1

GENERAL PHYSICS 2
SUPPLEMENTARY
LEARNING MATERIAL

Semester 2,Quarter 3
Week 1-2

REFERENCES:

Websites:
https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/z2b9hv4/revision/2
https://nustem.uk/activity/
https://www.physicsclassroom.com/
Books
Beiser, A. Fundamentals of Modern Physics. Fourth Edition
Halliday, D., Resnick, R. at al., Fundamentals of Physics Extended. 6th
Edition. Wiley. USA
Resnick, R. H. (n.d.). Physics, 5th Edition. USA.
Serway, R., Hewett,J. Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern
Physics.6th Edition.USA
Simpson, D. (2019, September 11). General Physics I: Classical
Mechanics. Largo, M
Recommended videos: If internet connection is available, you can
watch the topics discussed and further explanations in videos by Michel
van Biezen on: http:www.ilectureonline.com/lectures/subject/PHYSICS
( by Michel van Biezen)
Or you may watch through Youtube by keying a keyword and Michael
van Biezen Ex. “Vectors Michael van Biezen”

INSTRUCTIONS

Activity Sheets and Assessment pages (page 13-14) must be answered,

in a white pad paper and submitted at the end of each week’s allotment.

Week 1: Electric Charges and Coulomb’s law
WEEK 1 DAY 1-4
(240 MINS)
Most Essential Learning Competencies ( MELCs)
1. Describe using a diagram charging by
rubbing and charging by induction
2. Explain the role of electron transfer in
electrostatic charging by rubbing
3. Describe experiments to show electro-
static charging by induction
4. Calculate the net electric force on a
point charge exerted by a system of
point charges
WEEK1 DAY 1-2
(120 mins)
Objectives: After this lesson, learners should be able to:
1. Define electric charge
2. Describe how objects become
“charged”
3. Explain the different methods of
“charging”
Concepts:
• Electrostatics-Is a field of electricity
that deals with charges at rest
• Electric charges-An intrinsic prop-
erty of matter, a fundamental property
of electricity
Measured in Coulombs (C)
Charges may either be positive or
negative
• Charged object
An object that has gained a net
electric charge.
Electric Charge
If you walk across a carpet in dry weather,
you can produce a spark by bringing your
finger close to a metal doorknob. This
phenomenon is attributed to the electric
charge that is stored in the familiar objects
that surround us and indeed, in our own
bodies.
The electric charge is an intrinsic
characteristic of the fundamental particles
making up those objects; that is, it is a
characteristic that automatically
accompanies those particles wherever they
exist.
2
5. Describe an electric field as a region in
which an electric charge experiences a
force
6. Calculate the electric field due to a
system of point charges using Cou-
lomb’s law and the superposition prin-
ciple
7. Calculate electric flux
4. Describe experiments to show
charging by induction
5. State the law of charge
6. Use Coulomb’s law in sample
problems
An object is charged if there is an
imbalance in the amount of charges it
possess.
• Methods of charging
Friction, conduction and induction
are means of charging an object
• Coulomb’s law
States the relationship between
charges, as well as the distance and
the force between them
Neutrality of Everyday Objects
The vast amount of charge in an everyday
object is usually concealed because the
object contains equal amounts of the two
kinds of charge: positive charge and
negative charge. With such equality-or-
balance of charge, the object is said to be
electrically neutral, that is, it contains no
net charge. If the two types of charge are
not in balance, then there is a net charge.
We say that the object is “ charged”
to indicate that it has a charge imbalance
or a net charge.
Charged objects interact by exerting force
on one another.
 3

Week 1: Electric Charges and Coulomb’s law

METHODS OF CHARGING similar charge is formed on both

Charging means gaining or losing electron.
How do objects become “charged’?
The process of making a neutral object into
a charged object is known as
electrification. Electrification is a universal
phenomenon.
An object can be electrically charged by
anyone of the following three ways:
• Friction
objects. In this method, the electric
charge on the first object decreases.
Charging by conduction involves the
contact of a charged object to a
neutral object. Hence when an un
charged conductor is brought in
contact with a charged conductor,
charge is shared between the two
conductors and hence the uncharged
conductor gets charged.

• Contact

• Electrostatic induction
Charging by Friction
The electricity (i.e. transfer of electrons)
that is produced due to friction is called
frictional electricity.
When we rub two neutral objects, there will
be a transfer of electrons from one object
to the other due to structural modifications During charging by conduction, both
because of the frictional forces acting on objects acquire the same type of
them. charge.
In this method, one of the objects acquires Charging by Electrostatic Induction
a negative charge while the other gets a
positive charge, both of which are equal in An induction always precedes
magnitude. attraction. The polarisation of charges
in an object when a charged object is
Examples: present near it is called induction. In
When a glass rod is rubbed with a silk cloth, induction, a charged object is
glass acquires a positive charge and silk brought near an uncharged object. Then
cloth acquires a negative charge. Electrons the uncharged object acquires a
are removed from glass rod and are added charge opposite in sign to that
to silk cloth. The silk cloth ( with the added of the charged object.
electrons) acquires a net negative charge
and the glass rod ( which has lost some
electrons) acquires a net positive charge.
Electric Series
The substances mentioned below are called
electric series and they are arranged in
such a manner that if any two of them are
rubbed together, the one occurring earlier
would be positively charged.
Glass, Flannel, Wool, Silk, Sealing wax,
In this process, a charged object is
Hard metal, Hard rubber, Resin, Sulphur,
brought near but not touched to a neutral
etc.
conducting object. The presence of a
Explanation: If we select glass and silk, the charged object near a neutral conductor will
glass will acquire a positive charge while induce (force) electrons within the
silk will get a negative charge when a glass conductor to move.
rod is rubbed with silk. The movement of electrons leaves an
imbalance of charge on opposite sides of
Charging by Contact (Conduction)
the neutral conductor. While the overall
A neutral object can be charged by object is neutral (i.e., has the same number
making contact with a charged object. of electrons as protons), there is an excess
Here, the body will acquire a charge of positive charge on one side of the object
that is the same as that of the and an excess of negative charge on the
charging body. Thus, by contact, a opposite side of the object.

Week 1: Electric Charges and Coulomb’s law
The law of charge and Coulomb’s
law
Like charges repel and unlike charges
attract.– this is the law of charge.
Charged objects interact by exerting an
electrostatic force on one another-this force
is either repulsive or attractive. The
relationship between the quantity of
charge, the distance between charges and
the electrostatic force they exert on one
another is described by the Coulomb’s law:
where F-electrostatic force
k– proportionality constant
= 8.99x 109 Nm2/C2
q1, q2- magnitude of charges
r– distance of separation between
two charges
The proportionality constant, k , is also
k
where
Sample problem
1. Two positively charged particles fixed
in place on the x axis have
magnitudes, q1=1.60x10-19 C and
q2=3.20x10-19 C and the particle
separation r= 0.0200m.
(a) What are the magnitude and direction
of the electrostatic force of particle 2
on particle 1, F21 ?
-19
Given: q1=1.60x10 C
q2=3.20x10-19 C
r= 0.0200m
k=8.99x 109 Nm2/C2
+x
4
Solution: The two charges are both posi-
tive so the force between them is repul-
sive-that is– particle 1 is repelled by parti-
cle 2 (shown as a vector pointing away
from q2 or directed along the –x axis.)
From Coulomb’s law,
F21= 8.99x 109 Nm2/C2 ( 1.60x10-19 C)
(3.20x10-19 C )/ (0.0200m)2
F21= 1.15 x10-24 N, -x-axis
(b) Suppose that a third charge, q3= -
3.20x10-19 C is at a distance 3/4r from par-
ticle 1 and lies on a line that makes an an-
gle θ=600 with the positive x-axis. What is
the net electrostatic force Fnet on particle 1
due to particles 2 and 4?
Solution: The net force , Fnet, is the
vector sum of F21 and F31 acting on particle
1. Because charge 3 has a negative charge,
the force, F31 exerted by charge 3 to charge
1 is attractive-that is- charge 3 attracts
charge 1, as shown by F31 directed towards
q3.
+y
q3
3/4r
F31
θ=600
F21 +x
q1 q2
From Coulomb’s law,
F31= 8.99x 109 Nm2/C2 ( 1.60x10-19 C)
(-3.20x10-19 C )/ (3/4 (0.0200m))2
F31= - 2.05 x10-24 N, 600 above +x axis
The negative sign indicates that the
force is attractive.
 5

Week 1: Electric Charges and Coulomb’s law

Continuation: Sample problem Try this:

Then, we need to find the x and the y
components of F31: here we take only the
1.
MAGNITUDE of F31
F31x=F31 cos 600= 2.05 x10-24 N cos 600
F31x =1.025 x10-24 N , +x axis 2.
F31y=F31 sin 600=2.05 x10-24 N cos 600
3.
F31y=1.775 x10-24 N , +y axis
Instructions:
Rub a comb vigorously with a piece of
cloth (using it to comb your hair
repeatedly would also do).
Bring it close to, but not touching, a
vertical unbroken thin stream of water
(a laminar flow).
Observe what happens. Write your
observation/s.

x y

F21x= 1.15 x10-24 N, -x F21y =0

F31x =1.025 x10-24 N ,+x F31y=1.775 x10-24 N ,+y

∑FX =1.250x10-25 N, -x ∑Fy=1.775 x10-24 N ,+y

4. Answer the following questions in
using the space below:
With these results, our guess is that the net
force on q1 must lie between the –x and Questions:
+y axes.
1. What causes the stream of water to
Applying the rules for vector addition: deflect (bend)?
Fnet=(∑FX )2 +(∑Fy)2
Fnet= (1.250x10-25 N)2 + (1.775 x10-24 N)2
Fnet= 1.78 x10-24 N, 860 above –x axis
This is the net force exerted by q2 and
q3 on q1.

2. Why would humid conditions help

in the loss of charge?

Fnet

3. What method of charging happened

to the comb after you rubbed it with a
cloth or after combing your hair with
it repeatedly? After bringing it close to
a stream of water?

For more sample problems and

explanations on this topic, watch
Michel van Biezen on Youtube: Search
for
Physics 35 Coulomb's Law Michel van Biezen
Or
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-jxX7Vt2wrA
 6

Week 1: Electric Charges and Coulomb’s law

WEEK1 DAY 3-4

(120 mins)

Objectives: After this lesson, learners should be able to:

1. Describe an electric field 3. Define electric flux

2. Calculate the electric field due to a 4. Calculate electric flux
system of point charges

Concepts:
• Electric Field
A charged object sets up an electric
field, E, throughout the space
surrounding the charged object
• Electric Flux
Electric flux is the rate of flow of
the electric field through a given area

The Electric Field Electric field of positive and nega-

When two electrically charged particles in
tive charges
empty space interact, how does each one
know the other is there? What goes on in
the space between them to communicate
the effect of each one to the other? We can
begin to answer these questions, and at
the same time reformulate Coulomb’s law
in a very useful way, by using the concept
of electric field.
Whenever you have a source charge q1
placed anywhere in space, it will be
surrounded by a region such that if you will
put any other charge q2 at any field point P
in this region, charge q2 will be acted upon
by an electric force, Fe. We call this region Electric field lines showing the electric
around q1 the electric field of q1. The field of a positive (left) charge and a
strength of this field is operationally negative ( right) charge
defined as the ratio of the electric force Fe
to the charge q2 placed at that point in the Note that Fe is actually the electric
field. force between the interacting charges
q1 and q2. Thus
The magnitude of the electric field is
E=kq/r2
E=Fe/q
In general, the magnitude of the
Where :
electric field is
E-electric field in Newton /Coulomb (N/C)
E=k |q| /r2
Fe-electrical force in Newton (N)
where q is the source charge (source
q-electric charge in Coulomb (C) of the electric field) and r is the
distance between the source charge
and any field point P surrounding it.
The electric force, Fe, is a vector quantity
and so is the electric field. The direction of
the electric field is along the line
connecting the field point P and the source
charge q1. The field lines produced by
positive charges are directed radially
outward while that of negative charg-
es are directed radially inward.
 7

Week 1: Electric Charges and Coulomb’s law

Sample Problems: Illustration:

1. A positive charge of 10-8 coulombs

(C) experiences a force of 0.25 N
when located at a certain point in an
electric field. Find the intensity
(magnitude) of the electric field at
that point.
Solution:

2. A positive charge, q = +20 nC, is on
the y-axis at y = +4.00 cm. (a)
Determine the magnitude and
direction of the electric field at the
origin. (b) What will be the magnitude
and direction of the electric field at
the origin if the charge is -20 nC?
Solution: We will start by finding the dis-
tance of separation, r , between the charg-
es and the field point P, as well as the an-
gles of E1 and E2 , assigned as ß
and θ, respectively.

Let the direction convention for

x : right (+), left (-)
y : up (+), down (-)
Using the component method and
observing the sign conventions:
The charge is positive so the electric
field lines are directed radially
outward. At the origin, the field line
extends downward so the direction of
the electric field is along the –y axis.
The magnitude of the electric field is
given by

The magnitude of the net electric

b. If the charge is -20 nC, the field field, Enet is :
lines are directed radially inward
towards the charge. So, the electric
field line at the origin will be directed
upward (along the +y axis). The
magnitude of the electric field has the Enet=9.78 x104 N/C
same value as when the charge is
positive. And the direction is :

3. Three charges and their specific

locations are given as follows:
q1 = - 20.0 nC; (0, 2.00 cm)
q2 = + 30.0 nC; (-1.00 cm, 4.00 cm)
q3 = + 10.0 nC; (-3.00 cm, 0 cm)
Determine the magnitude and
direction of the net electric field at the
field point P (2.00 cm, 0) using
component method.
=51.00 above –x axis
Thus, the net electric field at point P is:
Enet=9.78 x104 N/C, 51.00 above –x axis
Sample problem is credited to: Modules created and
published by the Department of Education – Division
of Cagayan de Oro
 8

Week 1: Electric Charges and Coulomb’s law

Electric Flux
Electric flux is the rate of flow of the electric Sample problem:
field through a given area. Electric flux is
(a) Calculate the electric flux through a
proportional to the number of electric field
rectangle of sides 5.0 cm and 10.0 cm
lines going through a virtual surface.
kept in the region of a uniform electric
If the electric field is uniform, the electric field 100.0 N/C. The angle θ is 60.0o.
flux passing through a surface of vector (b) Suppose θ becomes zero, what is
area, A, is the electric flux?
Ф=E.A= EA cosθ
Where: Ф-electric flux
A-area of a loop
E-intensity of the electric field
θ-angle between the electric field lines
and the normal ( perpendicular )
to A (if this is equal to 0, then
cosθ=1 and Ф=E.A)

Given:
E= 100.0 N/C
θ =60.0o
l=10.0cm
w=5.0cm
Solution:
(a)
Find the Area of the rectangular loop:
A= lw= 0.10m x 0.050m
A= 0.0050 m2
Ф=EA cosθ
Ф=100.0 N/C(0.0050 m2 )(cos 60.0o )
Ф=0.25 Nm2/C

(b) if θ=0

Electric flux visualized. The ring shows the Ф=EA cosθ

surface boundaries. The arrows show the
electric field lines.
Electric flux has SI units of volt metres (V
m), or, equivalently, newton metres
squared per coulomb (N m2 /C).
Ф=100.0 N/C (0.0050 m2 ) (cos 0o )
Ф=0.50 Nm2/C
The amount of flux is greater if
the area vector is perpendicular to
the electric field.

Online lecture link: on Youtube

Physics - E&M: Ch 37.1 Gauss's Law Understood
(1 of 29) What is Electric Flux? Michel van Biezen
 9

Week 2: Gauss’s Law and Electric Potential

WEEK 2 DAY 1-4

(240 MINS)

Most Essential Learning Competencies ( MELCs)

1. Use Gauss’s law to infer electric field 3. Relate the electric potential with work,
due to uniformly distributed charges potential energy, and electric field
on long wires, spheres and large
plates 4. Determine the electric potential func-
tion at any point due to highly sym-
2. Solve problems involving electric metric continuous-charge distributions
charges, dipoles, forces, fields and
flux in contexts such as, but not lim-
ited to systems of point charges, elec-
trical breakdown of air, charged pen-
dulums, electrostatic ink-jet printers

WEEK2 DAY 1-2

(120 mins)

Objectives: After this lesson, learners should be able to:

1. State Gauss’s law plates
2. Use Gauss’s law to infer electric field
due to uniformly distributed charges
on long wires, spheres and large

Concepts:
• Gauss’s Law
field. It is one of the fundamental laws
The mathematical relation between
of electromagnetism.
electric flux and the enclosed charge is
known as Gauss law for the electric

Gauss’s Law
Gauss’s law relates the net flux Ф of an the net flux through a Gaussian surface: If
electric field through a closed surface ( a the qenc is positive, the net flux is out-
Gaussian surface) to the net charge that is ward; if the qenc is negative, the net flux
enclosed, qenc , by that surface. It tells us is inward.
that Charge outside the surface, no matter how
Ф= qenc /ε0 (1) large or how close it may be, is not included
in the term qenc in Gauss’s law.
where;
The electric field due to a charge outside
Ф– electric flux the Gaussian surface contributes zero net
qenc - enclosed charge flux through the surface, because as many
field lines due to that charge enter the sur-
ε0– permitivitty of free space face as
ε0=8.85×10−12 F/m (Farad/meter) leave it.

Gauss’s law can also be written as

qenc= ε0 E.A (2)
Equations 1 and 2 hold only when the
net charge is located in a vacuum or
(what is the same for most practical
purposes ) in air.
The net charge, qenc, is the algebraic sum of
all the enclosed positive and negative charg-
es, and it can be positive, negative or zero.
We include the sign, rather than just use the
magnitude of the enclosed charge, because,
the sign tells us something about

Week 2: Gauss’s Law and Electric Potential
Sample Problem:
1. Given the figure below:
(i) In figure (a), calculate the electric flux
through the closed areas A1 and A2.
(ii) In figure (b), calculate the electric flux
through the cube
Solution
(i) In figure (a), the area A1 encloses the
charge +Q. So electric flux through this
closed surface A1 is Q/ ε0 . But the closed
surface A2 contains no charges inside, so
electric flux through A2 is zero.
(ii) In figure (b), the net charge inside the
cube ( a Gaussian surface) is 3q (+5q-2q)
and the total electric flux in the cube is
therefore Φ = 3q/ ε0 .
Note that the charge -10q lies outside the
cube and it will not contribute the total flux
through the surface of the cube.
Credits: https://www.brainkart.com/
2. The figure below shows the field
produced by two point charges +q and -q
(an electric dipole). Find the electric flux
through each of the closed surfaces A, B, C,
This suggests that we use a cylindrical
and D.
Gaussian surface, of radius, r, and arbitrary
length l, coaxial with the wire and with its
ends perpendicular to the wire.
10
Solution: Gauss’s law says that the total
electric flux through a closed surface is
equal to the total enclosed charge divided
by ε0.
In the figure, surface A encloses the posi-
tive charge, so
qencl = +q;
surface B encloses the negative charge, so
qencl = -q;
surface C encloses both charges, so
qencl = +q + (-q) = 0; and
surface D encloses no charges, so
qencl = 0.
Hence, we have
ΦA = +q/ε0,
ΦB = -q/ε0, and
ΦC = ΦD = 0.
These results depend only on the charges
enclosed within each Gaussian surface, NOT
on the precise shapes of the surfaces.
3. Electric charge is distributed uniformly
along an infinitely long, thin wire. The
charge per unit length is, λ, (assumed
positive). Find the electric field by using
Gauss’s law.
The field E of a uniformly charged,
infinite wire is radially outward if λ is
positive and radially inward if λ is nega-
tive, and that the field magnitude E de-
pends on only the radial distance from the
wire.
The area of the cylindrical surface is 2∏rl,
so the flux through it—and hence the total
flux Φ through the Gaussian surface—is EA
= 2∏rlE. The total enclosed charge is qencl =
λl, and so from Gauss’s law,
Φ = 2∏rlE = λl / ε0 and
E = λ/2∏rε0 (field of an infinite line of
 11

Week 2: Gauss’s Law and Electric Potential

WEEK2 DAY 3-4

(120 mins)

Objectives: After this lesson, learners should be able to:

1. Define electric potential 4. Calculate the electric potential at any

point due to symmetric continuous
2. Define electric potential energy
charge distributions
3. Relate the electric potential with
work, potential energy and electric
field

Concepts:
• Electric potential
The electric potential, or voltage, is
the difference in potential energy per
unit charge between two locations in
an electric field.
• Electric Potential energy
Electric potential energy is the energy
that is needed to move a charge
against an electric field. You need
more energy to move a charge
further in the electric field, but also
more energy to move it through a
stronger electric field.

Potential Energy in a Uniform The more energy we have to put in, the
Electric Field more electrical potential energy the particle
would have.
Recall that we defined the electric field
about a point charge as The work done in moving the charge from A
to B is given by
E= F/q
WAB=Fd=qEd
From this equation, we can derive an
equation for the electrostatic force, F, as Since the work done is proportional to the
change in the potential energy, U, such that
F=qE
WAB=UA-UB= -UB- UA= -ΔU
Or the force exerted due to a point charge is
proportional to the magnitude of the WAB = -ΔU=qEd
charge,q, and the intensity of the electric
field, E.
Electrostatic force, like the gravitational
force is a conservative force. It “ gives back
work that has been done against it.
Imagine that you have a huge negatively
charged plate, with a little positively
charged particle stuck to it through the
electric force. There’s an electric field
around the plate that’s pulling all positively
charged objects toward it (while pushing
other negatively charged objects away).
You take the positive particle, and start to
pull it off the plate, against the pull of the
electric field. It’s hard work, because the
electric force is pulling them together. If you
let the positive particle go, it would snap
back to the negative plate, pulled by the
The potential energy , U, per unit
electric force.
charge, q, is also called the electric
The energy that you used to move the potential V, where
particle away from the plate ( position A) is
V=U/q and the change in V, ΔV, is
stored in the particle as electrical potential
energy at any other position (position B) ΔV=ΔU/q and
away from the plate. It is the potential that
ΔV=-qEd/q =-Ed
the particle has to move when it’s let go.
 12

Week 2: Gauss’s Law and Electric Potential

Electric Potential

A. Potential Due to a Point charge C. Potential due to a Continuous charge

distribution ( Line Charge)
A positively charged particle produces
a positive electric potential. A Given a line charge of linear density λ
negatively charged particle produces a below, its potential at point P is given
negative electric potential. by:
A point charge ,q, of a distance r from
any point P in space has the potential,
V,

V= kq/r where k= 1/4∏ε0

B. Potential due to an electric dipole

An electric dipole is a pair of electric
charges having equal magnitude and
opposite charge.
V

Where; λ-linear density

L= 2y

Recommended Videos: On Youtube:

Physics - E&M: Electric Potential by
Michel van Biezen
Or Chapter 3 on
http://www.ilectureonline.com/
lectures/subject/PHYSICS/5

Based on the illustration above, the

potential at any point, P, in space due to a
dipole is given by:

Where : p=qd
d=2a
 13

Week 2: Gauss’s Law and Electric Potential

WEEK 1 DAY 4
(60 mins)

Assessment:
Name:________________________Section:_________Score:________

Answer the following questions: Show your solutions if needed.

1. A positive charge, q1=+10nC is at the origin, and a negative charge q2 =-20 nC is
on the x axis at x=4m. Find the net electric field at (a) Point P1 on the x axis at
x=2m, and (b) at point P2 on the x axis at x=6m. Illustrate the problem and show
your solution. (6 points)

2. Two positive charges on the x axis, q1=60nC and q2=36nC are 4m apart. Find the
electric field on the y axis at y=4m for these charges. Assume that q 1 is at the
origin. Illustrate the problem and show your solution. (4 points)

3. What must be the distance between point charge q1=26.0 µC (1µC=1x10-6 C) and
point charge q2 =- 47.0 µC for the electrostatic force between them to have a
magnitude of 5.70 N? (3 points)

4. Two equally charged particles held 3.2 x10-3 m apart are released from rest. The
initial acceleration of the first particle is observed to be 7.0 m/s 2 and that of the
second to be 9.0 m/s2. If the mass of the first particle is 6.3 x10-7 kg, what is the
(b) the magnitude of the charge of each particle? (4 points) (b) mass of the second
particle (3pts)
 14

Week 2: Gauss’s Law and Electric Potential

WEEK 2 DAY 4
(60 mins)

Assessment:
Name:________________________Section:_________Score:________

1. The figure below shows six point charges that all lie in the same plane. Five Gaussi-
an surfaces—S1, S2, S3, S4, and S5— each enclose part of this plane. (a) Use the
Gauss’s law to describe quantitatively the electric flux in each surface. (b) Rank
these five surfaces in order of the electric flux through them, from most positive to
most negative. (10 points)

Surface Electric Flux Rank

S1

S2

S3

S4

S5

2. A point charge q = +3.0 mC is surrounded by an imaginary sphere of radius

r = 0.20 m centered on the charge ( see figure below) Find the resulting electric
flux through the sphere. (ε0=8.85 X 10-12 C2/Nm2 ) Show your solution. ( 5 points)