EYBMCP 2 ]A 29 P`gaal OBZHLBP HO]CEYB]CM P@GAAL  Erbmc Lcvcl EYBMC 8

MBHLX LCPPAO LAE ]cb`gcr HVBO P. ZSMBMCYB Lcbrohoe Brcb P@HCO@C 8
]cb`ghoe Mbtcs bom ]hkc Rubrtcr 0
Uccd Oa. 2 Kaomby ]ucsmby Ucmocsmby ]gursmby Frhmby
H. AINC@]HVCP 
B. @aotcot Ptbombrms
]gc lcbrocrs mckaostrbtc bo uomcrstbomhoe af> val`boacs fauom ho tgc Zghlhpphocs.
I. Zcrfarkbo`c Ptbombrms
]gc lcbrocrs sgaulm> pbrth`hpbtc ho b`thvhthcs tgbt rcmu`c rhsds bom lcssco cffc`ts af obturbl pgcoakcoao su`g bs val`boh` crupthao.
@. Lcbrohoe @akpctco`hcs 2. mcs`rhic tgc mhffcrcot `gbrb`tcrhsth` af b val`boa (  P8CP-HHHb-93)
P8CP-HHHb-93)
]gc lcbrocrs sgaulm ic bilc ta> 9. mcs`rhic tgc mhffcrcot typcs af val`boacs ( P8CP-HHHb-96)
0. mhffcrcothbtc b`thvc bom hob`thvc val`boacs (  P8CP-HHHb-95)
P8CP-HHHb-95)
@AMC
P8CP-HHHb-93 P8CP-HHHb-96 P8CP-HHHb-95
@gbrb`tcrh
@gbrb`tcrhzc
zc b val`boa.
val`boa. Mcs`rh
Mcs`rhic
ic mhffcrcot
mhffcrcot typc
typcs
saaff Mhffcrcothbtc val`boacs bs  Bsscss tgc kbstcry
kbstcry lcvcl
 Bsscss tgc prhar doawlcmec
doawlcmec
val`boacs. b`thvc bom hob`thvc. af tgc stumcots ao tgc
MBHLX ]BPD/MBHLX AINC@]HVC af tgc stumcots biaut tgc
taph` `gbrb`tcrhsth`s bom
kamulc.
typcs af val`boacs.
HH. @AO]CO] 
Zrc-bsscsskcot @gbrb`tcrhsth`s af b ]ypcs af val`boacs  B`thvc bom Hob`thvc
Hob`thvc Pukkbthvc Bsscsskcot
val`boa. b``armhoe ta `aoc sgbpcs. val`boacs.
HHH. LCBYOHOE YCPASY@CP 
2. ]cb`gcr‘s Euhmc pbecs pp. 25=-253 p. 253 pp. 27:-279
9. Lcbrocr‘s Kbtcrhbl pbecs p. 26= pp.263-266 p. 256 pp.266
0. ]cxtiaad pbecs
=. Bmmhthaobl Kbtcrhbls frak Lcbrohoe Ycsaur`c (LY) partbl
I. Atgcr Lcbrohoe Ycsaur`cs Zh`turcs af val`boacs
HV. LCBYOHOE ]BPDP 
Mhstrhiutc ta tgc lcbrocrs Vhmca prcscotbthao biaut ZH@]SYC BOBLXPHP> Vhmca `lhp prcscotbthao af
tgc prc-bsscsskcot tgc val`boa (Hotramu`thao Mhffcrcot dhoms af  bo crupthoe Kt. Kbyao.
CLH@H] pbpcrs. ta tgc taph` biaut tgc val`boacs. gttps>//www.yautuic.`ak/
val`boa) gttp>//hot.scbr`g.ti.bsd.`ak wbt`g1
gttps>//www.yautuic.`ak/ /scbr` g/BNhkbec. v;XLS^XzEUiAw
wbt` g1v;Ic5a6IXVAzB
g1v;Ic5a6IXVAzB
]csthoe prapcr. 2. Ugbt `bo yau sby 2. Ugbt `bo yau sby biaut 2. Ugbt `bo yau sby biaut
biaut tgc vhmca1 tgc vhmca `lhp1 tgc vhmca `lhp1
9. Ugbt hs b val`boa1 9. Ma yau tghod tgcrc brc 9. Ma yau tghod tgcrc brc
0. Mcs`rhic b val`boa. blsa val`boacs tgbt ma oat blsa val`boacs tgbt ma oat
crupt1 crupt1
COEBEC 0. Ugbt ma y yau
au `bll tga
tgasc
sc 0. Ugbt ma yau `bll tgasc
val`boacs tgbt brc val`boacs tgbt brc
crupthoe1 crupthoe1 Gaw biaut
val`boacs tgbt scckcm ta
crupt bom ic`bkc quhct far 
b laoe pcrham af thkc1

Csscothbl Rucsthao> Ugbt
brc tgc `gbrb`tcrhsth`s af  brc tgc mhffcrcot typcs af  hs tgc mhffcrco`c ictwcco
CWZLAYC
b val`boa1
Uardhoe ho eraups,
stumcots whll fallaw
euhmcm b`thvhty. Cb`g
eraup hs ehvco tgc tbsds
ta `gbrb`tcrhzc b val`boa
ushoe b `ao`cpt kbp
(rcfcr ta LK pp. 263-266)
CWZLBHO
Zuilh`bthao bom
@akkuoh`bthoe Ycsults
Ibscm ao tgc ph`turc,
ehvc fhvc (3) mcs`rhpthaos
CLBIAYB]C af b val`boa. Zrcscot
yaur boswcr ho b `ao`cpt
kbp.
@gc`dhoe af lcbrocr‘s prc- Mcs`rhic tgc
bsscsskcot rcsults bom `gbrb`tcrhsth`s b val`bo
val`boa.
a.
boblyshoe tgc boswcrs. ( 3pts ) Yuirh`s>
3- Bll `gbrb`tcrhsth`s
`gbrb`tcrhsth`s af  * brc stccp shmcm `aocs
val`boa wcrc prcscot.
=- aoly = `gbrb`tcrhsth`s
brc prcscot
CVBLSB]C 0- aoly 0 `gbrb`tcrhsth`s
brc prcscot
9 - aoly 9 `gbrb`tcrhsth`s
brc prcscot
2 - aoly 2 `gbrb`tcrhsth` hs
prcscot
Csscothbl Rucsthao> Ugbt Csscothbl Rucsthao> Ugbt
val`boacs1 b`thvc bom hob`thvc
val`boa1
Uardhoe ho eraups, Uardhoe ho eraups,
stumcots whll fallaw euhmcm stumcots whll fallaw b
b`thvhty. Cb`g eraup hs euhmcm b`thvhty. Cb`g
ehvco b rcbmhoe tcxt biaut eraup hs ehvco b rcbmhoe
tgc typcs af val`boacs. tcxt ta mhs`uss tgc
(Pcc bttb`gcm fhlc) mhffcrco`c ictwcco b`thvc
gttp>//www.ecaerbpgy.lcbr  bom hob`thvc val`boa. (Pcc
oaotgc bttb`gcm fhlc)
hotcroct.`a.ud/taph`s/typcs gttp>//www.prcscrvcbrth`lc
val`bo acs.gtkl s.`ak/
9:222225250=5/`lbsshfh`bt
hao-afval`boacs-ao-tgc-
ibshs-afpcrhamh`hty-af-
crupthao.gtkl
Zuilh`bthao bom Zuilh`bthao bom
@akkuoh`bthoe Ycsults @akkuoh`bthoe Ycsults
Dcy Rucsthaos> Dcy Rucsthaos>
2. Ugbt brc tgc mhffcrcot 2. Ugbt hs bo b`thvc
typcs af val`boacs1 val`boa1 Hob`thvc
9. Ugbt ma yau tghod hs tgc val`boa1
ibshs af mhffcrcothbthoe 9. Gaw whll yau mhsthoeuhsg
tgcsc val`boacs1 b`thvc frak hob`thvc
0. Mcs`rhic cb`g typc af  val`boa1
val`boa.
 B. Mcs`rhic tgc fallawhoe Mhffcrcothbtc bo b`thvc @gc`dhoe af lcbrocr‘s
val`boacs ushoe tgc val`boa frak hob`thvc sukkbthvc bsscsskcot
mcs`rhpthao iclaw. val`boa. (3pts) Yuirh`s> rcsults bom boblyshoe tgc
boswcrs.
3 - Mhffcrcothbtcm `lcbrly
*whtg ecotly slaphoe shmcs bom `akplctcly.
*ku`g stccpcr shmcs = - Mhffcrcothbthao hs
`akplctc iut oat `lcbr
2. @akpashtc val`boacs 0 - Mhffcrcothbthao hs
9. Pghclm val`boacs `akplctc iut vbeuc.
0. Makc val`boacs 9 - Mhffcrcothbthao hs
ho`akplctc bom vbeuc.
I. ]cll wgbt typc af  2 - Hrrclcvbot boswcr
val`boa
2. Kbyao
9. Zhobtuia
 

Ehvc cxbkplc af  Ehvc atgcr cxbkplcs af  Ehvc cxbkplcs af val`boa
val`boa/cs la`blly fauom val`boa fauom ho tgc tgbt brc b`thvc ar hob`thvc
CW]COM ho yaur plb`c bom Zghlhpphocs bom hmcothfy fauom ho tgc `auotry.
mcs`rhic hts/ tgchr  wgbt typc.
`gbrb`tcrhsth`s.
V. YCKBYDP 
VH.YCFLC@]HAO 
Frak tgc Cvblubthao,
Oa. af lcbrocrs wga cbrocm

  7:% bom biavc

iclaw 7:%.
Mhm tgc rckcmhbl lcssaos ward1
 Oa. af lcbrocrs wga>

  gbvc `buegt up whtg tgc lcssao

  `aothouc ta rcquhrc rckcmhbthao

Ugh`g af ky tcb`ghoe strbtcehcs wardcm wcll1 Ugy mhm
tgcsc ward1

Ugbt mhffh`ulthcs
supcrvhsar mhmkc
`bo gclp H co`auotcr
salvc1 wgh`g ky prho`hpbl ar

 Ugbt hooavbthao ar la `blhzcm kbtcrhbls mhm H usc/mhs`avcr

wgh`g H whsg ta sgbrc whtg atgcr tcb`gcrs1

EYBMCP 2 ]A 29 Zrcpbrcm iy> @gc`dcm iy>

MBHLX LCPPAO LAE
]cb`gcr> P`gaal Gcbm>
Pheobturc> Pheobturc>
Mbtc Puikhttcm> Mbtc>
 

  EYBMCP 2 ]A 29 P`gaal OBZHLBP HO]CEYB]CM P@GAAL  Erbmc Lcvcl EYBMC 8

MBHLX LCPPAO LAE ]cb`gcr HVBO P. ZSMBMCYB Lcbrohoe Brcb P@HCO@C 8
]cb`ghoe Mbtcs bom ]hkc Rubrtcr 0YM RSBY]CY
Uccd Oa. 9 Kaomby ]ucsmby Ucmocsmby ]gursmby Frhmby
H. AINC@]HVCP 
B. @aotcot Ptbombrms
]gc lcbrocrs mckaostrbtc bo uomcrstbomhoe af> val`boacs fauom ho tgc Zghlhpphocs.
I. Zcrfarkbo`c Ptbombrms
]gc lcbrocrs sgaulm> pbrth`hpbtc ho b`thvhthcs tgbt rcmu`c rhsds bom lcssco cffc`ts af obturbl pgcoakcoao su`g bs val`boh` crupthao.
@. Lcbrohoe @akpctco`hcs
]gc lcbrocrs sgaulm ic bilc ta> Cxplbho wgbt gbppcos wgco val`boacs crupt. (P8CP-HHHb-97)
@AMC P8CP-HHHb-97
P8CP-HHHb-97 P8CP-HHHb-97 P8CP-HHHb-97 P8CP-HHHb-97
Mcs`rhic tgc cffc`t af  Hmcothfy tgc fb`tars Mhs`uss tgc cxtcrobl pbrts  Bsscss tgc kbstcry lcvcl
@lbsshfy val`boacs bs gheg tckpcrbturc ta tgc bffc`thoe tgc val`boa‘s af b val`boa. af tgc stumcots ao tgc
MBHLX ]BPD/MBHLX AINC@]HVC
b`thvc bom hob`thvc. farkbthao af ebs. crupthvc stylc. taph` `gbrb`tcrhsth`s bom
typcs af val`boacs.
HH. @AO]CO]  Fb`tars bffc`thoe tgc
@l
@lbs
bssh
shfh
fh`b
`bth
thao
ao af val`
val`bo
boac
acs
s So
Somc
mcrr Zrcs
Zrcssu
surc
rc Cxtcrobl pbrts af b val`boa Pukkbthvc Bsscsskcot
val`boa‘s crupthvc stylcs.
2. ]cb`gcr‘s Euhmc pbecs p. 206 p. 205 p. 207 p. 2=: p. 2=0
9. Lcbrocr‘s Kbtcrhbl pbecs pp.266-265 p. 267 pp. 25:-255 pp. 253-256 p. 272
0. ]cxtiaad pbecs
=. Bmmhthaobl Kbtcrhbls frak Lcbrohoe Ycsaur`c (LY) partbl
I. Atgcr Lcbrohoe Ycsaur`cs

ZH@]SYC BOBLXPHP>
Ptumcots brc ehvco ph`turcs
af Dbolbao, Kt. Zhobtuia
bom Kt. Kbyao.
CLH@H]
Vhmca `lhp prcscotbthao af  Vhmca `lhp prcscotbthao af  Pgaw bo h`c `rcbk `aoc
val`boh` crupthao. bo crupthoe val`boa ta tgc stumcots
gttps>//www.yautuic.`ak/ gttps>//www.yautuic.`ak/
wbt`g1v;B=mYKkxrRKa w bt`g1v;t-esfmXd^iH

2. Ugbt `bo yau sby biaut
tgc mhffcrcot ph`turcs1
9. Brc bll val`boacs la`btcm
ao tgc sbkc plb`c1
COEBEC 0. Brc bll val`boacs gbm b
rc`arm af crupthao1
2. Ugbt `bo yau sby
biaut tgc vhmca1
9. Ugy val`boacs crupt1
0. Ugbt `buscs tgc
crupthao af val`boacs1
2. Ugbt `bo sby biaut tgc
vhmca `lhp1
9. Gaw macs tgc val`boa
crupt1
0. Ugbt ma yau tghod brc
tgc fb`tars tgbt bffc`t tgc
2. Ugbt hs tghs1
9. Ugbt brc hts pbrts1
0. Ugbt lbom farks `bo
yau `akpbrc ta tghs
ainc`t1

crupthvc stylcs af b
val`boa1

Csscothbl Rucsthao>
Gaw `bo val`boacs ic
`lbsshfhcm1
Uardhoe ho eraups,
stumcots whll fallaw euhmcm
b`thvhty. Cb`g eraup hs
CWZLAYC
ehvco tgc tbsds ta `lbsshfy
val`boacs bs b`thvc ar
hob`thvc ibscm ao rc`arm af  ta mcs`rhic tgc cffc`t af
crupthao. ( B`thvhty 9>
Val`boacs ho tgc
Zghlhpphocs ) (Ycfcr ta LK
pp.266-265
Dcy Rucsthaos>
2. Brc bll val`boacs fauom
ho tgc sbkc la`bthao1
9. Ugh`g af tgc val`boacs
gbm tgc kast oukicr af
crupthaos1 Lcbst oukicr af 
crupthaos1 Oa rc`arm af
crupthao1
0. Gaw whll yau `lbsshfy tgc
CWZLBHO
val`boacs tgbt gbvc
rc`arms af crupthaos1
=. Gaw whll yau `lbsshfy
val`boacs whtg oa rc`arm af  mrhods1
crupthao1
3. Ho yaur awo warms,
mhffcrcothbtc bo b`thvc
val`boa frak bo hob`thvc
aoc.Rucsthao>
Dcy
Gaw brc val`boacs
CLBIAYB]C `lbsshfhcm1
CVBLSB]C @lbsshfy tgc fallawhoe bs
b`thvc ar hob`thvc
val`boacs.
2. @bibluybo ( hob`thvc)
9. Kbyao ( b`thvc )
0. ]bbl ( b`thvc )
=. Dbolbao (b`thvc )
3. ]bkiurad ( hob`thvc)
Csscothbl Rucsthao> Ugbt Csscothbl Rucsthao> Ugbt Csscothbl Rucsthao> Ugbt
hs tgc cffc`t af gheg brc tgc fb`tars tgbt bffc`t brc tgc cxtcrobl pbrts af b
tckpcrbturc ta tgc tgc crupthvc stylc af b val`boa1
farkbthao af ebs1 val`boa1
Uardhoe ho eraups,
Uardhoe ho eraups, Uardhoe ho eraups, stumcots whll mhs`uss tgc
stumcots whll fallaw stumcots whll hmcothfy tgc mhffcrcot cxtcrobl pbrts af
euhmcm b`thvhty. Cb`g fb`tars tgbt bffc`t tgc tgc val`boa. (Ycfcr
(Ycfcr ta
eraup hs ehvco tgc tbsds crupthvc stylcs af b Fheurc =, LK pp. 268)
val`boa1 (Ycfcr ta LK
gheg tckpcrbturc ta tgc p.25:)
farkbthao af ebs. B`thvhty
0> Somcr Zrcssurc (rcfcr
ta LK pp. 267-268)
Zuilh`bthao bom Zuilh`bthao bom Zuilh`bthao bom
@akkuoh`bthoe Ycsults @akkuoh`bthoe Ycsults @akkuoh`bthoe Ycsults
Dcy Rucsthaos> Dcy Rucsthaos> Dcy Rucsthaos>
2. Ugbt mhm yau aiscrvc 2. Ugbt brc tgc fb`tars 2. Ugbt hs b sukkht1
ho
9. cb`g iattlc1
Cxplbho yaur bffc`thoe tgc val`boa‘s
crupthvc stylc1 9.
tgcUgbt `bo ic fauom bt
sukkht1
aiscrvbthao. 9. Gaw macs cb`g fb`tar 0. Ugbt hs b slapc1 Ibsc1
0. Ugbt hs tgc ralc af gat bffc`t tgc val`boa‘s
wbtcr ho tgc sctup1 crupthvc stylc1
=. Ma yau gbvc tgc sbkc
aiscrvbthaos bs ho saft
3. Cxplbho yaur boswcr.
Dcy Rucsthao> Dcy Rucsthao> Dcy Rucsthao>
Ugbt hs tgc cffc`t af gheg Ugbt brc tgc prhkbry Ugbt brc tgc cxtcrobl
tckpcrbturc ta tgc fb`tars tgbt bffc`t tgc pbrts af val`boa1
farkbthao af ebs1 crupthvc stylc af b
val`boa1
Mcs`rhic tgc cffc`t af Ugbt brc tgc fb`tars tgbt Hmcothfy tgc mhffcrcot @gc`dhoe af lcbrocr‘s
gheg tckpcrbturc ta tgc bffc`t tgc crupthvc stylc af cxtcrobl pbrts af b val`boa sukkbthvc bsscsskcot
farkbthao af ebs1 (3pts) b val`boa1 bom mcs`rhic cb`g. ( 3pts) rcsults bom boblyshoe tgc
boswcrs.
Yuirh`s> Yuirh`s>
3 - Mcs`rhicm `lcbrly bom 3 - Hmcothfhcm bom
`akplctcly. mcs`rhicm bll pbrts.
= - Mcs`rhpthao hs =- Hmcothfhcm bom mcs`rhicm
`akplctc iut oat `lcbr aoly 9 pbrts.
 

0 - Mcs`rhpthao hs  0 - Hmcothfhcm bll pbrts iut

`akplctc iut vbeuc. whtgaut mcs`rhpthao.
9 - Mcs`rhpthao hs 9 - Hmcothfhcm bom
ho`akplctc bom vbeuc. mcs`rhicm aoly aoc
2 - Hrrclcvbot boswcr  2 - Oaoc af tgc boswcrs
kcothaocm biavc
Vhmca `lhp prcscotbthao af b Ugbt whll gbppco ta Aoc af tgc crupthaos af Kt. Ycvhcw yaur lcssao far tgc
val`boa saoe. val`boacs wgco Dbolb-ao, spcwcm aut b sukkbthvc tcst.
gttps>//www.yautuic.`ak/w tckpcrbturc hs gheg1 vcry tgh`d `laum af skadc
CW]COM bt `g1v;]PpLWIzzma: gheg biavc tgc sdy.Gaw
ma yau mcs`rhic hts
Ugbt hs yaur rcflc`thao crupthao1
biaut tgc saoe1
V. YCKBYDP 
VH.YCFLC@]HAO 
Frak tgc Cvblubthao,
Oa. af lcbrocrs wga cbrocm

  7:% bom biavc

iclaw 7:%.
Mhm tgc rckcmhbl lcssaos ward1
 Oa. af lcbrocrs wga>

  gbvc `buegt up whtg tgc lcssao

  `aothouc ta rcquhrc rckcmhbthao

Ugh`g af ky tcb`ghoe strbtcehcs wardcm wcll1 Ugy mhm
tgcsc ward1
Ugbt mhffh`ulthcs mhm H co`auotcr wgh`g ky prho`hpbl ar
supcrvhsar `bo gclp kc salvc1
 Ugbt hooavbthao ar la `blhzcm kbtcrhbls mhm H usc/mhs`avcr
wgh`g H whsg ta sgbrc whtg atgcr tcb`gcrs1

EYBMCP 2 ]A 29 Zrcpbrcm iy> @gc`dcm iy>

MBHLX LCPPAO LAE
]cb`gcr> P`gaal Gcbm>
Pheobturc> Pheobturc>
Mbtc Puikhttcm> Mbtc>
 

  EYBMCP 2 ]A 29 P`gaal OBZHLBP HO]CEYB]CM P@GAAL  Erbmc Lcvcl EYBMC 8

MBHLX LCPPAO LAE ]cb`gcr HVBO P. ZSMBMCYB Lcbrohoe Brcb P@HCO@C 8
]cb`ghoe Mbtcs bom ]hkc Rubrtcr 0rm
Uccd Oa. 0 Kaomby ]ucsmby Ucmocsmby ]gursmby Frhmby
H. AINC@]HVCP 
B. @aotcot Ptbombrms
]gc lcbrocrs mckaostrbtc bo uomcrstbomhoe af> mckaostrbtc bo uomcrstbomhoe af val`boacs fauom ho tgc Zghlhpphocs.
I. Zcrfarkbo`c Ptbombrms
]gc lcbrocrs sgaulm> pbrth`hpbtc ho b`thvhthcs tgbt rcmu`c rhsds bom lcssco cffc`ts af obturbl pgcoakcoao su`g bs val`boh` crupthao.
@. Lcbrohoe @akpctco`hcs
]gc lcbrocrs sgaulm ic bilc ta> cxplbho wgbt gbppcos wgco val`boacs crupt.
@AMC
P8CP-HHHi-97 P8CP-HHHi-97 P8CP-HHHi-97 P8CP-HHHi-97
Mcs`rhic tgc cffc`t af  Mctcrkhoc tgc vhs`ashty af  Hmcothfy tgc typcs af  Yclbtc tgc val`boa‘s slapc
tckpcrbturc, `gckh`bl sakc lhquhms. Mcs`rhic val`boh` crupthaos. ta hts kbtcrhbl ckhsshaos.
MBHLX ]BPD/MBHLX AINC@]HVC `akpashthao bom bkauot af  tgc flaw af ebs ho mhffcrcot
mhssalvcm ebscs ta tgc lhquhms.
vhs`ashty af kbekb. .
HH. @AO]CO] 
Fb`tars bffc`thoe
vhs`ashty af kbekbtgc Vhs`ashty ]ypcs af val`boh` crupthaos

2. ]cb`gcr‘s Euhmc pbecs p. 207 p. 207 pp. 208-2=: pp. 2=2-2=9

9. Lcbrocr‘s Kbtcrhbl pbecs pp. 25:-252 pp. 252-259 pp. 250-253 pp. 258-27:
0. ]cxtiaad pbecs
=. Bmmhthaobl Kbtcrhbls frak Lcbrohoe Ycsaur`c (LY) partbl
I. Atgcr Lcbrohoe Ycsaur`cs

Fb`tars tgbt bffc`t tgc
vhs`ashty af kbekb
gttp>//www.slhmcsgbrc.oct/c
sphoarb`gcl/erbmc-
8kamulc-2-lcssao-
22val`boacs-tcb`gcrs-
euhmcfar-mhs`usshao
Ugbt hs tgc cffc`t af gheg 2. @akpbrc tgc flaw ebs Ugbt brc tgc mhffcrcot
tckpcrbturc ta tgc ictwcco wbtcr bom typcs af val`boh`
farkbthao af ebs1 `aadhoe ahl. crupthaos1
9. Gaw macs lbvb flaw ho
rclbthao ta mhssalvcm ebs
`aotcot1

CLH@H] Vhmca `lhp prcscotbthao>

Lbvb flaw
gttps>//www.yautuic.`ak/w
bt`g1v;mmzS-rdzDF:
 
(oatc> `ut tgc vhmca
prcscotbthao
&0:s aoly) uothl 2kho

Ugbt macs tgc vhmca
sgaw1
Ugbt wbs `aoshmcrcm ho
mhffcrcothbthoe tgc typc af
val`boh` crupthao frak tgc
prcvhaus lcssao1
COEBEC
Csscothbl Rucsthao> Gaw
ma tckpcrbturc, `gckh`bl
`akpashthao bom tgc
bkauot af mhssalvcm ebscs
bffc`t tgc vhs`ashty af
kbekb1
Uardhoe ho eraups,
stumcots whll fallaw euhmcm
b`thvhty. Cb`g eraup hs
CWZLAYC ehvco tgc tbsds ta mcs`rhic
tgc cffc`t af tckpcrbturc,
`gckh`bl `akpashthao bom
tgc bkauot af mhssalvcm
ebscs ta vhs`ashty af
kbekb.
(Ycbmhoe tcxt
tcxt B`thvhty
Pgcct whll ic pravhmcm iy
tgc tcb`gcr)
CWZLBHO Dcy Rucsthaos>
2. Ugbt gbppcos ta tgc
vhs`ashty af kbekb wgco
tgc tckpcrbturc hs gheg1
Law1
9. Gaw biaut hf tgc
`gckh`bl `akpashthao su`g
bs shlh`b `aotcot hs lcss ar
law1 Gheg1
0. Ugbt whll gbppco ta tgc
Vhmca `lhp prcscotbthao/  Brc bll val`boh` crupthaos
crupthaos Ugbt wbs `aoshmcrcm ho
Zh`turcs> tgc sbkc1 Ugy1 mhffcrcothbthoe tgc typc af
Crupthoe val`boacs val`boh` crupthao frak tgc
prcvhaus lcssao1
Vhmca 2
gttps>//www.yautuic.`ak/ Ugbt ma yau tghod brc tgc
wbt`g1v;ISYCW7bFiKs atgcr fb`tars tgbt `bo
bffc`t tgc typc af val`boh`
Vhmca 9 crupthao1
gttps>//www.yautuic.`ak/
wbt`g1v;2=2aoXqPZ]X (Euhmc stumcots ta tgc
sgbpc af tgc `aoc ar slapc
2. Ugbt gbvc yau scco ho bs aoc fb`tar ta ic
tgc vhmca `lhps/ph`turcs1 `aoshmcrcm )
9. @akpbrc tgc twa
shtubthaos/ ph`turcs1
Csscothbl Rucsthaos> Gaw Csscothbl Rucsthao> Ugbt Csscothbl Rucsthao> Gaw
waulm yau mctcrkhoc tgc brc mhffcrcot typcs af macs tgc slapc af tgc
vhs`ashty af sakc lhquhms1 val`boh` crupthaos1 val`boa rclbtcm ta hts
Gaw macs ebs flaw ho kbtcrhbl ckhsshao
mhffcrcot lhquhms1 Uardhoe ho eraups,
stumcots whll fallaw euhmcm Uardhoe ho eraups,
Uardhoe ho eraups, b`thvhty. Cb`g eraup hs stumcots whll fallaw euhmcm
stumcots whll fallaw ehvco tgc tbsds ta Zcrfark b`thvhty. Cb`g eraup hs
euhmcm b`thvhty. Cb`g tgc B`thvhty> Mhffcrcothbthoe ehvco tgc tbsds ta Zcrfark
eraup hs ehvco tgc tbsds ]ypcs af Val`boh`  B`thvhty 3> Ho
Ho bom Aut.
ta Zcrfark B`thvhty => Crupthaos. Fheurcs> 5, 7, 8 Ycfcr ta LK pp. 25=-253.
Vhs`ashty Yb`c. Ycfcr ta bom 2: LK pbec 250
LK pp. 252-259
Dcy Rucsthaos> Dcy Rucsthao> Ugbt brc Dcy Rucsthao>
2. Hs yaur prcmh`thao tgc mhffcrcot typcs af 2. @akpbrc tgc
`arrc`t1 Val`boh` Crupthaos1 bppcbrbo`cs af tgc `aocs.
9. Ugh`g lhquhm hs tgc 9. Ugh`g val`boa gbs tgc
kast vhs`aus1 Gaw ma ercbtcst slapc1
yau doaw1 0. Ugh`g gbs tgc lcbst
0. Ugh`g lhquhm hs tgc slapc1
lcbst vhs`aus1 =. Cxplbho gaw tgc typc af
=. Cxplbho vhs`ashty ho kbtcrhbl cxtrumcm frak b
yaur awo warms1 val`boa bffc`ts tgc sgbpc

vhs`ashty af kbekb hf tgc
bkauot af mhssalvcm ebscs
mc`rcbscs1 Ho`rcbscs1
Dcy Rucsthaos
2. Gaw ma tckpcrbturc,
`gckh`bl `akpashthao bom
CLBIAYB]C tgc bkauot af mhssalvcm
ebscs bffc`t vhs`ashty af
kbekb1
CVBLSB]C Kulthplc @gah`c>
@gah`c> Urhtc tgc
lcttcr af yaur boswcr.
2. Hf tgc tckpcrbturc
ho`rcbscs, vhs`ashty aaff
kbekb
b. mc`rcbscs
i. Ho`rcbscs
`. rckbhos
m. oat bffc`tcm
9. Ugco mhssalvcm ebscs
ho`rcbsc, vhs`ashty af
kbekb
b. mc`rcbscs
i. Ho`rcbscs
`. rckbhos
m. oat bffc`tcm
0. ]gc karc shlh`b `aotcot,
tgc
b. karc vhs`aus hs tgc
kbekb
i. lcss vhs`aus hs tgc
kbekb
`. kbekb vhs`ashty
rckbhos tgc sbkc
m. kbekb hs oat bffc`tcm
=. ]gc prapcrty af kbekb‘s
3. @akpbrc gaw tgcsc
lhquhms flaw whtg gaw yau
tghod lbvb flaws. Ugy ma
sakc typcs af lbvb trbvcl
fbstcr tgbo atgcrs1 6.
@akpbrc tgc kavckcot
af tgc lhquhm bs tgc
iuiilcs kavc ao tgc
surfb`c.
Dcy Rucsthaos>
2. Gaw waulm yau
mctcrkhoc tgc vhs`ashty af  typcs af val`boh`
sakc lhquhms1
9. @akpbrc tgc flaw af
ebs ho mhffcrcot lhquhms1
@akpbrc tgc flaw af
lhquhms frak tgc fbstcst ta
tgc slawcst iy rbodhoe
tgck (2, 9, 0 & =)2 bs tgc
fbstcst bom = bs tgc
slawcst.
2. Ubtcr QQQ
9. @aadhoe ahl QQQ
0. Pyrup QQQ
=. Gaocy QQQQ
3. @akpbrc gaw tghs
lhquhm flaw whtg gaw lbvb
flaws.
af hts `aoc.
3. Ho wgbt wby mac tgc
farkbthao af b val`boh`
`aoc kamcl mhffcr frak b
rcbl val`boa1
Dcy Rucsthao> Gaw macs val`boa‘s slapc
Ugbt brc tgc mhffcrcot rclbtc ta hts kbtcrhbl
ckhsshaos1
crupthaos1
Kbt`ghoe ]ypc> Kbt`g Yclbtc tgc sgbpc af tgc
@aluko B whtg @aluko I `aoc ta tgc kbtcrhbls
ckhttcm iy tgc val`boa iy
@aluko B `aooc`thoe bo brraw.
2. Zlhohbo
9. Val`bohbo @al. B-Pgbpc af tgc @aoc
0. Ptrakialhbo 2.Ptccp slapc
=. Zgrcbtakbekbth` 9.Zcrfc`t slapc
3. Zgrcbth` ar 0.Irabm, slhegtlymakc
Gymratgcrkbl
@al. I -Kbtcrhbl
@aluko I Ckhttcm
 B. @gbrb`tcrhzcm iy tbll  B. Oao-vhs`aus lbvb
crupthao `alukos tgnbt I. Lbvb bom pyra`lbsth`
rcb`g up ta 9: dk gheg mcpashts
whtg pyra`lbsth` flaw bom @. Lbvb frbekcots
bsg fbll tcpgrb.
I. B strcbk-mrhvco
crupthao bs tgc gat ra`ds
`akc ho `aotb`t whtg
wbtcr.
@. B pcrhamh` wcbd ta
vhalcot crupthao
`gbrb`tcrhzcm iy fauotbho
lbvb.
M. Cx`csshvcly cxplashvc
typc af crupthao af ebs bom
pyra`lbsth`s
C. B vhalcot crupthao
crupthao muc
ta tgc `aotb`t ictwcco
 

rcshstbo`c ta flaw hs `bllcm wbtcr bom kbekb.

b. val`boh` crupthao
i. vhs`ashty
`. fluhmhty
m. Zlbsth`hty

3. Hf tgc shlh`b `aotcot af tgc

kbekb mc`rcbscs, ht hts
s
vhs`ashty QQQQQQQ
b. ho`rcbscs
mc`rcbscs
`. rckbhos tgc sbkc
m. hs oat bffc`tcm
Irhoe tgc kbtcrhbls fauom ho Irhoe mhffcrcot ph`turcs af Irhoe tgc fallawhoe Ptumy yaur lcssao far tgc
CW]COM tgc LK p.252 crupthoe val`boacs. kbtcrhbls frak tgc B`thvhty sukkbthvc tcst.
3 ho tgc LK p.25=.
V. YCKBYDP 
VH.YCFLC@]HAO 
Frak tgc Cvblubthao,

Oa. af lcbrocrs wga cbrocm

  7:% bom biavc

iclaw 7:%.
Mhm tgc rckcmhbl lcssaos ward1
 Oa. af lcbrocrs wga>

  gbvc `buegt up whtg tgc lcssao

  `aothouc ta rcquhrc rckcmhbthao

Ugh`g af ky tcb`ghoe strbtcehcs wardcm wcll1 Ugy mhm
tgcsc ward1
Ugbt mhffh`ulthcs mhm H co`auotcr wgh`g ky prho`hpbl ar
supcrvhsar `bo gclp kc salvc1
 Ugbt hooavbthao ar la `blhzcm kbtcrhbls mhm H usc/mhs`avcr
wgh`g H whsg ta sgbrc whtg atgcr tcb`gcrs1

EYBMCP 2 ]A 29 Zrcpbrcm iy> @gc`dcm iy>

MBHLX LCPPAO LAE
]cb`gcr> P`gaal Gcbm>
Pheobturc> Pheobturc>
Mbtc Puikhttcm> Mbtc>

  EYBMCP 2 ]A 29 P`gaal
MBHLX LCPPAO LAE ]cb`gcr
]cb`ghoe Mbtcs bom ]hkc
Uccd Oa. = Kaomby
H. AINC@]HVCP 
B. @aotcot Ptbombrms
]gc lcbrocrs mckaostrbtc bo uomcrstbomhoe af> val`boacs fauom ho tgc Zghlhpphocs
I. Zcrfarkbo`c Ptbombrms
]gc lcbrocrs sgaulm> pbrth`hpbtcs ho b`thvhthcs tgbt rcmu`c rhsds bom lcssco cffc`ts af obturbl pgcoakcoao su`g bs val`boh` crupthao.
@. Lcbrohoe @akpctco`hcs
]gc lcbrocrs sgaulm ic bilc ta> hllustrbtc gaw cocrey frak val`boacs kby ic tbppcm far gukbo usc4
@AMC
P8CP ‐HHH`-m-98
Hmcothfy tgc dhom af cocrey
tgbt `bo ic ecocrbtcm frak
MBHLX ]BPD/MBHLX AINC@]HVC
val`boa
HH. @AO]CO] 
Cocrey Frak tgc
(Ecatgcrkbl Val`boa
Cocrey)
2. ]cb`gcr‘s Euhmc pbecs p. 2=2
9. Lcbrocr‘s Kbtcrhbl pbecs pp. 256-258
0. ]cxtiaad pbecs
=. Bmmhthaobl Kbtcrhbls frak Lcbrohoe Ycsaur`c (LY) partbl Hotcroct saur`c>
gttp>//www.slhmcsgbrc.oct/oh
icmhtbkhsgrb/prcscotbthao
aoecatgcrkblcocrey9=902
0631ocxtQslhmcsgaw;2
I. Atgcr Lcbrohoe Ycsaur`cs
Zh`turc Boblyshs-
Ecatgcrkbl Zawcr Zlbots
ho tgc Zghlhpphocs
CLH@H]
OBZHLBP HO]CEYB]CM P@GAAL  Erbmc Lcvcl EYBMC 8
HVBO P. ZSMBMCYB Lcbrohoe Brcb P@HCO@C 8
Rubrtcr
]ucsmby Ucmocsmby ]gursmby Frhmby
P8CP ‐HHH`-m-98 P8CP ‐HHH`-m-98 P8CP ‐HHH`-m-98
Hllustrbtc gaw cocrey Mhs`uss gaw val`boh` Mcsheo b s`gckc ta hofark
frak val`boacs kby ic crupthaos bffc`t sa`hcty la`bl falds ho yaur
tbppcm far gukbo usc. gakctawo tgc tghoes ta
prcpbrc icfarc, murhoe bom
bftcr val`boh` crupthao
Cocrey Flawhoe
Hoshmc Frak
tgc Cbrtg Cffc`ts aftaVal`boh`
Crupthao Pa`hcty Zcrfarkbo`c ]bsd Pukkbthvc ]cst
pp. 2=2-2=9
pp. 258-27:
Hotcroct saur`c> ]cxt iaad> Mhs`avcr
gttp>//cocrey.eav/ccrc/ec P`hco`c D ta 29 Cmhthao
atgcrkbl/gawecatgcrkbl- (9:2=), MHUB Lcbrohoe
pawcrplbot-wards-shkplc Pystck, pp.993-996
gttp>//cocrey.eav/ccrc/ec
atgcrkbl/gawecatgcrkbl
pawcrplbot-wards-shkplc-
tcxt-vcrshao
gttps>//www.yautuic.`ak/
wbt`g1v;dnpp9KRffow
Kctb-strhps Zast tgc Zh`turc Boblyshs> (Cffc`ts Kaam Pctthoe far tgc
mhffcrcot pra`csscs af Val`boh` Crupthao) prcpbrbthao af mcsheocm
hovalvc ho tgc cocrey s`gckc
trbosfarkbthao af
ecatgcrkbl pawcr plbot
hota clc`trh`hty.
 

Zast tgc ph`turcs af
mhffcrcot ecatgcrkbl pawcr
plbots fauom ho tgc
Zghlhpphocs
Dcy Rucsthaos>
2. Ugbt brc `akkao ta tgc
ph`turcs1
9. Ugbt ma yau `bll ht1
0. Ugcrc macs ht `akc
frak1
=. Gaw hs tghs apcrbtcm1
COEBEC
Lct tgc stumcots ward ho
eraups. Ehvco tgc kctb-
strhps af tgc pra`csscs
hovalvcm ao gaw cocrey hs
trbosfarkcm hota
clc`trh`hty. Ehvc thkc far
tgc stumcots ta `akplctc
tgc tbsd.
Dcy Rucsthaos>
2. Ugbt brc tgc mhffcrcot
pra`csscs hovalvcm ho tgc
ecatgcrkbl pawcr plbot1
Gaw hs cocrey
trbosfarkcm1 9. Brrboec
tgc pra`csscs ho
`graoalaeh`bl armcr. 0.
Ugbt kbmc yau `ao`lumc
tgbt ht hs tgc fhrst pra`css1
Pgaw ph`turcs ao tgc
cffc`ts af val`boh`
crupthao.
Dcy Rucsthaos> 2. Ugbt
`bo yau sby biaut tgc
ph`turc1 9. Ugbt brc tgc
cffc`ts af val`boh`
crupthao1 0. Hs tgcrc
bmvbotbecs/mhsbmvbotb
ecs1 Ugy1
Dcy Rucsthaos> 2. Hs yaur
plb`c ocbr b val`boa1 Hf
oat, hs tgcrc b val`boa tgbt
kby `busc mbkbec ta
yaur plb`c1 9. Brc yau
prcpbrcm far tgc passhilc
cffc`t/s af val`boh`
crupthao1 0. Ugbt sgaulm
yau ma icfarc, murhoe bom
bftcr b val`boh` crupthao1
=. Gaw `bo yau gclp ho
khohkhzhoe tgc ocebthvc
cffc`ts af val`boh`
crupthao1

]gc lbst pra`css1

CWZLAYC Csscothbl Rucsthao> Ugbt hs
ecatgcrkbl cocrey1
Zawcr pahot prcscotbthao
ao Ecatgcrkbl cocrey
gttp>//www.slhmcsgbrc.oct/oh
icm htbkhsgrb/prcscotbthao-
htbkhsgrb/prcscotbthao-
aoecatgcrkbl-
cocrey9=9020631
ocxtQslhmcsgaw;2
Lct tgc stumcots prcscot
tgchr autput bftcr tgc thkc
bllattcm.
Csscothbl Rucsthao> Gaw hs Csscothbl Rucsthao> Ugbt Csscothbl Rucsthao> Gaw
cocrey frak val`boa tbppcm brc tgc cffc`ts af val`boh` `bo yau gclp ho khohkhzhoe
far gukbo uscm1 crupthao1 tgc cffc`ts af val`boh`
Pgaw b pratatypc af gaw b
crupthao1
ecatgcrkbl pawcr plbot
Mhs`usshao ao tgc cffc`ts
wards. 2. Bohkbthao af gaw
ecatgcrkbl pawcr plbot af val`boh` crupthao Xaur tbsd hs ta prcpbrc b
wards mhsbstcr prcpbrcmocss
gttp>//cocrey.eav/ccrc/ecatg s`gckc ao wgbt ta ma
crkbl/gaw- icfarc, murhoe bom bftcr
ecatgcrkblpawcr-plbot- val`boh` crupthao. (Ycfcr ta
wards-shkplc 9. ]cxt vcrshao LK p. 923 far tgc mctbhls af 
af gaw ecatgcrkbl pawcr tgc tbsd)
plbot wards
gttp>//cocrey.eav/ccrc/ecatg
crkbl/gaw-
ecatgcrkblpawcr-plbot-
wards-shkplctcxt-vcrshao 0.
Ecatgcrkbl pawcr plbot
gttps>//www.yautuic.`ak/wb
t`g1v;dnpp9KRffow
 

Dcy Rucsthaos> 2. Ugbt hs
ecatgcrkbl cocrey1 9.
Gaw hs ecatgcrkbl cocrey
ecocrbtcm1 0. Ugbt hs tgc
mhffcrco`c af ecatgcrkbl
CWZLBHO pawcr plbot frak b
ecatgcrkbl gcbt pukp1
=. Obkc sakc ecatgcrkbl
pawcr plbots ho tgc
Zghlhpphocs.
Zra`css stumcots‘
rcspaoscs. @arrc`t tgc
khs`ao`cpthao af stumcots
frak tgchr autput.
Fccmib`dhoe af stumcots‘
rcspaoscs bom hotcrb`thao.
CLBIAYB]C
Dcy Rucsthaos> 2. Gaw
macs tgcrkbl cocrey
`aovcrtcm hota
kc`gboh`bl cocrey1 9.
Gaw biaut tgc
kc`gboh`bl cocrey ho tgc
turihoc trbosfcrrcm hota
kc`gboh`bl cocrey ho b
ecocrbtar1
0. Gaw hs clc`trh`bl
cocrey ecocrbtcm1
Lc`turcttc> Zra`csscs
hovalvcm ho Ecatgcrkbl
Zawcr Zlbots. Blsa gbvc
bo hotcrb`thao ao gaw
Zghlhpphocs `bo hkpravc
hts suppart af clc`trh`hty
ushoe ecatgcrkbl pawcr
Dcy Rucsthaos> 2. Ugbt
brc tgc ocebthvc cffc`ts af
val`boh` crupthao1 Zashthvc
cffc`t1 Puppart yaur
boswcr. Oatc> ]gc
rcspaoscs af tgc stumcots
ta tghs qucsthaos hs
bssukcm ta ic `akplcx
Ho rcspaosc ta stumcots‘
rcspaoscs tgc tcb`gcr whll
`lbrhfy, `ao`rcthzc bom
mccpco tgc uomcrstbomhoe
ao tgc cffc`ts af val`boh`
crupthao.
Zrcscotbthao af tgc
mhsbstcr prcpbrcmocss
s`gckc iy eraup.
 Ugy hs tgcrc b occm ta
gbvc b mhsbstcr
prcpbrcmocss s`gckc1 
Frak tgc mhffcrcot
prcscotbthaos yau gbvc
pcrfarkcm, wgbt brc tgc
rcblhzbthaos yau gbvc

Lc`turcttc> Mhs`uss tgc twa

wbys gaw ecatgcrkbl
cocrey hs ecocrbtcm. Obkc
sakc ecatgcrkbl pawcr
plbots ho tgc Zghlhpphocs.
Apco-comcm qucsthao (3
pts.)
Ugbt hs ecatgcrkbl
cocrey1 Gaw hs ht
ecocrbtcm1
CVBLSB]C
CW]COM Urhtc b sgart cssby biaut
tgc bmvbotbecs bom
mhsbmvbotbecs af ushoe
ecatgcrkbl cocrey.
plbots bs b saur`c
bltcrobthvc patcothbl
af
cocrey.
Hllustrbtc gaw clc`trh`hty hs
ecocrbtcm tgraueg b
ecatgcrkbl pawcr. Ssc b
flaw `gbrt ta prcscot tgc
pra`csscs hovalvcm.
Kbdc b pratatypc af
ecatgcrkbl pawcr plbot
ushoe `gcbp ar rc`y`lbilc
kbtcrhbls.
kbmc1
]ruc ar Fblsc 2. Hf tgcrc hs ]gchr autput scrvcs bs
bo crupthao, ht hs sbfc ta tgchr bsscsskcot
lcbvc tgc kbho pawcr
swht`g ao bom tgc gausc Ycfcr ta tgc ruirh` fauom
apco. 9. Ucbr kbsd bom ao LK p. 926
eaeelcs wgco tgcrc hs bo
bsgfbll. 0. Bo homh`bthao
tgbt b val`boa hs biaut ta
crupt hs tgc mcfarkbthao af
tgc erauom ocbr ht. =. Bftcr
bo crupthao, swccp bsg
ushoe wbtcr ta `lcbo tgc
brcb fbstcr. 3. Bo
cvb`ubthao plbo sgaulm ic
prcpbrcm murhoe val`boh`
crupthao.
Ugbt brc tgc Ycvhcw bom stumy yaur
prc`buthaobry kcbsurcs lcssao ta prcpbrc far tgc
yau kust aiscrvc icfarc, sukkbthvc tcst ocxt
murhoe bom bftcr val`boh` kccthoe.
crupthao1
 

V. YCKBYDP 
VH.YCFLC@]HAO 
Frak tgc Cvblubthao,
Oa. af lcbrocrs wga cbrocm

  7:% bom biavc

iclaw 7:%.
Mhm tgc rckcmhbl lcssaos ward1
 Oa. af lcbrocrs wga>

  gbvc `buegt up whtg tgc lcssao

  `aothouc ta rcquhrc rckcmhbthao

Ugh`g af ky tcb`ghoe strbtcehcs wardcm wcll1 Ugy mhm
tgcsc ward1
Ugbt mhffh`ulthcs mhm H co`auotcr wgh`g ky prho`hpbl ar
supcrvhsar `bo gclp kc salvc1
 Ugbt hooavbthao ar la `blhzcm kbtcrhbls mhm H usc/mhs`avcr
wgh`g H whsg ta sgbrc whtg atgcr tcb`gcrs1

EYBMCP 2 ]A 29 Zrcpbrcm iy> @gc`dcm iy>

MBHLX LCPPAO LAE
]cb`gcr> P`gaal Gcbm>
Pheobturc> Pheobturc>
Mbtc Puikhttcm> Mbtc>

  EYBMCP 2 ]A 29 P`gaal OBZHLBP HO]CEYB]CM P@GAAL  Erbmc Lcvcl EYBMC 8

MBHLX LCPPAO LAE ]cb`gcr HVBO P. ZSMBMCYB Lcbrohoe Brcb P@HCO@C 8
]cb`ghoe Mbtcs bom ]hkc Rubrtcr
Uccd Oa. 3 Kaomby ]ucsmby Ucmocsmby ]gursmby Frhmby
H. AINC@]HVCP 
B. @aotcot Ptbombrms
]gc lcbrocrs mckaostrbtc bo uomcrstbomhoe af> fb`tars tgbt bffc`t `lhkbtc, bom tgc cffc`ts af `gboehoe ` lhkbtc bom gaw ta bmbpt b``armhoely
I. Zcrfarkbo`c Ptbombrms
]gc lcbrocrs sgaulm> pbrth`hpbtc ho b`thvhthcs tgbt rcmu`c rhsds bom lcssco cffc`ts af `lhkbtc `gboec
@. Lcbrohoe @akpctco`hcs

]gc lcbrocrs sgaulm ic bilc ta> Cxplbho gaw mhffcrcot fb`tars bffc`t tgc `lhkbtc af bo brcb.
@AMC
P8CP ‐ HHH`-m-98 P8CP ‐ HHH`-m-98 P8CP ‐ HHH`-m-98 P8CP ‐ HHH`-m-98
Zrc-bs
Zrc-bsscs
scsskc
skcot
ot Cxplbh
Cxplbho
o gaw blthtu
blthtumc
mc Cxp
Cxplbh
lbho
o gaw mhstbo
mhstbo`c
`c fr
frak
ak Mhf
Mhffcr
fcrcot
cothbt
hbtc
c whomwb
whomwbrm
rm bom Pu
Pukk
kkbth
bthvc
vc Bss
Bsscss
csskc
kcot
ot

MBHLX ]BPD/MBHLX AINC@]HVC  
Cxplbho gaw lbthtumc bffc`ts
`lhkbtc.
HH. @AO]CO] 
2. ]cb`gcr‘s Euhmc pbecs pp. 27-9:
9. Lcbrocr‘s Kbtcrhbl pbecs pp. 97-02
0. ]cxtiaad pbecs
=. Bmmhthaobl Kbtcrhbls frak Lcbrohoe Ycsaur`c (LY) partbl
I. Atgcr Lcbrohoe Ycsaur`cs
@bo yau rc`bll aut taph`
biaut tgc Zghlhpphoc
covhraokcot ao kamulc 2
ho erbmc 51
2. Ugbt hs b lbthtumc1
CLH@H]
9. Bom wgbt hs b laoehtumc1
Pgaw b ph`turc af tgc
Cbrtg. Lct tgc stumcots
kbrd tgc lbthtumc bom
laoehtumc ao tgc ph`turc.
2. Ugh`g aoc hs tgc
COEBEC lbthtumc1 Ugy mhm yau sby
sa1
9. Oaw gawUgy1
laoehtumc1 biaut tgc
0. Ehvc tgc obkcs af cb`g
lbthtumcs1
CWZLAYC Csscothbl Rucsthao> Gaw
lbthtumcs bffc`ts `lhkbtc1
Eraup b`thvhty> Zcrfark
b`thvhty #2 “Ugco tgc Puo‘s
Ybys Ptrhdc.‛
Dcy qucsthaos>
2. Gaw ku`g hs tgc thlt af
tgc cbrtg‘s bxhs1
bffc`ts `lhkbtc.
pp. 9:-99
pp.0:-00
@bo yau sthll rc`bll murhoe
7tg erbmc, gaw typgaaos
farkcm1
Pgaw ph`turcs af Ibeuha
@hty 2. Ugy hs Ibeuha
doawo bs tgc sukkcr
`bphtbl af tgc Zghlhpphocs1
9. Ugbt ma yau fccl wgco
yau brc ho tgc tap af tgc
kauotbho1
Csscothbl Rucsthao> Gaw
blthtumc bffc`ts `lhkbtc1
Eraup b`thvhty> Zcrfark
b`thvhty # 9 “]gc Ghegcr
tgc @almcr‛
Dcy qucsthaos>
2. Ugh`g plb`c hs tgc
`almcst1
9. Ugh`g plb`c hs tgc
tgc a`cbo bffc`ts `lhkbtc.
@akpbrc tgc cffc`t af gcbt
ao wbtcr bom lbom
pp. 90-9=
pp. 0=-05
Ma yau sthll rckckicr aur
taph` ho erbmc 51 Biaut tgc
`gboec ho tckpcrbturc af
lbom bom wbtcr tgrauegaut
tgc mby1
2. Ugh`g gcbts up fbstcr,
sahl ar wbtcr1
9. Ugy hs ht tgbt wbtcr
gcbts up slawly `akpbrcm
ta sahl1
Vhmca `lhp> “A`cbos Bffc`t
Aur Ucbtgcr bom @lhkbtc‛
gttps>//www.yautuic.`ak/
wb t`g1v;^ZaM0nssNIe
2. Ugbt hs `aovc`thao1
9. Ugcrc ma tgc wbrk bhr
frak oartgcro
sautgcro bom
gckhspgcrc ea1
0. Ugco wbrk bhr rhsc up,
wgbt rcplb`cs ht1
Csscothbl Rucsthao> Gaw
mhstbo`c frak tgc a`cbo
bffc`ts `lhkbtc1
Eraup b`thvhty> B`thvhty # 0
“Ugh`g `aals bom gcbts
fbstcr1‛
Dcy qucsthaos>
2. Ugbt brc tgc hohthbl
tckpcrbturcs af wbtcr bom
lccwbrm shmc
Cxplbho gaw tapaerbpgy
bffc`ts `lhkbtc
pp. 9=-96
pp. 07-08
Gaw macs tgc mhstbo`c
frak tgc a`cbo bffc`ts tgc
`lhkbtc af b pbrth`ulbr
rcehao/plb`c1
Nukilcm warms LCCUBYM
UHOMUBYM
]AZAEYBZGX @LHKB]C
2. Brc yau fbkhlhbr whtg
tgasc warms1
9. @bo yau ehvc boy hmcb
biaut tgasc tcrks/warms1
Csscothbl Rucsthaos> Gaw
macs whomwbrm mhffcr frak
lccwbrm1 Gaw macs
tapaerbpgy bffc`t `lhkbtc1
Eraup b`thvhty> B`thvhty # =
“Ugh`g sgaulm H `gaasc,
Uhomwbrm ar Lccwbrm1‛
2. Ugbt gbppcos ta wbtcr
vbpar bs ht rhscs avcr tgc

9. Ugh`g pbrt af tgc cbrtg
rc`chvcs kast af tgc suo‘s
rbys1
0. Ugy macs tgc bkauot af
gcbt rc`chvc iy plb`cs fbr
frak tgc cqubtar ic`akc
lcss1
Eraup rcparthoe>
Dcy qucsthaos>
2. @akpbrc tgc la`bthao af
Nbpbo ta tgc la`bthao af tgc
CWZLBHO Zghlhpphocs, hs tgcrc b
passhihlhty tgbt wc `bo
cxpcrhco`c soaw1
9. Ma yau tghod tgc lbthtumc
af b plb`c bffc`ts `lhkbtc1
Gaw1
Dcy qucsthaos>
2. Ugy ht hs hf b `crtbho
plb`c hs `lascr ta tgc
cqubtar gbs b traph`bl
CLBIAYB]C scbsaos1
9. Bom wgy ht hs hf b plb`c
bwby frak tgc cqubtar gbs
b `almcr tckpcrbturc1
CVBLSB]C 2. Mcs`rhic tgc lhocs af
lbthtumc.
9. Cxplbho gaw lbthtumcs
bffc`ts tgc `lhkbtc.
0pts- `arrc`t bom `akplctc
boswcr
9pts- `arrc`t iut
ho`akplctc boswcr.
2pt- ho`arrc`t boswcr  tgc whom ilaws.
gattcst1 sahl1 kauotbho1
0. Ibscm ao tgc mbtb, 9. Ugbt hs tgc mhffcrco`c 9. Ugh`g shmc af tgc
wgbt hs tgc rclbthaosghp ictwcco tgc tckpcrbturc kauotbho cxpcrhco`cs law
ictwcco blthtumc bom af sahl bom wbtcr bftcr 6 tckpcrbturc1
tckpcrbturc af b plb`c1 khoutcs1 0. Ugh`g shmc af tgc
0. Ugh`g gcbts up fbstcr, kauotbho cxpcrhco`cs gheg
wbtcr ar sahl1 tckpcrbturc1
Eraup rcparthoe> Eraup rcparthoe> Eraup rcparthoe>
Dcy qucsthaos> Dcy qucsthaos> Dcy qucsthaos
2. @akpbrc tgc 2. Ugbt gbppcos ta tgc 2. Ugh`g shmc af tgc
clcvbthao/blthtumc
clcvbthao/blthtumc af tckpcrbturcs af wbtcr bom kauotbho cxpcrhco`cs gheg
Ibeuha bom ^bkiaboeb sahl bftcr yau rckavc tgc tckpcrbturc1
whtg hts tckpcrbturc. `aotbhocrs frak cb`g 9. Ugbt gbppcos wgco bhr
9. Ma yau tghod tgc trhpam1 ic`akcs wbrkcr bom mrhcr 
blthtumc af tgc plb`c 9. Ugh`g `aals fbstcr, bs ht kavcs mawo tgc
bffc`ts tgc `lhkbtc1 Gaw1 wbtcr ar sahl1 lccwbrm shmc1
Dcy qucsthaos> Dcy qucsthaos> Dcy qucsthaos>
2. Ugy ma kauotbho 2. Gaw macs b iamy af 2. Ugbt hs tgc mhffcrco`c
`lhkicrs wcbr nb`dcts bom wbtcr rceulbtc tgc ictwcco lccwbrm bom
tgh`d `latgcs wgco tgcy tckpcrbturc af b `crtbho whomwbrm1
ea up tgc kauotbho1 rcehao/`auotry1 9. Gaw macs tapaerbpgy
9. Gaw macs blthtumc 9. Ugy ma sakc brcbs tgbt bffc`t `lhkbtc1
bffc`ts `lhkbtc1 brc fbr frak iamhcs af
wbtcr gbvc cxtrckc
`lhkbtcs1
Zcaplc lhvhoe ho Dbolb-ao 2. Cxplbho gaw mhstbo`c Mhrc`thao> `gaasc tgc lcttcr 
cxpcrhco`c law frak tgc a`cbo bffc`ts af tgc `arrc`t boswcr.
tckpcrbturc `akpbrcm ta `lhkbtc. 2. Ugh`g af tgc fallawhoe
pcaplc lhvhoe ho Ib`alam. 9. @akpbrc tgc cffc`t af `arrc`tly mcs`rhics tgc
Cxplbho wgy. gcbt ao wbtcr bom lbom whomwbrm bom lccwbrm
shmc af b gheg lbom1
H. Ht fb`cs tgc whom bom gbs
law tckpcrbturc.
HH. Ht hs tgc brcb ho wgh`g
HHH. Ht hs tgc brcb wgcrc
tgcrc hs oa `laum
farkbthao.
HV. Ht hs bo brcb wgcrc oa
prc`hphtbthao gbppcos
b. H, HH
i. H, HH, HH
`. HHH, HV
 

m. H, HV

9. Ugh`g tcrk icst

mcs`rhics tgc brcb af gheg
lbom tgbt hs shtubtcm bwby
frak tgc whom1
b. Lbom ircczc
i. Uhomwbrm
`. Lccwbrm
m. Pcb ircczc

0. Ugy brc erbsslbom bom

mcscrt plbots fauom ho
lccwbrm shmc af tgc
kauotbho1
b. Ic`busc tckpcrbturc hs
gheg bom lcss prc`hphtbthao
a``ur.
i. Ic`busc farkbthao af

`laums blwbys gbppco ho

tghs brcb
`. Ic`busc tgc brcb hs
fb`hoe ta wgcrc tgc whom
ilaws.
m. Ic`busc tgc
tckpcrbturc hs law.

Cxplbho irhcfly> Gaw macs

tapaerbpgy (kauotbho)
bffc`t `lhkbtc1

 Yuirh`>
0pts- `arrc`t bom `akplctc
boswcr
9pts- `arrc`t iut
ho`akplctc boswcr.
2pt- ho`arrc`t boswcr
Mcfhoc wgbt hs bo Blthtumc Cxplbho gaw mhstbo`c Mcfhoc lccwbrm bom Ycvhcw/stumy tgc pbst
CW]COM hs. frak tgc a`cbo bffc`ts whomwbrm. lcssaos bom prcpbrc far b
Ho yaur oatciaad. `lhkbtc1 sukkbthvc bsscsskcot.
V. YCKBYDP 
VH.YCFLC@]HAO 
Frak tgc Cvblubthao,
Oa. af lcbrocrs wga cbrocm
 

  7:% bom biavc

iclaw 7:%.
Mhm tgc rckcmhbl lcssaos ward1
 Oa. af lcbrocrs wga>

  gbvc `buegt up whtg tgc lcssao

  `aothouc ta rcquhrc rckcmhbthao

Ugh`g af ky tcb`ghoe strbtcehcs wardcm wcll1 Ugy mhm
tgcsc ward1
Ugbt mhffh`ulthcs mhm H co`auotcr wgh`g ky prho`hpbl ar
supcrvhsar `bo gclp kc salvc1
 Ugbt hooavbthao ar la `blhzcm kbtcrhbls mhm H usc/mhs`avcr
wgh`g H whsg ta sgbrc whtg atgcr tcb`gcrs1

EYBMCP 2 ]A 29 Zrcpbrcm iy> @gc`dcm iy>

MBHLX LCPPAO LAE
]cb`gcr> P`gaal Gcbm>
Pheobturc> Pheobturc>
Mbtc Puikhttcm> Mbtc>

  EYBMCP 2 ]A 29 P`gaal OBZHLBP HO]CEYB]CM P@GAAL  Erbmc Lcvcl EYBMC 8

MBHLX LCPPAO LAE ]cb`gcr HVBO P. ZSMBMCYB Lcbrohoe Brcb P@HCO@C 8
]cb`ghoe Mbtcs bom ]hkc Rubrtcr
Uccd Oa. 6 Kaomby ]ucsmby Ucmocsmby ]gursmby Frhmby
H. AINC@]HVCP 
B. @aotcot Ptbombrms
]gc lcbrocrs mckaostrbtc bo uomcrstbomhoe af> tgc fb`tars tgbt bffc`t `lhkbtc, bom tgc cffc`ts af `gboehoe `lhkbtc bom gaw ta bmbpt b``armhoely.
I. Zcrfarkbo`c Ptbombrms
]gc lcbrocrs sgaulm> ic bilc ta pbrth`hpbtc ho b`thvhthcs tgbt rcmu`c rhsds bom lcssco cffc`ts af `lhkbtc `gboec
@. Lcbrohoe @akpctco`hcs
]gc lcbrocrs sgaulm ic bilc ta> Mcs`rhic `crtbho `lhkbth` pgcoakcob tgbt a``ur ao b elaibl lcvcl
@AMC
P8CP-HHHf-02 P8CP-HHHf-02 P8CP-HHHf-02 P8CP-HHHf-02
Cxplbho gaw a`cbo Mckaostrbtc gaw `lascm Pukkbthvc Bsscsskcot
Cxplbho gaw lbthtumc,
`urrcots bffc`t `lhkbtc. spb`cs trbp gcbt. Cxplbho
blthtumc bom mhstbo`c frak
MBHLX ]BPD/MBHLX AINC@]HVC  Bsscss prhar doawlcmec gaw erccogausc ebscs
tgc a`cbo bffc`t ` lhkbtc.
bom cxpcrhco`cs biaut trbp gcbt.
`lhkbtc `gboec.

HH. @AO]CO] 
@lhkbtc
2. ]cb`gcr‘s Euhmc pbecs pp. 2=8-23:
9. Lcbrocr‘s Kbtcrhbl pbecs p.280
0. ]cxtiaad pbecs
=. Bmmhthaobl Kbtcrhbls frak Lcbrohoe Ycsaur`c (LY) partbl
I. Atgcr Lcbrohoe Ycsaur`cs
Yc`bll tgc rc`cotly fhohsgcm
lcssaos. Bsd stumcots
biaut `crtbho rclbthaosghps
af tgc fallawhoe>
*Lbthtumc af tgc plb`c bom
 Btkaspgcrh` tckpcrbturc
tckpcrbturc
*Blthtumc bom tckpcrbturc
*mhstbo`c af b plb`c frak
CLH@H] tgc scb/ a`cbo bom
btkaspgcrh` tckpcrbturc
COEBEC Pgaw 3 mhffcrcot pgat
pgatas
as ta
stumcots.
(Zgatas kust sgaw
mhffcrcot covhraokcots/
`akkuohthcs ar gukbos ho
mhffcrcot typcs af `latghoe,
tgbt whll ehvc tgc stumcots
`lucs biaut tgc
tckpcrbturc af tgc plb`c ho
cb`g pgata.
( c.e. pgata sgawhoe
pcaplc ho fur `abts4 pgata
sgawhoe tgc pcbd af b
kauotbho
pgata af b`avcrcm whtgocbr
`akkuohty h`c4
tgc scbsgarc4 pgata af
traph`bl `auotry4)
@lhkbtc @lhkbtc @lhkbtc
pp. 23:-232 pp. 232-239 pp. 239-230
pp.28=- 283 pp. 286- 287 pp. 287- 9::
Yc`bll erbmc5 lcssao Ycvhcw lcssao biaut Ycvhcw lcssao biaut
biaut gcbt trbosfcr, fb`tars tgbt bffc`t tgc `lhkbtc `gboec. Blsa bsd
spc`hfh`blly `aovc`thao. btkaspgcrh` tckpcrbturc stumcots ta rc`bll tgc
 Bsd stumcots ta cxplbho
cxplbho bom `lhkbtc af b plb`c. mhffcrcot lbycrs af tgc
tgc kavckcot af wbrk btkaspgcrc bom ho wgh`g
bom `aal bhr4 biaut lbycr tgbt wcbtgcr bom
`aovc`thao `urrcots. `lhkbtc a``ur1
Ptumcots kust rckckicr
tgbt wbrk bhr ar wbtcr
rhscs bom `aal bhr/ wbtcr
shods.
 Blsa rc`bll tgc
btkaspgcrc bom a`cbos
brc gbvhoe `aovc`thao
`urrcots4 wgcrcho tgc
mhrc`thao af fluhms hs frak
wbrk brcb tawbrms `almcr 
brcbs
 Bsd stumcots > Ugbt
Ugbt brc  Bllaw stumcots ta
ta pcrfark Zasc b shkplc shtubthao ta
tgc mhffcrcot fb`tars tgbt  B`thvhty 5> ‛Ectthoe stumcots> Ao b wbrk bom
bffc`t tgc tckpcrbturc af Ycbmy‛, LK pp.286-285 mry mby, Nco wbs lcft iy
b `crtbho plb`c1 gcr mbm hoshmc tgc `br. Pgc
oath`cm tgbt tgc bhr
(Ptumcots cxpc`tcm `aomhthaocr af tgc `br wbs
boswcr> blthtumc, lbthtumc, oat wardhoe wcll. ]gco sgc
mhstbo`c frak tgc a`cbo) stbrtcm ta fccl wbrk bom
Hotramu`c tgc ocxt taph` af  sgc stbrtcm ta swcbt b lat.
tgc lcssao, boatgcr fb`tar  *Lct us try ta uomcrstbom
tgbt bffc`ts tgc tgc shtubthao af Nco iy
tckpcrbturc af b plb`c. pcrfarkhoe bo b`thvhty.

 Bsd stumcots ta hofcr
wgctgcr tgc plb`c ho tgc
pgata hs b `alm, vcry `alm,
wbrk ar vcry wbrk brcb.
 Bllaw tgck tata nusthfy tgchr
boswcrs ibscm ao wgbt
tgcy gbvc lcbrocm ho tgc
cbrlhcr lcssaos.
Zcrfark B`thvhty 3>
“]ckpcrbturcs af Mhffcrcot
@hthcs Brauom tgc Uarlm‛,
LK p. 280. Bllaw tgck ta
CWZLAYC gbvc b eraup mhs`usshao
bom lct tgck boswcr Euhmc
Rucsthaos 90-97
 Bsd
cb`gberaup
rcprcscotbthvc
ta prcscotfrak
tgchr
boswcrs ta tgc euhmc
qucsthaos>
90. Ugh`g `hty gbm tgc
ghegcst tckpcrbturc1
9=. Ugbt fb`tar ma yau
tghod hs tgc `busc af gheg
tckpcrbturc ho tgc `hty1
93.wgh`g `hty gbm tgc
CWZLBHO lawcst tckpcrbturc1
96. Ugbt fb`tar ma yau
tghod hs tgc `busc af law
tckpcrbturc ho tgbt `hty1
95. Ugbt fb`tar ma yau
tghod ercbtly bffc`ts tgc
`lhkbtc af ]adya1 Puppart
yaur boswcr.
97. Gaw macs tgc clcvbthao
af Zbrhs bffc`t hts `lhkbtc1
CLBIAYB]C Ckpgbshzc hkpartbot
pahots af tgc lcssao ibscm
ao tgc b`thvhty. Blsa `arrc`t
boy khs`ao`cpthaos af
Lct stumcots gbvc tgchr  Bsd fhvc valuotccr Iy eraup, lct stumcots
erauphoes bom bllaw tgck stumcots ta prcscot tgc pcrfark B`thvhty 7 “ Ht‘s
ta gbvc b pccr boswcrs ta tgc qucsthaos Ectthoe Gat Ho Gcrc‛,
mhs`usshao. Lct tgck (rcfcr ta B`thvhty 5) pp.287-288 af Lcbrocr‘s
pcrfark B`thvhty 6> Kamulc
“A`cbo @urrcots‛, LK pp.
28=-283. Ptumcots whll
boswcr euhmc qucsthaos
98-00.
 B rcpartcr
eraup frak cb`g
whll prcscot tgchr Zravhmc `arrc`t
qucsthaos ihoea ta  Bsd
ho tgcboswcrs cb`gberaup
rcprcscotbthvc
ta prcscotfrak
tgc
boswcrs ho fraot af tgc `brm. Yclbtc cb`g rcsult af tgchr cxpcrhkcot
`lbss Euhmc Rucsthaos> boswcrcm qucsthao ta bom boswcrs ta euhmc
`lhkbtc `gboec. qucsthaos.
98. Ugbt brc tgc mhffcrcot
a`cbo `urrcots tgbt `brry
wbrk wbtcr1 Ehvc bt
lcbst tgrcc (0)
0:. Ugbt brc tgc mhffcrcot
a`cbo `urrcots tgbt `brry
`alm wbtcr1 Ehvc bt lcbst
tgrcc (0).
02. Ugbt dhom af bhr macs
Erccolbom `urrcot tbdc
blaoe1 Cxplbho
09. Gaw ma tgc
Dbk`gbtdb `urrcot bom
Durasgha `urrcot
`urrcot bffc`t
tgc oartg cbstcro pbrt bom
sautgcro pbrt af Nbpbo1
00. Gaw ma a`cbo
`urrcots bffc`t `lhkbtc1
Hkpartbot pahots far Mhs`uss whtg stumcots Mhs`uss whtg tgc cothrc
mhs`usshao> wgctgcr `lhkbtc `gboec hs `lbss tgc `arrc`t boswcrs
kbo- kbmc ar oat. Clh`ht ta tgc euhmc qucsthaos ta
b. Eyrcs flaw `la`dwhsc ho boswcrs frak stumcots. clhkhobtc khs`ao`cpthaos.

stumcots, ibscm ao tgc
rcparts kbmc.
@ao`rcthzc tgc hmcb tgbt tgc
tckpcrbturc af cvcry plb`c
ao Cbrtg vbry mcpcomhoe
ao tgc lbthtumc, blthtumc
,bom mhstbo`c
iamhcs frak
af wbtcr lbrec
bt spc`hfh`
kaotgs af tgc ycbr.
Kbdc stumcots rckckicr
tgbt `lhkbth` `aomhthaos brc
blsa bffc`tcm iy tgc
rcvaluthao af tgc Cbrtg.
CVBLSB]C Ugbt `lhkbth` `aomhthao hs
cxpcrhco`cm bt>brcbs
2. gheg blthtumc
9. traph`bl brcbs
0. law blthtumc brcbs
=. ocbr tgc a`cbo
3. fbr frak tgc a`cbo
2 `buscm iyQQQQQ.
tgc oartgcro gckhspgcrc,  Bllaw tgck ta ta nusthfy tgchr  Bllaw stumcots tata hmcothfy
wghlc `auotcr`la`dwhsc ho boswcrs. tgc erccogausc ebscs ho
tgc sautgcro gckhspgcrc. tgc btkaspgcrc. Bllaw
]ghs hs muc ta @arhalhs tgck ta scc tgc
cffc`t. rclbthaosghp af tgc ho`rcbsc
i. A`cbo `urrcots frak ho bkauot af erccogausc
tgc cqubtar `brrhcs wbrk ebscs ta tgc ecocrbl
wbtcr bom wbrk bhr biavc btkaspgcrh` tckpcrbturc
tgck. af Cbrtg
`. A`cbo `urrcots tgbt
kavc tawbrms tgc
cqubtar `brry `alm wbtcr
bom `alm bhr biavc tgck.
m. A`cbo `urrcots bffc`t
tgc tckpcrbturc af plb`cs
c. A`cbo `urrcot hs
boatgcr fb`tar tgbt bffc`ts
tgc `lhkbtc af b plb`c.
2. Ugbt ma yau `bll tgc Hmcothfy tgc fallawhoe> 2. Mcs`rhic erccogausc
laaps af a`cbo`urrcot
b. @aovc`thao `urrcots1 2. 0Y stboms
9. Ebs far1ho lbomfhlls
rclcbscm ebscs
9. Ugy hs tgc tckpcrbturc
i. Spwcllhoe 0. Ecocrbl `aomhthao af tgc hoshmc tgc tbod wbrkcr1
`. @arhalhs cffc`t btkaspgcrc whtgho b ycbr 0-=. @htc twa erccogausc
m. Eyrc =. @F@ stboms far1 ebscs
3. Ugh`g whll gclp bllcvhbtc 3. Ugbt whll gbppco ta
9. ]gc mhrc`thao af `lhkbtc `gboec, cbthoe Cbrtg‘s btkaspgcrh`
ratbthao af tgcsc laaps hs vcectbilcs ar cbthoe kcbt. tckpcrbturc hfhf tgc bkauot
af erccogausc ebscs
b. @arhalhs cffc`t `aothouc ta ho`rcbsc1
i. Ycvaluthao
`. ]hlthoe af cbrtg‘s bxhs
m. Bll af tgc biavc
0. Hf b `abstbl brcb hs
vhshtcm iy bo a`cbo
`urrcot frak tgc cqubtar,
wgbt whll gbppco ta tgc
tckpcrbturc af tgc plb`c1
b. Ho`rcbscs
i. Mc`rcbscs
`. Yckbhos tgc sbkc
m. Ho`rcbscs, tgco
mc`rcbscs
=. A`cbo `urrcots frak
tgc palbr rcehao `brry whtg
 

tgck QQQQwbtcr1
b. @alm
i. Ubrk
`. Frazco
m. iahlhoe

Ycvhcw bssheokcot>
(Erbmc5 Lcssao) Ugbt brc
3. Durasgha `urrcot
`akcs frak tgc Zghl. scb
bom eacs ta Pautg Nbpbo.
Ugbt whll gbppco ta tgc
tckpcrbturc af Pautg
Nbpbo1
b. Ho`rcbscs
i. Mc`rcbscs
`. Yckbhos tgc sbkc
m. Ho`rcbscs, tgco
mc`rcbscs
Ycscbr`g tgraueg tgc Ycvhcw bssheokcot> Zrcpbrc far b sukkbthvc
hotcroct> Hmcothfy 3 eyrcs (Lcssao ho Erbmc
Erbmc 5) Ugbt tcst.

tgc
gcbttgrcc mhffcrcot
trbosfcr1 Ugbtwbys af
hs tgc af a`cbo
`brry wbrk`urrcots tgbt fhvc
wbtcr bom brc tgc fhvc lbycrs
btkaspgcrc1 af `g
tgc
Ho wgh`g
wgh
pra`css af gcbt trbosfcr eyrcs af a`cbo `urrcots lbycr tgbt tgc wcbtgcr bom
CW]COM tgbt a``urs aoly ho fluhms1 tgbt `brry `alm wbtcr `lhkbtc `gboecs a``ur1
(wbtcr bom bhr) Ugbt hs tgc
mhrc`thao af gcbt trbosfcr
bkaoe kalc`ulcs af bhr/
wbtcr1 Ubrkcr ta `aalcr ar 
`aalcr ta wbrkcr1
V. YCKBYDP 
VH.YCFLC@]HAO 
Frak tgc Cvblubthao,
Oa. af lcbrocrs wga cbrocm

  7:% bom biavc

iclaw 7:%.
Mhm tgc rckcmhbl lcssaos ward1
 Oa. af lcbrocrs wga>

  gbvc `buegt up whtg tgc lcssao

  `aothouc ta rcquhrc rckcmhbthao

Ugh`g af ky tcb`ghoe strbtcehcs wardcm wcll1 Ugy mhm
tgcsc ward1
Ugbt mhffh`ulthcs mhm H co`auotcr wgh`g ky prho`hpbl ar
supcrvhsar `bo gclp kc salvc1
 Ugbt hooavbthao ar la `blhzcm kbtcrhbls mhm H usc/mhs`avcr
wgh`g H whsg ta sgbrc whtg atgcr tcb`gcrs1
 

EYBMCP 2 ]A 29 Zrcpbrcm iy> @gc`dcm iy>

MBHLX LCPPAO LAE
]cb`gcr> P`gaal Gcbm>
Pheobturc> Pheobturc>
Mbtc Puikhttcm> Mbtc>

  EYBMCP 2 ]A 29 P`gaal OBZHLBP HO]CEYB]CM P@GAAL  Erbmc Lcvcl EYBMC 8

MBHLX LCPPAO LAE ]cb`gcr HVBO P. ZSMBMCYB Lcbrohoe Brcb P@HCO@C 8
]cb`ghoe Mbtcs bom ]hkc Rubrtcr
Uccd Oa. 5 Kaomby ]ucsmby Ucmocsmby ]gursmby Frhmby
H. AINC@]HVCP 
B. @aotcot Ptbombrms
]gc lcbrocrs mckaostrbtc bo uomcrstbomhoe af> fb`tars tgbt bffc`t `lhkbtc, bom tgc cffc`ts af `gboehoe ` lhkbtc bom gaw ta bmbpt b``armhoely.
I. Zcrfarkbo`c Ptbombrms
]gc lcbrocrs sgaulm> pbrth`hpbtc ho b`thvhthcs tgbt rcmu`c rhsds bom lcssco cffc`ts af `lhkbtc `gboec.
@. Lcbrohoe @akpctco`hcs 2. Cxplbho gaw mhffcrcot fb`tars bffc`t tgc `lhkbtc af bo brcb.
]gc lcbrocrs sgaulm ic bilc ta> 9. Mcs`rhic `crtbho `lhkbth` pgcoakcob tgbt a``ur ao b elaibl lcvcl.
@AMC P8CP ‐ HHHc ‐ 0:
P8CP ‐ HHHf ‐ 02
Hotcrprct tgc rclbthaosghp af  @bl`ulbtc aoc‘s pcrsaobl Mhs`uss tgc hkpb`ts af  Zlbo wbys ao gaw ta Pukkbthvc Bsscsskcot
`briao mhaxhmc bom `briao ckhsshao. ]bdc bo `lhkbtc `gboec. hofark ar cmu`btc fcllaw
MBHLX ]BPD/MBHLX AINC@]HVC tckpcrbturc. b`thao ta lcssco tgc cffc`t stumcots ao tgc hkpb`ts af 
af `lhkbtc `gboec. `lhkbtc `gboec.
HH. @AO]CO] 
9.2 Fb`tars tgbt bffc`t
`lhkbtc.
9.9 Elaibl `lhkbtc
pgcoakcob.

2. ]cb`gcr‘s Euhmc pbecs p. 230 pp. 23=-236 p. 236 pp. 236-235

9. Lcbrocr‘s Kbtcrhbl pbecs pp. 9:2-9:9 pp. 9:9-9:= pp. 9:3-9:6 pp 9:5-9:7
0. ]cxtiaad pbecs
=. Bmmhthaobl Kbtcrhbls frak Lcbrohoe Ycsaur`c (LY) partbl
I. Atgcr Lcbrohoe Ycsaur`cs

Ugbt brc cxbkplcs af Ugbt hs tgc rclbthaosghp af  Ugbt hs `briao ckhsshao1 Ugbt hs b `lhkbtc `gboec1
erccogausc ebscs1 `briao mhaxhmc ta
CLH@H] tckpcrbturc1 Gaw `bo yau gclp lcssco Ugbt `buscs `lhkbtc
Ugbt brc tgc saur`cs af tgc `briao ckhsshao ho tgc `gboec1

erccogausc ebscs1
Ibr erbpg boblyshs af
elaibl tckpcrbturc bom
`briao mhaxhmc. (]gc
stumcots whll ehvc tgchr
COEBEC aiscrvbthao)
Zcrfark B`thvhty
B`thvhty 0> @A9 hs
tgc Ycbsao! LK pp.9:2-
9:9
CWZLAYC
Euhmc Rucsthaos>
2. Gaw ku`g hs tgc
ho`rcbsc ho tgc tckpcrbturc
frak 277: ta 9:2:1
9. Ugbt gbppcocm ta tgc
bkauot af `briao mhaxhmc
frak 277: ta 9:2:1
CWZLBHO
0. Ugbt hs tgc rclbthaosghp
ictwcco tgc bkauot af
`briao mhaxhmc bom elaibl
tckpcrbturc1 =. Ugco wbs
tckpcrbturc bt hts ghegcst
bom hts lawcst1
CLBIAYB]C @briao mhaxhmc ‐ hs b ebs
tgbt hs pramu`cm
pcaplc wgco
bom bohkbls
ircbtgc aut ar wgco `crtbho
fucls brc iurocm bom tgbt hs
]gc tcb`gcr whll past b
qucsthao ao tgc iabrm
“Bk H b `lhkbtc gcra ar b
`lhkbtc `ulprht1
“@lhkbtc Gcra ar b
@lhkbtc @ulprht1‛ (Zlcbsc
rcfcr ta Lcbrocrs Kbtcrhbl
Kbtcrhbl
pp 9:9 ‐ 9:=)
Euhmc Rucsthaos>
2. Ugh`g kckicr gbs tgc
ghegcst `briao faatprhot1
9. Ugh`g kckicr gbs tgc
lawcst `briao faatprhot1
0. Ugbt hs tgc bvcrbec
`briao faatprhot af tgc
eraup1
=. Ugbt hs yaur ghegcst
saur`c af `briao
ckhsshao1
3. Ugbt hs yaur lawcst
saur`c af `briao
ckhsshao1
Cb`g af us `aotrhiutcs ta
`briao tgbt
rcblhzc ckhsshao. Xau
yau brc chtgcr  ercbt `gboecs ho aur
b `lhkbtc gcra ar b
`lhkbtc `ulprht.
covhraokcot1
Zrcscot b ph`turc sgawhoe
ckhsshao af `briao frak
butakaihlcs.
Ugbt ibm cffc`ts macs taa
ku`g `briao ckhsshao whll
irhoe ta aur gcbltg
tgc covhraokcot ho bom ta
ecocrbl1
Mhs`uss> Hkpb`ts af
`lhkbtc `gboec
2. Kclthoe af elb`hcrs tgbt
`avcrcm tgc lbom `buscm
tgc scb lcvcl ta rhsc.
9. Gcbvy Ybhofblls
0. Bioarkblhty ho tgc
rcpramu`thao af sakc
plbots bom bohkbls.
=. @alm whoms bffc`thoe tgc
`lhkbtc af tgc `auotry bom
mcstrayhoe sakc `raps
bom fbrks.
3. Cl Ohoa
 6. Lb Ohob
Euhmc Rucsthaos>
2. Ugbt brc tgc hkpb`ts af
`lhkbtc `gboec ho aur
warlm1
9. Ugbt brc tgc wbys ao
gaw ta lcssco hts cffc`ts1
@lhkbtc `gboec `bo irhoe
warlm.
Ic`busc af `lhkbtc
 Bs b stumcot, gaw whll yau
hofark yaur fcllaw stumcots
biaut tgc cffc`ts af `lhkbtc
`gboec1
Eraup B`thvhty>
]bsd> ]a `akc up whtg b
prcscotbthao tgbt `bo
mhssckhobtc bom cmu`btc
tgchr fcllaw stumcots biaut
tgc hkpb`ts af `lhkbtc
`gboec bom ao gaw ta
rcmu`c hts cffc`ts.
Eraup 2 ‐ B `akh` sdct`g
Eraup 9 ‐ B nhoelc ar b
saoe
Eraup 0 ‐ Ocws `bsthoe
Eraup = ‐ Zastcr ar
slaebo
Eraup 3 ‐ Zack
Oatc> Ehvc bkplc thkc ta
tgc stumcots ta plbo bom
prcpbrc far tgchr
prcscotbthao
 

uscm iy plbots bs cocrey.   `gboec scvcrbl `blbkhthcs

]ckpcrbturc ‐ hs b
kcbsurckcot tgbt
homh`btcs gaw gat ar `alm
sakctghoe hs.
Ugco Homustrhbl Ycvaluthao
icebo karc ckhsshaos af
`briao mhaxhmc bom atgcr
erccogausc ebscs
tgrcbtcocm bll lhvhoe tghoes,
Iurohoe af fasshl fucl hs aoc
af tgc kbho saur`cs af
`briao mhaxhmc ckhsshao.
 Bs tgc bkauot af `briao
mhaxhmc ho`rcbscs tgc
elaibl tckpcrbturc
ho`rcbscs taa.
 Boyaoc `bo ic b
`aotrhiutar ho `gboehoe
aur `lhkbtc.
@lhkbtc hs blwbys
`gboehoe. Ht gbs sgawo
gaw ku`g ht `aulm bffc`t
aur lhvcs.
brc gbppcohoe, lhdc flaams,
gcbvy rbhofbll bom scvcrc
typgaaos.
@lhkbtc `gboec `aulm
lcbvc ercbt mcstru`thao
bom ercbt lass af lhvcs.
@lhkbtc `gboec `aulm
mcstray `raps af fbrkcrs,
tgus rcsulthoe ta law `rap
pramu`thao.
Ho bmmhthao, `lhkbtc `gboec
`aulm rcsult ta Cl Ohòa bom
Lb Ohòb.

Gaw hs `briao mhaxhmc  
rclbtcm ta tckpcrbturc1
Bs b stumcot gaw `bo yau Hmcothfy tgc fallawhoe
gclp lcssco tgc cffc`ts af shtubthaos bs ta tgc cffc`t
`lhkbtc `gboec1 Ugbt af `lhkbtc `gboec. Urhtc
b`thaos whll yau ma1 ]YSC ar FBLPC
2. Ho`rcbshoe elaibl
tckpcrbturc

9. Mcstru`thao
prapcrthcs bomaf
lass af lhvcs
CVBLSB]C
muc ta frcqucot
a``urrco`cs af typgaaos.
0. Ho`rcbsc `rap
pramu`thao
=. Lb Ohob bom Cl Ohoa
3. Cbrtgqubdcs
Cbrtgqubdcs rcsulthoe
frak tc`taoh` kavckcots

Urhtc bt lcbst 0 wbys ta Ugbt brc tgc hkpb`ts af Kbdc b rcscbr`g ao tgc
rcmu`c @A9
@A9 ckhsshao. `lhkbtc `gboec1 hkpb`ts af `lhkbtc `gboec
CW]COM ta kbo bom ta tgc
Hmcothfy tgc cffc`ts af covhraokcot
`lhkbtc `gboec.
 

V. YCKBYDP 
VH.YCFLC@]HAO 
Frak tgc Cvblubthao,
Oa. af lcbrocrs wga cbrocm

  7:% bom biavc

iclaw 7:%.
Mhm tgc rckcmhbl lcssaos ward1
 Oa. af lcbrocrs wga>

  gbvc `buegt up whtg tgc lcssao

  `aothouc ta rcquhrc rckcmhbthao

Ugh`g af ky tcb`ghoe strbtcehcs wardcm wcll1 Ugy mhm
tgcsc ward1
Ugbt mhffh`ulthcs mhm H co`auotcr wgh`g ky prho`hpbl ar
supcrvhsar `bo gclp kc salvc1
 Ugbt hooavbthao ar la `blhzcm kbtcrhbls mhm H usc/mhs`avcr
wgh`g H whsg ta sgbrc whtg atgcr tcb`gcrs1

EYBMCP 2 ]A 29 Zrcpbrcm iy> @gc`dcm iy>

MBHLX LCPPAO LAE
]cb`gcr> P`gaal Gcbm>
Pheobturc> Pheobturc>
Mbtc Puikhttcm> Mbtc>

OBZHLBP HO]CEYB]CM P@GAAL 

  EYBMCP
MBHLX 2 ]A LAE
LCPPAO 29 P`gaal
]cb`gcr HVBO P. ZSMBMCYB E
Lcrb
brmo
choLe
cvBcrlcb PE
@Y BO
HC M@CC88
]cb`ghoe Mbtcs bom ]hkc Rubrtcr
Uccd Oa. 7 Kaomby ]ucsmby Ucmocsmby ]gursmby Frhmby
H. AINC@]HVCP 
B. @aotcot Ptbombrms
]gc lcbrocrs mckaostrbtc bo uomcrstbomhoe af> tgc fb`tars tgbt bffc`t `lhkbtc, bom tgc cffc`ts af `gboehoe `lhkbtc bom gaw ta bmbpt b``armhoely.
I. Zcrfarkbo`c Ptbombrms
]gc lcbrocrs sgaulm> pbrth`hpbtc ho b`thvhthcs tgbt rcmu`c rhsds bom lcssco cffc`ts af `lhkbtc `gboec.
@. Lcbrohoe @akpctco`hcs
]gc lcbrocrs sgaulm ic bilc ta> mcs`rhic `crtbho `lhkbth` pgcoakcob tgbt a``ur ho b elaibl lcvcl.
@AMC P8CP-222c-02 P8CP-222c-02 P8CP-222c-02 P8CP-222c-02
Mcsheo b s`gckc ao Zrcscotbthao af tgc @rhthquhoe af tgc Autput Mhssckhobthao af  Autput Bsscsskcot
MBHLX ]BPD/MBHLX AINC@]HVC hofarkbthao mhssckhobthao Mcsheo Hofarkbthao
 

af tgc hkpb`ts af `lhkbtc

`gboec.
HH. @AO]CO]  Elaibl @lhkbtc
Zgcoakcoao

2. ]cb`gcr‘s Euhmc pbecs p. 9:5

9. Lcbrocr‘s Kbtcrhbl pbecs p. 235
0. ]cxtiaad pbecs
=. Bmmhthaobl Kbtcrhbls frak Lcbrohoe Ycsaur`c (LY) partbl
I. Atgcr Lcbrohoe Ycsaur`cs

@htc b spc`hfh` cxbkplc af
CLH@H] bo hkpb`t af `lhkbtc
`gboec
Mcsheohoe b s`gckc ao
hofarkbthao mhssckhobthao
COEBEC
ao tgc hkpb`ts af `lhkbtc
`gboec.
Eraup 2-@akh` sdct`g
CWZLAYC
CWZLBHO Eraup 9- Nhoelc ar saoe
Eraup 0-Ocws`bsthoe
CLBIAYB]C
Eraup =-Zastcr bom slaebo
CVBLSB]C Eraup 3- Zack
Ugbt plbo mhm yau kbdc Gaw wcll mhm yau kbdc Zrcscotbthao af autputs>
far yaur prcscotbthao1 yaur mcsheo1 Eraup 2-@akh` sdct`g
Eraup 9- Nhoelc ar saoe
Zrb`th`c/ Zrcpbrbthao af Zrb`th`c/ Zrcpbrbthao af Eraup 0-Ocws`bsthoe
tgc prcscotbthao tgc prcscotbthao Eraup =-Zastcr bom
slaebo
Eraup 3- Zack
Zrcscotbthao af tgc @rhthquhoe af tgc autput.
mcsheo

Zrcscotbthao af autputs whll

ic s`arcm ibscm ao
s`arhoe ruirh`. (Zlcbsc
rcfcr ta LK p.235)

CW]COM

V. YCKBYDP 
VH.YCFLC@]HAO 
Frak tgc Cvblubthao,
Oa. af lcbrocrs wga cbrocm

  7:% bom biavc

iclaw 7:%.
 

Mhm tgc rckcmhbl lcssaos ward1

 Oa. af lcbrocrs wga>

  gbvc `buegt up whtg tgc lcssao

  `aothouc ta rcquhrc rckcmhbthao

Ugh`g af ky tcb`ghoe strbtcehcs wardcm wcll1 Ugy mhm
tgcsc ward1
Ugbt mhffh`ulthcs mhm H co`auotcr wgh`g ky prho`hpbl ar
supcrvhsar `bo gclp kc salvc1
 Ugbt hooavbthao ar la `blhzcm kbtcrhbls mhm H usc/mhs`avcr
wgh`g H whsg ta sgbrc whtg atgcr tcb`gcrs1

EYBMCP 2 ]A 29 Zrcpbrcm iy> @gc`dcm iy>

MBHLX LCPPAO LAE
]cb`gcr> P`gaal Gcbm>
Pheobturc> Pheobturc>
Mbtc Puikhttcm> Mbtc>

  EYBMCP 2 ]A 29 P`gaal OBZHLBP HO]CEYB]CM P@GAAL  Erbmc Lcvcl EYBMC 8

MBHLX LCPPAO LAE ]cb`gcr HVBO P. ZSMBMCYB Lcbrohoe Brcb P@HCO@C 8
]cb`ghoe Mbtcs bom ]hkc Rubrtcr
Uccd Oa. 8 Kaomby ]ucsmby Ucmocsmby ]gursmby Frhmby
H. AINC@]HVCP 
B. @aotcot Ptbombrms
]gc lcbrocrs mckaostrbtc bo uomcrstbomhoe af> tgc rclbthaosghp ictwcco tgc vhshilc `aostcllbthaos ho tgc sdy bom cbrtgs pashthao blaoe hts ariht.
I. Zcrfarkbo`c Ptbombrms
]gc lcbrocrs sgaulm> mhs`uss wgctgcr ar oat papulbr iclhcfs bom prb`th`cs whtg rcebrms ta `aostcllbthaos bom bstralaey gbvc s`hcothfh` ibshs.
@. Lcbrohoe @akpctco`hcs Hofcr tgc `gbrb`tcrhsth`s af Hofcr tgbt tgc brrboeckcot Aiscrvc tgbt tgc pashthao Pgaw wgh`g `aostcllbthaos
]gc lcbrocrs sgaulm ic bilc ta> stbrs ibscm ao tgc af stbrs ho b eraup af `aostcllbthao `gboecs ho kby ic aiscrvcm bt
`gbrb`tcrhsth`s af tgc suo. (`aostcllbthaos) macs oat tgc `aursc af b ohegt. mhffcrcot thkcs af tgc ycbr
`gboec. ushoe kamcls.
@AMC
P8CP-HHHe-09 P8CP-HHHg-00 P8CP-HHHh-0= P8CP-HHHn-03
Yclbtc `alar whtg Eraup stbrs taectgcr ho b Mcs`rhic tgc bppbrcot Cxplbho wgy sakc Pukkbthvc Bsscsskcot
tckpcrbturc af b stbr. rc`aeohzbilc pbttcro kathaos af stbrs bt ohegt `aostcllbthaos brc oat scco
bt `crtbho kaotgs
MBHLX ]BPD/MBHLX AINC@]HVC
Cxplbho tgc fb`tars tgbt
kby bffc`t tgc irhegtocss
af b stbr

HH. @AO]CO] 
@gbrb`tcrhsth`s af b Ptbr
2. ]cb`gcr‘s Euhmc pbecs p. 26:
9. Lcbrocr‘s Kbtcrhbl pbecs pp. 92=-923
0. ]cxtiaad pbecs
=. Bmmhthaobl Kbtcrhbls frak Lcbrohoe Ycsaur`c (LY) partbl
I. Atgcr Lcbrohoe Ycsaur`cs
Lct tgc stumcots shoe tgc
saoe. “ ]whodlc, twhodlc
lhttlc stbr‛
CLH@H]
Ugbt hofarkbthao macs tgc
saoe ehvc1
Gaw hs stbr mcs`rhicm ho
tgc saoe1
COEBEC
Ugbt atgcr mcs`rhpthaos
`bo yau mcs`rhic biaut b
stbr bshmc frak tgc saoe
yau gbvc suoe1
Csscothbl Rucsthao>
Ugbt brc tgc
`gbrb`tcrhsth`s af b stbr1
Uardhoe ho eraups,
stumcots whll pcrfark tgc
CWZLAYC
 B`thvhty
af Ptbrs 2>
bom@gwhll
@gbrb`tcrhsth`s
brb`tcrhsth`s
fallaw
Euhmcm B`thvhty frak tgc
LK pp.92=-923.
CWZLBHO
CLBIAYB]C Iy eraup, stumcots whll
prcscot tgchr boswcrs ushoe
kbohlb pbpcrs iy fallawhoe
euhmc tgc qucsthaos>
2. Ugbt hs tgc `alar af tgc
fhlbkcot bs yau mhk tgc
iuli1
9. Ugbt hs tgc `alar af tgc
pp. 26:-262
p.926
Ugbt brc tgc Ugbt brc `aostcllbthaos1
`gbrb`tcrhsth`s af b stbr1 Obkc sakc af tgck.
Gaw macs tgc `alar af b
stbr rclbtc whtg hts
tckpcrbturc1
Ugbt fb`tars hofluco`c
tgc irhegtocss af b stbr1
Gbvc yau aiscrvc tgc sdy
bt ohegt1 Gbvc yau scco
stbrs tgbt fark pbttcros ar  af tgc ycbr1
sgbpcs af ainc`t ho ohegt
sdy1 Ugbt ma yau `bll
tgcsc eraup af stbrs1
Csscothbl Rucsthao>
Ugbt brc tgc eraups af
stbrs tgbt scck ta fark
pbttcros/ fheurcs/ hkbecs
ho tgc ohegt sdy1
Uardhoe
stumcots ho eraups,
whll pcrfark
 B`thvhty 9> Zbttcros
Zbttcros ho tgc
Pdy bom whll fallaw
Euhmcm B`thvhty frak LK
p.926
Iy eraup, stumcots whll
prcscot tgchr boswcrs
ushoe kbohlb pbpcrs iy
fallawhoe euhmc tgc
qucsthaos>
2. Ugbt fheurc/ pbttcro
yau gbvc trb`cm/ farkcm1
9. Ugbt brc tgc starhcs af
@aostcllbthaos
p. 262
p. 925
Csscothbl Rucsthao>
Ugbt mhrc`thao ma stbrs
kavc1
Uardhoe ho eraups,
stumcots whll pcrfark
 B`thvhty
Kavckcot 0> Bppbrcot
af tgc Ptbrs
tgraueg tgc Ohegt bom whll
fallaw Euhmcm B`thvhty frak
LK p.925
@akpbrc tgc pashthao af
tgc stbrs ho tgc sdy. Ugbt
ma yau oath`c1 Brc tgc
stbrs vhshilc bt 5 pk sthll
vhshilc bt 22 pk ho tgchr
“arhehobl pashthao‛1 Ugy hs
tghs sa1
Ugbt hs b `aostcllbthao1
Ugbt `aostcllbthaos ma yau
doaw1
 Brc bll `aostcllbthao
`aostcllbthao scco
bt tgc sbkc thkc ar kaotg
Csscothbl Rucsthao> Ugy
brc sakc `aostcllbthaos
`booat ic scco ho tgc
sbkc kaotg af tgc ycbr1
Uardhoe ho eraups,
stumcots=>whll
 B`thvhty Mhfpcrfark
Mhffcrcot tgc
fcrcot Ptbr
Zbttcros tgraueg tgc Xcbr
bom fallaw Euhmcm B`thvhty
frak LK p.927-992
Iy eraup, stumcots whll
prcscot tgchr boswcrs
ushoe kbohlb pbpcrs iy
fallawhoe tgc euhmc
qucsthaos>
2. @akpbrc tgc
pgataerbpgs1 Ugbt ma yau
oath`c1
 

fhlbkcot bs yau turo tgc
swht`g bt full pawcr1
0. Ugbt gbppcos ta tgc
tckpcrbturc af tgc fhlbkcot
bs tgc iuli ic`akcs
irhegtcr bom irhegtcr1
tgcsc fheurcs/ pbttcros1 Gaw ma tgc stbrs kavc1 9. Ugy brc sakc
0. Ugbt brc yaur ibscs Mcs`rhic tgc kavckcot af `aostcllbthaos vhshilc ho
far `akhoe up whtg tghs tgc stbrs ho tgc ohegt sdy Kbr`g iut oat vhshilc ho
fheurc1 tgc iuli ic`akcs irhegtcr Pcptckicr1
bom irhegtcr1
0. Ugbt `aostcllbthaos brc
R=. Gaw hs tgc kathao af prakhocot murhoe whotcr1

stbrs
af tgcshkhlbr
Puo1 ta tgc kathao Fbll1 Pukkcr1 Pprhoe1
CVBLSB]C @gaasc tgc lcttcr af tgc Obkc tgc `aostcllbthao Gaw ma stbrs bppcbr ta Kulthplc @gah`c> @gaasc
icst boswcr. Ssc tgc tbilc farkcm iy tgc eraup af kavc ho tgc ohegt sdy1 tgc `arrc`t boswcr bom
iclaw tgbt prcscots stbrs iclaw. (3pts) wrhtc tgc lcttcr aoly.
hofarkbthao biaut stbrs B, 2.]gc fallawhoe
I, @, bom M. `aostcllbthaos `bo ic
aiscrvcm prakhocotly ho
Nuoc CW@CZ]QQQQQ.
CW@CZ]QQQQQ.
 B. Iaatcs
I. Mrb`a
@. Gymrb
2. Ugh`g stbr hs tgc M. Arhao*
gattcst1
b. B 9.Lca `bo aoly ic
i. I aiscrvcm ho tgc kaotg af
`. @  QQ.
m. M  B. Kbr`g*
I. Nuoc
9. Ugh`g stbr hs vcry shkhlbr  @. Pcptckicr
ta aur suo1 M. Mc`ckicr
b. B
i. I 0.Srsb Kbnar `bo ic
`. @ aiscrvcm ho tgc kaotgs af
m. M  B. Kbr`g bom Nuoc*
Nuoc*
I. Nuoc bom Pcptckicr 
0. Ugh`g hs tgc `aalcst @. Pcptckicr & Mc`ckicr 
stbr1 M. Mc`ckicr bom Kbr`g
b. B
i. I =. Ugh`g stbtckcot icst
`. @ cxplbho wgy sakc
`aostcllbthaos lhdc @yeous
=. Ugbt 9 fb`tars bffc`t tgc hs vhshilc ta bo aiscrvcr ho
irhegtocss af tgc stbr1 Kbohlb ho Pcptckicr iut
oat vhshilc ho Kbr`g1
 B. Cbrtg‘s sphos
sphos ao hts bxhs.
I. Cbrtg arihts tgc suo.*
@. @yeous sphos ao hts bxhs
M. @yeous arihts tgc Cbrtg.

 Ma bll stbrs gbvc tgc sbkc Zrcpbrc bom irhoe tgc
irhegtocss1 Ugy1 kbtcrhbls occmcm far tgc
 B`thvhty 0.
Ho prcpbrbthao far tgc ocxt
mby‘s b`thvhty tgc stumcots
whll ic bssheocm ta
aiscrvc tgc ohegt sdy bt
5pk uothl 8 pk. Ma tgc
fallawhoe> b. Fa`us ao
CW]COM aoc stbr bom kbrd tgc
pashthao af tgbt stbr bt
5pk iy `gaashoe b
rcfcrco`c pahot ocbriy ht.
]gco fallaw up ar kaohtar  gttp>//www.stcllbrhuk.are/
tgc pashthao af tgbt sbkc
stbr bftcr 2 gaur &
9.gaurs. Yc`arm & irhoe
yaur aiscrvbthao ho tgc
`lbss far yaur ocxt
b`thvhty.
V. YCKBYDP 
VH.YCFLC@]HAO 
Frak tgc Cvblubthao,
Oa. af lcbrocrs wga cbrocm
  7:% bom biavc
iclaw 7:%.
Mhm tgc rckcmhbl lcssaos ward1
 Oa. af lcbrocrs wga>
  gbvc `buegt up whtg tgc lcssao
Zrcpbrc bom irhoe tgc
kbtcrhbls occmcm far tgc
 B`thvhty =.
Sshoe tgc saftwbrc
Ptcllbrhuk, lct tgc stumcots
cxplarc tgc Ohegt Pdy far b
`crtbho mbtc. Hmcothfy aoc
`aostcllbthao bom fallaw hts
kavckcot tgraueg b
pcrham af thkc.
Ptcllbrhuk `bo ic
mawolabmcm bt>
3. @aostcllbthao Zhs`cs
`gboecs pashthao murhoe
tgc ohegt. Ugh`g kathao hs
kbholy rcspaoshilc far tghs
`gboec ho pashthao1
 B. Ycvaluthao af
af cbrtg
brauom tgc suo*
I. Yatbthao af cbrtg ao hts
bxhs.
@. Ycvaluthao af Zhs`cs
brauom tgc suo.
M. Yatbthao af Zhs`cs ao hts
bxhs.
Ptumy yau lcssao far tgc
sukkbthvc tcst.
 

  `aothouc ta rcquhrc rckcmhbthao

Ugh`g af ky tcb`ghoe strbtcehcs wardcm wcll1 Ugy mhm
tgcsc ward1
Ugbt mhffh`ulthcs mhm H co`auotcr wgh`g ky prho`hpbl ar
supcrvhsar `bo gclp kc salvc1
 Ugbt hooavbthao ar la `blhzcm kbtcrhbls mhm H usc/mhs`avcr
wgh`g H whsg ta sgbrc whtg atgcr tcb`gcrs1

EYBMCP 2 ]A 29 Zrcpbrcm iy> @gc`dcm iy>

MBHLX LCPPAO LAE
]cb`gcr> P`gaal Gcbm>
Pheobturc> Pheobturc>
Mbtc Puikhttcm> Mbtc>