<tl nhatao`
Vtnvn` Z. Robba`s
Egry Fouctnr 
 

Tlgt As Zcg``a`d?
• Zcg``a`d
 G praegry iu`ftao`gc
iu`ftao`gc eg`gdnragc gftavaty tlgt a`vocvns;
 Hnia`a`d tln ordg`azgtao`‑s dogcs

Nstgbcasla`d g` ovnrgcc strgtndy ior gflanva`d tlosn dogcs
 Hnvncopa`d g foeprnln`savn snt oi pcg`s to a`tndrgtn
g`h foorha`gtn ordg`azgtao`gc worm.
 Xypns oi pcg``a`d

A`ioregc;  `ot wrattn` how`, slort-tnre iofus= spnfaiaf to
A`ioregc; `ot
g` ordg`azgtao`gc u`at.
 Ioregc; wrattn`, spnfaiaf, g`h co`d-tnre iofus,
Ioregc; wrattn`, i ofus, a`vocvns
slgrnh dogcs ior tln ordg`azgtao`.

<‖2
 

Tly Ho Eg`gdnrs Zcg`?

• Zurposns oi Zcg``a`d
 Zrovahns harnftao`
 Rnhufns u`fnrtga`ty
 Ea`aeazns wgstn g`h rnhu`hg`fy
 Vnts tln stg`hgrhs ior fo`trocca`d

<‖6
 

Zcg``a`d g`h Znrioreg`fn

• Xln Rncgtao`slap Bntwnn` Zcg``a`d g`h
Znrioreg`fn
 Ioregc pcg``a`d as gssofagtnh watl;
 Ladlnr proiats g`h rntur`s oi gssnts.
 Zosatavn ia`g`fagc rnsucts.

 Xln qugcaty oi pcg``a`d g`h aepcnen`tgtao` giinfts

pnrioreg`fn eorn tlg` tln nxtn`t oi pcg``a`d.
 Xlnnxtnr`gc n`varo`en`t fg` rnhufn tln aepgft oi
pcg``a`d o` pnrioreg`fn,
 Ioregc pcg``a`d eust bn usnh ior snvnrgc yngrs
bniorn pcg``a`d bnda`s to giinft pnrioreg`fn.

<‖8
 

Low Ho Eg`gdnrs Zcg`? C:2

• Ncnen`ts oi Zcg``a`d
 Dogcs (gcso Obknftavns)
 Hnsarnh outfoens ior a`havahugcs, droups, or n`tarn

ordg`azgtao`s
 Zrovahn harnftao` g`h nvgcugtao` pnrioreg`fn fratnrag
 Zcg`s
 Hofuen`ts tlgt outca`n low dogcs grn to bn
gffoepcaslnh
 Hnsfrabn low rnsourfns grn to bn gccofgtnh g`h

nstgbcasl gftavaty sflnhucns

<‖>
 

Xypns oi Dogcs
• Ia`g`fagc Dogcs
 Grn rncgtnh to tln
tln nxpnftnh ia`g`fagc pnrioreg`fn oi
tln ordg`azgtao`.

• Vtrgtndaf Dogcs
 Grn rncgtnh to tln
tln pnrioreg`fn oi
oi tln iare rncgtavn
rncgtavn to
igftors a` ats nxtnr`gc n`varo`en`t (n.d., foepntators).
• Vtgtnh Dogcs
• Oiiafagc stgtnen`ts oi wlgt g` ordg`azgtao` sgys,
g`h wlgt at wg`ts ats vgraous stgmnlochnrs to
bncanvn, ats dogcs grn

<‖9
 

• Rngc Dogcs

• Dogcs tlgt g` ordg`azgtao`

pursuns(ioccows), gftugccy
gs hnia`nh by tln gftao`s oi ats
enebnrs

<‖4
 

Xypns oi Zcg`s

Nxlabat <.7
<‖<
 

Xypns oi Zcg`s
• Vtrgtndaf Zcg`s
 Gppcy to tln
tln n`tarn ordg`azgtao`.
ordg`azgtao`.
 Nstgbcasl tln ordg`azgtao`‑s ovnrgcc dogcs.

• Opnrgtao`gc Zcg`s
• Zcg`s tlgt n`foepgss g pgrtafucgr opnrgtao`gc

grng oi tln ordg`azgtao`

<‖1
 

Xypns oi Zcg`s (fo`t‑h)

• Co`d-Xnre Zcg`s
 Zcg`s watl taen irgens bnyo`h tlrnn yngrs
• Vlort-Xnre Zcg`s
 Zcg`s watl taen irgens o` o`n yngr or cnss
• Vpnfaiaf Zcg`s
 Zcg`s tlgt grn fcngrcy hnia`nh g`h cngvn `o rooe ior

a`tnrprntgtao`
• Harnftao`gc Zcg`s
 Icnxabcnpcg`s tlgt nxpcga` dn`nrgc duahnca`ns, provahn
iofus, ynt gccow hasfrntao` a` aepcnen`tgtao`.

<‖7:
 

Xypns oi Zcg`s (fo`t‑h)

• Va`dcn-^sn Zcg`
 Go`n-taen pcg`
pcg` spnfaiafgccy
spnfaiafgccy hnsad`nh
hnsad`nh to ennt
ennt tln
`nnh oi g u`aqun satugtao`.

• Vtg`ha`d Zcg`s
 O`doa`dpcg`s tlgt provahn duahg`fn ior gftavatans
pnriorenh rnpngtnhcy.

<‖77
 

Gpprogflns to Vntta`d Dogcs CO6

• Xrghatao`gc Dogc Vntta`d
 Brogh dogcs grn snt gt tln top oi tln ordg`azgtao`.
 Dogcs grn tln` bromn` a`to subdogcs ior ngfl
ordg`azgtao`gc cnvnc.
 Gssuens tlgt
tlgt top eg`gdnen`t
eg`gdnen`t m`ows bnst
bnst bnfgusn
tlny fg` snn tln –bad pafturn.―
 Dogcs grn a`tn`hnh to harnft, duahn, g`h fo`strga`
iroe gbovn.
 Dogcs cosn fcgraty g`h iofus gs cownr-cnvnc eg`gdnrs
gttnept to a`tnrprnt g`h hnia`n tln dogcs ior tlnar
grngs oi rnspo`sabacaty.

<‖72
 

Xln how`sahn oi Xrghatao`gc dogc sntta`d

Nxlabat <.2
<‖76
 

Gpprogflns to Nstgbcasla`d Dogcs

(fo`t‑h)
• Ega`tga`a`d tln Lanrgrfly oi Dogcs
 Eng`s‖N`hs Flga`

• G` a`tndrgtnh `ntworm

`ntworm oi dogcs a` wlafl
• tln gffoepcaslen`t oi dogcs gt o`n cnvnc
• snrvns gs tln eng`s ior gflanva`d tln
• dogcs, or n`hs, gt tln `nxt cnvnc

<‖78
 

Gpprogflns to Nstgbcasla`d Dogcs

(fo`t‑h)
• Eg`gdnen`t By Obknftavns (EBO)
 Vpnfaiaf pnrioreg`fn dogcs grn koa`tcy hntnrea`nh by

nepcoynns g`h eg`gdnrs.

 Zrodrnss towgrh gffoepcasla`d dogcs as pnraohafgccy
rnvanwnh.
 Rnwgrhs grn gccofgtnh o` tln bgsas oi prodrnss
towgrhs tln dogcs.
 Mny ncnen`ts oi EBO;
 Dogc spnfaiafaty, pgrtafapgtavn hnfasao` egma`d, g`
nxpcafat pnrioreg`fn/nvgcugtao` pnraoh, innhbgfm

<‖7>
 

Vtnps a` g Xypafgc EBO Zrodrge

7. Xln ordg`azg
ordg`azgtao`‑s
tao`‑s ovnr
ovnrgcc
gcc obknftav
obknftavns
ns g`h
g`h s
strgtn
trgtndans
dans grn
ioreucgtnh.
2. Egkor obknftavns
obknftavns grn gccofgt
gccofgtnh
nh geo`d
geo`d havasao`g
havasao`gcc g`h hnpgrt
hnpgrten`t
en`tgc
gc
u`ats.
6. ^`at eg`gdnr
eg`gdnrs s foccgborg
foccgborgtavncy
tavncy snt spnfai
spnfaiaf
af obknftavn
obknftavns
s ior tlnar
u`ats watl tlnar eg`gdnrs.
8. Vpnfaiaf
Vpnfaiaf obk
obknftav
nftavns
ns gr
grn
n foccgborg
foccgborgtavnc
tavncy
y snt watl gcc
gcc hnpgrten`
hnpgrten`tt
enebnrs.
>. Gftao` pcg`s,
pcg`s, hnia`a`d
hnia`a`d low obknftavns
obknftavns grn tto
o bn g
gflanv
flanvnh,
nh, g
grn
rn
spnfaianh g`h gdrnnh upo` by eg`gdnrs g`h nepcoynns.
9. Xln gft
gftao`
ao` pcg`s
pcg`s grn aep
aepcne
cnen`t
n`tnh.
nh.
4. Zrodrnss
Zrodrnss towgrh
towgrh obkn
obknftavn
ftavns
s as pnrao
pnraohafgcc
hafgccy
y rnvanwn
rnvanwnh,
h, g`
g`h
h
innhbgfm as provahnh.
<. Vuffnssiu
Vuffnssiucc gflanvne
gflanvnen`t
n`t oi
oi obknftavn
obknftavns
s as rna`iorfnh
rna`iorfnh by
pnrioreg`fn-bgsnh rnwgrhs. Nxlabat <.6
<‖79
 

Hons EBO Torm?

At fg` a`frngsn nepcoynn pnrioreg`fn
• g`h ordg`azgtao`gc prohuftavaty.

• But as EBO rncnvg`t ior tohgy‑s ordg`azgtao`s?

<‖74

Flgrgftnrastafs oi Tncc-Hnsad`nh Dogcs
• Trattn` a` tnres oi
outfoens, `ot gftao`s
 Iofusns o` tln n`hs, `ot
tln eng`s.
• Engsurgbcn g`h
qug`taiagbcn
 Vpnfaiafgccy hnia`ns low tln
outfoen as to bn engsurnh
g`h low eufl as nxpnftnh.
• Fcngr gs to taen irgen
 Low co`d bniorn engsura`d
gffoepcaslen`t.
• Flgccn`da`d ynt gttga`gbcn
 Cow dogcs ho `ot eotavgtn.
 Ladl dogcs eotavgtn ai tlny
fg` bn gflanvnh.
• Trattn` how`
 Iofusns, hnia`ns, g`h
egmns dogc vasabcn.
• Foeeu`afgtnh to gcc
 Zuts nvnrybohy –o` tln
sgen pgdn.―
Nxlabat <.8
<‖7<
 

Vtnps a` Dogc Vntta`d

7. Rnvanw tln ordg`azgtao`‑s eassao` stgtnen`t.
7. Ho dogcs rnicnft tln eassao`?
2. Nvgcugtn gvgacgbcn rnsourfns.

7. Grn rnsourfns suiiafan`t to gffoepcasl tln eassao`?

6. Hntnrea`n dogcs a`havahugccy or watl otlnrs.
7. Grn dogcs spnfaiaf, engsurgbcn, g`h taency?
8. Tratn how` tln dogcs g`h foeeu`afgtn tlne.
7. As nvnrybohy o` tln sgen pgdn?
>. Rnvanw rnsucts g`h wlntlnr dogcs grn bna`d ent.
7. Tlgt flg`dns grn `nnhnh a` eassao`, rnsourfns, or
dogcs?

<‖71
 

Hnvncopa`d Zcg`s
• Fo`ta`dn`fy Igftors a` G Eg`gdnr‑s Zcg``a`d
 Eg`gdnr‑s cnvnc a` tln ordg`azgtao`
 Vtrgtndaf pcg`s gt ladlnr cnvncs
 Opnrgtao`gc pcg`s gt cownr cnvncs
 Hndrnn oi n`varo`en`tg
n`varo`en`tgcc u`fnrtga`ty
 Vtgbcn n`varo`en`t; spnfaiaf pcg`s
 Hy`geaf n`varo`en`t; spnfaiaf but icnxabcn pcg`s
 Cn`dtl oi iuturn foeeaten`ts
 Furrn`t pcg`s giinfta`d iuturn foeeaten`ts eust bn
suiiafan`tcy co`d-tnre
co`d-tnre to
 to ennt tln foeeaten`ts.

<‖2:
 

Zcg``a`d a` tln Lanrgrfly oi Ordg`azgtao`s

Nxlabat <.>
<‖27
 

Gpprogflns to Zcg``a`d
• Nstgbcasla`d g ioregc pcg``a`d hnpgrten`t
 Gdroup oi pcg``a`d
pcg``a`d spnfagcasts
spnfagcasts wlo
wlo lncp eg`gdnrs
wratn ordg`azgtao`gc pcg`s.
 Zcg``a`d
as g iu`ftao` oi eg`gdnen`t= at slouch `nvnr
bnfoen tln socn rnspo`sabacaty oi pcg``nrs.

• A`vocva`d ordg`azgtao`gc enebnrs a` tln profnss

 Zcg`s grn hnvncopnh by enebnrs oi ordg`azgtao`gc
u`ats gt vgraous cnvncs g`h tln` foorha`gtnh watl otlnr
u`ats gfross tln ordg`azgtao`.

<‖22
 

Fo`tneporgry Assuns a` Zcg``a`d

• Fratafases oi Zcg``a`d
 Zcg``a`d egy frngtn.
 Zcg`sfg``ot bn hnvncopnh ior hy`geaf
n`varo`en`ts.
 Ioregc pcg`s fg``ot rnpcgfn a`tuatao` g`h
frngtavaty.

 Zcg``a`diofusns eg`gdnrs‑ gttn`tao` o` tohgy‑s

foepntatao` `ot toeorrow‑s survavgc.
 Ioregcpcg``a`d rna`iorfns tohgy‑s suffnss, wlafl
egy cngh to toeorrow‑s igacurn.

<‖26
 

Fo`tneporgry Assuns a` Zcg``a`d

(fo`t‑h)
• Niinftavn Zcg``a`d a` Hy`geaf N`varo`en`ts
 Hnvncop pcg`s tlgt grn spnfaiaf but icnxabcn.
 ^`hnrstg`h tlgt pcg``a`d as g` o`doa`d profnss.
 Flg`dn pcg`s wln` fo`hatao`s wgrrg`t.

Znrsastn`fn a` pcg``a`d nvn`tugccy pgy oii.
 Icgttn` tln ordg`azgtao`gc lanrgrfly to iostnr tln
hnvncopen`t oi pcg``a`d smaccs gt gcc
ordg`azgtao`gc cnvncs.

<‖28