‫تمارين الكتاب املقرر‬

‫االسم‪ :‬شذا حميد الطلحي‬

‫الرقم الجامعي‪44453309 :‬‬

‫الرقم التسلسلي‪25 :‬‬

‫الشعبة‪2514 :‬‬

‫‪1‬‬
 ‫اﻟﺘﺪرﯾﺐ اﻷول‪-‬‬

‫أنا كاتب‬

‫اﺳﺘﻌﻦ ﺑﺎ‪ /‬واﺗﺒﻊ اﻟﺨﻄﻮات اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺣﺪد ﻟﻨﻔﺴﻚ ﻣﺪة ﻣﻌﯿﻨﺔ ﺗﻜﺘﺐ ﻓﯿﮭﺎ )ﺧﻤﺲ دﻗﺎﺋﻖ ‪ /‬ﻋﺸﺮ دﻗﺎﺋﻖ(‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬أﻣﺴﻚ ﺑﻘﻠﻤﻚ واﻛﺘﺐ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮة دون ﺗﻮﻗﻒ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .3‬ﻻ ﺗﻠﺰم ﻧﻔﺴﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻣﺤﺪد‪.‬‬

‫‪ .4‬ﻻ ﺗﻨﻈﺮ إﻟﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺘﺒﺖ وﺗﺘﺄﻣﻞ ﻓﯿﮫ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .5‬ﻻ ﺗﮭﺘﻢ ﺑﺎﻷﺧﻄﺎء اﻟﻠﻐﻮﯾﺔ واﻟﻨﺤﻮﯾﺔ واﻷﺳﻠﻮﺑﯿﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .6‬ﻻ ﺗﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ أﻧﻚ ﻛﺘﺒﺖ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﯾﺪور ﻓﻲ ذھﻨﻚ‪:‬‬

‫‪M‬‬
‫ﺗﻔﻜ‪ E‬وﻫﺬا ‪A‬ﻌﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻹ?اف وﻗﺪ ﻧﻬﺎﻧﺎ ﷲ ﺳ‪9‬ﺤﺎﻧﻪ وﺗﻌﺎ‪ 5‬ﻋﻨﻪ‪ ،‬و‪0‬ﻌﺪ اﻟﻤﺎل ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻌﻢ اﻟﻤﺘﻌﺪدة‬
‫ﻏ‪D E‬‬ ‫ﻳ‪9‬ﺪأ اﻟﻨﺎس ‪K NL‬ف أﻣﻮاﻟﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ‪D‬‬
‫\ﺸ‪E‬ون اﻟﺨﻤﺮ واﻟﻤﺨﺪرات واﻷﺷ‪R‬ﺎء‬ ‫ﻟ_ء‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﻈﻢ اﻟﻨﺎس ‪Z‬‬ ‫^‬ ‫^‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ و‪0‬ﺠﺐ اﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻋﻠ‪R‬ﻪ وﻣﺮاﻗ‪9‬ﺔ ﷲ ﻋﻨﺪ ?اء ﻏﺮض ﻣﺎ‪ ،‬أو ‪K‬ف اﻟﻤﺎل ‪L‬‬
‫‪M‬‬ ‫اﻟ‪ v‬ﻧﻬﺎﻧﺎ ﷲ ﻋﻦ ^?اﺋﻬﺎ‪ ،‬واﻟ‪9‬ﻌﺾ اﻷﺧﺮ ‪rA‬ف ﻣﺎل ﺣﺮام ﻟﻢ ‪A‬ﻜﺴ‪9‬ﻪ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ ‪n‬ﻞ ﺗﻤﺖ ?ﻗﺘﻪ واﻧﺘﻬﺎ‪k‬ﻪ‪ ،‬وﻫﺬا ^‪ j‬ﻻ ‪M‬‬ ‫‪Z‬‬
‫و‪ N‬اﻟﻴﻮم‬
‫ﻳﺮ‪ h‬ﷲ ‪L‬‬ ‫‪L‬‬ ‫‪L‬‬ ‫‪L‬‬
‫‪M‬‬
‫واﺗﻤ‪ v‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ اﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻋ{ أﻣﻮاﻟﻬﻢ وﻋﺪم ‪K‬ﻓﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ اﻟﻠﻬﻮ ﻓﻘﻂ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻷﺧﺮ \ﺴﺄل اﻟﻨﺎس ﻋﻦ أﻣﻮاﻟﻬﻢ ﻓ‪R‬ﻤﺎ اﻓﻨﻮﻫﺎ‬

‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...‬‬

‫• ﻋﻨﺪ اﻧﺘﮭﺎء اﻟﻮﻗﺖ اﻟﻤﺤﺪد ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬اﻧﻈﺮ ﻓﯿﻤﺎ ﻛﺘﺒﺘﮫ وأﻋﺪ ﻗﺮاءﺗﮫ ﺑﮭﺪوء‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺣﺪد اﻷﻓﻜﺎر اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻨﺎوﻟﺘﮭﺎ‪ .‬اﻹﺳﺮاف ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺎل‪ ،‬ﺳﺮﻗﺔ اﻷﻣﻮال واﻧﺘﮭﺎﻛﮭﺎ‪ ،‬اﻟﻤﺎل ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻌﻢ اﻟﻌﺪﯾﺪة ﻋﻠﯿﻨﺎ‬

‫‪ .3‬اﻷﺧﻄﺎء اﻟﻨﺤﻮﯾﺔ واﻹﻣﻼﺋﯿﺔ واﻷﺳﻠﻮﺑﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ وﻗﻌﺖ ﻓﯿﮭﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﻟﻢ اﺗﺮك ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﺎدﺋﺔ ﻓﻲ اول اﻟﺴﻄﺮ‪ ،‬ﺑﻌﺾ ﺳﯿﺎق اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﻣﻮ ﺻﺤﯿﺢ‪ ،‬اﺷﻌﺮ ﺑﺄن اﻟﻨﺺ ﻣﺘﻮﻋﻚ‬

‫اﻟﺘﺪرﯾﺐ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‪-‬‬

‫العصف الذهني‬

‫وﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻮاﺻﻞ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬

‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ أﺻﺒﺢ ﻗﺮﯾﺔ ﺻﻐﯿﺮة‪ .‬اﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ أﺳﮭﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻮﺛﯿﻖ أواﺻﺮ اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎت اﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﯿﺔ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﺸﻌﻮب‪ .‬ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﻟﻢ ﯾﻜﻦ ھﻨﺎك‬
‫ﺗﻮاﺻﻞ ﺳﺮﯾﻊ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﺸﻌﻮب‪ .‬أﻧﺎ أﺣﺐ اﻟﺘﻌﺎرف‪...‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫• ﺑﻌﺪ ﻗﺮاءة ھﺬا اﻟﻤﺜﺎل اﻟﺘﻮﺿﯿﺤﻲ ﻟﻠﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﺤﺮة‪ ,‬ﻟﻌﻠﻚ وﺟﺪت ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻘﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺠﯿﺎت ھﺬا اﻟﻨﻮع ﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ‪.‬‬

‫• ھﻨﺎك ﻋﺪة ﺟﻤﻞ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع‪ ,‬اذﻛﺮھﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﺻﻐ‪E‬ة‬
‫‪D‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ أﺻﺒﺢ ﻗ‪0€‬ﺔ‬

‫أﻧﺎ اﺣﺐ اﻟﺘﻌﺎرف‬

‫ﻗﺎرن اﻟﺠﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ إﺟﺎﺑﺘﻚ ﻣﻊ اﻟﺠﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ إﺟﺎﺑﺔ زﻣﯿﻠﻚ ﺑﺠﻮارك‪ .‬ھﻞ ﺑﯿﻦ إﺟﺎﺑﺘﯿﻜﻤﺎ ﺗﺸﺎﺑﮫ؟‬

‫ﻧﻌﻢ ھﻨﺎك ﺗﺸﺎﺑﮫ‬

‫• ﺗﺪرﯾﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﺬھﻨﯿﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ﺑﻨﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﻄﺎة‪ ,‬ارﺳﻢ ﺧﺮﯾﻄﺔ ذھﻨﯿﺔ ﻋﻦ أﺣﺪ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت اﻵﺗﯿﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬اﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﯿﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺿﺮﯾﺒﺔ اﻟﻘﯿﻤﺔ اﻟﻤﻀﺎﻓﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .3‬اﻟﺸﺒﺎب واﻷﻣﻦ اﻟﻔﻜﺮي‪.‬‬

‫‪3‬‬
 ‫• ﺗﺪرﯾﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ إﻋﺪاد اﻟﻘﻮاﺋﻢ‪:‬‬

‫ﻗﻢ ﺑﺈﻋﺪاد ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺣﻮل ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻣﻦ اﺧﺘﯿﺎرك‪ ,‬أو ﻣﻦ أﺣﺪ اﻟﻤﻮاﺿﯿﻊ اﻵﺗﯿﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬اﻻﺳﺘﻌﺪاد ﻟﻼﺧﺘﺒﺎرات‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻛﯿﻔﯿﺔ اﻛﺘﺴﺎب أﺻﺪﻗﺎء ﺟﺪد‪.‬‬

‫‪ .3‬اﻟﺘﺤﺪث أﻣﺎم اﻟﺠﻤﮭﻮر‪.‬‬

‫ﻛﯿﻔﯿﺔ اﻛﺘﺴﺎب اﺻﺪﻗﺎء ﺟﺪد‪:‬‬

‫‪ -١‬اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪة‬
‫‪ -٢‬اﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﺤﺴﻦ‬
‫‪ -٣‬اﻟﻮﻓﺎء واﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ اﻟﻄﯿﺒﺔ‬
‫‪ -٤‬اﻟﻤﺸﺎرﻛﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻼب‬
‫‪ -٥‬اظﮭﺎر ذاﺗﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺑﯿﻨﮭﻢ‬
‫‪ -٦‬اﺧﺘﺮ اﻻﺻﺪﻗﺎء ذات اﻟﺼﻔﺎت اﻟﺤﺴﻨﺔ‬
‫‪ -٧‬ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ان ﺗﺒﺪأ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﺪاﻗﺔ داﺧﻞ اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬

‫‪4‬‬
 ‫اﻟﺘﺪرﯾﺐ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‪-‬‬

‫هيكلة األفكار‬

‫• ﻣﺎ رأﯾﻚ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻨﺎوﯾﻦ اﻵﺗﯿﺔ‪ .‬ﻧﺎﻗﺶ زﻣﯿﻠﻚ ﺑﺠﻮارك ﺣﻮل ﻣﺪى ﻣﻼءﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﻮاﺿﯿﻊ وﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺘﮭﺎ ﺷﺮوط ﺻﯿﺎﻏﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻨﻮان‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺎء‬

‫ﯾﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﺎء ﻹﺣﯿﺎء اي ﻣﺨﻠﻮق‬

‫اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ﻟﻐﺔ ﺣﯿﺎة‬

‫اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ﺟﻤﯿﻠﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﻔﺎظﮭﺎ ُﻣﺨﺘﺎرة‬

‫أﺿﺮار اﻟﺘﻠﻮث اﻟﺒﯿﺌﻲ‬

‫ﯾﺠﺐ اﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺒﯿﺌﺔ‬

‫ھﺬا ﻋﻤﻞ ﻻ ﺑﺪ ﻣﻨﮫ‬

‫ﻏﯿﺮ واﺿﺢ‬

‫طﺮﯾﻘﺔ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻔﻘﺮة اﻟﻮﺻﻔﯿﺔ‬

‫ﺻﺎﻟﺢ ﻷﻧﮫ ﻣﻄﻠﻮب‬

‫ﻋﺎﺋﺪات ﻣﺸﺮوع اﻟﺒﺤﺮ اﻷﺣﻤﺮ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدﯾﺔ‬

‫ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻮﺟﺰ‬

‫‪5‬‬
 ‫• ﺣﺪد اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع واﻟﻔﻜﺮة اﻟﻀﺎﺑﻄﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎﺣﯿﺔ اﻵﺗﯿﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﯾﻘﻊ اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ اﻟﻨﺒﻮي ﻣﻮﻗﻊ اﻟﻘﻠﺐ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﻮرة‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع‪ :‬ﻣﻮﻗﻊ اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ اﻟﻨﺒﻮي‬

‫اﻟﻔﻜﺮة اﻟﻀﺎﺑﻄﺔ‪ :‬وﻗﻮﻋﮫ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻠﺐ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﻮرة‬

‫‪ .2‬ﺗﺮﺗﻜﺰ اﻟﺮؤﯾﺔ اﻟﻮطﻨﯿﺔ ‪ 2030‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻣﺤﺎور‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع‪ :‬رؤﯾﺔ ‪2030‬‬

‫اﻟﻔﻜﺮة اﻟﻀﺎﺑﻄﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﺤﺎور اﻟﺮؤﯾﺔ اﻟﻮطﻨﯿﺔ‬

‫‪ .3‬ﺗﻨﻮﻋﺖ وﺟﮭﺎت ﻧﻈﺮ اﻵﺑﺎء ﺣﻮل اﺳﺘﺨﺪام أطﻔﺎﻟﮭﻢ اﻷﺟﮭﺰة اﻟﺬﻛﯿﺔ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺆﯾﺪ وﻣﻌﺎرض‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع‪ :‬وﺟﮭﺎت ﻧﻈﺮ اﻻﺑﺎء ﺣﻮل اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻻطﻔﺎل اﻷﺟﮭﺰة اﻟﺬﻛﯿﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻔﻜﺮة اﻟﻀﺎﺑﻄﺔ‪ :‬اﻷﺟﮭﺰة اﻟﺬﻛﯿﺔ‬

‫‪ .4‬ﯾﻘﯿﻢ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ اﻟﻤﻠﻚ ﻋﺒﺪ ﷲ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻌﺰﯾﺰ اﻟﺪوﻟﻲ ﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺷﮭﺮ اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺪد ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﻠﺪان‬
‫ﺣﻮل اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع‪ :‬ﻣﺮﻛﺰ اﻟﻤﻠﻚ ﻋﺒﺪﷲ ﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻔﻜﺮة اﻟﻀﺎﺑﻄﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﻨﻤﯿﺔ اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬

‫• اﺧﺘﺮ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋًﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ اﻵﺗﯿﺔ‪ ,‬أو ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋًﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺪك‪ ,‬واﻋﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ھﯿﻜﻠﺔ أﻓﻜﺎره وأﺟﺰاء ﻓﻘﺮﺗﮫ ﺑﺤﺴﺐ‬
‫اﻟﺨﻄﻮات اﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮرة ﺳﺎﺑﻘًﺎ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬اﻟﺘﻨﻤﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪاﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬اﻟﺸﺒﺎب واﻷﻣﻦ اﻟﻔﻜﺮي‪.‬‬

‫‪ .3‬اﻟﺮﯾﺎﺿﺔ ﺗﺒﻨﻲ اﻟﻌﻘﻮل واﻷﺟﺴﺎد‪.‬‬

‫‪ .4‬وﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻮاﺻﻞ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .5‬اﻟﻤﺮأة ﻧﺼﻒ اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻗﻢ ﺑﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﺨﻄﻮات اﻵﺗﯿﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬اﺑﺪأ ﺑﺼﯿﺎﻏﺔ اﻟﻌﻨﻮن‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬اﻛﺘﺐ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎﺣﯿﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪6‬‬
 ‫‪ .3‬ﻟﺨﺺ اﻟﺠﻤﻞ اﻟﺪاﻋﻤﺔ ورﺗﺒﮭﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .4‬اﻛﺘﺐ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﺨﺎﺗﻤﺔ‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻌﻨﻮان )وﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻮاﺻﻞ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ(‬

‫‪ .1‬اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎﺣﯿﺔ‪ :‬ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﺟﻤﯿﻊ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ وﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻮاﺻﻞ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬

‫‪ .2‬اﻟﺠﻤﻞ اﻟﺪاﻋﻤﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -‬ھﻨﺎك طﺮق ﺻﺤﯿﺤﺔ ﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪام وﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻮاﺻﻞ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬

‫‪ -‬أﻧﻮاع وﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻮاﺻﻞ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬

‫‪ -‬وﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻮاﺻﻞ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﻟﮭﺎ ﻋﺪة ﺳﻠﺒﯿﺎت وإﯾﺠﺎﺑﯿﺎت‬

‫‪ .3‬اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﺨﺎﺗﻤﺔ‪ :‬أھﻤﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﻮاﺻﻞ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺣﯿﺎﺗﻨﺎ اﻟﯿﻮﻣﯿﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺘﺪرﯾﺐ اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ‪-‬‬

‫الفقرة‬

‫أھﻤﯿﺔ ﺣﺰام اﻷﻣﺎن‬

‫ﻟﺤﺰام اﻷﻣﺎن أھﻤﯿﺔ ﻛﺒﺮى ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷرواح؛ ﻓﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﮫ ﯾﻘﻠﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺪل اﻟﻮﻓﯿﺎت ﻓﻲ ﺣﻮادث اﻟﺴﯿﺮ ﻣﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﮫ‬
‫‪ , %50‬أي أن اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﯿﺔ وﻓﺎة اﻷﺷﺨﺎص اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﯿﻦ ﻷﺣﺰﻣﺔ اﻷﻣﺎن ﻋﻨﺪ وﻗﻮع اﻟﺤﻮادث اﻟﺨﻄﯿﺮة ﺗﻘﻞ إﻟﻰ ﺣﻮاﻟﻲ اﻟﻨﺼﻒ‬
‫ﻗﯿﺎﺳًﺎ ﺑﺎﻷﺷﺨﺎص ﻏﯿﺮ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﯿﻦ ﻟﻸﺣﺰﻣﺔ‪ .‬اﻷطﻔﺎل اﻟﺬﯾﻦ ﯾﺮﺑﻄﻮن أﺣﺰﻣﺔ اﻷﻣﺎن ﺗﺘﻮاﻓﺮ ﻟﮭﻢ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ أﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺤﻤﺎﯾﺔ ﺗﺤﺪ‬
‫ﻣﻦ اﻹﺻﺎﺑﺔ واﻟﻮﻓﯿﺎت‪ ,‬ﻋﻠ ًﻤﺎ ﺑﺄن ﻣﻌﺪل وﻓﺎة اﻟﺮﻛﺎب ﻣﻦ اﻷطﻔﺎل –ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‪ -‬ﯾﺰداد اﺛﻨﻲ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺿﻌﻔًﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻋﺪم رﺑﻂ أﺣﺰﻣﺔ‬
‫اﻷﻣﺎن؛ ﻟﺬا أﺻﺒﺢ رﺑﻂ ﺣﺰام اﻷﻣﺎن إﻟﺰاﻣﯿًّﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ دول اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﺗﻮﻓﯿﺮ أﻛﺒﺮ ﻗﺪر ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺤﻤﺎﯾﺔ ﻟﻠﺮﻛﺎب ﺳﻮاء‬
‫أﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻘﺎﻋﺪ اﻷﻣﺎﻣﯿﺔ أم اﻟﺨﻠﻔﯿﺔ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻣﺎ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع اﻟﺮﺋﯿﺴﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻘﺮة؟ أھﻤﯿﺔ اﻻﻟﺘﺰام ﺑﺎﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬

‫• ﻛﻢ ﻋﺪد اﻟﺠﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ ھﺬه اﻟﻔﻘﺮة؟ ﺗﺴﻊ ﺟﻤﻞ‬

‫• ھﻞ ﺗﺮى أن اﻟﻔﻘﺮة ﻗﺪ أدت اﻟﻔﻜﺮة ﺑﻮﺿﻮح؟ ﻧﻌﻢ‬

‫• ھﻞ اﻟﺘﺰم ﻛﺎﺗﺐ اﻟﻔﻘﺮة ﺿﻮاﺑﻂ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻲ ﻟﮭﺎ؟ وﻛﯿﻒ؟ ﻧﻌﻢ ﺗﺮك ﻣﺴﺎﻓﮫ ﺑﺪاﯾﺔ اﻟﻜﻼم و وﺿﻊ ﻋﻼﻣﺎت‬
‫ﺗﺮﻗﯿﻢ‬

‫‪......................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪......................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪......................................................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪7‬‬
 ‫اﻛﺘﺐ ﻓﻘﺮة ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻜﺮة رﺋﯿﺴﯿﺔ واﺣﺪة ﻓﻘﻂ‪ ,‬ﻣﻊ ﻋﺪم اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺪد اﻟﺠﻤﻞ‪ ,‬ﻣﻄﺒﻘﺎ ﺿﻮاﺑﻂ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻘﺮة‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﺼﻼة‬

‫اﻟﺼﻼة ھﻲ اﻟﺮﻛﻦ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻦ ارﻛﺎن اﻻﺳﻼم وﯾﺠﺐ اﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ وﻋﺪم اﻟﺘﻔﺮﯾﻂ ﻓﯿﮭﺎ ﻻﻧﮭﺎ ﻋﺎﻣﻮد اﻟﺪﯾﻦ‪ .‬ﯾﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﯿﻚ ان‬
‫ﺗﻨﺼﺢ اﻟﻐﯿﺮ ﺑﺈﻗﺎﻣﺘﮭﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﻗﺖ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬

‫اﻟﺘﺪرﯾﺐ اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ‪-‬‬

‫الوحدة املوضوعية والترابط‬

‫• اﻗﺮأ اﻟﻔﻘﺮة وأﺟﺐ ﻋﻦ اﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ اﻵﺗﯿﺔ‪:‬‬

‫اﻟﺘﻨﻤﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪاﻣﺔ‬

‫ﺗﻮﻟﻲ اﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ اﻟﺴﻌﻮدﯾﺔ اﻟﺘﻨﻤﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪاﻣﺔ ﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ ﻓﺎﺋﻘﺔ؛ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﺑﺈﻧﺸﺎء اﻟﻤﺸﺎرﯾﻊ اﻟﺘﻨﻤﻮﯾﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﻨﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻠﺒﻲ‬
‫اﺣﺘﯿﺎﺟﺎت اﻷﺟﯿﺎل اﻟﺤﺎﻟﯿﺔ واﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﯿﺔ‪ ,‬ﻣﻊ اﻟﺤﺮص ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻮة اﻟﻨﻈﻢ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ وﺗﻤﺎﺳﻜﮭﺎ‪ .‬وﻓﯿﻤﺎ ﯾﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﮭﺬا اﻟﻤﺠﺎل ﻗﺎﻣﺖ‬
‫اﻟﺪوﻟﺔ ﺑﺘﻘﻨﯿﻦ وﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ اﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎدة ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻮارد اﻟﻄﺒﯿﻌﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺠﺪدة‪ ,‬ﻣﺜﻞ‪ :‬ﺗﻄﻮﯾﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﯿﺎه‪ ,‬وﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻟﺘﻮﻋﯿﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻄﺮق اﺳﺘﮭﻼك اﻟﻤﺎء واﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎء‪ ,‬واﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺒﯿﺌﺔ ‪ .‬ﻋﻼوة ﻋﻠﻰ ذﻟﻚ‪ ,‬أﻋﻠﻨﺖ وزارة اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة واﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﻋﻦ دراﺳﺔ‬
‫إﺣﺼﺎﺋﯿﺔ ﺣﻮل ﺳﻌﯿﮭﺎ ﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎد اﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎت اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺑﺪﯾﻼ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﻮرﻗﻲ؛ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺗﻤﻜﻨﺖ اﻟﻮزارة ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪2014‬م‬
‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ )‪ (346‬ﺷﺠﺮة‪ ,‬وھﺬا ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺄﻛﯿﺪ ﯾﺼﺐ ﻓﻲ ﺳﺒﯿﻞ اﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺜﺮوة اﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﯿﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﮭﺔ‪ ,‬وﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﺗﺴﺮﯾﻊ‬
‫وﺗﯿﺮة اﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻹداري ﻣﻦ ﺟﮭﺔ أﺧﺮى‪ .‬إن ھﺬه اﻟﻤﺸﺎرﯾﻊ وﻏﯿﺮھﺎ ﻟﺘﺆﻛﺪ اﻻھﺘﻤﺎم اﻟﺒﺎﻟﻎ اﻟﺬي ﺗﺤﻈﻰ ﺑﮫ ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﻨﻤﯿﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪاﻣﺔ ﻟﺪى ﻗﺎدة ھﺬا اﻟﺒﻠﺪ اﻟﻤﻌﻄﺎء‪.‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺎ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ھﺬه اﻟﻔﻘﺮة؟ وﻣﺎ ﻋﻨﻮاﻧﮭﺎ؟‬

‫اﻟﺘﻨﻤﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪاﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ اﻟﺴﻌﻮدﯾﺔ‬

‫‪ .2‬اﺳﺘﺨﺮج اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎﺣﯿﺔ‪ ,‬وﺿﻊ ﺧﻄﺎ ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع وداﺋﺮة ﺣﻮل اﻟﻔﻜﺮة اﻟﻀﺎﺑﻄﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺘﻮ‪ A‬اﻟﻤﻤﻠ?ﺔ اﻟﻌ>=‪9‬ﺔ اﻟﺴﻌﻮد‪/‬ﺔ اﻟﺘﻨﻤ‪9‬ﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪاﻣﺔ ﻋﻨﺎ‪/‬ﺔ ﻓﺎﺋﻘﺔ‬

‫‪ .3‬ھﻞ ھﻨﺎك وﺣﺪة ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﯿﺔ ﻟﻠﻔﻘﺮة؟‬

‫ان اﻟﺘﻨﻤﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪاﻣﺔ ﻟﮭﺎ ﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ ﻓﺎﺋﻘﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .4‬ﻛﯿﻒ ﺗﺤﻘﻘﺖ اﻟﻮﺣﺪة اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻋﯿﺔ؟ ﻋﺪد اﻟﺨﻄﻮات‪.‬‬

‫‪ -١‬اﺣﺘﻮاءھﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻜﺮة واﺣﺪة‬

‫‪ -٢‬اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﺮواﺑﻂ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‬

‫‪ -٣‬ذﻛﺮ ﻣﺰاﯾﺎ اﻟﺘﻨﻤﯿﺔ‬

‫‪8‬‬
 ‫‪ .5‬ﻣﺎ دور اﻟﺠﻤﻞ اﻟﺪاﻋﻤﺔ؟ وھﻞ ھﻲ ﻣﺘﺠﺎﻧﺴﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺑﻌﻀﮭﺎ وﻣﺘﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﯿﺎ؟‬

‫‪ /١‬ﻣﺜﻠﺖ اﻟﺠﺰء اﻻﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﻦ ھﺬه اﻟﻔﻘﺮة‬

‫‪ /٢‬ﻧﺎﻓﺴﺖ ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎﺣﯿﺔ‬

‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪........................................................................................................‬‬

‫اﻟﺘﺪرﯾﺐ اﻟﺴﺎدس‪-‬‬

‫موضوعات األسلوب الوصفي‬

‫• اﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻊ زﻣﯿﻠﻚ أو ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ زﻣﻼﺋﻚ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت ﻟﻸﺳﻠﻮب اﻟﻮﺻﻔﻲ‪:‬‬

‫ا‪E‬‬
‫‪ -١‬اول ﻳﻮم در ‪D‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬اﻟﺴﻤﺎء ﺻﺎﻓ‪9‬ﺔ‬

‫‪ -٣‬اﻟﻄﺎﺋﻒ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻣﺰدﺣﻤﺔ‬

‫‪9‬‬
 ‫تطبيقات على أساليب كتابة الفقرة‬

‫ﯾﺨﺘﺎر اﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺗﺪرﯾﺒﺎت ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﺪرﯾﺒﺎت اﻵﺗﯿﺔ‬

‫أوال‪ -‬األسلوب الوصفي‬

‫• ﻓﻲ ﺿﻮء ﻣﺎ ﺗﻤﺖ دراﺳﺘﮫ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ‪ ,‬ﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﺧﻄﻮات اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ واﺻﻔًﺎ أﺣﺪ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت اﻵﺗﯿﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -‬اﻟﻄﺮاز اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ ﻷﺣﺪ اﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺳﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﺟﺒﺎل اﻟﺴﺮوات‬

‫‪ -‬أي ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻣﻦ اﺧﺘﯿﺎرك ﯾﻜﻮن ذا طﺒﯿﻌﺔ وﺻﻔﯿﺔ‬

‫‪ /1‬ﺣﺎول ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ اﻷﻓﻜﺎر ﺣﻮل ھﺬا اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام إﺣﺪى اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺠﯿﺎت اﻟﻌﺼﻒ اﻟﺬھﻨﻲ اﻟﺘﻲ درﺳﺘﮭﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﺪ اﻟﺤﺮم اﻟﻤﻜﻲ‬

‫‪ -‬ھﻮ أﻋﻈﻢ ﻣﺴﺠﺪ ﻓﻲ اﻹﺳﻼم‬

‫‪ -‬ﻣﻮﻗﻊ اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ اﻟﺤﺮام‬

‫‪ -‬اﻓﻀﻞ ﺑﻘﺎع اﻷرض‬

‫‪ -‬اﻟﻜﻌﺒﺔ ھﻲ ﻗﺒﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﯿﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺻﻠﻮاﺗﮭﻢ‬

‫‪ -‬اول ﺑﯿﺖ وﺿﻊ ﻓﻲ اﻻرض‬

‫‪ -‬اول ﻣﻦ ﺑﻨﺎھﺎ ھﻮ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ ادم ﻋﻠﯿﮫ اﻟﺴﻼم‬

‫‪ -‬اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ اﻟﺤﺮام ھﻮ أول اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺟﺪ اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺸﺪ اﻟﯿﮭﺎ اﻟﺮﺣﺎل‬

‫‪10‬‬
 ‫‪ /2‬ھﯿﻜﻠﺔ اﻷﻓﻜﺎر‪:‬‬

‫اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ) ﻣﺴﺠﺪ اﻟﺤﺮم اﻟﻤﻜﻲ (‬

‫• اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎﺣﯿﺔ‪ :‬اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ اﻟﺤﺮام ھﻮ أﻋﻈﻢ ﻣﺴﺠﺪ ﻓﻲ اﻻﺳﻼم‬

‫• اﻟﺠﻤﻞ اﻟﺪاﻋﻤﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -‬اﻓﻀﻞ ‪Z‬ﻘﻌﺔ ﻋ‪ Y‬اﻷرض‬
‫]‬
‫‪ -‬أول ﺑ‪b‬ﺖ وﺿﻊ ‪ ^D‬اﻷرض‬
‫‪]e‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤ‪f‬‬ ‫‪ -‬اﻟ?ﻌ‪g‬ﺔ ‪D‬‬
‫‪ i‬ﻗ‪g‬ﻠﺔ‬

‫• اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﺨﺎﺗﻤﺔ‪ :‬اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ اﻟﺤﺮام ھﻮ أول اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺟﺪ اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺸﺪ اﻟﯿﮭﺎ اﻟﺮﺣﺎل‬

‫‪ /3‬اﻵن وﺑﻌﺪ اﻻﻧﺘﮭﺎء ﻣﻦ ھﯿﻜﻠﺔ اﻷﻓﻜﺎر‪ ,‬ﺣﺎول ﺻﯿﺎﻏﺘﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻔﻘﺮة ﻣﺴﺘﻔﯿﺪًا ﻣﻦ أدوات اﻟﺮﺑﻂ اﻟﻮﺻﻔﯿﺔ ‪ ,‬وﻣﺮاﻋﯿﺎ‬
‫ﺿﻮاﺑﻂ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻘﺮة‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺠﺪ اﻟﺤﺮم اﻟﻤﻜﻲ‬

‫اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ اﻟﺤﺮام ھﻮ أﻋﻈﻢ ﻣﺴﺠﺪ ﻓﻲ اﻹﺳﻼم‪ ،‬وأﻓﻀﻞ ﺑﻘﻌﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷرض‪ ،‬اﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﻓﮭﻮ ﯾﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻼد‬
‫اﻟﺤﺠﺎز ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪاً ﻣﻜﺔ اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻣﺔ وھﻮ اول اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺟﺪ اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺸﺪ اﻟﯿﮭﺎ اﻟﺮﺣﺎل ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎل اﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﺻﻠﻰ ﷲ ﻋﻠﯿﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‪.‬‬

‫ثانيا‪ -‬األسلوب التعريفي‬

‫• ﻓﻲ ﺿﻮء ﻣﺎ ﺗﻤﺖ دراﺳﺘﮫ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ‪ ,‬ﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﺧﻄﻮات اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺎ أﺣﺪ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت اﻵﺗﯿﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﻣﺸﺮوع اﻟﺒﺤﺮ اﻷﺣﻤﺮ‬

‫‪11‬‬
 ‫‪ -‬ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﻤﺜﯿﻞ اﻟﻐﺬاﺋﻲ‬

‫‪ -‬أي ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻣﻦ اﺧﺘﯿﺎرك ﯾﻜﻮن ذا طﺒﯿﻌﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻔﯿﺔ‬

‫‪ /1‬ﺣﺎول ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ اﻷﻓﻜﺎر ﺣﻮل ھﺬا اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام إﺣﺪى اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺠﯿﺎت اﻟﻌﺼﻒ اﻟﺬھﻨﻲ اﻟﺘﻲ درﺳﺘﮭﺎ‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻐﺪة اﻟﻨﺨﺎﻣﯿﺔ ﺳﯿﺪة اﻟﻐﺪد‬

‫‪ -‬ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ اﻟﻐﺪة اﻟﻨﺨﺎﻣﯿﺔ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺗﺮﻛﯿﺒﮭﺎ‬

‫‪ -‬اھﻤﯿﺘﮭﺎ‬

‫‪ -‬اﻣﺮاﺿﮭﺎ‬

‫‪..........................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪ /2‬ھﯿﻜﻠﺔ اﻷﻓﻜﺎر‪:‬‬

‫اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ) ‪...‬اﻟﻐﺪة اﻟﻨﺨﺎﻣﯿﺔ ﺳﯿﺪة اﻟﻐﺪد‪( .......‬‬

‫• اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎﺣﯿﺔ‪ :‬ﯾﺘﺄﻟﻒ ﺟﺴﻢ اﻻﻧﺴﺎن ﻣﻦ ﻋﺪة ﻏﺪد ﻣﺴﺆﻟﮫ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺧﺎص ﻋﻦ اﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﮭﺮﻣﻮﻧﺎت وﻣﻦ أھﻤﮭﺎ اﻟﻐﺪة‬
‫اﻟﻨﺨﺎﻣﯿﮫ‬

‫• اﻟﺠﻤﻞ اﻟﺪاﻋﻤﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﺗﻌﺪ اﻟﻐﺪة اﻟﻨﺨﺎﻣﯿﺔ اﻟﺠﺰء اﻷھﻢ ﺑﺠﺴﻢ اﻻﻧﺴﺎن ﻓﮭﻲ ﺗﻔﺮز ﻋﺪة ھﺮﻣﻮﻧﺎت وﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻓﻲ ﻧﺸﺎط اﻟﻐﺪد‬

‫‪ -‬اﻟﻐﺪة اﻟﻨﺨﺎﻣﯿﺔ وظﯿﻔﮫ ﻛﺒﺮى‬

‫‪j‬‬
‫ﺻﻐ‪ l‬ﺟﺪا‬
‫‪e‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻋ‪ Y‬اﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﻦ أﻫﻤ‪9‬ﺔ اﻟﻐﺪة اﻻ ان ﻟﻬﺎ ﺗﺮﻛ‪9‬ﺐ‬

‫‪ -‬ﯾﻨﺘﺞ ﻣﻦ اﺿﻄﺮاب ھﺮﻣﻮﻧﺎت اﻟﻐﺪة ﻣﺮض اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻘﺔ وداء اﻟﺴﻜﺮي اﻟﻜﺎذب‬

‫• اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﺨﺎﺗﻤﺔ‪ :‬ﻓﻲ اﻵوﻧﺔ اﻷﺧﯿﺮة زادت ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻻﺿﻄﺮاﺑﺎت اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﮫ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻐﺪة ﻣﻊ ﻗﻠﺔ اﻟﻮﻋﻲ ﻟﺪى اﻟﻨﺎس‬
‫ﺑﺄھﻤﯿﺔ ھﺬه اﻟﻐﺪة‬

‫‪ /3‬اﻵن وﺑﻌﺪ اﻻﻧﺘﮭﺎء ﻣﻦ ھﯿﻜﻠﺔ اﻷﻓﻜﺎر‪ ,‬ﺣﺎول ﺻﯿﺎﻏﺘﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻔﻘﺮة ﻣﺴﺘﻔﯿﺪًا ﻣﻦ أدوات اﻟﺮﺑﻂ اﻟﺘﻌﺮﯾﻔﯿﺔ‪ ,‬وﻣﺮاﻋﯿﺎ‬
‫ﺿﻮاﺑﻂ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻘﺮة‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻐﺪة اﻟﻨﺨﺎﻣﯿﺔ ﺳﯿﺪة اﻟﻐﺪد‪:‬‬

‫ﯾﺘﺄﻟﻒ ﺟﺴﻢ اﻻﻧﺴﺎن ﻣﻦ ﻋﺪة ﻏﺪد ﻣﺴﺆوﻟﮫ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺧﺎص ﻋﻦ اﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﮭﺮﻣﻮﻧﺎت واﻟﺘﻲ ﻣﻦ أھﻤﮭﺎ‪ :‬اﻟﻐﺪة اﻟﻨﺨﺎﻣﯿﺔ‪-‬ﺗﻌﺪ اﻟﻐﺪة‬
‫اﻟﺠﺰء اﻷھﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺟﺴﻢ اﻻﻧﺴﺎن ﻓﮭﻲ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻔﺮز ھﺮﻣﻮن اﻟﻨﻤﻮ واﻟﮭﺮﻣﻮن اﻟﻤﻨﺸﻂ ﻟﻠﻐﺪة اﻟﺪرﻗﯿﺔ وﺗﺴﺎھﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻧﺸﺎط اﻟﻐﺪد‬
‫اﻷﺧﺮى ﻟﻠﻐﺪد اﻟﻨﺨﺎﻣﯿﺔ وظﯿﻔﺔ ﻛﺒﺮى ﺑﺤﯿﺚ ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻓﺮاز اﻟﮭﺮﻣﻮﻧﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﺎھﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻘﻞ اﻟﻤﻮاد ﻣﻦ واﻟﻰ اﻟﮭﺪف ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫اﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﻦ أھﻤﯿﺔ اﻟﻐﺪة ووظﯿﻔﺘﮭﺎ اﻻ ان ﻟﮭﺎ ﺗﺮﻛﯿﺐ ﺻﻐﯿﺮ ﺟﺪا ﺣﺘﻰ اﺻﺒﺢ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء ﺑﺘﺸﺒﯿﮫ ﺑﺤﺒﺔ اﻟﺒﺎزﻻء ﻓﻲ اﻵوﻧﺔ اﻷﺧﯿﺮة‬
‫زادت اﻧﺘﺸﺎر اﻻﻣﺮاض اﻟﻨﺎﺟﻤﮫ ﻋﻦ اﺿﻄﺮاﺑﺎت ھﺮﻣﻮﻧﺎت اﻟﻐﺪة اﻟﻨﺨﺎﻣﯿﺔ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﻗﻠﺔ اﻟﻮﻋﻲ ﻟﺪى اﻻﻧﺴﺎن ﺑﺄھﻤﯿﺔ ھﺬه اﻟﻐﺪة‪.‬‬
‫‪12‬‬
 ‫ثالثا‪ -‬األسلوب التفسيري الشارح‬

‫• ﻓﻲ ﺿﻮء ﻣﺎ ﺗﻤﺖ دراﺳﺘﮫ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ‪ ,‬ﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﺧﻄﻮات اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺎ أﺣﺪ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت اﻵﺗﯿﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -‬أﻗﺴﺎم اﻟﻜﻼم اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬

‫‪ -‬طﺮﯾﻘﺔ إﻋﺪاد اﻟﻘﮭﻮة‬

‫‪ -‬اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻛﺘﺎب ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ اﻟﺴﻌﻮدﯾﺔ اﻟﺮﻗﻤﯿﺔ‬

‫‪ -‬أي ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻣﻦ اﺧﺘﯿﺎرك ﯾﻜﻮن ذا طﺒﯿﻌﺔ ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮﯾﺔ‬

‫‪ /1‬ﺣﺎول ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ اﻷﻓﻜﺎر ﺣﻮل ھﺬا اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام إﺣﺪى اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺠﯿﺎت اﻟﻌﺼﻒ اﻟﺬھﻨﻲ اﻟﺘﻲ درﺳﺘﮭﺎ‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻄﺮﯾﻘﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﯿﺔ ﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬

‫ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ اﻟﻄﺮﯾﻘﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﯿﺔ‪ ،‬ﺧﻄﻮاﺗﮭﺎ‪ ،‬ﻛﯿﻔﯿﺔ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‪ ،‬طﺮق اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‪..‬‬

‫‪ /2‬ھﯿﻜﻠﺔ اﻷﻓﻜﺎر‪:‬‬

‫اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ) اﻟﻄﺮﯾﻘﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﯿﺔ ﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ(‬

‫• اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎﺣﯿﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﻤﺪد اﻟﻄﺮﯾﻘﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﯿﺔ ﺑﻌﺪة ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻣﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺼﻮرة ﺻﺤﯿﺤﺔ ﻋﻠﻤﯿًﺎ‬

‫• اﻟﺠﻤﻞ اﻟﺪاﻋﻤﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ﯾﺠﺐ ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ اﻟﻤﺸﻜﻠﮫ اﻟﺘﻲ ﯾﺘﺤﺪث ﻋﻨﮭﺎ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ وﯾﺘﻢ اﻟﺘﻄﺮق ﻟﮭﺎ‪-‬‬
‫وﺿﻊ ﻓﺮﺿﯿﺎت او اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻت ﻟﻠﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ وﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻤﻜﻦ ان ﺗﻜﻮن واﺣﺪة ‪-‬‬
‫اﺳﺘﺨﻼص اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻨﮭﺎﺋﯿﮫ وﺗﻌﻤﯿﻤﮭﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻈﻤﮫ اﻟﻤﺴﺆوﻟﺔ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪-‬‬
‫•‬

‫اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﺨﺎﺗﻤﺔ‪ :‬ﻋﻨﺪ اﺗﺒﺎع ھﺬه اﻟﺨﻄﻮات ﺳﯿﻈﮭﺮ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻓﻲ ﺻﻮرة ﻋﻠﻤﯿﺔ ﻣﺘﻜﺎﻣﻠﮫ ﻟﺤﯿﺚ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻮﺛﯿﻘﮭﺎ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ‬ ‫•‬
‫اﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ وھﺬه ھﻲ ﻧﺘﯿﺠﺔ اﺗﺒﺎع ﺧﻄﻮات اﻟﻄﺮﯾﻘﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﯿﺔ‬

‫‪ /3‬اﻵن وﺑﻌﺪ اﻻﻧﺘﮭﺎء ﻣﻦ ھﯿﻜﻠﺔ اﻷﻓﻜﺎر‪ ,‬ﺣﺎول ﺻﯿﺎﻏﺘﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻔﻘﺮة ﻣﺴﺘﻔﯿﺪًا ﻣﻦ أدوات اﻟﺮﺑﻂ ذات اﻟﺼﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻷﺳﻠﻮب‬
‫اﻟﺘﻔﺴﯿﺮي ‪ ,‬وﻣﺮاﻋﯿﺎ ﺿﻮاﺑﻂ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻘﺮة‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻄﺮﯾﻘﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﯿﺔ ﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬

‫ﺗﻤﺪ اﻟﻄﺮﯾﻘﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﯿﺔ ﺑﻌﺪة ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻣﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺼﻮرة ﺻﺤﯿﺤﮫ ﻋﻠﻤﯿًﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺒﺪء ﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﯾﺠﺐ ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ اﻟﻤﺸﻜﻠﮫ‬
‫اﻟﺘﻲ ﻧﻘﻮم ﻋﻠﯿﮫ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ وﺳﯿﺘﻢ اﻟﺘﻄﺮق ﻟﮭﺎ وﺿﻊ ﻓﺮﺿﯿﺎت او اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻت ﻋﺪة ﻣﺸﺎﻛﻞ وﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻜﻮن واﺣﺪة ﻋﻨﺪ اﻻﻧﺘﮭﺎء‬
‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﻔﺮﺿﯿﺎت ﯾﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﯿﺎر اﻟﻔﺮﺿﯿﺎت وﻣﻦ ﺛﻢ اﺧﺘﯿﺎر اﻟﻔﺮﺿﯿﺔ اﻟﺼﺤﯿﺤﮫ واﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﺑﺤﻞ اﻟﻤﺸﻜﻠﮫ راﺑﻌﺎ اﺳﺘﺨﻼص اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬
‫وﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﮭﺎﯾﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ اﺗﺒﺎع ھﺬه اﻟﺨﻄﻮات ﺳﯿﻈﮭﺮ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻓﻲ ﺻﻮرة ﻋﻠﻤﯿﺔ ﻣﺘﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺑﺤﯿﺚ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻮﺛﯿﻘﮭﺎ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‪.‬‬
‫‪13‬‬
‫
‬
‫
‬
‫
‬
‫‪....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪......................................................................................................................................‬‬

‫رابعا‪ -‬األسلوب املقارن‬

‫• ﻓﻲ ﺿﻮء ﻣﺎ ﺗﻤﺖ دراﺳﺘﮫ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ‪ ,‬ﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﺧﻄﻮات اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻓﻘﺮة ﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻮاﺿﯿﻊ اﻵﺗﯿﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -‬أوﺟﮫ اﻟﺸﺒﮫ واﻻﺧﺘﻼف ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ واﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻓﺼﻮل اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ‬

‫‪ -‬أوﺟﮫ اﻟﺸﺒﮫ واﻻﺧﺘﻼف ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﺎت اﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﯿﺔ واﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﺎت اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ‬

‫‪ -‬أي ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻣﻦ اﺧﺘﯿﺎرك‬

‫‪ /1‬ﺣﺎول ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ اﻷﻓﻜﺎر ﺣﻮل ھﺬا اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام إﺣﺪى اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺠﯿﺎت اﻟﻌﺼﻒ اﻟﺬھﻨﻲ اﻟﺘﻲ درﺳﺘﮭﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪14‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.......................................................................... ..........................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪........................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪ /2‬ھﯿﻜﻠﺔ اﻷﻓﻜﺎر‪:‬‬

‫اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ) ‪( ..........................................................‬‬

‫• اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎﺣﯿﺔ‪......................................................................................................................... :‬‬
‫‪.......................................................................................................................‬‬

‫• اﻟﺠﻤﻞ اﻟﺪاﻋﻤﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪....................................................................................................................... -‬‬

‫‪....................................................................................................................... -‬‬

‫‪....................................................................................................................... -‬‬

‫‪....................................................................................................................... -‬‬

‫• اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺨﺎﺗﻤﺔ‪........................................................................................................................ :‬‬

‫‪ /3‬اﻵن وﺑﻌﺪ اﻻﻧﺘﮭﺎء ﻣﻦ ھﯿﻜﻠﺔ اﻷﻓﻜﺎر‪ ,‬ﺣﺎول ﺻﯿﺎﻏﺘﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻔﻘﺮة ﻣﺴﺘﻔﯿﺪًا ﻣﻦ أدوات اﻟﺮﺑﻂ اﻟﻤﻘﺎرﻧﺔ وﻋﺒﺎراﺗﮭﺎ‪,‬‬
‫وﻣﺮاﻋﯿﺎ ﺿﻮاﺑﻂ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻘﺮة‪.‬‬

‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................ ........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪15‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................‬‬

‫خامسا‪ -‬األسلوب السببي‬

‫ً‬

‫• ﻓﻲ ﺿﻮء ﻣﺎ ﺗﻤﺖ دراﺳﺘﮫ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ‪ ,‬ﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﺧﻄﻮات اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﺜﻼث ﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻓﻘﺮة اﻷﺳﻠﻮب اﻟﺴﺒﺒﻲ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﻮاﺿﯿﻊ اﻵﺗﯿﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ اﻟﻐﯿﺎب ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﺤﺎﺿﺮات ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﺪراﺳﻲ‬

‫‪ -‬آﺛﺎر اﻟﻮﺟﺒﺎت اﻟﺴﺮﯾﻌﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺼﺤﺔ‬

‫‪ -‬أﺳﺒﺎب اﻟﻨﺠﺎح ﻓﻲ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ اﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﯿﺔ‬

‫‪ -‬أي ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻣﻦ اﺧﺘﯿﺎرك‬

‫‪ /1‬ﺣﺎول ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ اﻷﻓﻜﺎر ﺣﻮل ھﺬا اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام إﺣﺪى اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺠﯿﺎت اﻟﻌﺼﻒ اﻟﺬھﻨﻲ اﻟﺘﻲ درﺳﺘﮭﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪16‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.......................................................................... ..........................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪........................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪ /2‬ھﯿﻜﻠﺔ اﻷﻓﻜﺎر‪:‬‬

‫اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ) ‪( ..........................................................‬‬

‫• اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎﺣﯿﺔ‪......................................................................................................................... :‬‬
‫‪.......................................................................................................................‬‬

‫• اﻟﺠﻤﻞ اﻟﺪاﻋﻤﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪....................................................................................................................... -‬‬

‫‪....................................................................................................................... -‬‬

‫‪....................................................................................................................... -‬‬

‫‪....................................................................................................................... -‬‬

‫• اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺨﺎﺗﻤﺔ‪........................................................................................................................ :‬‬

‫‪ /3‬اﻵن وﺑﻌﺪ اﻻﻧﺘﮭﺎء ﻣﻦ ھﯿﻜﻠﺔ اﻷﻓﻜﺎر‪ ,‬ﺣﺎول ﺻﯿﺎﻏﺘﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻔﻘﺮة ﻣﺴﺘﻔﯿﺪًا ﻣﻦ أدوات اﻷﺳﻠﻮب اﻟﺴﺒﺒﻲ وﻋﺒﺎراﺗﮫ‪,‬‬
‫وﻣﺮاﻋﯿﺎ ﺿﻮاﺑﻂ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻘﺮة‪.‬‬

‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................ ........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪17‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................‬‬

‫سادسا‪ -‬األسلوب السردي‬

‫ً‬

‫• ﻓﻲ ﺿﻮء ﻣﺎ ﺗﻤﺖ دراﺳﺘﮫ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ‪ ,‬ﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﺧﻄﻮات اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ واﺳﺮد أﺣﺪ اﻟﻤﻮاﺿﯿﻊ اﻵﺗﯿﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﻣﻮﻗﻒ أﺛﺮ ﻓﯿﻚ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﻣﺮرت ﺑﮭﺎ‬

‫‪ -‬ﯾﻮم ﻻ ﺗﻨﺴﺎه ﻓﻲ ﺣﯿﺎﺗﻚ‬

‫‪ -‬أي ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻣﻦ اﺧﺘﯿﺎرك ﯾﻜﻮن ذا طﺒﯿﻌﺔ ﺳﺮدﯾﺔ‬

‫‪ /1‬ﺣﺎول ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ اﻷﻓﻜﺎر ﺣﻮل ھﺬا اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام إﺣﺪى اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺠﯿﺎت اﻟﻌﺼﻒ اﻟﺬھﻨﻲ اﻟﺘﻲ درﺳﺘﮭﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪18‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.......................................................................... ..........................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪........................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪ /2‬ھﯿﻜﻠﺔ اﻷﻓﻜﺎر‪:‬‬

‫اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ) ‪( ..........................................................‬‬

‫• اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎﺣﯿﺔ‪......................................................................................................................... :‬‬
‫‪.......................................................................................................................‬‬

‫• اﻟﺠﻤﻞ اﻟﺪاﻋﻤﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪....................................................................................................................... -‬‬

‫‪....................................................................................................................... -‬‬

‫‪....................................................................................................................... -‬‬

‫‪....................................................................................................................... -‬‬

‫• اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺨﺎﺗﻤﺔ‪........................................................................................................................ :‬‬

‫‪ /3‬اﻵن وﺑﻌﺪ اﻻﻧﺘﮭﺎء ﻣﻦ ھﯿﻜﻠﺔ اﻷﻓﻜﺎر‪ ,‬ﺣﺎول ﺻﯿﺎﻏﺘﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻔﻘﺮة ﻣﺴﺘﻔﯿﺪًا ﻣﻦ أدوات اﻟﺮﺑﻂ ذات اﻟﺼﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻷﺳﻠﻮب‬
‫اﻟﺴﺮدي اﻟﺰﻣﺎﻧﻲ ‪ ,‬وﻣﺮاﻋﯿﺎ ﺿﻮاﺑﻂ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻘﺮة‪.‬‬

‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................ ........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪19‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................‬‬

‫سابعًا‪ -‬األسلوب اإلقناعي‬

‫• ﻓﻲ ﺿﻮء ﻣﺎ ﺗﻤﺖ دراﺳﺘﮫ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ‪ ,‬ﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﺧﻄﻮات اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ واﺻﻔًﺎ أﺣﺪ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت اﻵﺗﯿﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -‬اﻟﺘﻘﯿﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﺰي اﻟﺮﺳﻤﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬

‫‪ -‬اﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ اﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮﯾﺔ اﻹﻟﺰاﻣﯿﺔ‬

‫‪ -‬اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻷطﻔﺎل اﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬

‫‪ -‬أي ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻣﻦ اﺧﺘﯿﺎرك ﯾﻜﻮن ذا طﺒﯿﻌﺔ إﻗﻨﺎﻋﯿﺔ‬

‫‪ /1‬ﺣﺎول ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ اﻷﻓﻜﺎر ﺣﻮل ھﺬا اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام إﺣﺪى اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺠﯿﺎت اﻟﻌﺼﻒ اﻟﺬھﻨﻲ اﻟﺘﻲ درﺳﺘﮭﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪20‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.......................................................................... ..........................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪........................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪ /2‬ھﯿﻜﻠﺔ اﻷﻓﻜﺎر‪:‬‬

‫اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ) ‪( ..........................................................‬‬

‫• اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎﺣﯿﺔ‪......................................................................................................................... :‬‬
‫‪.......................................................................................................................‬‬

‫• اﻟﺠﻤﻞ اﻟﺪاﻋﻤﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪....................................................................................................................... -‬‬

‫‪....................................................................................................................... -‬‬

‫‪....................................................................................................................... -‬‬

‫‪....................................................................................................................... -‬‬

‫• اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺨﺎﺗﻤﺔ‪........................................................................................................................ :‬‬

‫‪ /3‬اﻵن وﺑﻌﺪ اﻻﻧﺘﮭﺎء ﻣﻦ ھﯿﻜﻠﺔ اﻷﻓﻜﺎر‪ ,‬ﺣﺎول ﺻﯿﺎﻏﺘﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻔﻘﺮة ﻣﺴﺘﻔﯿﺪًا ﻣﻦ أدوات اﻟﺮﺑﻂ اﻟﻤﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻷﺳﻠﻮب‬
‫اﻹﻗﻨﺎﻋﻲ ‪ ,‬وﻣﺮاﻋﯿﺎ ﺿﻮاﺑﻂ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻘﺮة‪.‬‬

‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................ ........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪21‬‬
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................

22