EQUIVALENT CONCEPT

AND VOLUMETRIC ANALYSIS

Total number of Questions in

Equivalent concept and volumetric analysis are

Level # 1 ................................................................................... 45
Level # 2 ........................................ ........................................ 35
Level # 3 ........................................ ........................................ 17
Level # 4 ........................................ .......................................... 5
Total No. of questions ............................................................ 102
 LEVEL # 1

Q.1 The equivalent mass of calcium phosphate Q.8 The number of milli equivalents of acid in 100
Ca3(PO4)2 (Mol. wt. = 310) is - ml of 0.5 N HCl solution is -
(A) 310/2 (B) 310/6 (A) 50 (B) 100
(C) 310/3 (D) 310 (C) 25 (D) 200

Q.2 The equivalent mass of crystalline oxalic acid Q.9 For preparation of one litre of N/10 H2SO 4
is equal to the equivalent weight of - solution we need H2SO 4 equal to -

(A) Na2CO 3 (B) HNO3 (A) 98 gm (B) 4.9 gm

(C) 10 gm (D) 2.45 gm
(C) KOH (D) CH3COOH

Q.3 Molecular mass of tribasic acid is W. Its Q.10 100 c.c. of 0.5 N NaOH solution is added to
10 c.c. of 3N H2SO 4 solution and 20 c.c. of
equivalent mass would be -
1N HCl solution. The solution will be -
(A) W/2 (B) W/3
(A) Strongly acidic (B) Alkaline
(C) W (D) 3W
(C) Neutral (D) Fairly acidic
Q.4 Equivalent wt. of H3PO 4 in each of the
reaction will be respectively- Q.11 The normality of a solution obtained by mixing
100 ml of 0.2 N HCl and 500 ml of 0.12 M
H3PO 4 + OH–  H2PO 4– + H2O
H2SO 4 is -
H3PO 4 + 2OH–  HPO 42– + 2H2O (A) 0.233 N (B) 0.466 N
H3PO 4 + 3OH–  PO43– + 3H2O (C) 0.116 N (D) 2.33 N
(A) 98, 49, 32.67
Q.12 0.115 gm of sodium metal was dissolved in
(B) 49, 98, 32.67 500 ml of the solution in distilled water. The
(C) 98, 32.67, 49 normality of the solution would be -
(D) 32.67, 49, 98 (A) 0.010 N (B) 0.0115 N
(C) 0.023 N (D) 0.046 N
Q.5 Sulphur forms two chlorides S2Cl 2 and SCl2.
The equivalent mass of sulphur in SCl2 is 16 Q.13 The amount of water required to be added to
g/mole. The equivalent mass of sulphur in 200 c.c. of a semi-normal solution of NaOH
S2Cl 2 is - to make it exactly decinormal is -
(A) 8 g/mole (B) 16 g/mole (A) 200 c.c. (B) 400 c.c.
(C) 48 g/mole (D) 32g/mole (C) 800 c.c. (D) 100 c.c.

Q.6 Equivalent mass of NH3 is - Q.14 The amount of water to be added to 100 c.c.
(NH3 + H+  NH4+) of normal HCl solution to make it decinormal
is -
(A) 17 (B) 17/2
(A) 900 c.c. (B) 850 c.c.
(C) 1.7 (D) 17/3
(C) 400 c.c. (D) 600 c.c.
Q.7 The equivalent weight of iron in ferric chloride Q.15 The amount of CuSO4. 5H2O required to
is (At. wt. of Fe = 55.8) – prepare 500 c.c. of 0.5 N solution is -
(A) 25.8 (B) 18.6 (Mol.wt. of CuSO4.5H2O = 249.5)
(C) 71.8 (D) 23.6 (A) 249.5 (B) 249.5/2
(C) 249.5/8 (D) 249.5/3
Q.16 100 c.c. of 0.6 N H2SO4 and 200 c.c. of 0.3 Q.24 On dissolving 1 mole of each of the following
N HCl were mixed together. The normality of acids in 1 litre water, the acid which does
the resulting solution will be - not give a solution of strength 1 N is -
(A) 0.2 N (B) 0.4 N (A) HCl (B) HClO4
(C) HNO3 (D) H3PO 4
(C) 0.8 N (D) 0.6 N

Q.17 How many gram of KMnO4 are contained in Equivalent weight of metal
4 litres of 0.05 N solution? The KMnO4 is to
be used as an oxidant in acid medium. Q.25 a1 gm of the metal gave a2 gm of its oxide.
(Mol. wt. of KMnO4 = 158) Hence equivalent weight of the metal -
(A) 1.58 g (B) 15.8 g
a1 a 2  a1
(C) 6.32 g (D) 31.6 g (A) × 8 (B) × 8
a 2  a1 a1

Q.18 25 ml of 3.0 M HNO3 are mixed with 75 ml Fa  a I a1

of 4.0 M HNO3. If the volumes are additive, (C) G
Ha
2

1
1
JK
8 (D) a × 8
2
the molarity of the final mixture would be -
(A) 3.25 M (B) 4.0 M
(C) 3.75 M (D) 3.50 M Q.26 5.6 g of a metal forms 12.7 g of metal chloride.
Hence equivalent wt. of metal is -
Q.19 If 250 ml of 0.25 M NaCl solution is diluted (A) 127 (B) 254
with water to a volume of 500 ml, the new (C) 56 (D) 28
concentration of the solution is -
(A) 0.167 M (B) 0.125 M Q.27 0.5 g of a metal on oxidation gave 0.7 g of
(C) 0.0833 M (D) 0.0167 M its oxide. The equivalent weight of the metal
is -
Q.20 100 ml of 0.3 N HCl is mixed with 200 ml of
(A) 40 (B) 20
0.6N H2SO 4. The final normality of the
(C) 14 (D) 10
resulting solution will be -
(A) 0.1 N (B) 0.2 N
Q.28 An element f orms an oxide, in which
(C) 0.3 N (D) 0.5 N
the oxygen is 20% of the oxide by weight,
Q.21 What is the normality of a 1 M solution of the equivalent weight of the given element
H3PO4 ? will be -
(A) 0.5 N (B) 1.0 N (A) 32 (B) 40
(C) 60 (D) 128
(C) 2.0 N (D) 3.0 N

Q.22 9.8 g of H2SO4 is present in 2 litres of a Q.29 In a metal chloride, the weight of metal and
solution. The molarity of the solution is - chlorine are in the ratio of 1 : 2. The
(A) 1 M (B) 0.05 M equivalent weight of the metal will be-
(A) 71 (B) 35.5
(C) 0.02 M (D) 2 M
(C) 106.5 (D) 17.75
Q.23 10 ml. of N-HCl, 20 ml of N/2 H2SO 4 and 30
ml of N/3 HNO3 are mixed together and Q.30 0.84 gms, of metal hydride contains 0.04 gms
volume made to one litre. The normality of of hydrogen. The equivalent wt. of metal is.
the resulting solution is - (A) 80 (B) 40
(C) 20 (D) 60
(A) 3N/100 (B) N/10
(C) N/20 (D) N/40
 Q.39 1.575 g of a dibasic acid is neutralised by
Acid-Base Neutralization
25 mL 1 M NaOH solution. Hence, molar mass
of dibasic acid is -
Q.31 2 gm of a base whose equiv wt. is 40 reacts (A) 126 g mol–1 (B) 63 g mol–1
with 3 gm of an acid. The equiv wt. of the (C) 12.6 g mol –1 (D) none
acid is -
(A) 40 (B) 60
(C) 10 (D) 80 Redox Titration

Q.32 What is the strength in gm/litre of a solution Q.40 How many moles of K2Cr2O7 are reduced by
of H2SO 4, 12 ml of which neutralizes 15 ml 1 mole of formic acid –
of N/10 NaOH solution ?
(A) 1/3 mole (B) 1 mole
(A) 9.233 gm/lit (B) 0.0923 gm/lit (C) 2/3 mole (D) 5/3 mole
(C) 6.125 gm/lit (D) 4.9 gm/lit

Q.41 The mililitres of 0.2M KMnO4 required for the

Q.33 A solution of KCl and KOH was neutralized
with 120 ml of 0.12 (N) HCl. What is the complete oxidation of 0.1 mol Fe2+ in acidic
amount of KOH in the mixture - medium is-
(A) 1.5 gm (B) 0.806 gm (A) 200 ml (B) 100 ml
(C) 1.2 gm (D) 0.88 gm (C) 400 ml (D) 50 ml

Q.34 If 20 ml of 0.4 N NaOH solution completely Q.42 1 mol of MnO4– will oxidise x mol of ferric
neutralises 40 ml of a dibasic acid, the oxalate in acidic medium, x is -
molarity of the acid solution is -
(A) 0.1 M (B) 0.2 M 5 6
(C) 0.3 M (D) 0.4 M (A) (B)
6 5

Q.35 30 ml of solution is neutralised by 15 ml of (C) 5 (D) 6

0.2 N base. The strength of the acid solution
is - Q.43 In the following redox reaction
(A) 0.1 N (B) 0.15 N Cu(OH)2(s) + N2H4(aq) — Cu(s) + N2(g)
(C) 0.3 N (D) 0.4 N number of mol of Cu(OH)2 reduced by one mol
Q.36 The volume of 0.1 M H2SO4 solution required of N2H4 is -
to neutralise 50 ml of 0.2 M NaOH solution (A) 1 (B) 2
is - (C) 3 (D) 4
(A) 25 ml (B) 50 ml
(C) 75 ml (D) 100 ml Q.44 NH3 is oxidised to NO by O2 (air) in basic me-
dium. Number of equivalent of NH3 oxidised by
Q.37 Which one of the following solutions of 1 mol of O2 is -
sulphuric acid will exactly neutralise 25 ml of (A) 4 (B) 5
0.2 M sodium hydroxide solution ?
(C) 6 (D) 7
(A) 12.5 ml of 0.1 M solution
(B) 25 ml of 0.1 M solution Q.45 5 Lit of KMnO4 solution contain 0.01 equiv of
(C) 25 ml of 0.2 M solution KMnO4. 50 ml of the given solution contain,
(D) 50 ml of 0.2 M solution
how many moles of KMnO4 ?
Q.38 If 20 ml of 0.4 N NaOH solution completely KMnO4  MnO 2
neutralises 40 ml of a dibasic acid, the
molarity of the acid solution is - 10 6 10 4
(A) (B)
(A) 0.1 M (B) 0.2 M 4 3
(C) 0.3 M (D) 0.4 M (C) 3 × 10–5 (D) 10–5
 LEVEL # 2
Q.1 How many litres of a 0.5 N solution of an Q.8 The number of moles of Cr2O72– need to oxi-
oxidising agent are reduced by 2 litres of a dize 0.034 mole of N2H5+ by the reaction,
2.0 N solution of a reducing agent ? N2H5+ + Cr2O72– — N2 + Cr3+ + H2O is -
(A) 8 (B) 4 (A) 0.136 (B) 0.272
(C) 6 (D) 7 litres (C) 0.816 (D) 0.0227

Q.2 How many grams of I2 are present in a Q.9 If 200 mL of 0.1 M KHC2O4 , 300 mL of 0.2 M
solution which requires 40 ml of 0.11 N H 2 C 2 O 4 and 500 mL of 0.3 M NaCl is
Na2S2O 3 to react with it ? (I = 127) neutralized by 140 mL of Ca(OH)2 . What is its
S2O32– + I2  S4O62– + 2I¯ molarity ?
(A) 12.7 g (B) 0.558 g (A) 1 (B) 0.5
(C) 25.4 g (D) 11.4 g (C) 1.5 (D) 2

Q.10 The equivalent mass of sodium thiosulphate

Q.3 What mass of MnO2 is reduced by 35 ml of (Na2S2O3.5H2O) in the reaction, (I = 127)
0.16 N oxalic acid in acid solution ? 2Na2S2O3 + I2  2NaI + Na2S4O6 is :
(Mn = 55) (A) 248 (B) 124
(C) 596 (D) 62
MnO2 + H+ + H2C2O4 CO2 + H2O + Mn2+
(A) 8.7 g (B) 0.24 g
Q.11 One mole of KMnO 4 on treatment with
(C) 0.84 g (D) 43.5 g H2SO4 produces......equivalent of oxygen –
(A) 2 (B) 4
Q.4 Volume of 0.1 M K2Cr2O 7 required to oxidise (C) 2.4 (D) 5
35 ml of 0.5 M FeSO4 solution is -
(A) 29 ml (B) 87 ml Q.12 The equivalent weight of divalent metal is
(C) 175 ml (D) 145 ml W. The molecular weight of its chloride is –
(A) W + 35.5 (B) W + 71
Q.5 0.116 g of C4H4O4 (A) is neutralised by 0.074 g (C) 2W + 71 (D) 2W + 35.5
of Ca(OH)2 . Hence, protonic hydrogen (H+) in
(A) will be - Q.13 The specific heat of an element of atomic
(A) 1 (B) 2 weight 32 is likely to be -
(C) 3 (D) 4 (A) 0.25 cal/g (B) 0.24 cal/g
(C) 0.20 cal/g (D) 0.15 cal/g
Q.6 A 20.0 mL solution of Na2SO3 required 30 mL
of 0.01 M K2Cr2O7 solution for the oxidation to Q.14 In a compound Ax By
Na2SO4 . Hence, molarity of Na2SO3 solution (A) mole of A = mole of B = mole of Ax By
is - (B) equiv of A = equiv of B = equiv of Ax By
(A) 0.015 M (B) 0.045 M (C) y × moles of A = y × mole of B = (x +
(C) 0.030 M (D) 0.0225 M y) mole of Ax By
(D) y × mole of A = y × mole of B

Q.7 100 g of a mixture of NaOH and Na2SO4 is neu-

Q.15 Equivalent mass of a bivalent metal is 32.7.
tralized by 100 mL of 0.5 M H2SO 4. What
Molecular mass of its chloride is -
amount of Na2SO4 is present in the mixture ?
(A) 68.2 (B) 103.7
(A) 82 g (B) 96 g
(C) 136.4 (D) 166.3
(C) 88 g (D) 92 g
Q.16 What volume of 0.05 M Cr2 O 72  in acid medium Q.23 What mass of Na2S2O3.5H2O is needed to
make 500 cm 3 of 0.200 N solution for the
in needed for complete oxidation of 200 mL of
reactions
0.6 M FeC2O4 solution ?
(A) 0.6 L (B) 1.2 L 2S2O32– + I2  S4O62– + 2I–
(C) 2.4 L (D) 3.6 L (A) 4.8 g (B) 14.8 g
(C) 24.8 g (D) 16.8 g
Q.17 Milli equivalents of a solute in a solution can be
given by -
Q.24 The mass of H2O2 that is completely oxidised
(A) Meq. = M × Vin ml
by 31.6 g of KMnO4 (Molar mass = 158 g mol-1)
(B) Meq. = N × Vin ml
in acidic medium is -
wt. (A) 12 g (B) 15 g
(C) Meq. = × 1000
E.wt. (C) 17 g (D) 1 g
(D) (B) and (C) both Q.25 The mass of sodium bromate (molar mass 151
g mol-1) required to prepare 50 ml of 0.6N
Q.18 How many milli litre of 0.5 N SnCl2 solution will solution based on the reaction
reduce 600 ml of 0.1 N HgCl2 to Hg2Cl2 -
BrO3  6H  6e   Br   3H2O is
(A) 120 ml (B) 60 ml
(A) 0.642 g (B) 0.755 g
(C) 30 ml (D) 240 ml
(C) 0.814 g (D) 1.51 g

Q.19 KMnO4 reacts with oxalic acid according to the Q.26 If in a reaction HNO3 is reduced to NO, the
reaction : mass of HNO3 absorbing one mole of electrons
2KMnO4 + 5C 2 O 24  + 16H+  would be -
2Mn2+
+ 10CO2 + 8H2O (A) 12.6 g (B) 21.0 g
Then, 20 mL of 0.1 M KMnO4 is equivalent to: (C) 31.5 g (D) 63.0 g
(A) 30 mL of 0.5 M C2H2O4 (oxalic acid)
(B) 50 mL of 0.1 M C2H2O4 (oxalic acid) Q.27 If in a given reaction NO 3 is reduced to NH4 ,
(C) 20 mL of 0.5 M C2H2O4 (oxalic acid)
the mass of NO 3 absorbing one mole of
(D) 10 mL of 0.1 M C2H2O4 (oxalic acid)
electrons would be -
(A) 31.0 g (B) 12.4 g
Q.20 The number of moles of Cr2O72– required to
(C) 6.29 g (D) 7.75 g
oxidize one mole of FeC2O4 in acidic medium -
Q.28 For the reaction
(A) 0.5 (B) 0.6
(C) 0.2 (D) 0.3 Br2  OH  Br   BrO 3   H2O what is the
equivalent weight of Br2
Q.21 The number of moles of MnO4– ions needed to (A) M/8 (B) M/5
react with one mole of sulphite ions in acidic (C) 3M/5 (D) 5M/8.
medium are - Q.29 Equivalent weight of iron in Fe2O3 would be -
(A) 0.8 (B) 0.4 (Fe = 56)
(C) 0.6 (D) 0.5 (A) 28 (B) 56 (C) 18.6 (D) 112.
Q.30 For the reaction,
Q.22 When the ion Cr2O72– acts as an oxidant in
acidic aqueous solution the ion Cr3+ is formed. M x   MnO4  MO3  Mn2
How many moles of Sn2+ would be oxidised to if one mole of MnO 4 oxidises 1.67 moles of
Sn4+ by one mole of Cr2O72– ions - M x  to MO 3 , then the value of x in the
(A) 2/3 (B) 3/2 reaction is -
(C) 2 (D) 3 (A) 5 (B) 3 (C) 2 (D) 1
Q.31 Amount of oxalic acid required to prepare 250 Q.34 The value of n in the equation,
mL of N/10 solution (Mol. mass of oxalic acid =
Cr2 O 72  + 14H+ + ne¯  2Cr3+ + 7H2O is:
126) is:
(A) 1.5759 g (B) 3.15 g (A) 2 (B) 3
(C) 15.75 g (D) 63.0 g (C) 4 (D) 6

Q.32 The equivalent mass of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) Q.35 Mixture of 1mol MgCl2 and 2 mol H2SO4 can
is 49. It behaves as ... acid. be neutralised by:
(A) monobasic (B) dibasic (A) 1 mol KOH (B) 2 mol Ca(OH)2
(C) tribasic (D) tetrabasic (C) 2 mol NaOH (D) 2 mol KOH

Q.33 What is the normality of 0.3 M H3PO4 when it

undergoes the reaction as
H3PO4 + 2OH¯ HPO 24 + 2H2O
(A) 0.3 N (B) 0.15 N
(C) 0.60 N (D) 0.90 N
 LEVEL # 3
Passage True or False
Pyrolusite, MnO2, is the main ore from which Q.6 Equivalent mass of Cr2O7–2 in the following
manganese is produced. The manganese reaction is M/6
content of the ore may be determined by Cr2O7–2  Cr+3
reducing the MnO2 under acidic conditions to
Mn2+ with the oxalate ion, C2O42–, the oxalate Q.7 Equivalent mass of Zn(OH)2 in given reaction
ion being oxidised to carbon dioxide during the is M/2.
reaction. The analytical determination is carried Zn(OH)2 + HCl  Zn(OH)Cl + H2O
out by adding excess volume of oxalate
solution to a suspension of the pyrolusite and
digesting the mixture on a hot water bath until Q.8 In titration of Fe+2 with MnO 4 , MnO 4 is self
all the MnO2 has been reduced. The excess, indicator.
unreacted oxalate solution is then titrated with
standardised potassium permanganate, KMnO4 Q.9 Ferric sulphate is oxidised by MnO4–/H+.
solution after which the manganese content of
the ore can be calculated. Q.10 Concentration of H2C2O4 can be determined by
A student prepared a standard solution of MnO4–/H+ as well as NaOH.
sodium oxalate by weighing 13.4 g of the dry
anhydrous salt, dissolving it in distilled water
and making the solution up to 500 mL. 25 mL of Each of the questions given below consists
the oxalate solution required 10 mL of KMnO4 of Statement – I and Statement – II. Use the
solution. following Key to choose the appropriate
answer.
Q.1 What is the equivalent mass of MnO2 in the
present titration ? (A) If both Statement- I and Statement- II are
true, and Statement - II is the correct ex-
M.w. M.w.
(A) (B) planation of Statement– I.
1 2
(B) If both Statement - I and Statement - II
M.w. 2M.w.
(C) (D) are true but Statement - II is not the
3 3
correct explanation of Statement – I.
Q.2 How many moles of C2O42– ions will be oxidised (C) If Statement - I is true but Statement - II
by 1 mole MnO4–? is false.
(A) 1/2 (B) 3/2 (D) If Statement - I is false but Statement - II
(C) 5/2 (D) 7/2
is true.
Q.3 Molarity of the sodium oxalate solution is -
(A) 0.2 (B) 0.5 Q.11 Statement I : In given reaction equivalent
(C) 0.4 (D) 0.3
28
weight of N2 is .
Q.4 What is the molarity of KMnO4 solution ? 6
(A) 0.5 (B) 0.2
(C) 0.3 (D) 0.4 N2 + 3H2  2NH3
Statement II : Equivalent weight
Q.5 Role of KMnO4 in the given titration can be
described as -
(A) Oxidising agent Mol. wt.
= –
(B) Reducing agent Total No. of e transfered per molecule
(C) Indicator
(D) Oxidising agent and indicator
Q.12 Statement I: NaOH+H3PO4NaH2PO4+H2O Column Matching
in given reaction equivalent weight of H3PO 4
Q.16 Column - I Column- II
M
is . M
3 (A) Cr2O7–2  Cr+3 (P)
7
Statement II : H3PO4 is tribasic acid.
M
(B) Fe(NO3)3  Fe (NO2)2 (Q)
6
Q.13 Statement I : In CuO equivalent weight of
(C) H2O2  O2 (R) M
Cu is 63.5 & in Cu2O equivalent weight of Cu
is 31.8. M
(D) PH3 + H+  PH4+ (S)
2
Statement II : Equivalent weight of any metal
is the gm quantity of metal which is
Q.17 Column - I Column - II
combined with 8 gm of oxygen in the
formation of metal oxide.
(A) gm Equivalent (P) Mole × Valence
factor
Q.14 Statement I : Equivalent weight of all the
MVml
element is always fixed. (B) Milli equivalents (Q)
1000
Statement II : Atomic weight of element is
fixed. NVml
(C) Moles (R)
1000
Q.15 Statement I : Equivalent weight of Fe in (D) Milli moles (S) MVL
(T) NVL
56  3
Fe3O 4 is . gm
8
(U) Equivalent weight
Statement II : Oxidation Number of Fe in
Fe3O4 is +3. (V) NVml
(W) MVml
 LEVEL # 4
(Question asked in previous AIEEE & IIT JEE)

SECTION : A K2Cr2O7 by iodometry, the equivalent weight of

Q.1 How many grams of H2O2 are required to convert K2Cr2O7 is
0.1M PbS to 0.1M PbSO4 - (A) (molecular weight)/2
(D) 16 g (D) 3.4 g (B) (molecular weight)/6
(C) (molecular weight)/3
SECTION : B (D) same as molecular weight.
Q.1 The number of moles of KMnO4 that will be
needed to react completely with one mole of
Q.4 Consider a titration of potassium dichromate
ferrous oxalate in acidic solution is -
solution with acidified Mohr’s salt solution using
diphenylamine as indicator. The number of
3 2 moles of Mohr’s salt required per mole of
(A) (B)
5 5 dichromate is
4
(C) (D) 1 (A) 3 (B) 4
5
(C) 5 (D) 6

Q.2 An aqueous solution of 6.3 g of oxalic acid

dihydrate is made upto 250 mL. The volume of
0.1 N NaOH required to completely neutralise
10 mL of this solution is
(A) 40 mL (B) 20 mL
(C) 10 mL (D) 4 mL
Q.3 In the standardization of Na 2S 2O 3 using
 ANSWER KEY

LEVEL # 1
Q u s. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

A ns . B B B A D A B A B C A A C A C B C C B D

Q u s. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

A ns . D B A D A D B A D C B C B A A B B A A A

Q u s. 41 42 43 44 45

A ns . B A B A B

LEVEL # 2
Qus. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Ans. A B B A B B B D B A D C C B C B D A B A

Qus. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35

Ans. B D C C B B D C C C A B C D B

LEVEL # 3
1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. True 7. False 8. True

9. False 10. True 11. A 12. D 13. D 14. D 15. C

16. A  Q; B  P; C  S; D  R 17. A  P, R, T; B  V; C  Q,S; D  W

LEVEL # 4
SECTION : A
Qus. 1
Ans. B

SECTION : B
Qus. 1 2 3 4

Ans . A A B D