Detailed Lesson Plan in Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person

Grade 11/12

I. OBJECTIVES
A. Content Standard: The learner understands human beings as oriented towards their
impending death.
B. Performance Standard: The learner writes a philosophical reflection on the meaning of
his/her own life
C. Most Essential Learning Competencies:
1. Enumerate the objectives he/she really wants to achieve and to define the projects he/she
really wants to do in his/her life (PPT11/12-IIh-8.1).
2. Reflect on the meaning of his/her own life (PPT11/12-IIh-8.2).
D. Learning Objectives:
1. Identify ways to give meaning to his/her own life;
2. Create output reflecting the meaning of his/her own life; and
3. Appreciate one’s life.

II. CONTENT: Human Person Oriented Towards its Impending Death

III. LEARNING RESOURCES:
A. References:
1. Learner’s Module: Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person Semester:
First/Second (Week 8)
2. Textbook: Abella, Roberto D (2016). Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human
Person. Quezon City. C & E Publishing, Inc. pp. 130-149.
B. Other Learning Resources: PowerPoint Presentation, flaglets, envelopes

IV. PROCEDURES
TEACHER’S ACTIVITY STUDENTS’ ACTIVITY
Preliminaries
1. Prayer
Let us all stand and pray.
In the name of the Father and of the Son, and of the
Holy Spirit. Amen.
2. Greetings
Good Morning, class!
Good Morning, Ma’am Jo!
3. Checking of Attendance
Is there any absent today?
None, Ma’am! We have a complete attendance
today.
4. Recalling the Class Rules
Before we start our lesson, let us first recall
our classroom rules. RAISE
1. RAISE hands.
2. RAISE confidence.
3. RAISE expectations.

A.Reviewing previous lesson or presenting the

new lesson

Let us begin our session today by having a simple

recall about the essential concepts discussed on our
previous topic the “The Human Person in Society.”
In doing this, let us play Who wants to be a
Millionaire?
Are you familiar to it?
 Yes, Ma’am!

That's great! I'm going to divide you into two teams.

As there are two rows in this class – row 1 and row 2
– it will form a single team.
I'd like you to come up with a unique name for your
team.
All right! Please give me the names of your
teams. Row 1?
Team PILOpanalo

How about the Row 2?

Team HUMAgaling

Oh, wow! I appreciate your efforts for coming up

with such brilliant names in a short amount of time.

Okay, class, pay close attention to the following

game mechanics:
A flaglet with your team's name will be given to you.
There will be five levels/stages in this game. Every
level has a question that the teams must answer. It's
worth noting that each question corresponds to
points that will determine the winning team.
The questions will be read twice. Wait for the cue
word “GO” to raise or lift your flaglets. The question
has to be answered by the first team to lift their
flaglet. A wrong response, on the other hand, will
give the other team a chance to answer and gain
points.
The team with the most total accumulated money
points wins a prize. Yes, Ma’am!
Is everything clear, class?
Yes, Ma’am!
Are you ready?

Let’s begin!

(Flash on the screen the video game).

B. Establishing a purpose for the lesson

This time, sit back and recall what has happened in

your life lately.
What moments brought you great joy? And what
filled you with pain and sadness?

(Give the class ample time to think).

I will give you strips of papers in two colors: yellow
and blue.
As you receive these papers, write your happy Happy moments: I had a vacation in Boracay with
experiences on yellow paper and sad ones on blue my family before the COVID outbreak.
paper. Sad moments: My dog died.

(Give the class ample time to write).

Are you done?

Now, weave the strips like a mat. Look at your work
of art, think of how events in your life – both happy
and sad – molded you into who you are now.
Yes, Ma’am!

Did these moments help you become a better

person?
Yes, Ma’am!
Did also these moments encourage you to live a
more meaningful life?
No, Ma’am!
Let us remove one, two and three colored strips. Do
the remaining strips still make a beautiful mat?
Ma’am, both happy and sad moments I had before in
my life made me who I am today.
How will you relate the mat to your own life?

Very good!
C.Presenting examples/ instances of the new
lesson

Now, let me check your initial knowledge in relation

to our lesson today by identifying the four big ideas
through a popular word challenge, Four Pics, One
Word.
Sharing the same mechanics, there will be four
images guiding you to get each word. You have 10 Yes, Maam.
seconds to get each word.
Are you ready?

( Show series of pictures related to the topic)

Death

1.

Life

2.
 Happiness

3.

Sadness

4.

It depicts an opposing point of view of the reality.

You guess all the words, very good class! Death is the exact opposite of life, just as happiness
is the exact opposite of sadness.
What have you observed in the game?

Yes, and these big four concepts have certain

connection with our new lesson today.

D. Discussing new concepts and practicing new

skills #1

To start our new lesson, let me show you pictures of

people who did something
noble before their death.

Yes, Ma’am!

Nelson Mandela Nelson Mandela was a social activist and the first
black president of South Africa. He campaigned
Gina Lopez
against the apartheid policies of the South African
government.
Kindly take a closer look at their pictures. Do they
look familiar? Gina Lopez was a well-known Filipino
environmental and social activist. President Duterte
Can you tell something about them?
once designated her as Director of the Department of
Environment and Natural Resources (DENR).

Yes, Ma’am!
Would you consider yourself doing and achieving
great or noble things in life before dying? 

What possibilities would you like to accomplish

before experiencing your death?

E. Discussing new concepts and practicing new

skills #2
Yes!
Let’s now have Activity 2: The Bucket List
My Bucket List
In your activity notebook, make a list of what you
want to accomplish in your life. 1. To finish school
2. To travel
You have 3 minutes to complete this activity. Are 3. To get rich
you ready? 4. To have a happy life
5. To get married
6. To become a runway model
7. To own a luxury car
8. To build a house for my family

These are the life goals and aspirations that I want to

Now that you have completed your bucket list fulfill.
answer the following questions at the bottom of your
list.
Guide Questions: Among the things on my bucket list, I believe that
being a more responsible person would be the
1. Why did you choose these things to be in easiest to achieve.
your bucket list?
Planting a million trees for a year is the most
2. Which do you think is the easiest to daunting task! Due to my limited resources, that is
accomplish in your life? currently unattainable; I am just a student whose
daily needs are met by my parents.

3. Which would be the most difficult to do?

It is about life and death.

F.Developing mastery
Death is the end of all biological functions that
Do you have any idea what we'll be our lesson sustain a living organism particularly the ceasing of
today? all brain function.

Yes, our lesson is about the Meaning of Death and Yes, death is considered a natural occurrence. As a
Philosophical Views on the Meaning of Life.
 person advances in age, the certainty of death is seen
What is Death? in the gradual decline of the body called aging called
aging or senescence.

Is death a natural process experiencing by any living

organism?

Correct! Death is a part of our life. In due time, all

organism will meet its death naturally.

At this point, I would like to ask this question: “How

one ought to live his/her life?”
To help us navigate this perplexing life topic, I enlist
the help of some of my wise old friends: Socrates,
Plato, Aristotle, Arthur Schopenhauer, Friedrich
Nietzsche, and Jean Paul Sartre.
I gathered their wisdom and kept it in these sobre de
conocimiento.

My
philosopher friend would like to present these to you.
(The teacher will assign new groupings).
Each group should have a leader; group leader will Yes, Ma’am!
go in front to receive their sobre de conocimiento.
Examine each philosopher's ideas about how one can
live one's life with your group.  Each group has 5
minutes to brainstorm. Following that, the group
leaders would have to report the group output.
Is our instruction clear to everyone?

(After 5 minutes, sharing and discussion starts).

Class, let us start our sharing and discussing. Socrates believed that by examining our lives, we
would achieve a healthy life.

Philosopher #1: SOCRATES

Examining our lives necessitates a thorough
Socrates is famous with this dictum: An unexamined
understanding of ourselves including our feelings,
life is not worth living for. Considering this life
behaviours, and values. Socrates claimed that if we
lesson, for Socrates, what would it take for a man to
are aware of our own truths, we can also do the right
live a good life?
thing. For this philosopher, being mindful of oneself
equates as being a virtuous man.
 
That is correct! Why is it so important to examine When a person chooses to live a virtuous life,
our lives? What exactly do we mean when we say happiness is possible to achieve. Examining or
examining? evaluating our lives teaches us to be more vigilant
and aware of our actions and feelings. Socrates'
happiness equation is: Virtuous life = Happiness.
How do we achieve happiness in general, according Yes, Ma’am! Examining life is the most important
to Socrates? task one can undertake. For it alone will give us the
knowledge necessary to the answer our question,
“How one ought to live his/her life?”

Could we therefore conclude that living Socrates'

dictum, “examining life” leads us to a happy life? Plato, like Socrates, encourages people to examine
their lives through contemplation, which is a process
of analyzing behaviors and coming to realizations.
Contemplation, in the platonic sense, does not imply
passive thought or inaction, much less speculations.
Philosopher #2: PLATO
If Socrates advocates questioning one's life in order
to achieve happiness and a good life, what are Plato's
thoughts on this matter? Yes, Ma’am! Plato also claimed that happiness is
about being good and doing good, not just feeling
good. When a person thinks about something, he or
she measures his or her own thoughts and feelings,
which leads to proper behavior.
Do Socrates and Plato have similar ideas about
achieving a happy and good life?
Making contemplation a significant part of one's life
aids one's ability to think and behave correctly.
Sustained contemplation is a key component of a
happy existence.

Why is contemplation so vital for living a happy

life? Ma'am, indeed. Aristotle, like previous thinkers,
associates a healthy life with leading a moral or
virtuous life.

By practicing virtues. Aristotle, on the other hand,

Philosopher #3: ARISTOTLE opposes Socrates and Plato's ideas that if a man
Plato was Aristotle's teacher. Do they have similar knows what is right, he would want to do it. We are
ideas about how to live a happy life? human beings of free will, so we have the ability to
make decisions. Goodness should always take
precedence over wickedness in a man's life.
What will we do then to lead a moral life?
Aristotle recommended living in moderation, which
entails leading a well-balanced life aimed at striking
a balance between abundance and deficiency.

When it comes to living in moderation, a person

If this the case, how would we live a moral life then?
should not devote all of his time to working
intensely or being lazy and doing nothing at all.
Ambition should be somewhere in the middle; we
need to live a healthy life with time for work and
other activities. It is bad to concentrate on one aspect
What does Aristotle's "good life" or "virtuous life" while ignoring the other; it should be balanced. As a
entail on a day-to-day basis? result, we grow as well-rounded individuals.
Excellent! We've finished exploring the classic No/Yes, Ma’am!
philosophers' theories about how a man should live a
happy life. Let's get together now and continue our
discussion with modern philosophers. All of life is suffering which is caused by desire.

Philosopher #4: ARTHUR SCHOPENHAUER Yes, I believe that. Because of discontentment, a

Are you familiar with this man, class?
What are Arthur’s ideas to life?
person suffers in life. We become unhappy with our
lives when we are unable to satisfy our desires
causing us sorrow and dissatisfaction. Surreal
happiness is elusive, according to Schopenhauer,
when our desires take priority in our life. 

Do you agree with his statement? Why?

That is, to be happy and fulfilled with what we have
in life.

According to Schopenhauer, what should a person Friedrich stressed the importance of self-discovery
do in order to live a happy life? in recognizing our higher selves. As we are
exploring ourselves, we are also learning about
ourselves. We will recognise our strengths and
weaknesses when we have a clear understanding of
Philosopher #5: FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE what and who we are. In this context, a man can do
Friedrich Nietzsche came next after Arthur. What and accomplish everything.
was his answer to the question of what a good life
entails for a man? Yes, Ma’am. He also added that, “The individual has
to liberate himself from environmental influences
that are false to one’s essential beings.”

He's probably trying to tell us not to be distracted by

things that prevent us from reaching our full
Apart from that, does Friedrich have any advice for potential.
us about how to live a happy life?
Allowing negative rumors to define or manipulate
you, for example. Permitting this to happen will
cause you to lose yourself, causing you to doubt
What are your thoughts on Nietzsche's advice to us? yourself and your abilities. Get rid of all the bad
influences in your life.

Excellent ideas!

Philosopher #6: JEAN PAUL SARTRE

We've come to the end of our philosophical journey,
Sartre on the other hand advocate this idea that, “The
and we've arrived at our last philosopher, Jean Paul
human person builds the road to the destiny of
Sartre.
his/her choosing; he/she is the creator.”
If Schopenhauer demands that we free ourselves
from the desire in order to achieve happiness and a
decent life, and Nietzsche demands that we satisfy Sartre is trying to emphasize to us that man is the
our higher-self and free ourselves from all non- master of his own destiny; whoever he is now or will
essential influences, what is Sartre’s view on this be in the future is the outcome of his acts and
matter? decisions.

Applying Sartre's life ideas to us, he means that if a

What is the message that Sartre is striving to convey man wants to have a good life, a happy life, he must
to us? make good and right decisions and actions in life;
because a man bears responsibility for his own life.

Happiness is totally dependent to the person.

How does a person live a good life based on this
belief?

Possible Answers:
What have you learned from Sartre's philosophy?
1. Lend a helping hand to the needy fellowmen.
2. Strive harder on my studies to get good
G. Finding practical applications of concepts and grades.
skills in daily living 3. Serve God with all I can.
What are the concrete actions will you do to make 4. Respect people’s opinion always.
life meaningful? 5. Honor and love my parents and family.

The meaning of life depends on how you live your

H.Making generalizations and abstractions about life.
the lesson

Complete the statement:

The meaning of life ______________________.

I.Evaluating learning

Who am I?

Directions: Name the philosophers who gave the

idea on how a person can live a meaningful life.
Choose from the names listed inside the box. Answers:
Socrates Nietzsche Socrates

Plato Sartre Aristotle

Sartre
Schopenhauer Aristotle

Plato

1. “An unexamined life is not worth living for.” Nietzsche

2. Life in moderation.
3. “The human person builds the road to the
destiny of his/her choosing; he/she is the
creator.”
 4. Contemplation makes mind in communion
with the universal and eternal ideas.
5. Realizing one’s higher self means fulfilling
one’s loftiest vision.

J. Additional activities for application or

remediation

Create to Express

Create a photo collage showing how you can

make your life meaningful. You may include the
things that make your life happy or those who
motivate you to do more despite adversities.
Rubric for scoring:

CRITERIA POINTS

Relevance 30%

Originality 30%

Creativity 25%

Impact and Presentation 15%

Total Score 100%

Prepared by:

Joan T. Delino
SHS Teacher-Applicant