LESSON 2

ENGLISH 4 / CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPT.

UNIVERSITY OF KUFA
DR. HUSSEIN SHAKIR AL-BAHRANI
SUBJECTS

1. Linking ideas (sequencing words/ time expressions)

2. Collocations with TAKE
3. Collocations with GET
4. Adjectives ending in -ED and -ING
 LINKING IDEAS
To describe a daily routine (working, studying, etc.) or a
procedure (writing an assay, applying for a job). use:
• sequencing words to say one thing happens after another,
for example: first, after, then, next, finally.
• time expressions to say when, for example: at 1 o'clock, in
the evening.
Note – if two things happen at the same time, use while. for
example: I listen to the radio while I am having breakfast.
PRACTICE1. Read about the procedure Maria follows to write an essay.
Complete the paragraph with the sequencing words below.
finally while next then after first

First next
---------------, Maria thinks of a topic --------------, she searches for
information about the topic and reads all she can. She makes notes about
while
the subject -------------- After
she is reading. -------------- that, she uses her
Then
notes to write a plan for the essay. --------------- she is ready to write the
essay. She usually writes on the computer. She rewrites parts of the essay
Finally
again and again until she is happy with it. ------------------, she checks the
essay very carefully for punctuation, grammar, and spelling before giving
it to her lecturer.
Collocations are words + their friends of another words
Collocations with TAKE

When you learn a new word, learn about its collocations – the words that go with it.
Collocations with GET

GET FIRED

Get the
picture get married
 ADJECTIVES Ending in -ED and -ING

-ED ADJECTIVES -ING ADJECTIVES

Describe a feeling or an emotion. It is Describe the characteristic of a
how someone FEEL about something. person, a thing or a situation. It
CAUSES a feeling.
1. He is frightened.
1. The hungry lion is frightening.
2. He is bored.
2. This game is boring.
3. He is confused.
3. These words are confusing.
Practice 2: describe these pictures using –ed or -ing adjectives.

Frightened
lion
Frightening spider
She is bored.
Thank you for
listening