Project Name: DESIGN OF PROPOSED SCHOOL CANTEEN Design by: ROBERTO V NOLLORA JR

Owner: MS. NATALIA C REYES Mark: 46

Location: BRGY. MAKAPILAPIL, SAN ILDEFONSO BULACAN Date: 10/14/2022
Check by: ROBERTO V NOLLORA JR

DESIGN OF CONCRETE BEAM Structural Excell Program

Material Properties: Left Mid Right

Concrete f'c = 20.7 MPa
Reinforcing fy = 275 MPa
Stirrup fy = 230 MPa

Beam Data
Span type = One end continuous
Span Length = 4.63 m
width, b = 0.25 m
height, h = 0.3 m
flexure bar Ø = 12 mm
shear bar Ø = 10 mm Layer 1 = 3 Layer 1 = 2 Layer 1 = 3
Torsion bar Ø = 12 mm Layer 2 = 0 3 pcs Layer 2 = 0 2 pcs Layer 2 = 0 3 pcs

Top

Top

Top
Layer 3 = 0 Layer 3 = 0 Layer 3 = 0
Stress Result (Any FEA or Frame Analysis)
Ratio = 0.512 Ratio = 0.835 Ratio = 0.477
Moment Left Mid Right
Layer 1 = 2 Layer 1 = 3 Layer 1 = 2
TB [kN-m] 10.71 12.92 9.98
Layer 2 = 0 2 pcs Layer 2 = 0 3 pcs Layer 2 = 0 2 pcs

Bot

Bot

Bot
BB [kN-m] 5.66 5.79 1.31
Layer 3 = 0 Layer 3 = 0 Layer 3 = 0
Left Mid Right Ratio = 0.366 Ratio = 0.277 Ratio = 0.085
Shear 8.78 0 9.71 ● Check Minimum Depth of Beam
Torsion 0.17 0 9.92 Depth = 0.25 Depth use is ok Table 409.3.1.1
4xDepth = 0.96 Depth use is ok Sec. 418.6.2.1a
ServiceMoment 7.71 9.07 7.05 Width (200 or 0.3h) = 0.2 Width use is ok Sec. 418.6.2.1b

SUMMARY CALCULATIONS
Design for Flexural Reinforcement Design for Stirrups
Used Maximum Vu = 9.71 kN Legs = 2
Top Moment Left Mid Right
The Beam Section is Adequate
Mu (kN.m) = 10.71 12.92 9.98
Distance = @50mm @2●Height
β1 value = 0.85 0.85 0.85
Applied Force, Vu = 9.4 kN 6.96 kN
Remarks = Doubly! Doubly! Doubly! Sec. 409.6.3.1
Concrete Strength, φVc= 34.12 kN 34.12 kN
ρmax = 0.00905 0.00669 0.00905
Concrete Strength, Vs max= 136.49 kN 136.49 kN
ρmin = 0.00417 0.00503 0.00388
Vmax = 170.61 kN 170.61 kN
ρused = 0.00556 0.00371 0.00556
S_used = 100 mm 150 mm
Reduction Fac = 0.9 0.9 0.9
Neutral Axis = 40.1 40.1 40.1
a= 34.08 34.08 34.08
Tensile Strain = 0.0153 0.0153 0.0153
ΦMn (kN.m) = 20.93 15.47 20.93

Bot Moment Left Mid Right

Mu (kN.m) = 5.66 5.79 1.31
β1 value = 0.85 0.85 0.85
Remarks = Doubly! Doubly! Doubly!
ρmax = 0.00669 0.00905 0.00669 10mm : 1@50mm 10@100mm 7@150mm REST @ 250mm O.C. TO C.L.
ρmin = 0.0022 0.00225 0.00051 Design for Torsion Reinforcements
ρused = 0.00371 0.00556 0.00371
Tc = 1.45 < 9.92 kN-m, must consider torsion!
Reduction Fac = 0.9 0.9 0.9
Tumax = 8.15 < Tu = 9.92 kN-m, increase section!
Neutral Axis = 40.1 40.1 40.1
Atprov = 78.54 (Av+t(used)-Av(req'd))/2
a= 34.08 34.08 34.08
Atreq'd = 0.11 <= At(prov) = 78.43 mm², O.K.
Tensile Strain = 0.0153 0.0153 0.0153
Atreq'd = 23 <= At(prov) = 78.43 mm², O.K.
ΦMn (kN.m) = 15.47 20.93 15.47
Alreq'd = 0.48 < Al(min) = 397.06 mm², thus use Al(min)
● Check Minimum according to Sec. 418.6.3 Almin = 397.06 >= Al(req'd) = 0.48 mm², thus use Al(min)
a.) 1. Least 2 at both top and bot Alprov = 452.39 add'l web bars are not required!
2. Min bar 3 (0.25*√fc)*bd/fy Total(Av+t)= 0.45 <= Av+t(prov) = 157.08 mm², O.K.
Total(Av+t)min= 57.07 <= Av+t(prov) = 157.08 mm², O.K.
3 1.4*bd/fy
3. Max bar 14 0.025*bd

b.) Positive moment at joint face shall be at least one half the negative ...

Design for Crack Control Exposure Condition = Dry Air or with Protective Membrane/ Coating
Left Mid Right
Mcr = 10.58 kN-m 10.58 kN-m 10.58 kN-m
Remark = Beam is not cracking! Beam is not cracking! Beam is not cracking!
Crack Width = 0.004 mm 0.004 mm 0.005 mm
Table 4.1 = Crack width is ok Crack width is ok Crack width is ok
Table 4.2 = Since dt = 12mm < 32mm, ok! Since dt = 12mm < 32mm, ok! Since dt = 12mm < 32mm, ok!
Table 4.3 = Since S = 75mm < 300mm, ok! Since S = 75mm < 300mm, ok! Since S = 75mm < 300mm, ok!

Check Minimum Design of Beam Limit
● Compute the Minimum depth of nonprestressed beams ( Table 409.3.1.1)
Depth = 0.25 Depth use is ok
● Compute the Dimensional limits of nonprestressed beams (Sec. 418.6.2.1a)
4xDepth = 0.96 Depth use is ok
● Compute the Dimensional limits of nonprestressed beams (Sec. 418.6.2.1b)
Width (200 or 0.3h) = 0.2 Width use is ok
Design for Flexural Reinforcement
Left Side
● Applied Moment
Mu = 10.71 kN-m
● Compute the Beta (Table 422.2.2.4.3)
Beta= 0.85
● Compute required ratio of reinforcement
ρ_min1=max(0.25√fc/fy], 1.4/fy)=0.0051
ρ_min2=1.33*(Mu/φfy bd(d-a/2)
ρ_min=min(ρmin1, ρmin2)=0.00417
● Compute the actual ratio of reinforcement
ρactual = As / bd = 0.00556
● Check using Doubly Reinforce Beam
ρmax = 0.00905
Neutral Axis N/A = 40.1
a = 34.08
Tensile Strain = 0.0153
Nominal Moment(Mn] = 23.26 kN-m
● Compute the Reduction factors (Sec. 421)
φ = 0.9
● Compute the Moment Capacity
Mu = φMn = 20.93 kN-m
● Compute the Ratio of Moment Capacity
Mu / φMn = 0.512
Left Side
● Applied Moment
Mu = 5.66 kN-m
● Compute the Beta (Table 422.2.2.4.3)
Beta= 0.85
● Compute required ratio of reinforcement
ρ_min1=max(0.25√fc/fy], 1.4/fy)=0.0051
ρ_min2=1.33*(Mu/φfy bd(d-a/2)
ρ_min=min(ρmin1, ρmin2)=0.0022
● Compute the actual ratio of reinforcement
ρactual = As / bd = 0.00371
● Check using Doubly Reinforce Beam
ρmax = 0.00669
Neutral Axis N/A = 40.1
a = 34.08
Tensile Strain = 0.0153
Nominal Moment(Mn] = 17.19 kN-m
● Compute the Reduction factors (Sec. 421)
φ = 0.9
● Compute the Moment Capacity
Mu = φMn = 15.47 kN-m
● Compute the Ratio of Moment Capacity
Mu / φMn = 0.366
DETAILED CALCULATIONS
Top Moment
Mid Span
● Applied Moment
Mu = 12.92 kN-m
● Compute the Beta (Table 422.2.2.4.3)
Beta= 0.85
● Compute required ratio of reinforcement
ρ_min1=max(0.25√fc/fy], 1.4/fy)=0.0051
ρ_min2=1.33*(Mu/φfy bd(d-a/2)
ρ_min=min(ρmin1, ρmin2)=0.00503
● Compute the actual ratio of reinforcement
ρactual = As / bd = 0.00371
● Check using Doubly Reinforce Beam
ρmax = 0.00669
Neutral Axis N/A = 40.1
a = 34.08
Tensile Strain = 0.0153
Nominal Moment(Mn] = 17.19 kN-m
● Compute the Reduction factors (Sec. 421)
φ = 0.9
● Compute the Moment Capacity
Mu = φMn = 15.47 kN-m
● Compute the Ratio of Moment Capacity
Mu / φMn = 0.835
Bottom Moment
Mid Span
● Applied Moment
Mu = 5.79 kN-m
● Compute the Beta (Table 422.2.2.4.3)
Beta= 0.85
● Compute required ratio of reinforcement
ρ_min1=max(0.25√fc/fy], 1.4/fy)=0.0051
ρ_min2=1.33*(Mu/φfy bd(d-a/2)
ρ_min=min(ρmin1, ρmin2)=0.00225
● Compute the actual ratio of reinforcement
ρactual = As / bd = 0.00556
● Check using Doubly Reinforce Beam
ρmax = 0.00905
Neutral Axis N/A = 40.1
a = 34.08
Tensile Strain = 0.0153
Nominal Moment(Mn] = 23.26 kN-m
● Compute the Reduction factors (Sec. 421)
φ = 0.9
● Compute the Moment Capacity
Mu = φMn = 20.93 kN-m
● Compute the Ratio of Moment Capacity
Mu / φMn = 0.277
Right Side
● Applied Moment
Mu = 9.98 kN-m
● Compute the Beta (Table 422.2.2.4.3)
Beta= 0.85
● Compute required ratio of reinforcement
ρ_min1=max(0.25√fc/fy], 1.4/fy)=0.0051
ρ_min2=1.33*(Mu/φfy bd(d-a/2)
ρ_min=min(ρmin1, ρmin2)=0.00388
● Compute the actual ratio of reinforcement
ρactual = As / bd = 0.00556
● Check using Doubly Reinforce Beam
ρmax = 0.00905
Neutral Axis N/A = 40.1
a = 34.08
Tensile Strain = 0.0153
Nominal Moment(Mn] = 23.26 kN-m
● Compute the Reduction factors (Sec. 421)
φ = 0.9
● Compute the Moment Capacity
Mu = φMn = 20.93 kN-m
● Compute the Ratio of Moment Capacity
Mu / φMn = 0.477
Right Side
● Applied Moment
Mu = 1.31 kN-m
● Compute the Beta (Table 422.2.2.4.3)
Beta= 0.85
● Compute required ratio of reinforcement
ρ_min1=max(0.25√fc/fy], 1.4/fy)=0.0051
ρ_min2=1.33*(Mu/φfy bd(d-a/2)
ρ_min=min(ρmin1, ρmin2)=0.00051
● Compute the actual ratio of reinforcement
ρactual = As / bd = 0.00371
● Check using Doubly Reinforce Beam
ρmax = 0.00669
Neutral Axis N/A = 40.1
a = 34.08
Tensile Strain = 0.0153
Nominal Moment(Mn] = 17.19 kN-m
● Compute the Reduction factors (Sec. 421)
φ = 0.9
● Compute the Moment Capacity
Mu = φMn = 15.47 kN-m
● Compute the Ratio of Moment Capacity
Mu / φMn = 0.085
 SHEAR CAPACITY CHECKS
Design for Shear Reinforcements
● Applied Force ● Applied Force
Distance @50mm from support Distance @2●Height from support
Shear Force is equal to 9.4 kN Shear Force is equal to 6.96 kN

● Check for the Section Size ● Check for the Section Size
Vs = φ*(2/3)*Sqr(fc)*b*d = 136.49 kN Vs = φ*(2/3)*Sqr(fc)*b*d = 136.49 kN
Vmax = Vs + φVc = 170.61 kN Vmax = Vs + φVc = 170.61 kN
The Beam Section is Adequate The Beam Section is Adequate

Design for Torsion Reinforcements

● Applied Force
Shear Force is equal to 9.4 kN Torsional Force is equal to 9.92 kN-m
● Geometry Design Parameters
> xo = width - (2 * Cover] = 170 mm > yo = height - (2 * Cover] =220 mm > Acp = height x width =75000 mm²
> Aoh = xo * yo =37400 mm² > Pcp = 2 * (height + width] =800 mm > Ph = 2 * (xo + yo] =780 mm
> Ao = 0.85 * Aoh =31790 mm²

● Compute the Cracking Torque ● Compute the Thereshold Torsion ● Remark

Tcr = φ 0.33sqrt(f'c)*(Acp^2/Pcp] = 8 kN-m Ts = Tcr/4 = 2 kN-m < 9.92 kN-m, must consider torsion!

● Compute the Tu maximum ● Remark

Tu(max] = sqrt(((φVc/bd)²+(φ0.66sqrt(f'c))²+(2φVc/bd)*φ0.66sqrt(f'c)-(Vu/bd)²)*(1.7²*Aoh^4/Ph²)] = 8.15 kN-m < Tu = 9.92 kN-m, increase section!
● Compute the At provided
At_provd = (Av+t(used)-Av(req'd))/2 = 78.54 mm²
● Compute the At required ● Remark
At_req = (Tu * TieSpacing) / (Phi * 2 * Ao * fy] = 0.11 mm² <= At(prov) = 78.43 mm², O.K.
● Compute the At minimum ● Remark
Atmin = Max((((0.35 * b * Spacing) / fy) - Spacing) / 2, (((0.062 * Sqr(fc) * b * Spacing) / fys) - 0) / 2, 0)= 23 mm²<= At(prov) = 78.43 mm², O.K.
● Compute the Al required ● Remark
Alreqd = (At_req / TieSpacing) * Ph * (fys / fy] = 0.48 mm² < Al(min) = 397.06 mm², thus use Al(min)
● Compute the Al minimum ● Remark
>= Al(req'd) = 0.48 mm², thus use Al(min)
Almin = ((0.42 * Sqr(fc) * Acp) / fy) - (Max((At_req / TieSpacing], ((0.175 * b) / fys)) * Ph * (fys / fy)] = 397.06 mm²

● Compute the Al provided ● Remark

Alprov = 4 * As_bar = 452.39 mm² add'l web bars are not required!
● Compute the TotalAvt ● Remark
TotalAvt = A_req + (2 * At_req] = 0.45 mm² <= Av+t(prov) = 157.08 mm², O.K.
● Compute the TotalAvtmin ● Remark
TotalAvtmin = Max(0.062* Sqr(fc) * b * Spacing / fys, 0.35 * b * Spacing / fys)= 57.07 mm² <= Av+t(prov) = 157.08 mm², O.K.

Design for Crack Control
Left Side
● Material Properties
n = Es / Ec = 9.353
● Applied Service Moment
Ma = 7.71 kN-m
● Section Properties at Cracking
b = width / (n*Ast) = 0.0788
r = [(n-1)*Asc]/[n*Ast] = 0.5954
Ig = (width * height^3) / 12 = 562.5x10⁶ mm⁴
fr = 0.62 * sqr(fc) = 2.82 MPa
Mcr = ( fr*Ig) / ( height /2 ) = 10.58 kN-m
● Check if Beam is cracking
Since the Ma/Mcr = 0.73 then it is not cracking!
CRACK CONTROL CHECKS
Mid Span
● Material Properties
n = Es / Ec = 9.353
● Applied Service Moment
Ma = 9.07 kN-m
● Section Properties at Cracking
b = width / (n*Ast) = 0.0788
r = [(n-1)*Asc]/[n*Ast] = 0.5954
Ig = (width * height^3) / 12 = 562.5x10⁶ mm⁴
fr = 0.62 * sqr(fc) = 2.82 MPa
Mcr = ( fr*Ig) / ( height /2 ) = 10.58 kN-m
● Check if Beam is cracking
Since the Ma/Mcr = 0.86 then it is not cracking!
Right Side
● Material Properties
n = Es / Ec = 9.353
● Applied Service Moment
Ma = 7.05 kN-m
● Section Properties at Cracking
b = width / (n*Ast) = 0.0788
r = [(n-1)*Asc]/[n*Ast] = 0.5954
Ig = (width * height^3) / 12 = 562.5x10⁶ mm⁴
fr = 0.62 * sqr(fc) = 2.82 MPa
Mcr = ( fr*Ig) / ( height /2 ) = 10.58 kN-m
● Check if Beam is cracking
Since the Ma/Mcr = 0.67 then it is not cracking!