NAME

GRADE AND SECTION

TEACHER ERVIN B. COLIFLORES
MODULE NUMBER 12 TRACKING NUMBER

CONTENT STANDARD • Demonstrates understanding of key concepts of algebraic expressions, the

properties of real numbers as applied in linear equations, and inequalities in
one variable.
UNIT 2: ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSION
PERFORMANCE • Is able to model situations using oral, written, graphical, and algebraic
STANDARD methods in solving problems
involving algebraic expressions, linear equations, and inequalities in one
variable.
MOST ESSENTIAL • Adds and subtracts polynomials.
LEARNING
COMPETENCIES
Pre-Assessment
Write TRUE if algebraic symbols is appropriate in mathematical statement and FALSE if it is
incorrect.
______1. To add two polynomials, use the commutative and associative properties
______2 Use the distributive property to distribute the negation to each term inside the
parenthesis.
______3. To subtract two polynomials, change the subtraction to addition of the opposite and then
add.
______4. A monomial is an algebraic expression that consists of only one term.
______ 5. The number in front of the variable is called the numerical coefficient.

Adding and Subtracting Polynomials

• A variable is a quantity represented by a letter.
• A polynomial is the sum of terms that contain variables raised to positive integer or zero
powers and that have no variables in any denominator.
• A term is one of the addends in an addition expression. For example, in the expression
2x + 4, the terms are 2x and 4.
• The parts of each term that are multiplied are the factors of the term. For example, in
the term 2x from the example above, the factors are 2 and x.
• Like terms have the same variable factors raised to the same powers. For example, in
the expression
2x2 + 3x+ 7+ 3x2 + 4x+ 9, the 2x2 and 3x2 are like terms, the 3x and 4x are like terms,
and the 7 and 9 are like terms.

Adding Polynomials: To add two polynomials, use the commutative and associative
properties of addition to rewrite the sum so that like terms are grouped, and then use the
distributive property to combine like terms.

Example 1: Simplify.
a. (2x+ 7)+(4x−9) = (2x+ 7)+(4x+(−9))
= 2x+ 7+ 4x+(−9)
= 2x+4x+7+(-9)
= (2+4)x+(−2)
= 6x−2

Negating Polynomials: If there is a negative sign directly preceding the parenthesis

surrounding a polynomial, the negative sign applies to each term inside the parenthesis.
Use the distributive property to distribute the negation to each term inside the parenthesis.
You may think of the negative preceding the parenthesis as a –1, and use the rules for
multiplying signed numbers.
Example 2: Simplify.
a. −(5x + 7) =−1(5x + 7)
=(−1)(5x)+(−1)(7)
=− 5x +(−7)
 =−5x − 7
Subtracting Polynomials: To subtract two polynomials, change the subtraction to addition
of the opposite and then add.

Example: Simplify.
a. (2x +3)−(5x +7) = (2x +3)+(−1)(5x +7)
= 2x +3+(−1)(5x)+(−1)(7)
= 2x +3 +(−5x)+(−7)
= 2x +(−5x)+3 +(−7)
= (−3x)+(−4)
= −3x − 4

A monomial is an algebraic expression that consists of only one term. (A term is a

numerical or literal expression with its own sign.) For instance, 9 x, 4 a2, and 3 mpx2 are
all monomials. The number in front of the variable is called the numerical coefficient. In
9 x, 9 is the coefficient.

Adding and subtracting monomials

To add or subtract monomials, follow the same rules as with signed numbers, provided

that the terms are alike. Notice that you add or subtract the coefficients only and leave
the variables the same.

Example 1
ADDITION OF MONOMIALS

3 3 31
a . 10 x +5 x ¿ 250 x
3 3 4 3 4
¿ 15 x g . 200 x y +5 x y
b . 9 x 9+ 8 x 9 ¿ 205 x 3 y 4
9 4 10 4 10
¿ 17 x h . 10 x y +5 x y
12 12 4 10
c .10 x + 20 x ¿ 15 x y
¿ 30 x12 i .10 x 30 y 20 +50 x 30 y 20
30 30 30 40
d .100 x + 500 x ¿ 60 x y
30 33 44 33 44
¿ 600 x j . 400 x y +50 x y
e .70 x 11+70 x 11 ¿ 450 x 33 y 44
11 50 50 50 50
¿ 140 x k . 900 x y + 100 x y
31 31 50 50
f . 200 x +50 x ¿ 1000 x y

SUBTRACTION OF MONOMIALS
 ST. MARY MAGDALENE COLLEGES OF LAGUNA
Purok 1, Uwisan, Calamba City
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
LEARNING MODULE IN MATHEMATICS 10
3 3
a . 10 x −5 x
3
¿5 x
20 20
b . 100 x −50 x
20
¿ 50 x
30 30
c . 900 x −200 x
30
¿ 700 x
80 80
d . 90 x −5 x
80
¿ 85 x
39 39
e .110 x −10 x
39
¿ 100 x
73 73
f . 102 x −52 x
73
¿ 50 x

ACTIVITY 1:
Perform the indicated operation given the polynomials. Show your solution.

POLYNOMIALS Solution
3 3
1. 100 x +5 x

3 3
2. 10 x +5 x

39 39
3. 10 x −8 x

4. 90 x 67−8 x 67

63 63
5. 690 x −5 x

6. 10 x 3 +85 x 3

53 53
7. 560 x −58 x

3 3
8. 160 x +85 x

83 83
9. 1078 x −578 x

3 3
10. 1078 x +589 x

Reference: https://www.cliffsnotes.com/study-guides/algebra/algebra-i/monomials-polynomials-and-
factoring/monomials

PAGE 3 MODULE 12
ST. MARY MAGDALENE COLLEGES OF LAGUNA
Purok 1, Uwisan, Calamba City
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
LEARNING MODULE IN MATHEMATICS 10

PAGE 4 MODULE 12