Mathematics: Quarter 3

Moodle Course Guide
QUARTER 3
MATHEMATICS
Geometry
Mathematics 9 – Course Guide
Mathematics is a skills subject. By itself, it is all about quantities, shapes and

figures, functions, logic, and reasoning. Mathematics is also a tool of science and a
language complete with its own notations and symbols and “grammar” rules, with
which concepts and ideas are effectively expressed.
This course is designed to emphasize the study of the theorems and

applications of parallelograms and triangle similarities. This is designed for self-
study. Each lesson features a topic for you to learn by reading online articles,
watching videos and PowerPoint presentations, and engaging in a learning activity,
such as taking a quiz and posting a short reflection in a discussion forum.
At the end of the third quarter, you should be able to demonstrate an

understanding of the key concepts of demonstrates understanding of key concepts
of parallelograms and triangle similarity. Take note that all learning tasks
must be completed within the given time specified by your teacher. Failure
to accomplish the given learning tasks may result to an incomplete grade.
WHAT ARE THE SKILLS THAT I CAN DEVELOP?
CONTENT STANDARD
The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts of parallelograms and

triangle similarity.
PERFORMANCE STANDARD
The learner is able to investigate, analyze, and solve problems involving

parallelograms and triangle similarity through appropriate and accurate
representation.
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MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING OUTPUTS AND ACTIVITIES TO BE

DURATION
COMPETENCIES COMPLETED
Determines the conditions that make a

quadrilateral a parallelogram. • Learning Task 1.1: To drag or not to drag?
LESSON 1 • Learning Task 1.2: PARALLELOteristics
1 week Uses properties to find measures of • Learning Task 1.3: My X's and Y's
angles, sides and other quantities • Learning Task 1.4: Can you solve it?
involving parallelograms.
• Learning Task 2.1: Spot that

Proves theorems on the different kinds of
LESSON 2 parallelogram!
parallelogram (rectangle, rhombus,
1 week • Learning task 2.2: Figure it out
square).
• Learning Task 2.3: And I have learned...
Proves the Midline Theorem. • Learning Task 3.1: Try These!

LESSON 3 • Learning Task 3.2: Find My Measure
1 week • Learning Task 3.3: Solve it!
Proves theorems on trapezoids and kites.
• Learning Task 3.4: You Complete Me
• Learning Task 4.1: Choose Wisely!

LESSON 4 Solves problems involving parallelograms, • Learning Task 4.2: Let's Do This
1 week trapezoids and kites. • Learning Task 4.3: Quadrilateral Family
Tree
Describes a proportion.
• Learning Task 5.1: Proportion or Not?
LESSON 5 • Learning Task 5.2: What is more?
Applies the fundamental theorems of
1 week • Learning Task 5.3: What I have learned?
proportionality to solve problems
• Learning Task 5.4: Solve it Now!
involving proportions.
Illustrates similarity of figures.

• Learning Task 6.1: Find my X and Don’t
LESSON 6 Proves the conditions for similarity of ask Y
1 week triangles: (a.) SAS similarity theorem, (b.) • Learning Task 6.2: Let’s Prove it!
SSS similarity theorem, (c.) AA similarity • Learning Task 6.3: What I have learned?
theorem
Illustrates similarity of figures.

• Learning Task 7.1: Is it RIGHT?
LESSON 7 Proves the conditions for similarity of • Learning Task 7.2: Points to ponder
1 week triangles: (a.) Right triangle similarity • Learning Task 7.3: With √2 or √3 ?
theorem (b.) Special right triangle • Learning Task 7.4: Shortcuts..
theorems
Applies the theorems to show that given

triangles are similar. • Learning Task 8.1: Go! Pyth! Win!
LESSON 8 • Learning Task 8.2: Triples and more...
Proves the Pythagorean Theorem.
1 week • Learning Task 8.3: Is it SAME-milar?
Solves problems that involve triangle • Learning Task 8.4: Aye! Aye! Captain!
similarity and right triangles.
END OF THIRD QUARTER
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The following are the parts of the lesson that guides us in meeting our target
expectations.
The lesson content and learning objectives is presented here. This part also
provides preliminary activity that introduces initial concepts on the learning
targets.
The actual lesson presentation is done in this part. This part also includes
self-check activity on learner’s background knowledge about the target concept.
This part enables the learners to be engaged in various tasks and

opportunities which also exposes them to additional real-life tasks that shall ignite
their interest which will allow them to meet the learning expectations and fully
understand the skills and concepts.
This part will bring the learners to a process where they shall demonstrate
ideas, interpretation, mindset or values and create pieces of information that will
form part of their knowledge in reflecting, relating or using it effectively in any
situation.
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WHAT ARE THESE ICONS IN MOODLE?
Presented here are the icons that you will see as we go along our
lessons. Scroll down to view these icons along with their functions.
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Learning Resource 1.1: What I need to know?
Geometric figures with four sides can be seen everywhere. These four-sided
polygons are called quadrilaterals.
Look around. Can you identify objects that are quadrilateral? Some of those
figures can be parallelograms. How would you know whether a quadrilateral is a
parallelogram or not? What are the characteristics or properties that makes it a
parallelogram?
In this lesson, you will be able to determine the conditions that make a
quadrilateral a parallelogram.
Learning Resource 1.2: Theorem 1
In your previous year, you have learned that a parallelogram is a quadrilateral

with both pairs of opposite sides parallel.
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The following is theorem 1 or a condition that guarantee a quadrilateral to be a

parallelogram.
Examples
Prove that quadrilateral ABCD is a parallelogram. Explain your answer.
Answer: No, the diagonals do not bisect each other. So, ABCD is not a
parallelogram.
7
Answer: Yes, the diagonals bisect each other. So, ABCD is a parallelogram.
Learning Resource 1.3: Theorem 2 and 3
The following are theorems 2 and 3 or conditions that guarantee a quadrilateral to

be a parallelogram.
Examples
Prove that quadrilateral ABCD is a parallelogram. Explain your answer.
Answer: Yes, both pairs of opposite angles are congruent. So, ABCD is a
parallelogram.
8
Answer: No, the given information is not enough to prove that ABCD is a
parallelogram.
Learning Resource 1.4: Theorem 4 and 5
The following are theorems 4 and 5 or conditions that guarantee a quadrilateral to

be a parallelogram.
Examples
Can you prove that quadrilateral ABCD is a parallelogram? Explain your answer.
Answer: No, only one pair of opposite sides are congruent. We are not sure if they
are parallel. So, ABCD is not a parallelogram.
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Answer: Yes, 𝐴𝐵̅̅̅̅ ‖ 𝐷𝐶

̅̅̅̅ , and 𝐴𝐵
̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐷𝐶
̅̅̅̅ , both pairs of opposite angles are congruent. So,
ABCD is a parallelogram.
To further your understanding, watch the video discussion below:
Week 1 Quarter 3 ETUlay
DepEd TV - Official. (2021). Math 9 - Friday Week1 Q3 ETUlay [YouTube

Video]. In YouTube. youtube.com/watch?v=Tj1tDG-oB4A&t=284s
Learning Task 1.1: To drag or not to drag?
IMPORTANT REMINDERS:
1. You have a maximum of 5 attempts.

2. The passing score is 8 points.
3. The highest score will be recorded
GOOD LUCK!
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Learning Resource 1.5: Properties of a Parallelogram
In the previous lesson, you have learned the theorems or conditions that will
make a quadrilateral a parallelogram. Now, let us extend your knowledge on
parallelogram.
In this lesson, you will be able to use different properties to find the measures of
angles, sides and other quantities of parallelograms.
Study the figure that follows:
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̅̅̅̅ ‖ 𝐸𝑉
Given: ▱𝐿𝑂𝑉𝐸 is a parallelogram, 𝐿𝑂 ̅̅̅̅ and 𝐿𝐸 ̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅ ‖ 𝑂𝑉
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Properties of Parallelograms
youtu.be/T4h5Hi4w0FE
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Learning Task 1.2: PARALLELOteristics

GOOD LUCK!
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Learning Task 1.3: My X's and Y's

GOOD LUCK!
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Learning Task 1.4: Can you solve it?

GOOD LUCK!
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Books / Modules
• Oronce, O.A., Mendoza, M.O. E-MATH Worktext in Mathematics, REX

Bookstore, Inc., 2019
• Tizon, L.T.; Ulpina, J.N. Math Builders Second Year. Valenzuela City: JO-ES
Publishing House, Inc., 2014.
• Prepuse, C., Rapatan, J., (2020). Mathematics 9 Quarter 3 Learning Activity
Sheets. CITY OF DASMARIÑAS, Region IV-A - CAVITE.
• Department of Education.Philippines. “EASE Module 1 Properties of
Quadrilaterals.” Department of Education,
2010. https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/detail/1759
• Mathematics Learner’s Material for Grade 9. ., n.d.
Videos
• EASY PINOY MATH. (2020). PARALLELOGRAMS DEFINITION, PROPERTIES,

THEOREMS, SAMPLE PROBLEMS | GRADE 9 MATH | TAGLISH [YouTube
Video]. In YouTube. youtube.com/watch?v=T4h5Hi4w0FE
• DepEd TV - Official. (2021). Math 9 - Friday Week1 Q3 ETUlay [YouTube
Video]. In YouTube. youtube.com/watch?v=Tj1tDG-oB4A&t=284s
Websites
• https://www.west-
jefferson.k12.oh.us/Downloads/Geometry%20Glencoe%202003%20ch8.pdf
• https://portal.mywccc.org/High%20School%20Academic%20Departments/
Math/PH%20Geometry/Resources/GETE0602.pdf
• https://ncert.nic.in/ncerts/l/iemh109.pdf
• https://cpb-us-
e1.wpmucdn.com/cobblearning.net/dist/6/2967/files/2017/10/6.2Properti
esofParallelogramsbookpages-wmeblx.pdf
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadrilateral
• https://askinglot.com/what-is-the-root-word-of-
parallelogram#:~:text=The%20word%20%22parallelogram%22%20comes%2
0from,and%20squares%20are%20all%20parallelograms.&text=One%20pair
%20of%20opposite%20sides%20is%20parallel%20and%20equal%20in%20le
ngth.
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In the previous lesson, you have learned that a parallelogram is a quadrilateral

with both pairs of opposite sides parallel and congruent, both pairs of opposite
angles congruent, diagonals bisect each other and consecutive angles are
supplementary.
After going through this lesson, you should be able to prove theorems on the
different kinds of parallelograms; rectangle, rhombus and a square.
Learning Resource 2.2: Special Parallelograms
There are special types of parallelograms.
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Since they are also parallelograms, they also have the same properties as any
parallelogram. However, because they are special parallelograms, they also have
additional properties.
RECTANGLE
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Examples:
Given: ▭𝑀𝐼𝑁𝐸 is a rectangle, complete the statements and explain your answers.
Answers:
RHOMBUS
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Examples:
Given: ▱𝑀𝐼𝑁𝐸 is a rhombus, complete the statements and explain your answers.
Answers:
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Examples:
Answers:
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SQUARE
To prove this theorem, use the proof in the previous theorem as your guide.
Squares have all the properties of rectangles and rhombuses. Since rectangles
and rhombus are both parallelograms, they have all the properties of a
parallelogram.
Examples:
Answers:
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Special Cases of Parallelograms

youtu.be/X1klhqNHeJk

youtu.be/4vxVdn55MRE
Learning Task 2.1: Spot that parallelogram!

GOOD LUCK!
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Learning task 2.2: Figure it out

GOOD LUCK!
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Learning Task 2.3: And I have learned...
DIRECTIONS:
1. Click the "ADD SUBMISSION" button.

2. Scroll down and type your answer in the space provided in the
assignment editor.
3. There are NO images to be submitted.
4. Click the "SAVE CHANGES" button.
YOUR TASK:
What are the different properties of each special parallelograms?

Provide your answer using the template below:
THE PROPERTIES OF SPECIAL PARALLELOGRAMS
RECTANGLES
A. Sides -
B. Angles -
C. Diagonals -
RHOMBUS
A. Sides -
B. Angles -
C. Diagonals -
SQUARE
A. Sides -
B. Angles -
C. Diagonals -
HERE IS HOW YOU WILL BE GRADED:
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Books / Modules

Videos
• Don't Memorise. (2014). What is a Parallelogram? | Special Cases of

Parallelogram | Don’t Memorise [YouTube Video]. In YouTube.
youtube.com/watch?v=X1klhqNHeJk
Video]. In YouTube. youtube.com/watch?v=4vxVdn55MRE&t=320s
Websites
• https://cpb-us-
• https://www.absorblearning.com/mathematics/demo/units/KCA035.html
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The Midline Theorem
The midline of a triangle (also called a mid-segment) is a segment joining the

midpoints of two sides of a triangle.
In this lesson, we will prove the midline theorem using the properties of a
parallelogram.
Learning Resource 3.2: What is it?
A midline of a triangle is a segment connecting the midpoints of two sides of

a triangle. There are two important properties of midline that combine to make
the Midline Theorem. It is always parallel to the third side, and the length of
the midline is half the length of the third side.
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Midline Theorem B
The segment that joins ̅̅̅̅ is a midline.
𝑫𝑬
the midpoints of two sides D is the midpoint of ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵.
of a triangle is parallel to ̅̅̅̅
E is the midpoint of 𝐶𝐵.
D E
the third side of the ̅̅̅̅ and
̅̅̅̅ ‖ 𝐴𝐶
𝐷𝐸
triangle and half the
1
length of that third side of A C 𝐷𝐸 = 𝐴𝐶
2
the triangle.
For this proof, we will utilize an auxiliary line, congruent triangles and the
properties of a parallelogram.
F
Given: ∆𝐷𝐸𝐹
̅̅̅̅ . 3
M is the midpoint of 𝐷𝐹
N is the midpoint of ̅̅̅̅
𝐹𝐸 .
1 1 N
Prove: ̅̅̅̅̅
𝑀𝑁 ‖ ̅̅̅̅
𝐷𝐸 and 𝑀𝑁 = 𝐷𝐸 M
2 2 L
4
D E
Proof:
Statements Reasons
1. ∆𝐷𝐸𝐹, M is the midpoint of ̅̅̅̅

𝐷𝐹 . Given
N is the midpoint of ̅̅̅̅
𝐹𝐸 .
1. ̅̅̅̅̅
𝑀𝑁 is a midline A midline joins the midpoints of two sides of a
triangle.
2. Through E draw line parallel Through a point not on a line, only one line can
to ̅̅̅̅
𝐷𝐹. Extend ̅̅̅̅̅ 𝑀𝑁 to intersect be drawn parallel to the given line. Parallel
at L. Postulate.
3. 𝐷𝑀̅̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝑀𝐹
̅̅̅̅̅ ; 𝐸𝑁
̅̅̅̅ ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝑁𝐹 Midpoint of a segment divides a segment into 2
congruent segments.
4. ∠3 ≅ ∠4 If 2 parallel lines are cut by a transversal, the
alternate interior angles are congruent.
5. ∠1 ≅ ∠2 Vertical angles are congruent.
6. ∆𝐹𝑁𝑀 ≅ ∆𝐸𝑁𝐿 ASA Congruence Postulate
7. ̅̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐸𝐿
𝐹𝑀 ̅̅̅̅; ̅̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
𝑁𝑀 ≅ 𝑁𝐿 CPCTC
8. ̅̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐸𝐿
𝐷𝑀 ̅̅̅̅ Transitive Property (4,8)
9. DMLE is a parallelogram A quadrilateral with one pair of sides both ||
and congruent is a parallelogram.
10. ̅̅̅̅̅
𝑴𝑵 ‖ ̅̅̅̅
𝑫𝑬 A parallelogram has two pairs of opposite sides
parallel.
̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐷𝐸
11. 𝑀𝐿 ̅̅̅̅ Opposite sides of a parallelogram are
congruent.
12. MN + NL = ML Segment Addition Postulate
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13. MN + MN = DE Substitution (8,12)

14. 2MN = DE Addition (combine like terms)
𝟏
15. 𝑴𝑵 = 𝟐 𝑫𝑬 Multiplication Property of Equality (MPE)
Examples:
̅̅̅̅ and 𝐴𝐶
In ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶, D and E are midpoints of 𝐴𝐵 ̅̅̅̅ respectively.
Complete the following statements. A
1. AD = ____; AE = ____
̅̅̅̅ ‖ ____
2. 𝐵𝐶
1
3. 𝐷𝐸 = 2 ____ E
D
4. If AD = 4 cm, then AB = ____ and BD = ____
5. If BC = 10 cm, then DE = ____
B C
6. If DE = 10 cm, then BC = ____
Answers:
1. BD, CE because D and E are midpoints of ̅̅̅̅

𝐴𝐵 and ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐶 respectively,
then AD = BD; AE = CE
2. ̅̅̅̅
𝐷𝐸 the midline is parallel to the third side of the triangle
3. BC the length of the midline is half the length of the third side
4. 8 cm, 4 cm the midpoint divides the segment into two congruent parts
5. 5 cm the length of the midline is half the length of the third side
6. 20 cm the third side of the triangle is twice the length of the midline
Examples: R
Given: ∆𝑃𝑅𝑌 P
PR = 5x + 6, AS = 2x + 5
A
Find: x, PR and AS S
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Answer:
1
AS = 2 PR PR = 5x + 6 AS = 2x + 5
1
2x + 5 = 2 (5x + 6) PR = 5(4) + 6 AS = 2(4) + 5
4x + 10 = 5x + 6 PR = 20 + 6 AS = 8 + 5
x=4 PR = 26 AS = 13
1
Thus, AS = 2 PR
1
13 = 2 (26)
13 = 13
Midline Theorem
youtu.be/DO3_xRy5GdM
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Learning Task 3.1: Try These!

GOOD LUCK!
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Learning Task 3.2: Find My Measure

GOOD LUCK!
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Proving Theorems on Trapezoids and Kites
Are you familiar with trapezoid and kite?
They are also quadrilaterals but each has different characteristics and
properties.
In this lesson, we are going to prove some of the theorems and properties of
trapezoid and kite.
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Learning Resource 3.4: Theorems on Trapezoids
A trapezoid is a quadrilateral with exactly one pair of opposite sides parallel.

The parallel sides are called “bases” and the non-parallel sides are called “legs”
In trapezoid BEUT, ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ are the bases, and

𝐵𝐸 and 𝑇𝑈
̅̅̅̅ and 𝐸𝑈
𝐵𝑇 ̅̅̅̅ are the legs.
Y and A are the midpoints of 𝐵𝑇 ̅̅̅̅ and 𝐸𝑈
̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅
respectively. 𝑌𝐴 is the median of trapezoid BEUT.
The median or midline of a trapezoid is a segment
which joins the midpoints of the legs of the trapezoid.
Theorem
If ̅̅̅̅
𝑌𝐴 is a median of
The median of a trapezoid is trapezoid BEUT, then
parallel to each base, and its 𝐵𝐸 ∥ ̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅ 𝑌𝐴 ∥ ̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝑈 and
length is one half the sum of 1
the lengths of the bases. 𝑌𝐴 = (𝐵𝐸 + 𝑇𝑈)
2
Given: Trapezoid BEUT with

median ̅̅̅̅
𝑌𝐴
Prove:
1
𝐵𝐸 ∥ ̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅ 𝑌𝐴 ∥ ̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝑈; 𝑌𝐴 = (𝐵𝐸 + 𝑇𝑈)
2
Proof:
Statements Reasons
1. Trapezoid BEUT with median ̅̅̅̅𝑌𝐴 Given
2. Draw ̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐴, extending until it Two points determine exactly one line.
intersects with extension of ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐸 ,
at S.
3. Y is the midpoint of ̅̅̅̅

𝐵𝑇 A median of a trapezoid joins the
̅̅̅̅
A is the midpoint of 𝐸𝑈 midpoints of the legs.
4. ̅̅̅̅
𝐸𝐴 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝑈𝐴 Midpoint of a segment forms two
congruent segments.
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̅̅̅̅ ‖ 𝑇𝑈
5. 𝐵𝐸 ̅̅̅̅ Trapezoid has at least one pair of parallel
sides.
6. ∠1 ≅ ∠2 If 2 parallel lines are cut by a trans., the
alternate interior ∠ are congruent.
7. ∠3 ≅ ∠4 Vertical angles are congruent.
8. ∆𝑇𝑈𝐴 ≅ ∆𝑆𝐸𝐴 ASA Congruence Postulate
̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝑆𝐴
9. 𝑇𝐴 ̅̅̅̅; 𝑇𝑈 ̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝑆𝐸 CPCTC
10. A is the midpoint of TS Midpoint of a segment forms two
congruent segments.
11. ̅̅̅̅
𝑌𝐴 is the midline of ∆𝑇𝐵𝑆 Midline of a triangle joins the midpoints of
two sides of triangle.
12. ̅̅̅̅
𝑌𝐴 ∥ ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐸 Midline of triangle is parallel to the third
side of the triangle.
13. ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
𝑌𝐴 ∥ 𝑇𝑈 If 2 lines are parallel to the same line, they
are parallel to each other.
1
14. 𝑌𝐴 = 𝐵𝑆; 2𝑌𝐴 = 𝐵𝑆 Midline of a triangle is one half of the
2
length of the third side of the triangle.
15. BS = ES + BE Segment Addition Postulate
16. TU = ES Congruent segments have the same
length.
17. BS = TU + BE Substitution
18. 2𝑌𝐴 = TU + BE Substitution
1
19. 𝑌𝐴 = 2 (𝐵𝐸 + 𝑇𝑈) Multiplication Property of Equality
Examples: Find the lengths of the median of trapezoid ABCD.

1. 2. C
x
7
B C
B Y
X Y
D
X
A D
11
A
10
Answers:
1 1
1. XY = (𝐵𝐶 + 𝐴𝐷) 2. XY = (𝐵𝐶 + 𝐴𝐷) XY = 2x – 1
2 2
1 1
XY = 2 (7 + 11) 2x – 1 = 2 (𝑥 + 10) XY = 2(4) – 1
1
XY = 2
(18) 4x – 2 = 𝑥 + 10 XY = 7
XY = 9 3x = 12
x=4
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B E
If the legs of the trapezoid are congruent, then it
is called an isosceles trapezoid.
𝐵𝑀 and ̅̅̅̅
In isosceles trapezoid BEAM, the legs ̅̅̅̅̅ 𝐸𝐴
M A
are congruent.
The following are properties and theorems on isosceles trapezoid.
1. The base angles are congruent. ∠𝑀 ≅ ∠𝐴; ∠𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐸

̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅̅
2. Diagonals are congruent. 𝐵𝐴 ≅ 𝐸𝑀
3. Opposite angles are supplementary.
∠𝐵 and ∠𝐴 are supplementary angles; 𝑚∠𝐵 + 𝑚∠𝐴 = 180
∠𝑀 and ∠𝐸 are supplementary angles; 𝑚∠𝑀 + 𝑚∠𝐸 = 180
Examples: M 40° A
Given: MATH is an isosceles trapezoid; 𝑚∠𝑀= 40°
1. Find the 𝑚∠𝐴, 𝑚∠𝑇 and 𝑚∠𝐻

H T
Answer: MATH is an isosceles trapezoid.
So, ∠𝑀 ≅ ∠𝐴 because base angles of an isosceles trapezoid are congruent.
𝑚∠𝐴 = 40°
∠𝑀 and ∠𝑇 are opposite angles. Thus, they are supplementary.
𝑚∠𝑀 + 𝑚∠𝑇 = 180°
40° + 𝑚∠𝑇 = 180°
𝑚∠𝑇 = 140°
Since 𝑚∠𝑇 = ∠𝐻 because base angles are congruent, then 𝑚∠𝐻 = 140°
2. a. If MT = 5, then AH = ___
b. If AH = 12, then MT = ___
c. If AH = 2x + 3 and MT = 17, find x and AH.
Answer:
a. By the theorem, diagonals of an isosceles trapezoid are congruent
̅̅̅̅ . So, AH = 5.
̅̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐴𝐻
𝑀𝑇
b. MT = 12
c. AH = MT AH = 2x + 3
2x + 3 = 17 AH = 2(7) + 3
2x = 17 – 3 AH = 17
x=7
50
Learning Resource 3.5: Theorems on Kites

A
A kite is a quadrilateral whose four sides are drawn

such that there are two distinct sets of adjacent, congruent
D B
sides.
̅̅̅̅ and 𝐴𝐵
The adjacent sides, 𝐴𝐷 ̅̅̅̅ are congruent,
̅̅̅̅ and 𝐵𝐶
𝐷𝐶 ̅̅̅̅ are also congruent.
Theorem
B
If a quadrilateral is a kite, If 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷 is a kite,
then its diagonals are E then
C
perpendicular. A ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐶 ⊥ ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐷 .
Given: kite ABCD
̅̅̅̅ ⊥ 𝐵𝐷
Prove: 𝐴𝐶 ̅̅̅̅
Proof:
Statements Reasons
1. kite ABCD Given

̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐴𝐵
2. 𝐴𝐷 ̅̅̅̅; 𝐷𝐶
̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐵𝐶
̅̅̅̅ A kite has 2 distinct sets of congruent adjacent
sides.
3. ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐶 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐶 Reflexive property.
4. ∆𝐴𝐷𝐶 ≅ ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 SSS Congruence Postulate
5. ∠𝐷𝐴𝐶 ≅ ∠𝐵𝐴𝐶 CPCTC
6. ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐸 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐸 Reflexive property
7. ∆𝐴𝐷𝐸 ≅ ∆𝐴𝐵𝐸 SAS Congruence Postulate
8. ∠𝐴𝐸𝐷 ≅ ∠𝐴𝐸𝐵 CPCTC
9. 𝑚∠𝐴𝐸𝐷 + 𝑚∠𝐴𝐸𝐵 = 180° Angles that form a linear pair are

supplementary.
10. 𝑚∠𝐴𝐸𝐵 + 𝑚∠𝐴𝐸𝐵 = 180° Substitution
11. 2𝑚∠𝐴𝐸𝐵 = 180° Addition (combine like terms)
51
12. 𝑚∠𝐴𝐸𝐵 = 90° Multiplication Property of Equality (MPE)
13. ∠𝐴𝐸𝐵 is a right angle A right angle has a measure of 90º.

̅̅̅̅ ⊥ 𝐵𝐷
14. 𝐴𝐶 ̅̅̅̅ Perpendicular lines meet to form right angles.
The following are the other properties and theorems on kite.

A
1. If a quadrilateral is a kite, it has one pair of opposite

D B
angles congruent.
∠𝐷 ≅ ∠𝐵 but ∠𝐴 ≇ ∠𝐶
2. If a quadrilateral is a kite, it has one diagonal forming two

congruent triangles. C
- diagonal ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐶 divides the kite into two congruent
triangles, ∆𝐴𝐷𝐶 ≅ ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶.
Take note that there is only ONE diagonal that forms the two congruent
triangles. If diagonal ̅̅̅̅
𝐷𝐵 is drawn, it will not yield to two congruent triangles
3. If a quadrilateral is a kite, it has one diagonal forming two non-congruent

isosceles triangles.
- diagonal 𝐷𝐵̅̅̅̅ divides the kite into two non-congruent isosceles triangles,
∆𝐷𝐴𝐵 and ∆𝐵𝐶𝐷.
Take note that there is only ONE diagonal that forms the two isosceles triangles.
̅̅̅̅ is drawn, it will not yield to two isosceles triangles.
If diagonal 𝐴𝐶
Theorems on Trapezoids and Kites

youtu.be/_quoUOXLX48

youtu.be/pbG8x7xoxnI
52
Learning Task 3.3: Solve it!

GOOD LUCK!
53
Learning Task 3.4: You Complete Me
DIRECTIONS FOR ONLINE SUBMISSION:
1. Choose only ONE theorem to prove in the activity “You Complete

Me”. Write your solution on a clean sheet of paper.
2. Scan or take a picture of your solution (Use Clear Scan App).
3. Save your file following this format: Task 3.4_Surname, FirstName
Example: Task 3.4_Pascual, Piolo
4. Click the "Add Submission".

5. Drag or drop your files in the box or just click the "Add File" button to add
files. It accepts PDF and image files only.
6. Click "Save Changes".
YOUR TASK:
Complete the proof of the following theorems on trapezoids and kites. Fill in the
blanks with the correct statements and reasons.
54
55
ASSIGNMENT TEMPLATE:
56
Books / Modules

Videos
• Tine Prepuse. (2021). Theorem on Trapezoids and Kites [YouTube Video]. In

YouTube. youtube.com/watch?v=_quoUOXLX48
• Tine Prepuse. (2021). Midline Theorem [YouTube Video]. In YouTube.
youtube.com/watch?v=DO3_xRy5GdM
• Educational Technology Unit. (2021). Math 9 - Friday Week3 Q3 ETUlay
[YouTube Video]. In YouTube. youtube.com/watch?v=pbG8x7xoxnI&t=284s
Websites
• https://cpb-us-
• https://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/trapezoid.html
• https://mathworld.wolfram.com/Trapezium.html
• https://mathbitsnotebook.com/Geometry/BasicTerms/BTproofs.html
57
The previous lessons led you into proving theorems of parallelograms,

trapezoids and kites as well as their properties. But how can we apply these
properties and theorems into our daily lives?
In this lesson, you will be able to apply these properties and theorems in
solving problems involving parallelograms, trapezoids and kites.
In solving word problems, take note of the following steps:
1. Read and understand the problem. Identify what is needed to solve the
problem or determine the scenario the problem you wants to solve.
2. Translate the statements. You may need to draw a simple illustration to
help you picture out the problem.
3. Write the equation.
4. Solve the equation.
5. Check or verify the solutions obtained.
6. State and finalize your answer.
58
Example 1: Find the area of a square if its perimeter is 24 cm.

Answer:
𝑃 = 4𝑠 Perimeter of a square
20 𝑐𝑚 = 4𝑠 Substitute 20 cm for the perimeter P
5 𝑐𝑚 = 𝑠 Solve for s. Apply Multiplication Property of Equality (MPE)
The length of its side is 5 cm.
Now, let us find the area of the square. The area of the square is
𝐴𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒 = 𝑠 2 Area of the square
𝐴𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒 = (5 𝑐𝑚)2 Substitute s = 5 cm
𝐴𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒 = 25 𝑐𝑚2 Solve
Therefore, the area of the square is 25 cm2.
Example 2: Find the perimeter of a square if its area is of 64 cm2.

Answer:
𝐴𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒 = 𝑠 2 Area of the square
64 𝑐𝑚2 = 𝑠 2 Substitute 64 cm2 for the area A
8 𝑐𝑚 = 𝑠 Solve for s by extracting the roots
The length of its side is 8 cm.
Now, let us find the perimeter of the square. The perimeter of the square is
𝑃 = 4𝑠 Perimeter of a square
𝑃 = 4(8 𝑐𝑚) Substitute s = 8 cm
𝑃 = 32 𝑐𝑚 Solve
Therefore, the perimeter of the square is 32 cm.
Example 3: Ronan and his dad are planting a rectangular garden. The area of the
garden is 216 m2, and the width is 12 m. What is length of the garden?
Answer:
𝐴=𝑙𝑥𝑤 Area of a rectangle
2
216 𝑚 = 𝑙 (12 𝑚) Substitute the area and the width
18 𝑚 = 𝑙 Solve by applying Multiplication Property of Equality
(MPE)
Therefore, the length of the garden is 18 m.
59
Example 4: The keys of the xylophone shown form a

trapezoid. If the length of the lower pitched C is 12 cm
long, and the pitched B is 2 cm long, how long is the F
key?
Answer: The F key is the midsegment of the trapezoid.

By the Trapezoid Midline Theorem, the midline of a trapezoid is parallel to each
base and its measure is one half the sum of the lengths of the bases.
1
So, the length of the F key is 2 (12 𝑐𝑚 + 2𝑐𝑚) = 7 𝑐𝑚
Problems Involving Parallelograms, Trapezoids and Kites

youtu.be/V2KS--qLvro

youtu.be/TIPue3MKMz4
Learning Task 4.1: Choose Wisely!

GOOD LUCK!
Apply the properties and theorems in solving problems involving parallelograms,

trapezoids and kites. Choose the letter of the correct answer.
60
61
62
Learning Task 4.2: Let's Do This

GOOD LUCK!
63
64
Learning Task 4.3: Quadrilateral Family Tree
DIRECTIONS:
1. Create the Quadrilateral Family Tree Flow Chart/Concept Map. Write your
answers in a clean sheet of paper.
2. Scan or take a picture of your solution (Use Clear Scan App to save the
picture as PDF)
3. Save your file following this format: Task4.3_Surname,FirstName
5. To add files, drag or drop your files in the box or just click the Add File
button. It only accepts IMAGE and PDF file types.
6. Then, click Save Changes.
YOUR TASK:
Create the Quadrilateral Family Tree Flow Chart/Concept Map. Describe the
relationships between quadrilaterals.
These are examples of Family Tree or Concept Map.
4 3 2 1
The flow The flow The flow The flow

chart/concept chart/concept chart/concept chart/concept
Accuracy map is correct. map has no map has more map has more
more than two than two than 5 errors.
errors. errors.
65
The The The The

relationship relationship relationship relationship
between between between between
Organization
quadrilaterals quadrilaterals quadrilaterals quadrilaterals
of Concepts
is completely has one or has more has more
correct. two errors. than two than five
errors. errors.
Map has Map has Map has Map is
multiple clear several clear unclear confusing to
Lay-out hierarchies and hierarchies hierarchy and read with no
is well laid-out and is fairly is poorly laid- hierarchical
well laid-out out organization
Assignment Template:
66
Books / Modules

Videos
• EASY PINOY MATH. (2020). TRIANGLE PROPORTIONALITY THEOREM TPT |

GRADE 9 MATH | TAGLISH [YouTube Video]. In YouTube.
youtube.com/watch?v=cC-dUIHQ5uE

Video]. In YouTube. youtube.com/watch?v=TIPue3MKMz4&t=250s
Websites
• https://cpb-us-
https://www.absorblearning.com/mathematics/demo/units/KCA035.html
67
Ratio is defined as the comparison of sizes of two quantities of the same unit.
Proportion, on the other hand, refers to the equality of two ratios. The ratio is an
expression while proportion is an equation which can be solved.
In this lesson, you will be able to describe a proportion, identify properties of
proportion and use theorem of proportionality to solve problems involving
proportion.

Ratio is used to compare two or more quantities. Quantities involved in ratio
are of the same kind so that ratio does not make use of units. However, when
quantities are of different kinds, the comparison of the quantities that consider the
units is called rate. Proportion is the equality of two ratios.
Fundamental rule of proportion

𝑤 𝑦
If 𝑤: 𝑥 = 𝑦: 𝑧, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑥
= 𝑧
provided that 𝑥 ≠ 0; 𝑧 ≠ 0.
68
Illustrative Example 1:
Express the following ratios:
a. 1 meter to 20 centimeters Solution: 1 meter = 100 centimeters

100 5
20
= 1
𝑜𝑟 5: 1
b. 5 days to 2 weeks Solution: 2 weeks = 14 days

5
14
𝑜𝑟 5: 14
c. side of an equilateral Solution: 𝑃 = 3𝑠

triangle to its perimeter .
𝑃
=
1
3𝑠 3
STEPS IN SOLVING PROPORTION:
To check if the ratios a ∶ b and c ∶ d are proportional:

• Multiply the first term with the last term: (a)(d)
• Multiply the second term with the third term: (b)(c)
• If the product of the extreme terms is equal to the product of the mean
terms, then the ratios are proportional: (a)(d) = (b)(c)
Find out if the following ratios are in proportion: 8:10 and 12:15.
• Multiply the first and fourth terms of the ratios.

(8)(15) = 120
• Now multiply the second and third terms.

(10)(12) = 120
• Since, the product of means (120) = product of extremes (120). Therefore, 8:

10 and 12:15 are proportional.
69
Properties of proportions:
Rewrite the given proportions according to the property indicated in the table and
find out if the ratios in the rewritten proportions are still equal.
Triangle Proportionality Theorem

youtu.be/cC-dUIHQ5uE

youtu.be/peVCg10BKvU
70
Learning Task 5.1: Proportion or Not?

GOOD LUCK!
71
Learning Task 5.2: What is more?

GOOD LUCK!
72
73
Learning Task 5.3: What I have learned?

GOOD LUCK!
74
Learning Task 5.4: Solve it Now!
YOUR TASK:
Solve the following:
1. Yesterday there were 20 male adults, 177 children and 111 female adults in the
Picnic Grove. What was the ratio of children to male adults?
2. Alden and Maine share P360 in the ratio 4:5. How much does each receive?
HERE IS HOW YOU WILL BE GRADED FOR EACH ITEM:
DIRECTIONS FOR ONLINE SUBMISSION: Assignment Template:
1. Write your solution on a clean sheet of paper.

2. Scan or take a picture of your solution (Use
Clear Scan App).
3. Save your file following this format: Task
5.4_Surname, FirstName

5. Drag or drop your files in the box or just click
the "Add File" button to add files. It accepts
PDF and image files only.
75
Books / Modules

Videos
• Tine Prepuse. (2021). Problems Involving Parallelograms, Trapezoids and

Kites [YouTube Video]. In YouTube. youtube.com/watch?v=V2KS--qLvro
Video]. In YouTube. youtube.com/watch?v=peVCg10BKvU&t=192s
Websites
• https://cpb-us-
https://www.absorblearning.com/mathematics/demo/units/KCA035.html
76
In your previous year, you have learned that triangles are congruent if at least
three corresponding parts of one triangle are congruent to the corresponding parts
of another triangle. Now, we will learn that two objects are considered to be similar,
if they have the same shapes but not necessarily have the same sizes.
If two triangles are similar, then

a. the corresponding angles are congruent, and
b. the corresponding sides are proportional.
If ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝑋𝑌𝑍,
then ∠𝐴 ≅ ∠𝑋, ∠𝐵 ≅ ∠𝑌, ∠𝐶 ≅ ∠𝑍 and
𝐴𝐵 𝐵𝐶 𝐴𝐶
𝑋𝑌
= 𝑌𝑍 = 𝑋𝑍
77
We write ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝑋𝑌𝑍, the symbol ~ is read “is similar to”. Just like in
congruency, the order of the letters which sides and angles correspond. This
definition applies to all figures, not just triangles.
Example: Verify if the two triangles are similar. Write a statement of similarity.
Solution:
∠𝐷 ≅ ∠𝐶, ∠𝑂 ≅ ∠𝐴, and ∠𝐺 ≅ ∠𝑇. Also,
𝐷𝑂 12 𝟒 𝑂𝐺 16 𝟒 𝐷𝐺 20 𝟒
= = , = = , = = ,
𝐶𝐴 3 𝟏 𝐴𝑇 4 𝟏 𝐶𝑇 5 𝟏
4
where is the scale factor.
1
The two conditions of similarity are satisfied, so ∆𝑫𝑶𝑮~∆𝑪𝑨𝑻.
The scale factor is the ratio of the lengths of the two corresponding sides.
Learning Resource 6.3: Perimeters of Similar Polygons Theorem
Perimeters of Similar Polygons Theorem

If two polygons are similar, then the ratio of their perimeters is equal to the ratio of their
corresponding sides.
If ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶~∆𝑋𝑌𝑍,
𝐴𝐵+𝐵𝐶+𝐴𝐶 𝐴𝐵 𝐵𝐶 𝐴𝐶
then = 𝑋𝑌 = 𝑌𝑍 = 𝑋𝑍
𝑋𝑌+𝑌𝑍+𝑋𝑍
Example: In the figure, ∆𝐾𝑂𝑅~∆𝐽𝐴𝑃. O

A
a. Find the value of x.
53°
b. Find the value of y.
c. Find the ratio of the perimeter of ∆𝐾𝑂𝑅 to 9 10
18 x 1
the perimeter of ∆𝐽𝐴𝑃. 6 𝑦 63°
8
16
Solution:
78
Perimeters of Similar Triangles

youtu.be/pwObKAEcrGs
youtu.be/7WUCBi8ltWw
79
Learning Task 6.1: Find my X and Don't ask Y

GOOD LUCK!
80
81
Learning Resource 6.4: SSS Similarity Theorem
Two triangles are similar if all their corresponding angles are congruent and
their corresponding sides are proportional. It is not necessary to check all angles
and sides in order to tell if two triangles are similar. In fact, if you know only that
all sides are proportional, that is enough information to know that the triangles are
similar. This is called the SSS Similarity Theorem.
For examples 1 and 2 use the figures below:
82
83
84
SSS Similarity Theorem: Lesson (Basic Geometry Concepts)

youtu.be/SNG-pcPRuBk

Learning Resource 6.5: SAS Similarity Theorem
Triangles are similar if two sides in one triangle are proportional to the
corresponding sides in the other, and the included angles are equal.
In this lesson, you will be able to learn how to prove similar triangles using SAS
Similarity Theorem.
Example 1:
85
Example 2:
DP DQ
This gives us the proportion, = . But we located point Q so
DF DE
𝐷𝑃 𝐴𝐵
that DQ = AB. Substituting this changes, the proportion to = .
𝐷𝐹 𝐷𝐸
But we also know (from the hypothesis of what we are trying to prove) that
𝐴𝐵 𝐴𝐶 𝐷𝑃 𝐴𝐶
𝐷𝐸
= 𝐷𝐹 . Therefore, 𝐷𝐹
= 𝐷𝐹 , so DP = AC. Thus, triangle DQP is congruent to
triangle ABC by the SAS Congruence Postulate. Since triangles DQP and
DEF are similar, it therefore follows that triangles ABC and DEF are similar
(this is a transitive property applied to congruent and similar triangles).
Example 3:
Why is ΔRST ~ ΔZXY ?
It appears that they are similar by SAS similarity, but we must check to see
if ratios of the sides including the congruent angles are equal:
12 3 15 3
Ratio of shorter sides: = Ratio of longer sides: =
16 4 20 4
Since the ratios reduce to the same fraction, the triangles are similar.
SAS Similarity Theorem: Lesson (Basic Geometry Concepts)

youtu.be/_7KoqxucL-4
86
Learning Resource 6.6: AA Similarity Theorem
Triangles are similar if two corresponding angles of one triangle are congruent
to two angles of another triangle.
In this lesson, you will be able to learn how to prove similar triangles using AA
Similarity Theorem.
Illustrative Examples
Example 1: Proof of AA Similarity theorem is as follows
87
Example 2:
Determine if the following two triangles are similar. If so, write the similarity
statement.
Find the measure of the third angle in each triangle. 𝑚∠𝐺 = 48° and 𝑚∠𝑀 = 30° by
the Triangle Sum Theorem. Therefore, all three angles are congruent, so the two
triangles are similar. ΔFEG ~ ΔMLN
Triangle AA Similarity: Examples (Basic Geometry Concepts)

youtu.be/bzYNEm31pUc
88
Learning Task 6.2: Let's Prove it!

GOOD LUCK!
89
90
Learning Task 6.3: What I have learned?
DIRECTIONS:

assignment editor.
YOUR TASK:
Reflect on your learning based on the previous topic.
1. What are the concepts/processes to be remembered in identifying similar

triangles and polygons?
2. Did you encounter any difficulties while answering the tasks? If yes, what are
your plans to overcome them?
91
Books / Modules

Videos
• Koplon, R. (2016). Perimeters of Similar Triangles [YouTube Video]. In

YouTube. youtube.com/watch?v=pwObKAEcrGs
• CK-12 Foundation. (2013). SSS Similarity Theorem: Lesson (Basic Geometry
Concepts) [YouTube Video]. In YouTube. youtube.com/watch?v=SNG-
pcPRuBk
• CK-12 Foundation. (2013). SAS Similarity Theorem: Lesson (Basic Geometry
Concepts) [YouTube Video]. In YouTube.youtube.com/watch?v=_7KoqxucL-4
• CK-12 Foundation. (2013). Triangle AA Similarity: Examples (Basic
Geometry Concepts) [YouTube Video]. In YouTube.
youtube.com/watch?v=bzYNEm31pUc
Video]. In YouTube. youtube.com/watch?v=7WUCBi8ltWw&t=277s
Websites
• https://cpb-us-
https://sciencemadefun.net/blog/triangles-the-strongest-shape/
92
Proving Triangle Similarity: Right Triangle Similarity Theorem
Right Triangle Similarity Theorem
If the altitude is drawn to the hypotenuse of a right triangle, then the two
triangles formed are similar to the original triangle and to each other.
In this section, you will be able to prove the theorem stated above and be able to
apply the theorem on various geometric problems.
Learning Resource 7.2: Right Triangle Similarity Theorem and the Geometric
Mean
To prove the Right Triangle Similarity Theorem, we will use the two-column
proof below:
93
Given: ⊿𝐴𝐵𝐶 with ∠𝐴𝐵𝐶 as the right angle. C

𝐵𝐷 ̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅ is the altitude to the hypotenuse 𝐴𝐶 D
Prove: ⊿𝐴𝐷𝐵~⊿𝐴𝐵𝐶
⊿𝐵𝐷𝐶~⊿𝐴𝐵𝐶
⊿𝐴𝐷𝐵~⊿𝐵𝐷𝐶 B A
Proof:
Statements Reasons
1. ⊿𝐴𝐵𝐶 with ∠𝐴𝐵𝐶 as the right angle. Given

𝐵𝐷 is the altitude to the hypotenuse ̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅ 𝐴𝐶
2. 𝐵𝐷 ̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅ ⊥ 𝐴𝐶 Definition of altitude
3. ∠𝐴𝐷𝐵 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐵𝐷𝐶 are right angles Definition of Perpendicular
4. ⊿𝐴𝐷𝐵 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ⊿𝐵𝐷𝐶 are right triangles Definition of Right Triangles
5. ∠𝐴𝐷𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐴𝐵𝐶, ∠𝐵𝐷𝐶 ≅ ∠𝐴𝐵𝐶 Any two right angles are congruent
6. ∠𝐴 ≅ ∠𝐴 Reflexive Property of Congruence
7. ⊿𝐴𝐷𝐵~⊿𝐴𝐵𝐶 AA Similarity
8. ∠𝐶 ≅ ∠𝐶 Reflexive Property of Congruence
9. ⊿𝐵𝐷𝐶~⊿𝐴𝐵𝐶 AA Similarity
10. ⊿𝐴𝐷𝐵~⊿𝐵𝐷𝐶 Transitive Property
Example 1:
In ⊿𝐵𝑅𝑈, ̅̅̅̅
𝑅𝐻 is an altitude
a. Name three similar triangles
b. Name at least one angle congruent to each angle:
∠𝑅𝐻𝑈, ∠𝐵 and ∠𝐵𝑅𝐻
Answer:
a. ⊿𝐵𝑅𝑈~⊿𝐵𝐻𝑅~⊿𝑅𝐻𝑈 b. ∠𝑅𝐻𝑈 ≅ ∠𝑅𝐻𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐵𝑅𝑈
∠𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐻𝑅𝑈 𝑜𝑟 ∠𝑈𝑅𝐻
∠𝐵𝑅𝐻 ≅ ∠𝑅𝑈𝐻 𝑜𝑟 ∠𝐻𝑈𝑅
94
From the proof of the Right Triangle Similarity Theorem (RTS Theorem),
another theorem can be derived.
1. Take three pairs of similar triangles in the RTS

Theorem.
a. ⊿𝐴𝐷𝐵~⊿𝐵𝐷𝐶
b. ⊿𝐵𝐷𝐶 ~⊿𝐴𝐵𝐶
c. ⊿𝐴𝐷𝐵 ~⊿𝐴𝐵𝐶
2. From the three pairs of similar triangles, we can obtain the following proportions:
̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐷 ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐷
a. ⊿𝐴𝐷𝐵~⊿𝐵𝐷𝐶, the proportion is ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐷
= ̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝐷
̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝐷 ̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝐵
b. ⊿𝐵𝐷𝐶 ~⊿𝐴𝐵𝐶, the proportion is ̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝐵
= 𝐴𝐶
̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐷 ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵
c. ⊿𝐴𝐷𝐵 ~⊿𝐴𝐵𝐶, the proportion is ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵
= ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐶
Theorem 2
In any right triangle, the altitude to the hypotenuse is the geometric mean of the
segments into which it divides the hypotenuse and each leg is the geometric mean of
the hypotenuse and the segment of the hypotenuse adjacent to the leg.
*Geometric Mean is a special type of average where we multiply the numbers
together and then take a square root (for two numbers), cube root (for three
numbers) etc.
Example: Determine the geometric mean of 2 and 8
Solution: √(2)(8)= √16 = 4
The geometric mean of 2 and 8 is 4
𝐵𝐷, ̅̅̅̅
Example 2: Given ⊿𝐴𝐵𝐶, with altitude ̅̅̅̅ 𝐴𝐷 = 4
̅̅̅̅ = 9. Find 𝐷𝐵
and 𝐶𝐷 ̅̅̅̅ and 𝐵𝐶
̅̅̅̅, 𝐴𝐵 ̅̅̅̅
Solution:
̅̅̅̅̅
a. Find 𝑫𝑩
̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐷 ̅̅̅̅
𝐷𝐵
⊿𝐴𝐷𝐵~⊿𝐵𝐷𝐶, the proportion is ̅̅̅̅
𝐷𝐵
= ̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝐷
95
̅̅̅̅ 𝐷𝐵
𝐴𝐷 ̅̅̅̅ Use the given proportion
=
̅̅̅̅ 𝐶𝐷
𝐷𝐵 ̅̅̅̅
4 ̅̅̅̅
𝐷𝐵 Substitute the given
=
̅̅̅̅
𝐷𝐵 9
(4)(9) = (𝐷𝐵̅̅̅̅)2 Cross multiplication
√(𝐷𝐵̅̅̅̅)2 = √36 Extract the square roots
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑫𝑩 = 𝟔
̅̅̅̅
b. Find 𝑨𝑩
̅̅̅̅ 𝐴𝐵
𝐴𝐷 ̅̅̅̅ Use the given
⊿𝐴𝐷𝐵 ~⊿𝐴𝐵𝐶, =
̅̅̅̅ 𝐴𝐶
𝐴𝐵 ̅̅̅̅ proportion
̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐷 ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 ̅̅̅̅
the proportion is = ̅̅̅̅ 4 𝐴𝐵 Substitute the
̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 𝐴𝐶 =
̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 4 + 9 given
̅̅̅̅ = 𝐴𝐷
Note 𝐴𝐶 ̅̅̅̅ + 𝐶𝐷
̅̅̅̅
4 ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 Add
=
̅̅̅̅ 13
𝐴𝐵
(4)(13) Cross
̅̅̅̅)2
= (𝐴𝐵 multiplication
Extract the square
√(̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵)2 = √52
roots
̅̅̅̅ = 𝟐√𝟏𝟑
𝑨𝑩
̅̅̅̅
c. Find 𝑩𝑪 ̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝐷 ̅̅̅̅𝐵𝐶 Use the given
̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝐷 ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐶 =
⊿𝐵𝐷𝐶 ~⊿𝐴𝐵𝐶, the proportion is ̅̅̅̅
= ̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐶 ̅̅̅̅𝐴𝐶 proportion
𝐵𝐶 𝐴𝐶
9 ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐶 Substitute the
=
̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐶 4 + 9 given
Note ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐶 = ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐷 + ̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝐷
9 ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐶 Add
=
̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐶 13
(9)(13) Cross
= (𝐵𝐶̅̅̅̅ )2 multiplication
Extract the square
√(̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐶 )2 = √117
roots
̅̅̅̅
𝑩𝑪 = 𝟑√𝟏𝟑
Right Triangle Similarity and Geometric Mean

youtu.be/PXBFDBmBP0I
96
Learning Task 7.1: Is it RIGHT?

GOOD LUCK!
97
98
Learning Task 7.2: Points to ponder
DIRECTIONS:
1. Honestly answer the questions given below.

2. Your answer should be composed of 30 words or more.
3. Post your answer in the forum by clicking the "Add a new discussion topic"
button.
4. Think of an appropriate topic title for your post which is relevant to the
question being asked or the subject of discussion.
5. Do not forget to reply and comment on the posts of at least two (2) of your
classmates.
6. Always use proper and kind words when expressing your opinion. Observe
proper "Netiquettes" .
THE TASK:
Answer the question below and use some theorems to support your answer.
If the sides of similar triangles are proportional, can we consider that their
corresponding perimeters are also proportional to the corresponding sides?
HERE'S HOW YOU WILL BE GRADED:
99
Proves the Conditions for Similarity of Triangles: Special Right Triangle

Theorem
In this lesson, you will be able to identify the two special right triangles and how
to solve related problems involving special right triangles.
The two types of special right triangles are isosceles right triangle (45°- 45°- 90°)
and the 30°- 60°- 90° right triangle. These triangles are classified according to the
measurement of their angles.
Learning Resource 7.4: Isosceles Right Triangle Theorem
Isosceles Right Triangle Theorem. In an isosceles right triangle, the length of the
hypotenuse is equal to √2 times the length of the leg. Since the triangle is an isosceles
triangle therefore the measures of the legs are equal.
Proof:
The 45°- 45°- 90° triangle is based on the square with sides of
1 unit.
If we draw the diagonal, we form two 45°- 45°- 90° triangles.
Using the Pythagorean Theorem, we can find the length of the

diagonal.
12 + 1 2 = 𝑐 2
1 + 1 = 𝑐2
𝑐2 = 1 + 1
√𝑐 2 = √2
𝑐 = √2
The ratio of the sides in a 45°- 45°- 90° triangle is 1: 1: √2
100
Example 1
If one of the legs is given, then the measure of the other is equal to the
measurement of the given leg. To determine the measurement of the hypotenuse,
multiply the measurement of the given leg by √2.
Ex.1.1 Ex.1.2
Example 2
What if the missing are the Ex. 2.1
measurements of the two legs?
Divide the measurement of the
hypotenuse by √2.
Ex. 2.2
Solution: To determine the measurement
of the legs divide 8 by √2.
8 √2 8√2
⋅ =
√2 √2 √4
8√2
=
2
𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑔𝑠 = 4√2
The 45-45-90 Triangle

youtu.be/YboycCW1uNM
45 45 90 Triangle
youtu.be/XYwFve_g6eg

youtu.be/zt-ZkFCWh90
101
Learning Resource 7.5: 30°- 60°- 90° Right Triangle Theorem
In 30°- 60°- 90° Right Triangle Theorem, the length of the hypotenuse is
twice the length of the shorter leg (side opposite 30°) and the length of the longer leg
(side opposite 60°) is √3 times the length of the shorter leg.
Proof:
The 30°- 60°- 90° triangle is based on an equilateral

triangle with sides of 2 units.
The altitude (also the angle bisector and median) cuts the
triangle into two congruent triangles.
This creates the 30°- 60°- 90° triangle with a hypotenuse

a short leg and a long leg.
We saw that the hypotenuse is twice the short leg.

We can use the Pythagorean Theorem to find the long leg.
𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 = 𝑐 2
𝑎 2 + 1 2 = 22
𝑎 2 = 22 − 1 2
𝑎2 = 4 − 1
√𝑎2 = √3
𝑎 = √3
The ratio of the sides in a 30°- 60°- 90° triangle is √3:1:2
Example 1
The key is to find the length of the shorter leg. If the given is the shorter leg
(side opposite 30°). To determine the hypotenuse, multiply the measurement of the
shorter leg by 2. To determine the measurement of the longer leg (side opposite 60°),
multiply the measurement of the shorter leg by √3.
Ex.1.1 Ex.1.2
102
Example 2
The key is to find the length of the shorter leg. If the given is the hypotenuse,
to determine the length of the shorter leg (side opposite 30°) divide the hypotenuse
by 2. To solve for the measurement of the longer leg (side opposite 60°), use the
obtained value of the shorter leg and multiply it by √3.
Ex.2.1 Ex.2.2
Example 3
The key is to find the length of the shorter leg. If the given is the longer leg
(side opposite 60°), to determine the length of the shorter leg (opposite 30°) divide
the longer leg (side opposite 60°) by √3. To solve for the measurement of the
hypotenuse, use the obtained value of the shorter leg and multiply it by 2.
Solution
Ex.3.1 Ex.3.2 (short side):
Divide 9 by √3
9 √3 9√3
⋅ =
√3 √3 √9
9√3
=
3
𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑡 𝑙𝑒𝑔 = 3√3
30- 60- 90 Triangle

youtu.be/Lp6t3PyT-Cg
30- 60- 90 Triangle
youtu.be/dKau5pOZkB0
youtu.be/zt-ZkFCWh90
103
Learning Task 7.3: With √2 or √3 ?

GOOD LUCK!
104
105
106
Learning Task 7.4: Shortcuts..
DIRECTIONS:

assignment editor.
YOUR TASK:
Answer the question below and use some theorems to support your answer.
In your own words, summarize the ways on how to easily determine the measure of
the sides of an isosceles right triangle and a 30°- 60°- 90° right triangle.
Provide your answer using the template below:
To determine the measure of the sides an Isosceles Right Triangle

Hypotenuse –
Short Legs -
To determine the measure of the sides a 30°- 60°- 90° Right Triangle
Hypotenuse –
Longer Leg –
Shorter Leg –
107
Books / Modules

Videos
• Don't Memorise. (2015). The 45-45-90 Triangle (GMAT/GRE/CAT/Bank

PO/SSC CGL) | Don’t Memorise [YouTube Video]. In YouTube.
youtube.com/watch?v=YboycCW1uNM
• Mathodman. (2016). 45 45 90 Triangle [YouTube Video]. In YouTube.
youtube.com/watch?v=XYwFve_g6eg
• Don't Memorise. (2015). The 30-60-90 Triangle (GMAT/GRE/CAT/Bank
PO/SSC CGL) | Don’t Memorise [YouTube Video]. In YouTube.
youtube.com/watch?v=Lp6t3PyT-Cg
• Mathodman. (2016). 30 60 90 Triangle [YouTube Video]. In YouTube.
youtube.com/watch?v=dKau5pOZkB0
Video]. In YouTube. youtube.com/watch?v=zt-ZkFCWh90&t=482s
Websites
• https://cpb-us-
108
Proving Pythagorean Theorem
Pythagorean theorem is named after Pythagoras, a Greek philosopher and

mathematician, who was the first to write a proof of the theorem based on the sides
of a right triangle.
Pythagorean theorem states that if a triangle is a right triangle, then the sum
of the squares of the measures of the legs is equal to the square of the measure of
the hypotenuse.
So, if c is the measure of the hypotenuse, and a and b are the measures of the
legs, then a2 + b2=c2.
The Pythagorean Triple is asset of three nonzero whole numbers a, b, and c
that satisfy the equation a2 + b2=c2.
Learning Resource 8.2: The Pythagorean Theorem and its Converse
Converse of the Pythagorean Theorem if the square of the longest side of a

triangle is equal to the sum of the square of the lengths of the two other sides, then
the triangle is a right triangle.
If the square of the longest side of a triangle is less than the sum of the squares
of the lengths of the other two sides, then the triangle is an acute triangle.
109
If the square of the longest side of a triangle is greater than the sum of the
squares of the other two sides, then the triangle is an obtuse triangle.
But before getting deeper into the topic, let’s recall about a right triangle. A
right triangle is a triangle with one interior angle equals to 90 degrees. In a right
triangle, the
two short legs meet at an angle of 90 degrees. The hypotenuse of a triangle is side
which opposite the 90-degree angle.
The Pythagorean Theorem

youtu.be/dl6Iw1X4NQo
Illustrative Example of Pythagorean theorem:
110
Classify a triangle whose dimensions are; a = 5m, b = 7m and c = 9m.
Solution:
According to the Pythagorean Theorem, a2 +

b2=c 2 then,
Since the value of is c2 is greater than the value of

a2 + b2, therefore, the triangle whose dimensions are
5m, 7m, and 9m is an OBTUSE triangle.
111
Classify a triangle whose side lengths a, b, c

is 8mm, 15mm and 17mm respectively.
Solution:
Since the value of is c2 is equal to the value of a2 + b2, therefore, the triangle whose
dimensions are 8mm, 15mm, and 17mm is a RIGHT triangle.
The Converse of the Pythagorean Theorem

youtu.be/5xF4koIkUxE
Converse Pythagorean Theorem

youtu.be/7y2MQWDArVE
112
Learning Task 8.1: Go! Pyth! Win!

GOOD LUCK!
113
114
Learning Task 8.2: Triples and more...

GOOD LUCK!
115
116
117
Applying Theorems in Showing Similar Triangles and Solving Problems

Involving Triangle Similarity and Right Triangles
Two triangles are similar if the corresponding angles are congruent and the
measures of the corresponding sides are proportional. The symbol is ̴ (read as “is
similar to”).
To show that two triangles are similar, it is not necessary to prove that all the
conditions of the definition of similar triangles. The following postulates tell us that
the shape of a triangle is completely determined by the measures of its angles.
AA Similarity Postulate
• If two angles of one triangle are congruent to two corresponding angles of
another triangle, then the triangles are similar.
• Similarity of triangles can also be checked by testing the measures of
corresponding sides for proportionality. This leads to next theorem.
•
SSS Similarity Theorem
• If the measures of the corresponding sides of two triangles are proportional,
then the triangles are similar.
• Scale factor of the two triangles is also called the ratio of similarity or ratio
of similitude. It is the common ratio of corresponding sides.
•
SAS Similarity Theorem
• If the measures of two sides of a triangle are proportional to the measures
of two corresponding sides of another triangle, and the included angles are
congruent, then the triangles are similar.
In this lesson, you will be able to apply the SSS Similarity theorem, SAS
Similarity theorem, and AA postulate to prove that the given triangles are similar.
118
Learning Resource 8.4: AA Similarity Postulate, and SAS and SSS Similarity
Theorem
AA Similarity Postulate
If two angles of a triangle are congruent to the corresponding angles of another
triangle, then the two triangles are similar.
Illustrative Example:
Given: ∠A̴̴≅ ∠D, ∠B≅ ∠E

Prove: △ABC ̴ △DEF
Proof:
Statements Reasons
1. ∠A≅ ∠D, ∠B≅ ∠E 1.Given
2. m∠A=m∠D, m∠B =m∠E 2. Definition of congruent angles
3. m∠A+m∠B= m∠D +m∠E 3. Addition Property of Equality
4. m∠A+m∠B+ m∠C =180 4.The sum of the measures of the three
m∠D+m∠E+ m∠F =180 angles of a triangle is 180.
5. m∠A+m∠B+m∠C=m∠D+m∠E+ m∠F 5.Transitive Property of Equality
6. m∠A+m∠B+ m∠C =m∠D 6.Substitution
7. m∠C=m∠F 7.Addition Property of Equality
8. ∠C ≅ ∠F 8.Definition of congruent angles
9. △ABC ̴ △DEF 9.AA Similarity Postulate
Use several methods to prove that two triangles are similar.
Warm up: Find x and y.
119
Solution:
8 12 8 14
12
= 12+𝑥 12
= 𝑦
96 + 8x = 144 8y = 168
8x = 48 y = 21
x=6
If two angles of a triangle are congruent to the corresponding angles of another
triangle, then the two triangles are similar, based on AA Similarity Theorem.
Therefore the value of x is 40ͦ

and the value of y is also 40ͦ , because
if we add all the angles of a triangle is
180ͦ
AA Similarity
youtu.be/U6vvTgnbfbQ
SAS Similarity Theorem

If an angle of a triangle is congruent to the corresponding angle of another
triangle, and the lengths of the sides including those angles are in proportion, then
the triangles are similar.
𝐴𝐵 𝐴𝐶
Given: ∠A̴̴≅ ∠P, 𝑃𝑂
= 𝑃𝑅
Prove: △ABC ̴ △POR
120
Proof:
Statements Reasons
̅̅̅̅ ,let PX=AB.
1. On 𝑃𝑂 ̅̅̅̅, there is exactly one point such
1.On 𝑃𝑂
that PX = AB
𝑃𝑋 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
2. ̅̅̅̅ 𝐴𝐵 2.Definition of congruent segments
̅̅̅̅ through X.
̅̅̅̅̅ || 𝑂𝑅
3. Draw 𝑋𝑌 3.Through a given point, there is one
and only one line parallel to a given line.
4. ∠PXY ≅ ∠POR 4.If two parallel lines are cut by a
transversal, then the corresponding
angles are congruent.
5. ∠XYP ≅ ∠OPR 5.Reflexive property of Equality
6. △ PXY ̴≅ △POR 6.AA Similarity Postulate
7.
𝑃𝑋
=
𝑃𝑌 7.Definition of similar triangles
𝑃𝑂 𝑃𝑅
8.
𝐴𝐵
=
𝐴𝐶 8.Given
𝑃𝑂 𝑃𝑅
9.
𝑃𝑋
=
𝐴𝐶 9.Substitution (1 and 8)
𝑃𝑂 𝑃𝑅
If there exists a correspondence between the vertices of two triangles such that
the ratios of the measures of two pairs of corresponding sides are equal and the
included angles are congruent, then the triangles are similar.
Solution:
𝟐 𝟑
𝟏𝟎
= 𝟏𝟓
𝟏 𝟏
=𝟓
𝟓
Therefore, the triangles are similar base on SAS Similarity Theorem
SAS Similarity
youtu.be/_7KoqxucL-4
121
SSS Similarity Theorem

If the sides of one triangle are proportional to the corresponding sides of another
triangle, then the triangles are
similar.
𝐴𝐵 𝐵𝐶 𝐴𝐶
Given: = =
𝑋𝑌 𝑌𝑍 𝑋𝑍
Prove: △ABC ̴ △XYZ
Proof:
Statements Reasons
1. On 𝑋𝑌̅̅̅̅ ,let AB=XP. ̅̅̅̅, there is one point X such that AB=XP.
1. On 𝑋𝑌
2. ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 ≅ ̅̅̅̅𝑋𝑃 2.definition of congruent segments
̅̅̅̅̅ || ̅̅̅̅
3. Draw 𝑃𝑄 𝑌𝑍 through P. 3.through a given point, there is one and only one
parallel to the given point.
4. ∠XPQ ≅ ∠XYZ 4.if two parallel lines are cut by a transversal,
then the corresponding angles are congruent.
5. ∠PXQ ≅ ∠YXZ 5.reflexive property of Equality
6. △XPQ ̴ △XYZ 6.AA Similarity Theorem
7.
𝑋𝑃
=
𝑃𝑄
=
𝑋𝑄 7.definition of similar triangles
8.
𝐴𝐵
=
𝐵𝐶
=
𝐴𝐶 8. Given
9.
𝑋𝑃
=
𝐴𝐵 9.Substitution
𝑋𝑌 𝑋𝑌
𝑋𝑄
10. 𝑋𝑍 =
𝐴𝐶 𝑃𝑄
;
𝐵𝐶
= 𝑌𝑍 10.Transitive Property of Equality
𝑋𝑍 𝑌𝑍
11. XQ ≅ AC; PQ≅BC 11. Multiplication Property of Equality
12. ̅̅̅̅
𝑋𝑄 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐶 ; ̅̅̅̅
𝑃𝑄 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐶 12.Definition of Congruent segments
13. △ABC ≅ △XPQ 13.SSS Congruence Postulate
14. ∠A ≅∠XYZ 14.CPCTC
15. △ABC ̴ △XYZ 15.SAS Similarity Theorem
If there exists a correspondence between the vertical of two triangles such that
the ratios of the measures of the corresponding sides are equal then triangles are
similar.
122
Solution:
𝟒𝟎 𝟓𝟎 𝟔𝟎
𝟒
= 𝟓
= 𝟔
10= 10 =10
Therefore, the triangles are similar base on SSS Similarity Theorem
SSS Similarity
youtu.be/SNG-pcPRuBk
Converse of the Pythagorean Theorem
youtu.be/fsCduLMcFr8
Learning Resource 8.5: Solving Problems Involving Triangle Similarity and

Right Triangles
In this lesson, you will now apply what you have learned about the triangle
similarity theorems and postulates in more practical situations to see its
application in real-life scenario.
Illustrative Examples:
1. Suppose that you drive 5 miles south and then 8 miles east. How far are you
away from your starting
point?
Step 1: make an illustration

of the given problem.
Step 2: set up an equation, and then solve.

a2 + b2 = c2
52 + 82 = c2
25 + 64 = c2
89 = c2
√𝑐 2 =√89
c= 9.4 therefore you are 9.4 miles away from your starting point
base on the Pythagorean theorem.
123
2. If Two triangles are similar the first triangle has an angle of 50 degrees and
two sides of which is 6, whereas the other has an angle of 80 degrees and one
side of the triangle is 10. What is the measurement of x?
Step 1: make an illustration of the given problem.
Step 2: set up an equation and then solve.
6 10
=
6 𝑥
6x = 10(6)
6x = 60
x=10
therefore, the measurement of x is 10 based on SAS Similarity
theorem
3. Find the height of a flagpole that casts a

shadow of 4 m if at the same time, a man
nearby is 1.6m tall casts a shadow of 0.4m
Step 1: make an illustration of the given

problem.
Step 2: set up an equation and then solve.

𝑥 1.6
=
4 0.4
0.4x = 1.6(4)
0.4x = 6.4
x = 16m
therefore, the height of the
flagpole is 16, based on AA Similarity postulate.
124
Learning Task 8.3: Is it SAME-milar?

GOOD LUCK!
125
126
Learning Task 8.4: Aye! Aye! Captain!
YOUR TASK:
Capt. Hooke is on a treasure hunt. His GPS shows him that he is 25 m away from
what he is looking for. He walks 25 m towards west. The GPS compass now tells
him that the treasure is due south from where he is standing. How far south does
he need to go to discover it?
DIRECTIONS FOR ONLINE SUBMISSION: Assignment Template:
1. Write your solution on a clean sheet of paper.

2. Scan or take a picture of your solution (Use
Clear Scan App).
3. Save your file following this format: Task
8.4_Surname, FirstName

5. Drag or drop your files in the box or just click
the "Add File" button to add files. It accepts PDF
and image files only.
127
Books / Modules
• Oronce, O.A., Mendoza, M.O. E-MATH Worktext in Mathematics, REX Bookstore,

Inc., 2019
Videos
• Don't Memorise. (2014). What is the Pythagoras’ Theorem? | Don’t Memorise

[YouTube Video]. In YouTube. youtube.com/watch?v=dl6Iw1X4NQo
• Serano, S. (2018). Converse of the Pythagorean Theorem [YouTube Video]. In
YouTube. youtube.com/watch?v=5xF4koIkUxE
• Parsons, M. (2020). Converse Pythagorean Theorem [YouTube Video]. In
YouTube. youtube.com/watch?v=7y2MQWDArVE
• FerranteMath. (2017). Triangles: Similarity Theorems (AA, SSS, SAS) Part One
[YouTube Video]. In YouTube. youtube.com/watch?v=fsCduLMcFr8
• CK-12 Foundation. (2013). SSS Similarity Theorem: Lesson (Basic Geometry
Concepts) [YouTube Video]. In YouTube. youtube.com/watch?v=SNG-pcPRuBk
• CK-12 Foundation. (2013). SAS Similarity Theorem: Lesson (Basic Geometry
Concepts) [YouTube Video]. In YouTube. youtube.com/watch?v=_7KoqxucL-4
• CK-12 Foundation. (2013). Triangle AA Similarity: Lesson (Basic Geometry
Concepts) [YouTube Video]. In YouTube. youtube.com/watch?v=U6vvTgnbfbQ
Websites
• https://portal.mywccc.org/High%20School%20Academic%20Departments/Mat
h/PH%20Geometry/Resources/GETE0602.pdf
• https://cpb-us-
e1.wpmucdn.com/cobblearning.net/dist/6/2967/files/2017/10/6.2Propertieso
fParallelogramsbookpages-wmeblx.pdf
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagoras
128
The beautiful
thing about
learning
is that no one
can take it
away from
you.
B. B. King
129

Mathematics: Quarter 3

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Mathematics: Quarter 3

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Moodle Course Guide

Mathematics is a skills subject. By itself, it is all about quantities, shapes and

This course is designed to emphasize the study of the theorems and

At the end of the third quarter, you should be able to demonstrate an

WHAT ARE THE SKILLS THAT I CAN DEVELOP?

The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts of parallelograms and

The learner is able to investigate, analyze, and solve problems involving

MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING OUTPUTS AND ACTIVITIES TO BE

Determines the conditions that make a

• Learning Task 2.1: Spot that

Proves the Midline Theorem. • Learning Task 3.1: Try These!

• Learning Task 4.1: Choose Wisely!

Illustrates similarity of figures.

Illustrates similarity of figures.

Applies the theorems to show that given

END OF THIRD QUARTER

This part enables the learners to be engaged in various tasks and

WHAT ARE THESE ICONS IN MOODLE?

Learning Resource 1.1: What I need to know?

Learning Resource 1.2: Theorem 1

In your previous year, you have learned that a parallelogram is a quadrilateral

The following is theorem 1 or a condition that guarantee a quadrilateral to be a

Prove that quadrilateral ABCD is a parallelogram. Explain your answer.

Learning Resource 1.3: Theorem 2 and 3

The following are theorems 2 and 3 or conditions that guarantee a quadrilateral to

Prove that quadrilateral ABCD is a parallelogram. Explain your answer.

Learning Resource 1.4: Theorem 4 and 5

The following are theorems 4 and 5 or conditions that guarantee a quadrilateral to

Answer: Yes, 𝐴𝐵̅̅̅̅ ‖ 𝐷𝐶

To further your understanding, watch the video discussion below:

Week 1 Quarter 3 ETUlay

DepEd TV - Official. (2021). Math 9 - Friday Week1 Q3 ETUlay [YouTube

Learning Task 1.1: To drag or not to drag?

1. You have a maximum of 5 attempts.

Learning Resource 1.5: Properties of a Parallelogram

Study the figure that follows:

To further your understanding, watch the video discussion below:

Learning Task 1.2: PARALLELOteristics

1. You have a maximum of 5 attempts.

Learning Task 1.3: My X's and Y's

1. You have a maximum of 5 attempts.

Learning Task 1.4: Can you solve it?

1. You have a maximum of 4 attempts.

• Oronce, O.A., Mendoza, M.O. E-MATH Worktext in Mathematics, REX

• EASY PINOY MATH. (2020). PARALLELOGRAMS DEFINITION, PROPERTIES,

Learning Resource 2.1: What I need to know?

In the previous lesson, you have learned that a parallelogram is a quadrilateral

Learning Resource 2.2: Special Parallelograms

There are special types of parallelograms.

To further your understanding, watch the video discussion below:

Special Cases of Parallelograms

Week 2 Quarter 3 ETUlay

Learning Task 2.1: Spot that parallelogram!

1. You have a maximum of 5 attempts.

Learning task 2.2: Figure it out

1. You have a maximum of 5 attempts.

Learning Task 2.3: And I have learned...

1. Click the "ADD SUBMISSION" button.

What are the different properties of each special parallelograms?

THE PROPERTIES OF SPECIAL PARALLELOGRAMS

HERE IS HOW YOU WILL BE GRADED:

• Oronce, O.A., Mendoza, M.O. E-MATH Worktext in Mathematics, REX

• Don't Memorise. (2014). What is a Parallelogram? | Special Cases of