Similarities

Santiago Alvarez’ “Katipunan and the

Revolution: Memoirs of a General” and
Agoncillo’s “The Revolt of the Masses,
the story of Bonifacio and the
Katipunan: Seed of Discontent” both
highlighted happenings on the 25th of
March 1897 during the Tejeros
Convention at Cavite.

Differences

 Primary source: Santiago

Alvarez attended and
participated in the meeting.
Also, he witnessed the
happenings.
This document can be considered as a
primary source because it is created
during the time. Yung lahat ng
nasaksihan ni Alvarez ayun lang lahat
ng transpired niya wherein it offers an
inside view of the happenings during
the assembly.

 Alvarez concentrated on the

outcome of the election. It
began with the Tejeros
gathering and concluded with
the delegation of the officials.
Since Alvarez had nothing to rely on
in writing and based entirely on what
he observed as an attendee of the
said convention. The details are only
limited kasi ayun lang ang mga
nasaksihan niya and kasama siya.

 Secondary source- Teodoro

Agoncillo did not attend the
meeting and instead based his
interpretation of the actual event
on the testimonies.
So, ang ginawa niya to compose
this work is to Interpret and
analyze primary sources which the
main goal of the secondary
sources.

 Since galing sa ibat ibang point

of view, eyewitnesses and work
ni Agoncillo
 He was thorough and detailed
since he considered what
 occurred both before and after
the convention.
Yung Agoncillo’s version is a
secondary source because it already
had the primary source to guide the
writer on what more he could add
and kung ano ang mga nainterpret
niya sa other sources.

For HISTORICAL CRITICISM, It has 2

types which is the external and internal
criticism
EXTERNAL CRITICISM
Ginagawa tong criticism to deal with
the problem of authenticity
Both the excerpts' date is not
Anachronistic (meaning appropriate
yung mga tao and event sa year na
yun).
For example
Bonifacio occupied the chair of the
head table. (Teodoro Agoncillo’s “Seed
of Discontent”)
Those who are seated at the head table
signifies being important people or
imposing that they have the authority
among the others.

Appropriate yun sa year na yun since

hindi basta basta na umuupo ang isang
tao dati sa dulo ng lamesa dahil
exclusive lang yung upuan na yun sa
may mataas na position among the
others.
Mr. Daniel Tirona requested for a
restoration of order (Santiago Alvarez'
"Memoirs of a General"
Acknowledgement of people on
educated individual having a better skill
to lead.
dati kasi isang privilege yung makapag
aral so mataas yung tingin ng tao sayo
once may pinag aralan ka. So binase ni
Mr. Tirona na a lawyer would be better
in leading.
2. Mate test din yung authenticity ng
gawa based sa custody . As for what
I’ve searched Alvarez' work is under the
custody of Ateneo de Manila University
Press (1992) and University of the
Philippines Press: Q.C. (2002)
INTERNAL CRITICISM
- deals with the problem of
credibility.
Santiago Alvarez somehow became
subjective on his part as he did not
included or altered the happening
wherein he and Mr. Severino de las
Alas argued.
2.Teodoro Agoncillo corroborates as his
work is a secondary souces that
requires rest upon the testimony of
two or more reliable witnesses.

That concludes my discussion. Thank

you for listening.