Andreza, Lemuel V.

BSME NS5A
Multi Pressure System

Compressor Intercooler Compressor

A B

Schematic diagram of two stage compression system

4
P4
H.P PVk = C
3 2
P2 = P3
L.P
P1 1

V
P-V diagram of two-stage compression system

Derivation
Assuming that the process is perfect
intercooling

𝑊𝑇 = 𝑊𝐿.𝑃 + 𝑊𝐻.𝑃
𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑊𝐿.𝑃 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑊𝐻.𝑃
𝑘
𝑘 𝑊𝐻.𝑃 = (𝑃 𝑉 − 𝑃3 𝑉3 )
𝑊𝐿.𝑃 = (𝑃 𝑉 − 𝑃1 𝑉1 ) 𝑘−1 4 4
𝑘−1 2 2
𝑘 𝑘𝑚𝑅
𝑊𝐿.𝑃 = (𝑚𝑅𝑇2 − 𝑚𝑅𝑇1 ) 𝑊𝐻.𝑃 = (𝑇 − 𝑇3 ) ; 𝑇3 = 𝑇𝑠 & 𝑇4 = 𝑇𝑑
𝑘−1 𝑘−1 4
𝑘
𝑘𝑚𝑅 𝑊𝐻.𝑃 = (𝑚𝑅𝑇4 − 𝑚𝑅𝑇3 )
𝑊𝐿.𝑃 = (𝑇 − 𝑇1 ) ; 𝑇1 = 𝑇𝑠 𝑘−1
𝑘−1 2
𝒌𝒎𝑹 𝒌𝒎𝑹
𝑾𝑯.𝑷 = (𝑻 − 𝑻𝒔 ) → 𝑬𝑸𝑵 𝟐
𝑾𝑳.𝑷 = (𝑻 − 𝑻𝒔 )
𝒌−𝟏 𝟐
→ 𝑬𝑸𝑵 𝟏 𝒌−𝟏 𝒅
 𝑘𝑚𝑅 𝑘𝑚𝑅 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 − 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑅𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠ℎ𝑖𝑝 𝑓𝑜𝑟 1 𝑡𝑜 2
𝑊𝑇 = (𝑇2 − 𝑇𝑠 ) + (𝑇 − 𝑇𝑑 )
𝑘−1 𝑘−1 𝑠
𝑘𝑚𝑅 𝑃𝑠 𝑉𝑠 𝑘 = 𝑃2 𝑉2 𝑘
𝑊𝑇 = [(𝑇 − 𝑇𝑠 ) + (𝑇𝑑 − 𝑇𝑠 )]
𝑘−1 2 𝑷𝒔 𝑽𝟐 𝒌
=( ) → 𝑬𝑸𝑵 𝟒
𝒌𝒎𝑹 𝑷𝟐 𝑽𝒔
𝑾𝑻 = (𝑻 + 𝑻𝒅 − 𝟐𝑻𝒔 ) → 𝑬𝑸𝑵 𝟑
𝒌−𝟏 𝟐

𝐴𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑦𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐺𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝐺𝑎𝑠 𝐿𝑎𝑤 𝑓𝑜𝑟 1 𝑡𝑜 2

𝑃𝑠 𝑉𝑠 𝑃2 𝑉2
=
𝑇𝑠 𝑇2
𝑉2 𝑃𝑠 𝑇2
= → 𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑡𝑜 𝐸𝑄𝑁 4
𝑉𝑆 𝑃2 𝑇𝑠
𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑠 𝑇2 𝑘
∴ =( ) → 𝐸𝑄𝑁 4′
𝑃2 𝑃2 𝑇𝑠

𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑇2 :
𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑠 𝑘 𝑇2 𝑘
=( ) × 𝑘
𝑃2 𝑃2 𝑇𝑠
𝑃𝑠 𝑘 𝑃𝑠 𝑘 𝑘
( ) 𝑇𝑠 = ( ) 𝑇2
𝑃2 𝑃2
1
𝑃 𝑘 1
𝑇𝑠 ( 𝑠 ) 𝑃𝑠 𝑘 𝑃𝑠 −1
𝑃2
𝑇2 = = 𝑇𝑠 ( ) ( )
𝑃𝑠 𝑃2 𝑃2
𝑃2
1−𝑘
𝑃𝑠 𝑘
𝑇2 = 𝑇𝑠 ( )
𝑃2

𝑏𝑢𝑡 𝑃2 = 𝑃𝑖
1−𝑘
𝑃𝑠 𝑘
𝑇2 = 𝑇𝑠 ( ) → 𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑡𝑜 𝐸𝑄𝑁 3
𝑃𝑖
1−𝑘
𝑘𝑚𝑅 𝑃𝑠 𝑘
𝑊𝑇 = [𝑇𝑠 ( ) + 𝑇𝑑 − 2𝑇𝑠 ] → 𝐸𝑄𝑁 3′
𝑘−1 𝑃𝑖
𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 − 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑅𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠ℎ𝑖𝑝 𝑓𝑜𝑟 3 𝑡𝑜 4

𝑃3 𝑉3 𝑘 = 𝑃𝑑 𝑉𝑑 𝑘
𝑃𝑖 𝑉𝑑 𝑘
=( ) → 𝐸𝑄𝑁 5
𝑃𝑑 𝑉3

𝐴𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑦𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐺𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝐺𝑎𝑠 𝐿𝑎𝑤 𝑓𝑜𝑟 3 𝑡𝑜 4

𝑃3 𝑉3 𝑃𝑑 𝑉𝑑
=
𝑇3 𝑇𝑑
𝑉𝑑 𝑃3 𝑇𝑑
= → 𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑡𝑜 𝐸𝑄𝑁 5
𝑉3 𝑇3 𝑃𝑑

𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑇𝑑 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝐸𝑄𝑁 5:

1
𝑃𝑖 𝑘 𝑃3 𝑇𝑑
( ) =
𝑃𝑑 𝑇3 𝑃𝑑
1
𝑇𝑑 𝑃3 𝑘 𝑃𝑑
=( ) ×
𝑇3 𝑃𝑑 𝑃3
1
𝑇𝑑 𝑃𝑖 𝑘 𝑃𝑑
=( ) ×
𝑇𝑠 𝑃𝑑 𝑃𝑖
1 1−𝑘
𝑇𝑑 𝑃𝑖 𝑘 𝑃𝑖 −1 𝑃𝑖 𝑘
=( ) ×( ) =( )
𝑇𝑠 𝑃𝑑 𝑃𝑑 𝑃𝑑
1−𝑘
𝑃𝑖 𝑘
𝑇𝑑 = 𝑇𝑠 ( ) → 𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑡𝑜 𝐸𝑄𝑁 3′
𝑃𝑑
1−𝑘 1−𝑘
𝑘𝑚𝑅 𝑃𝑠 𝑘 𝑃𝑖 𝑘
𝑊𝑇 = [𝑇𝑠 ( ) + 𝑇𝑠 ( ) − 2𝑇𝑠 ] → 𝐸𝑄𝑁 3′′
𝑘−1 𝑃𝑖 𝑃𝑑
1−𝑘 1−𝑘
𝑘𝑚𝑅𝑇𝑠 𝑃𝑠 𝑘 𝑃𝑖 𝑘
𝑊𝑇 = [( ) +( ) − 2]
𝑘 − 1 𝑃𝑖 𝑃𝑑

1−𝑘
𝑙𝑒𝑡 =𝑥
𝑘
𝑘𝑚𝑅𝑇𝑠
𝑙𝑒𝑡 =𝑦
𝑘−1
𝑃𝑠 𝑥 𝑃𝑖 𝑥
𝑊𝑇 = 𝑦 [( ) + ( ) − 2] → 𝐸𝑄𝑁 6
𝑃𝑖 𝑃𝑑
𝑃𝑖 −𝑥 𝑃𝑖 𝑥
𝑊𝑇 = 𝑦 [( ) + ( ) − 2] → 𝐸𝑄𝑁 6′
𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑑
𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑊𝑇 , 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑊𝑇 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝑡𝑜 𝑃𝑖 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑖𝑡 𝑡𝑜 𝑧𝑒𝑟𝑜

𝑑𝑊𝑇 𝑃𝑖 −𝑥 𝑃𝑖 𝑥
= 𝑦 [( ) + ( ) − 2]
𝑑𝑃𝑖 𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑑
𝑃𝑖 −𝑥−1 𝑃𝑖 𝑥−1
0 = −𝑥 ( ) +𝑥( )
𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑑
−𝑥−1
𝑃𝑖 𝑃𝑖 𝑥−1
0 = −( ) +( )
𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑑

𝑃𝑖 −𝑥−1 𝑃𝑖 𝑥−1
( ) =( )
𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑑

𝑃𝑖 −𝑥−1 𝑃𝑖 𝑥−1
=
𝑃𝑠 −𝑥−1 𝑃𝑑 𝑥−1
(𝑃𝑖 )−𝑥−1 (𝑃𝑑 )𝑥−1 = (𝑃𝑖 )𝑥−1 (𝑃𝑠 )−𝑥−1

𝑃𝑖 𝑥−1 𝑃𝑑 𝑥−1
=
𝑃𝑖 −𝑥−1 𝑃𝑠 −𝑥−1
(𝑃𝑖 )𝑥−1 (𝑃𝑖 )𝑥+1 = (𝑃𝑑 )𝑥−1 (𝑃𝑠 )𝑥+1
(𝑃𝑖 )2𝑥 = (𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑑 )𝑥
𝑷𝒊 = √𝑷𝒔 𝑷𝒅

𝐴𝑙𝑠𝑜, 𝑃𝑖 2 = 𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑑 𝑐𝑎𝑛 𝑏𝑒 𝑤𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑛 𝑎𝑠:

𝑃𝑖 𝑃𝑖 = 𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑑
𝑃2 𝑃3 = 𝑃1 𝑃4
𝑃2 𝑃4
∴ =
𝑃1 𝑃3

𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑊𝐼 = 𝑊𝐼𝐼
𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝐸𝑄𝑁 1
𝑘𝑚𝑅
𝑊𝐼 = (𝑇 − 𝑇𝑠 )
𝑘−1 2
1−𝑘
𝑃𝑠 𝑘
𝑇2 = 𝑇𝑠 ( )
𝑃𝑖
1−𝑘 𝟏−𝒌
𝑘𝑚𝑅 𝑃𝑠 𝑘
𝒌𝒎𝑹𝑻𝒔 𝑷𝒔 𝒌
𝑊𝐼 = [𝑇𝑠 ( ) − 𝑇𝑠 ] 𝑾𝑰 = [( ) − 𝟏] → 𝑬𝑸𝑵 𝟕
𝑘−1 𝑃𝑖 𝒌−𝟏 𝑷𝒊
 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝐸𝑄𝑁 2
1−𝑘
𝑘𝑚𝑅 𝑃𝑖 𝑘
𝑊𝐼𝐼 = (𝑇 − 𝑇𝑠 ) 𝑇𝑑 = 𝑇𝑠 ( )
𝑘−1 𝑑 𝑃𝑑

1−𝑘
𝑘𝑚𝑅 𝑃𝑖 𝑘
𝑊𝐼𝐼 = [𝑇𝑠 ( ) − 𝑇𝑠 ]
𝑘−1 𝑃𝑑

1−𝑘
𝑘𝑚𝑅𝑇𝑠 𝑃𝑖 𝑘
𝑊𝐼𝐼 = [( ) − 1]
𝑘 − 1 𝑃𝑑
1−𝑘
𝑘
𝑘𝑚𝑅𝑇𝑠 𝑃𝑖
𝑊𝐼𝐼 = ( 2) −1
𝑘−1 𝑃𝑖
[ 𝑃𝑠 ]
𝟏−𝒌
𝒌𝒎𝑹𝑻𝒔 𝑷𝒔 𝒌
𝑾𝑰𝑰 = [( ) − 𝟏] → 𝑬𝑸𝑵 𝟖
𝒌−𝟏 𝑷𝒊

𝑏𝑦 𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑦𝑧𝑖𝑛𝑔, 𝐸𝑄𝑁 7 = 𝐸𝑄𝑁 8, 𝑤𝑒 𝑐𝑎𝑛 𝑠𝑎𝑦 𝑊𝐼 = 𝑊𝐼𝐼

𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑊𝑂𝑅𝐾 3:
1−𝑘
𝑘𝑚𝑅 𝑃5 𝑘
𝑊𝐼𝐼𝐼 = (𝑇 − 𝑇𝑠 ) 𝑇6 = 𝑇5 ( )
𝑘−1 6 𝑃6
1−𝑘
𝑃5 𝑘
𝑇6 = 𝑇𝑠 ( )
𝑃6

1−𝑘
𝑘𝑚𝑅 𝑃5 𝑘
𝑊𝐼𝐼𝐼 = [𝑇𝑠 ( ) − 𝑇𝑠 ]
𝑘−1 𝑃6
1−𝑘
𝑘𝑚𝑅𝑇𝑠 𝑃𝑠 𝑘
𝑊𝐼𝐼𝐼 = [( ) − 1] → 𝐸𝑄𝑁 9
𝑘 − 1 𝑃𝑖

𝑾𝑰 = 𝑾𝑰𝑰 = 𝑾𝑰𝑰𝑰
For Pi optimum
2 3 4 5 6 7
1 8

By analyzing the schematic diagram of multi-stages compressor, we can say that:

𝑃2 𝑃4 𝑃6 𝑃8
= = = =⋯ 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒:
𝑃1 𝑃3 𝑃5 𝑃7
𝑃1 = 𝑃𝑠
𝑃2 = 𝑃3 = 𝑃𝑖1 = 𝑃𝑠2
𝑃4 = 𝑃5 = 𝑃𝑑 = 𝑃𝑖2 = 𝑃𝑠3
𝑃6 = 𝑃7 = 𝑃𝑑2 = 𝑃𝑖3 = 𝑃𝑠4
𝑃8 = 𝑃3
𝑃𝑖 𝑃𝑑
= 𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑒𝑞𝑛 2 𝑡𝑜 𝑒𝑞𝑛 1. 𝑎
𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑖
𝑃𝑖1 = √𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑖2 → 𝑒𝑞𝑛 1 𝑃𝑖1 2 = 𝑃𝑠 √𝑃𝑑 𝑃𝑖1
2
𝑃𝑖1 2 = 𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑖2 → 𝑒𝑞𝑛 1. a [𝑃𝑖1 2 = 𝑃𝑠 √𝑃𝑑 𝑃𝑖1 ]
𝑃𝑖2 = √𝑃𝑑 𝑃𝑖1 → 𝑒𝑞𝑛 2
𝑃𝑖1 4 = 𝑃𝑠 2 𝑃𝑑 𝑃𝑖1
2
𝑃𝑖2 = 𝑃𝑑 𝑃𝑖1 → 𝑒𝑞𝑛 2. a
𝑃𝑖1 3 = 𝑃𝑠 2 𝑃𝑑
3
𝑃𝑖1 = √𝑃𝑠 2 𝑃𝑑

𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑒𝑞𝑛 1 𝑡𝑜 𝑒𝑞𝑛 2. 𝑎

𝑃𝑖2 2 = 𝑃𝑑 √𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑖2

2
[𝑃𝑖2 2 = 𝑃𝑑 √𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑖2 ]
𝑃𝑖2 4 = 𝑃𝑑 2 𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑖2
𝑃𝑖2 3 = 𝑃𝑑 2 𝑃𝑠
𝟑
𝑷𝒊𝟐 = √𝑷𝒔 𝑷𝒅 𝟐
Because of the trend we can say that the flowing intercooler pressure for different stages are the
following

NS Pi Pi2 Pi3 Pi4

2 √𝑷𝒔 𝑷𝒅

𝟑 𝟑
3 √𝑷𝒔 𝟐 𝑷𝒅 √𝑷𝒔 𝑷𝒅 𝟐

𝟒 𝟒
4 √𝑷𝒔 𝟑 𝑷𝒅 √𝑷𝒔 𝑷𝒅 √𝑷𝒔 𝑷𝒅 𝟑

𝟓 𝟓 𝟓 𝟓
5 √𝑷𝒔 𝟒 𝑷𝒅 √𝑷𝒔 𝟑 𝑷𝒅 𝟐 √𝑷𝒔 𝟐 𝑷𝒅 𝟑 √𝑷𝒔 𝑷𝒅 𝟒

Derivation of Formula:

For 2 Stages:

𝑃𝑠 𝑥 𝑃𝑖 𝑥
𝑊𝑇 = 𝑦 [( ) + ( ) − 2]
𝑃𝑖 𝑃𝑑
𝑥 𝑥
𝑃𝑠 √𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑑
𝑊𝑇 = 𝑦 [( ) +( ) − 2]
√𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑑 𝑃𝑑
𝑥 𝑥
𝑃𝑠 √𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑑
√𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑑
𝑊𝑇 = 𝑦 [( × ) +( ) − 2]
√𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑑 √𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑑 𝑃𝑑
𝑥 𝑥
𝑃𝑠 √𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑑 √𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑑
𝑊𝑇 = 𝑦 [( ) +( ) − 2]
𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑑 𝑃𝑑
𝑥 𝑥
√𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑑 √𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑑
𝑊𝑇 = 𝑦 [( ) +( ) − 2]
𝑃𝑑 𝑃𝑑
𝑥
√𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑑
𝑊𝑇 = 𝑦 [2 ( ) − 2]
𝑃𝑑
1 1 𝑥
𝑃𝑠 2 𝑃𝑑 2 𝒔𝒖𝒃𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒕𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒗𝒂𝒍𝒖𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝒙 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒚:
𝑊𝑇 = 2𝑦 [( ) − 1]
𝑃𝑑
𝟏−𝒌
𝑥
1 𝟐𝒌𝒎𝑹𝑻𝒔 𝑷𝒔 𝟐𝒌 Total work
𝑃𝑠 2 𝑾𝑻 = [( ) − 𝟏]
𝑊𝑇 = 2𝑦 [( 1 ) − 1]
𝒌−𝟏 𝑷𝒅 formula for 2
𝑃𝑑 2 stages
1
𝑃𝑠 (2)𝑥
𝑊𝑇 = 2𝑦 [( ) − 1]
𝑃𝑑
For 3 Stages:

𝑊𝑇 = 𝑊𝐼 + 𝑊𝐼𝐼 + 𝑊𝐼𝐼𝐼
𝑘
𝑊𝐼 = (𝑃 𝑉 − 𝑃1 𝑉1 )
𝑘−1 2 2
𝑘
𝑊𝐼𝐼 = (𝑃 𝑉 − 𝑃3 𝑉3 )
𝑘−1 4 4
𝑘
𝑊𝐼𝐼𝐼 = (𝑃 𝑉 − 𝑃5 𝑉5 )
𝑘−1 6 6

𝑘 𝑘 𝑘
𝑊𝑇 = (𝑃2 𝑉2 − 𝑃1 𝑉1 ) + (𝑃4 𝑉4 − 𝑃3 𝑉3 ) + (𝑃 𝑉 − 𝑃5 𝑉5 )
𝑘−1 𝑘−1 𝑘−1 6 6
𝑘
𝑊𝑇 = [(𝑃 𝑉 − 𝑃1 𝑉1 ) + (𝑃4 𝑉4 − 𝑃3 𝑉3 ) + (𝑃6 𝑉6 − 𝑃5 𝑉5 )]
𝑘−1 2 2
𝑘𝑚𝑅
𝑊𝑇 = (𝑇 − 𝑇1 + 𝑇4 − 𝑇3 + 𝑇6 − 𝑇5 )
𝑘−1 2

𝑇1 = 𝑇3 = 𝑇5 = 𝑇𝑠 ; 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔

𝑘𝑚𝑅
𝑊𝑇 = (𝑇 − 𝑇𝑠 + 𝑇4 − 𝑇𝑠 + 𝑇6 − 𝑇𝑠 )
𝑘−1 2
𝑘𝑚𝑅
𝑊𝑇 = (𝑇 + 𝑇4 + 𝑇6 − 3𝑇𝑠 ) → 𝐸𝑞𝑛 1
𝑘−1 2
𝟏−𝒌
𝑷𝒔 𝒌
𝑻𝟐 = 𝑻𝒔 ( ) → 𝑬𝒒𝒏 𝟐
𝑷𝒊𝟏
1−𝑘
𝑃𝑖1 𝑘
𝑇4 = 𝑇𝑠 ( )
𝑃𝑑
1−𝑘
𝑃3 𝑘 𝑃2 𝑃4 𝑃6
𝑇4 = 𝑇𝑠 ( ) = =
𝑃4 𝑃1 𝑃3 𝑃5

𝑃2 𝑃3 = 𝑃1 𝑃4

𝑃3 𝑃1
=
𝑃4 𝑃2
1−𝑘
𝑃1 𝑘 𝑃1 𝑃𝑠
𝑇4 = 𝑇𝑠 ( ) =
𝑃2 𝑃2 𝑃𝑖1

𝟏−𝒌
𝑷𝒔 𝒌
𝑻𝟒 = 𝑻𝒔 ( ) → 𝑬𝒒𝒏 𝟑
𝑷𝒊𝟏
𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 − 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑅𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠ℎ𝑖𝑝 𝑓𝑜𝑟 5 𝑡𝑜 6

𝑃5 𝑉5 𝑘 = 𝑃6 𝑉6 𝑘

𝑷𝟓 𝑽𝟔 𝒌
=( ) → 𝑬𝒒𝒏 𝟒
𝑷𝟔 𝑽𝟓

𝐴𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑦𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐺𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝐺𝑎𝑠 𝐿𝑎𝑤 𝑓𝑜𝑟 5 𝑡𝑜 6

𝑃5 𝑉5 𝑃6 𝑉6
=
𝑇5 𝑇6
𝑉6 𝑃5 𝑇6
= → 𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑡𝑜 𝐸𝑞𝑛 5
𝑉5 𝑇5 𝑃6

𝑷𝟓 𝑷𝟓 𝑻𝟔 𝒌
=( ) → 𝑬𝒒𝒏 𝟓. 𝒂
𝑷𝟔 𝑻𝟓 𝑷𝟔

𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑇6 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝐸𝑞𝑛 5. 𝑎:

1
𝑃5 𝑘 𝑃5 𝑇6
( ) =
𝑃6 𝑇5 𝑃6
1
𝑇6 𝑃5 𝑘 𝑃6
=( ) ×
𝑇5 𝑃6 𝑃5

1
𝑇6 𝑃5 𝑘 𝑃5 −1
=( ) ×( )
𝑇5 𝑃6 𝑃6
1−𝑘
𝑃5 𝑘
𝑇6 = 𝑇5 ( )
𝑃6
𝑃2 𝑃4 𝑃6
= =
𝑃1 𝑃3 𝑃5

𝑃2 𝑃5 = 𝑃1 𝑃6
𝑃5 𝑃1
=
1−𝑘
𝑃6 𝑃2
𝑃1 𝑘
𝑇6 = 𝑇5 ( )
𝑃2
𝑃1 𝑃𝑠
=
𝑃2 𝑃𝑖1

𝟏−𝒌
𝑷𝒔 𝒌
𝑻𝟔 = 𝑻𝒔 ( ) → 𝑬𝒒𝒏 𝟔
𝑷𝒊𝟏
𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐸𝑞𝑛 2, 3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 6 𝑡𝑜 𝐸𝑞𝑛 1:

1−𝑘 1−𝑘 1−𝑘

𝑘𝑚𝑅 𝑃𝑠 𝑘 𝑃𝑠 𝑘 𝑃𝑠 𝑘
𝑊𝑇 = [𝑇𝑠 ( ) + 𝑇𝑠 ( ) + 𝑇𝑠 ( ) − 3𝑇𝑠 ]
𝑘−1 𝑃𝑖1 𝑃𝑖1 𝑃𝑖1

1−𝑘 1−𝑘 1−𝑘

𝑘𝑚𝑅𝑇𝑠 𝑃𝑠 𝑘 𝑃𝑠 𝑘 𝑃𝑠 𝑘
𝑊𝑇 = [( ) +( ) +( ) − 3]
𝑘 − 1 𝑃𝑖1 𝑃𝑖1 𝑃𝑖1

1−𝑘
𝑘𝑚𝑅𝑇𝑠 𝑃𝑠 𝑘
𝑊𝑇 = [3 ( ) − 3]
𝑘−1 𝑃𝑖1

𝟏−𝒌
𝟑𝒌𝒎𝑹𝑻𝒔 𝑷𝒔 𝒌
𝑾𝑻 = [( ) − 𝟏] → 𝑬𝒒𝒏 𝟏. 𝒂
𝒌−𝟏 𝑷𝒊𝟏

𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑃𝑖 (𝑜𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚)𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑡:

3
𝑃𝑖1 = √𝑃𝑠 2 𝑃𝑑 → 𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑡𝑜 𝐸𝑞𝑛 1. 𝑎

1−𝑘
𝑘
3𝑘𝑚𝑅𝑇𝑠 𝑃𝑠
𝑊𝑇 = −1 → 𝐸𝑞𝑛 1. 𝑏
𝑘−1 3
√𝑃𝑠 2 𝑃𝑑
[( ) ] 1−𝑘
3 𝑘
3𝑘𝑚𝑅𝑇𝑠 𝑃𝑠 √𝑃𝑠 2 𝑃𝑑
𝑊𝑇 = × −1
𝑘−1 3
2 3
2
√ √𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑑
( 𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑑 )
[ ]
1−𝑘
3 𝑘
3𝑘𝑚𝑅𝑇𝑠 𝑃𝑠 √𝑃𝑠 2 𝑃𝑑
𝑊𝑇 = −1
𝑘−1 3
2 3
2
√ √
( 𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑑 𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑑 )
[ ]
1−𝑘
3 𝑘
3𝑘𝑚𝑅𝑇𝑠 𝑃𝑠 √𝑃𝑠 2 𝑃𝑑
𝑊𝑇 = −1
𝑘−1 3
2
√
(𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑑 )
[ ]
1−𝑘
3 𝑘
3𝑘𝑚𝑅𝑇𝑠 √𝑃𝑠 2 𝑃𝑑
𝑊𝑇 = −1
𝑘−1 3
2
√
( 𝑃𝑠 𝑃𝑑 )
[ ]
 𝟏−𝒌
𝟐 𝟏 𝒌
𝟑𝒌𝒎𝑹𝑻𝒔 𝑷𝒔 𝟑 𝑷𝒅 𝟑
𝑾𝑻 = ( 𝟏 𝟐
) −𝟏
𝒌−𝟏
𝑷𝒔 𝟑 𝑷𝒅 𝟑
[ ]
𝟏−𝒌
𝟏 𝒌
𝟑𝒌𝒎𝑹𝑻𝒔 𝑷𝒔 𝟑
𝑾𝑻 = ( 𝟏) −𝟏
𝒌−𝟏
𝑷𝒅 𝟑
[ ]
𝟏 𝟏−𝒌
𝟑𝒌𝒎𝑹𝑻𝒔 𝑷𝒔 (𝟑)( 𝒌
)
𝑾𝑻 = [( ) − 𝟏]
𝒌−𝟏 𝑷𝒅

𝟏−𝒌
𝟑𝒌𝒎𝑹𝑻𝒔 𝑷𝒔 𝟑𝒌 Total work
𝑾𝑻 = [( ) − 𝟏]
𝒌−𝟏 𝑷𝒅 formula for 3
stages

In conclusion, the general formula is/are:

𝒌−𝟏
𝒏𝒌 𝑷𝒅 𝒏𝒌
𝑾𝑻 = 𝒎𝑹𝑻𝒔 [( ) − 𝟏]
𝒌−𝟏 𝑷𝒔

𝒌−𝟏
𝒏𝒌 𝑷𝒅 𝒏𝒌 Where n = no.
𝑾𝑻 = 𝑷𝒔 𝑽𝒔 [( ) − 𝟏] of stages
𝒌−𝟏 𝑷𝒔