SUMMARY PORTFOLIO

I. Unit 1: Getting higher qualifications

1. Workbook: The University of Life
The passage indicated that both vocational training and university have benefits and
drawbacks. However, if you lack qualifications, particularly the correct ones, your
employment prospects would be limited. Hidden signals emerge from a 16-year-old school
leaver's job development journey: teenagers should think optimistically about their career
path regardless of whether they choose to go to college or seek an apprenticeship. They must
also strive to uncover new chances and push themselves beyond their comfort zones to meet
new difficulties.

2. Student’s book: The MIT factor: celebrating 150 years of maverick

genius
Because it is the hub of creativity at its highest level, MIT University has emerged as the
world's future leader for the past 150 years. It focuses mostly on unlocking human potential
and pushing the existing world's limitations to expand. The telephone, electromagnets, radars,
and a long list of other innovations that MIT had a key role in. And students seeking future
career success might earn another higher certification at MIT, even if they had already left
their former university or college.

II. Unit 2: Colour my world

1. Workbook: An invention to dye for the colour purple
Purple is the color with the most potent meaning. Purple was connected with authority and
royalty from the beginning of civilizations, and only the emperor was permitted to wear it.
Purple was a tough and complicated chemical to make at the time, but William Perkin
revolutionized the industry. He created a purple liquid out of his flu medicine experiment,
which turned out to be a long-lasting dye that would change fashion forever. Violet, mauve,
magenta, indigo, and lilac are among the purple levels generated after that. Purple can also be
used to treat individuals who are depressed or grieving.

2. Student’s book: Learning color words

The article reveals that youngsters from English-speaking homes are good at using words to
describe objects, actions, and so on, but they struggle with color perception. This may be
directly related to the usage of these words in English. Children learn faster when color
adjectives are offered in the post-nominal position, but they show no signs of learning when
they are presented in the pre-nominal position.

III. Unit 3: A healthy life

1. Workbook: Scientific research reveals hidden benfits of regular exercise
Sedentary lifestyles have an impact not just on children's physical health, but also on their
intellectual achievement. So doing exercise regularly is very important as it has many
benefits. Physical exercises could also be employed to assist individuals to fight memory loss
and maintain problem-solving skills as they get older. Aerobic exercise is one of the greatest
types of exercise; we can start with 15 minutes a day and progressively build to 45 minutes
overtime to observe substantial results. Limiting yourself to 500 calories a day, according to
Dr. Mark Mattson, is not only good for your heart but also your brain.

2. Student’s book: Examining the placebo effect

Many well-established worldwide pharmaceutical businesses have been beaten and thrown
into difficulty as a result of placebo effect medication that uses sugar pills in the treatment
procedure. As a result, it was investigated and proven beneficial by a network of independent
researchers. To provide the finest care to patients, it should be combined with the optimum
pharmacological response.

IV. Unit 4: Art and the artist

1. Workbook: A brief history of photography in advertising
Photography was only sometimes utilized to advertise or promote businesses in the
beginning, and it wasn't until the twentieth century that advertisers understood its enormous
potential. Professional photographers have a plethora of career options since advertising
photography has grown in popularity. Advertising became a real industry in the 1940s, and
more money was put into it, while photos were much more lively, attractive, and especially
subtle. Commercial photography in the 1960s was increasingly concerned with
internationalism and worked more closely with art directors. Advertising trends that
promoted overly traditional images of life were condemned in the mid-twentieth century.

2. Student’s book: The history of the poster

The first posters were known as “broadsides” and were printed on one side only using metal
for public and commercial announcements. After many inventions, until the 1860s, Jule
Cheret hit on his “three-stone lithographic process”. This provided painters with the option to
work with a wide range of colors and had a notable result. In the late 1950s, a new graphic
style appeared called International Typographic Style and became more popular today.

V. Unit 5: Stepping back in time

1. Workbook: When and why did we learn to stand on our own two feet?
It's possible that we'll never know how long humans have been able to walk on two legs.
While one international team discovered evidence of 3.6 million-year-old bones called "
Kadanuumuu" in 2005, another unearthed bone pieces in 1974 called " Lucy" - a 3.2 million-
year-old female hominid. Lucy's brain size and height are both smaller than Kadanuumuu's,
hence the latter evidence is more plausible. The evolution of bipedal walking in humans can
be traced back to two factors: a rise in the need to commute to work and a desire to conserve
energy.

2. Student’s book: Last man standing

Turning the clock back to 80,000 years, we humans were only one of several species roaming
the Earth. Our species named Homo Sapiens (Latin for “wise man”) was most successful in
Africa. Homo Sapiens beat other hominids to become the only surviving species. A
remarkable fight for survival took place with the Neanderthal in Europe. Homo Sapiens and
Neanderthal were both strong and stockier than the average human today. Homo Sapiens had
many outstanding features over Neanderthal, so it helped Homo Sapiens to survive until now.

VI. Unit 6: IT society

1. Workbook: How green is your PlanIT Valley?
The aim and efforts of Living PlanIT to create a smart green city that combines real-world
sustainability with the high quality of IT-enhanced urban living are noteworthy. This project
has several hurdles, including the public perception that a city with a population of up to
250000 people may have minimal emissions, technical challenges, and major finance. Living
PlanIT, on the other hand, never wavered in its commitment to the "green" initiative, even in
the face of adversity. The passage's key message is not only that Living PlanIT intends to
develop a green city, but it also illustrates that a reputable and huge corporation should have
the idea that everything must succeed.

2. Student’s book: The new way to be a fifth-grader

Khan Academy is changing the rule of education. It is an educational website where students
can watch 2,400 sophisticated videos. Initially, by starting to use Khan Academy, Kami
Thordarson thought it just is a useful addition to her teaching. But it helped so much more.
However; not all educationalists are enamored with Khan’site. They pointed out some
limitations but Khan still does not want to change the way institutions teach; he just wants to
change how people learn.

VII. Unit 7: Our relationship with nature

1. Workbook: Keystone species
It may be argued that we only care about saving large, visible animals like whales and tigers
while overlooking other vital animals like honeybees. Imagine a home composed of several
stones, and the structure is supported by the main keystone if some of the stones are missing
but the house is still standing. This discusses the impact of the vanishing species on the
environment. Carnivores, herbivores, marine, and terrestrial species all contribute to the
ecology. Many animal species' habitats have been impacted by the emergence of humans. For
instance, consider the dodo's extinction. Some species may go unseen, although they can play
a crucial role in the patterning process. As a result, scientists must constantly seek out and
safeguard keystone species.

2. Student’s book: Gold dusters

Gold dusters are pollinators that come in over 200,000 different shapes and sizes. Files and
beetles are the original pollinators and they appeared 130m years ago. They helped a lot in
the pollination of many species. However, changes in habitat and exposure to chemicals such
as pesticides and fungicides have greatly affected their survival. Claire Kremen has suggested
several solutions to improve habitat problems such as planting hedges or native flowers.

VIII. Unit 8: Across the universe

1. Workbook: Life on Mars?
Although the living circumstances on Mars are harsh, they are similar to those on Earth,
therefore it can be considered a key to human long-term survival. However, transforming
Mars into a habitable home can take a long period, possibly thousands of years. The
employment of giant mirrors to capture the sun's rays, the installation of greenhouse gas
plants to raise the temperature of Mars, and the production of greenhouse gases and water by
ammonia-bearing asteroids on the planet have all been mentioned. The process of
transforming Mars into a second Earth is difficult and sounds like something from science
fiction, yet it is the only way to save humanity.

2. Student’s book: The Earth and Space Foundation

There is a large difference between the space exploration community and the Earth
environment research and protection community. Space exploration attracted professionals
from non-biological disciplines, mainly engineers and physicists. The study of the Earth and
its environment is mainly composed of biologists. These two communities have joined
together and formed a charity called “The Earth and Space Foundation” for various research
projects. In addition to funding research projects, the foundation also has award programs for
explorations in space.