CELL

The Fundamental Unit Of Life

What is Cell?

Cell is the basic Structural and functional

unit of living organisms.

In other words, cells make up living things

and carry out activities that keep a living
thing alive.
 Cell Theory Timeline

1674
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
Observed living cell

1665 1883
Robert Hooke Robert Brown
Discovered cell Discovered nucleus
 Unicellular Organisms
An organism that is made up of only one cell is called as
unicellular organism.

Euglena Paramecium Yeast

 Multicellular Organisms
An organism that is made up of more than one cell is called as
multicellular organism.

Plants Animals Fungus

Multicellular Organisms Under Microscope

Leaf cells Muscle cells

Size of • Smallest cell

Cells
• Mycoplasma
• Size: 0.1 µm

Cells vary in size.

Most cells are very small

(microscopic), some may be
very large (macroscopic).
• Largest cell
The unit used to measure size • Ostrich egg
of a cell is micrometer.
• Size: 18 cm
1 µm = 1 / 1 0 00 m il limete r
 Size of Cells in Humans

Smallest cell Largest cell Longest cell

Sperm cell Ovum cell Nerve cell
Size: 5 µm Size: 120 µm Size: 1 m
Structure Compound
Of Cell microscope
Magnification 2000X

The detailed structure of a cell has

been studied under compound
microscope and electron microscope.

Certain structures can be seen only

under an electron microscope.
Electron
The structure of a cell as seen under microscope
an electron microscope is called
ultrastructure. Magnification 500000X
Animal Cell
12
11 1
10

1. Nucleus
2. Golgi body 9

3. Vesicle
4. Plasma membrane 8
5. Mitochondria
6. Cytoskeleton
7. Centriole
8. Lysosome 2

9. Cytoplasm 7 3
10. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
11. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum 4
12. Nucleolus 6
5
Plant Cell
12
11
1
10

1. Nucleus
2. Golgi body
9
3. Vesicle 2
4. Lysosome
5. Plasma membrane
8 3
6. Mitochondria
7. Chloroplast
8. Cell wall
4
9. Vacuole
10. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum 5
11. Rough endoplasmic reticulum 7

12. Nucleolus 6
Animal cell Plant cell

1. G e n erall y s m a l l i n s i ze 1. G e n erall y l a rge i n s i ze

2. Ce l l wa l l i s a bs ent 2. Ce l l wa l l i s p resent

3. P l a st ids a re a bs ent 3. P l a st ids a re p re sent

4. Va c uo les a re s ma l l er i n s i ze 4. Va c uo les a re l a rger i n s i ze

a n d l e s s i n n u mb e r a n d mo re i n n u m b e r

5. Ce nt r i oles a re p res ent 5. Ce nt r i oles a re a bs ent

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