PJIN  < CJ[ @J NFZNQ JD JC UJXÜ

NQKFDNPZXN  < MHXNQ BK@XNZCKANQ

 
@MAJDPJ  < KDF. ANXCMQ Q. BZNIÎD PMXXJLÑD

NCZIDM < ANXCMQ XM@JX XNIKXJ\ XM@XKFZJ\. 

PNXNUMPM-8585
 

Jc prjsjdtj trnhnlm trntn najran `j cn Cjy Fjdjrnc `jc Nfun m Cjy `j cms rjaursms
`jc Nfun m Cjy `j cms rjaursms bé`rkams, quj tkjdj amim prmpñsktm, rjnckznr ud
rjsuijd `j cn cjy yn ijdakmdn`n, nc iksim tkjipm su okdnck`n`, prkdakpkms,
`kspmskakmdjs fjdjrncjs, usms `j cms rjaursms bé`rkams y amim tnihkëd cms
`jrjabms `j rjaursms bé`rkams y amim tnihkëd cms `jrjabms `j usms `jc nfun.
Cn cjy prmpkakn jc anihkm `j im`m `j pjdsnr y cns natktu`js `jc vncmr y fjstkñd

`jc nfun pmr tm`ms cms sjatmrjs smakncjs y prm`uatkvms pnrn ud nprmvjabnikjdtm
jokakjdtj y prm`uatkvm. Cn cjfkscnakñd prmiujvj cn iktkfnakñd `j cns nfuns jd cn
amdtnikdnakñd manskmdn`n pmr cms rjsk`ums `j cms pujhcms y aku`n`js prm`uatm
`j cns natkvk`n`js amim cn kd`ustrkn, cn ikdjrén, cn nfrkaucturn, jdtrj mtrns.
Pnihkëd sj prjvë cns amdsjaujdakns prmvman`ns pmr jc ancjdtnikjdtm fcmhnc jd
cn `jsfcnaknakñd m anihkm ackiîtkam, quj nojatn n cms djvn`ms quj amdstktuyjd cn
rjsjrvn `j nfun pnrn cns outurns fjdjrnakmdjs. N`jiîs, dujstrm pnés Ujrü js jc
matnvm n dkvjc n dkvjc iud`knc amd iud`knc amd inymr `kspmdkhkck`n` bé`rkan jd jc
iud`m amd >,6?2.>68 IIA/NÞM, y ?0,555 I1/BNH/NÞM.
 

XJQZIJD [ AXÉPKANQ
AXÉPKANQ N CN CJ[ FJDJXNC @J CMQ XJAZXQMQ BÉ@XKAMQ
BÉ@XKAMQ

Cjy Dµ 8;112, cjy `j rjaursms Bé`rkams, cn iksin quj `jrmfn cn cjy Dµ>66:8, cjy
`j nfuns, nsé amim jc @jarjtm cjfkscntkvm D.¼ >556 (Dmrin quj prmiujvj cn
krrkfnakñd `j tkjrrns jrknzns amd nfuns `jsnckdkzn`ns)7 jc `jarjtm cjfkscntkvm D.¼
>52> (Dmrin quj arjn jc skstjin Dnakmdnc `j Xjaursms Bé`rkams)7 y jc @jarjtm
cjfkscntkvm D.¼ >521 (Dmrin quj prmiujvj jc nprmvjabnikjdtm jokakjdtj `j cn
amdsjrvnakñd `j cms Xjaursms Bé`rkams). Jc rjfcnijdtm onauctn n cn Nutmrk`n`
Dnakmdnc `jc Nfun (NDN), n `katnr `kspmskakmdjs pnrn su kipcjijdtnakñd. Jstn
cjy tkjdj RKK tétucms n`jiîs `j ud tétucm prjckikdnr rjojrk`m n cms prkdakpkms quj
rjfucnd jc usm y cn fjstkñd kdtjfrn`n `j rjaursms bé`rkams.

Okdnck`n` `j cn Cjy<

Cn cjy amiprjd`j jc nfun supjrokaknc, s nfun supjrokaknc, suhtjrrîdjn, amdtkdjdtnc

y cms hkjdjs nsmakn`ms n ëstn. Qj jxtkjd`j nc nfun inrétkin y nt jxtkjd`j nc nfun
inrétkin y ntimsoërkan jd cm quj rjsuctn npckanhcj.

Cn cjy rjfucn jc usm y fjstkñd kdtjfrn`n `jc nfun, cn natunakñd `jc jstn`m y cms
pnrtkaucnrjs jd `kabn fjstkñd, nsé amim cms hkjdjs nsmakn`ms nc nfun. Cms hkjdjs
nsmakn`ms amd cm quj sj `jtnccnd jd cms nrtéaucms : y ? `j cn cjy.
Urkdakpkms<  
Urkdakpkms<
Qmd prkdakpkms quj rkfjd jc usm y fjstkñd kdtjfrn`n `j cms rjaursms bé`rkams<

_ncmrnakñd y fjstkñd kdtjfrn`n `jc nfun.

•  Urkmrk`n` jd jc naajsm nc nf
nfun<
un< jc usm pmhcnakmdnc js oud`nijdtnc.
oud`nijdtnc.
•  Unrtkakpnakñd `j cn pmhcnakñd
pmhcnakñd y aaucturn
ucturn `jc
`jc nfun,
nfun, cn pnrtkakpnakñd `j cn
pmhcnakñd jd cn tmin `j `jakskmdjs.
•  Qjfurk`n` luré`kan< Jx
Jxkstj
kstj ud rëfkijd `j `jrjabm jd jc usm `jc nf
nfun.
un.
•  Xjspjatm `jc usm `jc nfun
nfun pmr cns amiudk`n`js
amiudk`n`js anipjskdns y dntkv
dntkvns.
ns.
•  Qmstjdkhkck`n`< Jc jstn`m prmiujvj y amdtrmcn jc nprmvjabnikjdtm
smstjdkhcj.
•  @jsajdtrnckznakñd `j cn Fjstkñd pühckan
pühckan y `j nutmrk`n`
nutmrk`n` üdkan< N dkvjc

dnakmdnc jxkstj udn smcn nutmrk`n` (NDN), amd mrfndksims `j

`jsajdtrnckzn`ms.
 

  Urjanutmrkm< cn onctn `
• `j
j ajrtjzn jd jc pjckfrm dm amdstktuyj kipj`kijdtm
pnrn npmrtnr ij`k`ns quj kipk`nd jc pjrlukakm `jc rjaursm bé`rkam.
  Jokakjdakn< `jsnrrmccm
• `jsnrrmccm `j udn aucturn `j us
usm
m jokakjdtj pmr cms usunrkms y
mpjrn`mrjs.
  Fjstkñd kdtjfrn`n
• kdtjfrn`n pnrtkakpntkvn
pnrtkakpntkvn pmr aujdan bk`rmfrîokan< pnrtkakpnakñ
pnrtkakpnakñd
d

natkvn `j cn pmhcnakñd mrfndkzn`n.

  Putjcn luré`kan< Jc jstn`m
• jstn`m prmtjfj, supjrvksn y oksanckzn jc n
nfun.
fun.

@kspmskakmdjs Fjdjrncjs<

Cn NDN js jc rjatmr n dkvjc dnakmdnc y iîxkin nutmrk`n` tëadkam dmrintkvn.

  Js rjspmdsnhcj
• rjspmdsnhcj `jc oudakmdnikjdtm `jc skstjin Dnakmdnc
Dnakmdnc `j Xjaursms
Bé`rkams< Jdtrj cns oudakmdjs iîs kipmrtndtjs `j jstn nutmrk`n` jstî `j
mtmrfnr, im`kokanr y jxtkdfukr prjvkm jstu`km tëadkam cms `jrjabms `j usm
`j nfuns, nsé amim nprmhnr cn kipcjijdtnakñd, im`kokanakñd y jxtkdakñd
`j sjrvk`uihrjs `j usm `j nfun, n trnvës `j sus ñrfndms
`jsamdajdtrn`ms.

  @jdtrm `j cn jstrua
• jstruaturn
turn `jc NDN sj bn arj
arjn`m
n`m jc trkhudnc Dna
Dnakmdnc
kmdnc `j
Xjsmcuakñd `j Amdtrmvjrskns Bé`rkans, amd nutmdmién oudakmdnc,
jdanrfn`m `j amdmajr y rjsmcvjr jd üctkin kdstndakn n`ikdkstrntkvn cns
rjacninakmdjs y rjaursms n`ikdkstrntkvms `jc Nfun y cn Nutmrk`n`
Dnakmdnc sjfüd sjn jc ansm. Pkjdj amipjtjdakn dnakmdnc y sus `jakskmdjs
smcm puj`jd sjr kipufdn`ns jd cn vén lu`kaknc.

Cn Nutmrk`n`js N`ikdkstrntkvns `jc Nfun rjsujcvj jd prkijrn kdstndakn

n`ikdkstrntkvn cms nsudtms `j amipjtjdakn `j cn Nutmrk`n` Dnakmdnc.

Cn cjy arjn, n`jiîs, cms amdsjlms `j aujdan, cms iksims quj pnrtkakpnd jd cn
pcndkokanakñd, ammr`kdnakñd y amdajrtnakñd `jc nprmvjabnikjdtm smstjdkhcj `j cms
rjaursms bé`rkams. Okdncijdtj, jc skstjin Dnakmdnc `j Fjstkñd `j cms Xjaursms
Bé`rkams amdsk`jrn cns mrfndkznakmdjs `j usunrkms amim nsmaknakñd akvkc quj
tkjdjd pmr okdnck`n` cn pnrtkakpnakñd mrfndkzn`n `j cms usunrkms jd cn fjstkñd
iuctksjatmrknc y usm smstjdkhcj `j cms rjaursms bé`rkams.

Zsms `j cms rjaursms

rjaursms bé`rkam s<

Cms usms `jc nfun smd cms skfukjdtjs<

Zsm Urkinrkm< Ztkckznakñd
Urkinrkm<  Ztkckznakñd `krjatn jd oujdtjs dnturncjs y anuajs amd jc okd `j
sntksonajr djajsk`n`js buindns prkinrkns. Jstj usm dm rjqukjrj `j nutmrkznakñd
n`ikdkstrntkvn, `jhj sjr kdmaum nc nihkjdtj y n tjrajrms, dm tkjdj okd cuarntkvm, sj
jljraj jd omrin frntuktn y jstî rjstrkdfk`m n ij`kms induncjs. dm `jhj nctjrnr
cns oujdtjs `j nfun jd cn anck`n` y andtk`n` y dm `jhj nojatnr hkjdjs nc nfun.
 

Arétkan<  Jd cn Cjy sjþncn quj, jd jstj usm prkinrkm, cns pjrsmdns quj tkjdjd
Arétkan< Jd
naajsm `krjatm n cns oujdtjs `j nfun, naaj`nd amd dmrinck`n` nc iksim tkjipm
cm auk`jd y dm cm amdtnikdjd, pmr cm aunc jstî hkjd yn quj nsé sj prjsjrvnrén jc
nfun pnrn cns fjdjrnakmdjs outurns.

Zsm Umhcnakmdnc< Anptnakñd
Umhcnakmdnc<  Anptnakñd `j nfun `j udn oujdtj rj` pühckan `jhk`nijdtj
trntn`n, amd jc okd `j sntksonajr djajsk`n`js buindns hîskans. Qj jljraj
ij`kndtj `jrjabms `j usm `j nfun mtmrfn`ms pmr cn Nutmrk`n` Dnakmdnc.

Arétkan<  Jd cn cjy ijdakmdn quj jd jsansjz `j nfun sj tminrnd ij`k`ns `j

Arétkan< Jd
rnakmdnikjdtm pnrn rjstrkdfkr jc usm `j nfun quj dm jstë amdsk`jrn`m pnrn
sntksonajr cns djajsk`n`js pjrsmdncjs, pmr cm quj jd ik mpkdkñd pkjdsm quj js
`j suin kipmrtndakn yn quj n kdkakms `j jstj 85>2 jd Qu`îorkan (Aku`n` `jc
Anhm), buhm sjquéns pmr cm quj jc jstn`m mptñ pmr udn ij`k`n `j amdsuim `j
nfun n :5 cktrms pmr `én, pmr cm quj cmfrnrmd jvktnr jc `én ajrm y nipcknrcm bnstn jc
85>; sk js quj dm ccjfnsjd cns ccuvkns.

Urm`uatkvm<  utkckznakñd `jc rjaursm jd prmajsms `j prm`uaakñd m prjvkms n

Zsm Urm`uatkvm< utkckznakñd
cms iksims. Qj jljraj ij`kndtj `jrjabms `j usm `j nfuns mtmrfn`ns pmr cn
Nutmrk`n` Dnakmdnc. Jstj ansm jxkstj ; tkpms `j usms prm`uatkvms jdtrj cms quj
sj jdaujdtrnd cms usms `j nfrnrkm< pjaunrkm y nfréamcn, nauéamcn y pjsqujrm,
jdjrfëtkam, kd`ustrknc, ij`kakdnc, ikdjrm, rjarjntkvm, turéstkam y `j trndspmrtj, jta.

Arétkan<  Jd cn cjy `jhkjrn ijdakmdnr quj cns pjrsmdns qukjdjs bnajd inymrjs
Arétkan< Jd
amdsuims jd cms `kstkdtms usms quj sj cj `n nc nfun smhrj tm`m jd cn nfrkaucturn,
`jhkjrnd pnfnr `j naujr`m n cn andtk`n` quj usnd, yn quj jd iuabms cufnrjs
`j dujstrm pnés tm`ms pnfnd cn iksin andtk`n`, nudquj ncfudms usnd iîs quj
mtrms pmhcn`mrjs.

@jrjabms
@jrjabms `j Z
Zsms
sms `j
` j Nfun<

Cns acnsjs `j `jrjabm `j usm `j nfun smd<

Ckajdakn `j Zsm `j Nfun< Js ud `jrjabm quj sj mtmrfn pmr pcnzm kd`jtjrikdn`m,

ikjdtrns
y rjspjatmsuhskstn
`j cn cnaunc
natkvk`n` pnrn puj`j
su tktucnr cn quj ouj mtmrfn`m,
rjnckznr pmr udnjd
kdvjrskmdjs `mtnakñd ndunc
trntnikjdtm,
trndsomrinakñd y rjutkckznakñd. Cn cjy n amdtjipcn`m tnihkëd nc mtmrfnikjdtm `j
ckajdakns prmvkskmdncjs n tktucnrjs `j amdajskmdjs auyn okdnck`n` sjn cn
rjnckznakñd `j jstu`kms jd auncqukjr natkvk`n`. Unrn jccm `jhjd jxkstkr rjaursms
bé`rkams jxaj`jdtjs y dm sj `jhjd nojatnr usms `j tjrajrms. Jc pcnzm `j jstn
ckajdakn js `jtjrikdn`m y dm puj`j supjrnr jc `j cns amdajskmdjs quj cn
mrkfkdnd.

Ujriksm `j Zsm `j Nfun< Jc pjriksm pnrn ëpmans `j supjrîvkt bé`rkam js ud

`jrjabm `j `mtnakñd kd`jtjrikdn`n y `j jljrakakm jvjdtunc. Qj mtmrfn pnrn jc usm
`j udn andtk`n` kd`jtjrikdn`n `j nfun vnrknhcj prmvjdkjdtj `j udn oujdtj
dnturnc. Ujriksm smhrj nfuns rjsk`uncjs js ud `jrjabm `j `urnakñd
kd`jtjrikdn`n, ij`kndtj jc aunc sj mtmrfn jc `jrjabm nc usm `j udn andtk`n`
 

`jtjrikdn`n `j nfun vknhcj prmvjdkjdtj `j okctrnakmdjs rjsuctndtjs `jc jljrakakm

`jc `jrjabm `j cms tktucnrjs `jc `jrjabm `j usm.

 Nutm
 Nu tm rkznak
rk znakñd
ñd `j Zsm
Zs m `
`jj Nfun<
Nf un<

Qj trntn `j ud `jrjabm `j usm `j pcnzm `jtjrikdn`m dm inymr `j `ms nþms. Qj

nutmrkzn jc usm `j udn andtk`n` ndunc `j nfun pnrn auhrkr jxktmsnijdtj cns
djajsk`n`js `j nfun `jrkvn`ns m rjcnakmdn`ns `krjatnijdtj. Jljauakñd `j
jstu`kms, Jljauakñd `j Mhrns, Cnvn`m `j sujcms. Cns nutmrkznakmdjs puj`jd sjr
prmrrmfn`ns pmr üdkan vjz, pmr ud pcnzm skikcnr, skjiprj quj suhskstnd cns
amd`kakmdjs quj `kjrmd cufnr n su mtmrfnikjdtm. Cms `jrjabms `j usm `j nfun
sj jxtkdfujd pmr<

•  Xjdudakn `jc tktucnr, duck`n` `jc natm n`ikdkstrntkvm quj cj mtmrfñ,

an`uak`n`, rjdmvnakñd, rjsmcuakñd lu`kaknc amdsjdtk`n m jljautmr quj
`kspmdfn cn jxtkdakñd `jc `jrjabm.

_jrtkikjdtms<

Cn Nutmrk`n` Dnakmdnc nutmrkzn jc vjrtkikjdtm `jc nfun rjsk`unc trntn`n n ud

aujrpm dnturnc `j nfun amdtkdjdtnc m inrkdn, prjvkn mpkdkñd tëadkan onvmrnhcj `j
cns nutmrk`n`js nihkjdtncjs y `j sncu` smhrj jc auipckikjdtm `j cms JAN y CIU.