Section I

Average speed v q
d t graph gradient speed
d ⼈ I Describe the Motion
c OA constant speed
A AB stop at rest keep stationary
BC constant speed
2 compare WA
o
I uhg UA
Um
Um Explain
thegradient
Because
of
stage OA is largerthan the gradient
of
stage Be
A ante ration
⼈2 a
Uf
Ut graph antler aim
gradient
area under the
graph distance moved
I Describe the motion
vx
c OA constant auelevation
AB constant
A speed
Ba constant auekratim
m
2 Compare GA am Explain
why
T doA scum Because the
gradient of sign of
is largerthanthe
gradientof stage Be
⼈3 observe Motion

light gate Cuttingfor

t ⼆timetaken
the car

the car to
Lds light eminent passthroughlight
gate I
ǜ h time taken
爽
1 了 light receiver 夑ㄇ pan
for the ear to
lightgate2
through

lightgate I lightgate2 T timetaken to the ear to

travelfromgatt I to 2
 出竺堂
竺 spend
of the car passing through
gg I

以 ⼆是 speed of the car passing though

lightgot2
a
If anelevation
of the car

Ticker Timer
i i i i

a
frequency
of mains supply f 50112

time period F
f 002S t2 tm t 4 oozs
time taken from I to 4 t 3T 065
average peed from It 4 以 其
Motion V2 u2
Equation of 2as Not

⼈ 4 Forces

天量 Valor quantities are the quantities that hare both magnitude

and direction
gi velocity force displacement momentum
标量Scalar quantities are the quantities that only have magnitude
g speed time man distance length temperature
15 Newton's Laus of Motion
Newton's In Law whenthe resultant
fora acting theobject is
on
zero the ohftwontauelerate.IT remains stationary or continue
to move in a straight line at constant speed
Newton's 2ndLaw when an unbalanced force cuts on the
object
it will aunt hate The object will speed down
up slow or chang
direction F ma
 Newton's 2nd Law For eachfora there is an equal and opposite
force

⼈6 Applying
forus
Weight wmg igoing on Earth
加 Falling Parachuting

邀
邀
stage Ii fan down
jut start to

Weight acts downwards

downwards
causing Hugèuauelerating
ǔ
stage2i immediately afterstarting failing
There is a drag
p acting upwards speed
dginueaswi drag
area
resultant a dream
fordecreases
ǔ auerat.in
balanced
stage3 forces
们 Eventually weight ⼆ drag
resultant a is zero
for
there is no auelevation
i
get failing at
outautspeed.nnrr.li a terminal velocity

EParahig
nswn stagei.ch
opening
the parachute
⼋
drag immediately increases as the parachuteincreasesthenarene
resultant fora
amg upwards

ǔ
causing
tuohy dialerate downwards
 Hu parachute
stage2
to opening

I'D drag decreases with peed decreasing

resultant
fora dewees
deceleration
du t
stage 不 balanced forus
灬 Eventually weight drag
resultantforce is zero
there is no meterat in
Yo
object falling at consanguinity2nd terminal velocity

u
tg.ph of falling Parenting
Up
Falling parachute
1stterminal _put
velocity

f_Parachuting
2ndterminal
ˋ
tiny t

加印ping distance
stopping distance thinking diana t braking distance

qgrgrtitrnínin
thinking distance
跶1ixreaetiqt.me
alcohol
drug
distracted
in
 braking distance speed of thu ear
man
of Hu ar
condition
of the wad
ice wet mud
condition
of the car
worn tyres brakes
visibility the 薄雾
能⻅度

17 Stretching
Elastin deformation when an has beenstretched it
object returns to
its original length
to
the forces are removed
Inelastin deformation when an hasbeenstretched
not return
obit it does
toits original
length after Hu
forces are removed
Hooke's law F ke Explainwhether th spring dogs Hoke's

Hooke's Law states that

the extension
of a spring is proportional
the force
up the limit of proportionality limit
to

The line on a e F graph is a

Lff
linn and
straight passes
through the origin

putian
efch cneauuuments
ns w di.nu
meaning
the spring by
a ruler marked at lo 印鸣
2 Add a man measure the in T I
ofthe spring
length
3 Calculate the
marked

extension ⼗⼆ tnddfl.my
all
l
l.sn and
4 Repeat
for different masses
 rs.ro
EAaurag
I Make sure the ruler is vertical and close to thu spring
2 check the starting point the ruler make sure it so
of
3 Eyelevel should be perpendicular 九 the ruler when measure
the length
4 use a to mark the position
pin of bin of thin spring
5 ua a ruler with calibrations
finer
1.8 Momentum
kg.vn
hiEy Momentum is a vector p
2
ffhanginmomenmmnnnnnnny 解释缓冲类是型
twhrrrnnr
sth.am designed to increase thu time taken for sh.to stop
change in momentum keeps then some with or without ah
in momentum
According to F change
t TU will dana
so
injury will be induced

if Collisions and explosions

Conservation
of momentum
when two bodies collide the total momentum theyhave is
the same after the collision as it was the collision before

m Mz
Tips
Calculate Hu common
Before collision
a sun
vein remains
After collisioni V2 attached
u aftercollision
means u
it Mzuz m nvzt m
mu以 Therefore then equation
can be written as
mutmu lmtmz.lu
 Head on collisions

M mz

Before collision
th En
At union remains anna iiiiiiiiii
opposite direction so we

consideration
Assume the direction
of initial
why of m is the positive divert
negative positive

m u ⼀
muz IMH mi V
Explosions

m explosion

f ti In
stationary
0 mzh
m i.io
Turning Moments I turning
fun
Moment
fora x
Endurance of line offorcefrompivot
direction
of moment
clockwise
F 9anticlonewise
d
p.io圈

centre
of gravity
The centre
ofgravity is the point that the weight cuts through
For symmetrical body centre ofgravity is along the axis
of symmetry
y irregularshaped body
Suspending
 Find Hu centre
ofgravity of a card

lsuspendingM
card one
zoswpend.hn
holes from of these a
Hang a plumb line from the point
of suspension

using the plumb line as a reference draw i

a vertical line on the land

Repeat
for the other holes

cross on the card

1.11 Balancing Forces

at d2
antiducwiaf I clockwise

ǔ ǐrz
The principle
of moments
when an object is in
equilibrium
I The sum
of
clockwise moments th sum
of anticlockwise moments
2 The sum
of forces balance
Wid ⼆ Wzdz
wit Wz R