*Activation energy is the minimum amount of energy
needed for colliding particles to react.
*Activation rate is the measure of the change in the
concentration of the reactants or products.
*Biomass refers to the organic matter from plants and
animals (microorganisms). It is also used to create
methane and alcohol which are fuels useful in energy
production & in powering automobiles.
*Boiling happens when the vapour pressure of a liquid
becomes equal to the atmospheric pressure.
*Butter is a good example of saturated fat.
*Capillary action is the ability of water molecules to
move against gravity.
*Detergent products are cleaning agents that help to
disinfect and sanitize the materials and furniture at our
home. It is also the type of cleaning products which many
of the ingredients can be manufactured from plants.
*Dispersion forces are attractive forces between polar
molecules where the positive end of one molecule aligns
to the negative end of another molecule.
*Electronegativity is the ability of an atom in a molecule
to attract shared electrons.
*Energy it can be converted in form, but not created nor
destroyed.
*Enzyme is the catalyst in the human body.
*Geothermal energy is the source of energy which is
less of an environmental hazard compared to fossil fuels.
*Glycogen is the excessive consumption of
carbohydrates which is converted into polysaccharide
that is stored in the liver and in the muscles.
*Hydrogen & Helium gases are the major components
of star.
*H-bonding is the strongest among the intermolecular
forces.
*Instantaneous dipole is an attractive force that arises
as a result of temporary dipoles induced in atoms or
molecules.
*Intermolecular forces are present between and among
molecules.
*Limiting reactant is the reactant that produces a lesser
amount of product.
*Myoglobin is a polypeptide that stores Oxygen in
muscles.
*Nucleic acids are biomolecular group that carries and
passes the heredity information of the organism.
*Nucleosynthesis is known as nuclear fusion & the
formation of new nuclei actions in the early stages of
development of the universe.
*pH adjuster is the ingredient that is used to balance the
acidity or base of a certain product.
*Product is the substance formed as a result of a
chemical reaction.
*Rate of reaction is the measure of how fast or slow a
reaction happens.
*Stellar nucleosynthesis occurs in the main sequence
of stars.
*Surface tension is the energy required to increase the
surface area by a unit amount.
*Technetium was created by bombardment of
Molybdenum by deuterons (heavy Hydrogen, H12) by
Emilio Segre & Carlo Perrier in 1937.
*Viscosity is the state of being thick, sticky, and semifluid
in consistency, due to internal friction.
*Bond type based on Electronegativity difference:
 Nonpolar covalent bond 0.0 to 0.4
 Polar covalent bond 0.5 to 1.6
 Ionic bond 1.7 or more
Classification of Lipids:
 Phospholipids
 Steroid
 Triglyceride
Examples of Intermolecular Forces:
 H-bond
 Dipole-dipole
 London forces
Facts about water (H₂O):
 High surface tension
 High boiling point
 Low viscosity
The rate of a chemical reaction is NOT affected by the
following:
 Concentration
 Particle size
 Temperature
* Mixing Chlorine bleach with ammonia or vinegar can
release a poisonous gas Chlorine.
*In main sequence star, Hydrogen fuses and converted to
Helium. Carbon is produced from Helium gas at its core.
*a turbine converts the kinetic energy of falling water into
mechanical energy.
*in R-process, there is a building up of a very heavy
isotope, then as beta-decay occurs, you march up in
atomic number and produce heavy product.
*a star becomes unstable when it runs out of fuel.
*vapour pressure is low on liquids with strong molecular
forces.
*High intermolecular forces results to high boiling point.
*Expected value of percent yield is from 0 to 100 to make
it reasonable.
*Home cleaning process includes scrubbing, removing of
dust, grease, and food waste.
*Evidences of star formation include formation of light
elements (Hydrogen & Helium) and some sort of
radiation.
*Reactant(s) to product(s) is the right sequence to be
followed in a certain chemical equation.
*Tetrahedral molecules occur when there are four (4) and
no lone pairs in the molecule’s central atom.