CHAPTER

Mole Concept
1
Various Relations of Moles

Important Formulae of Concentration Terms

w2 W2 × 1000
1. w/w % = × 100 7. M =
w1 + w 2 M 2 × V(ml)
w2 w
2. w/v % = × 100 % × d × 10
Vsol 8. M= w
Molar mass of solute
v2
3. v/v % = × 100 Moles of the solute W2 ×1000
v1 + v 2 = 9. m =
mass of solvent(kg) M 2 × W1 ( g )
w2
4. ppm = × 106 x 2 × 1000
w1 + w 2 10. m =
x1 × Mw1 ( g )
w2
5. ppb = × 109
w1 + w 2  1 M (g) 
=
11. d M + 2 
n2 n1  m 1000 
6.
= X2 = ; X1
n1 + n 2 n1 + n 2 1000dX 2
12. M = M
x1M1 + x 2 M 2 ( g )
 Conc. Terms Formula
Moles of component
Mole fraction =
Total number of moles present in solution
Mole Fraction
nA
xA =
n A + n B + n C .....
mass of solute
Parts per million ppm of a solute in solution = × 106
mass of solution
mass of CaCO3
Degree of hardness of water Hardness of water = × 106
Total mass of water
Mass of solute
Mass Percentage %w/w = × 100
Mass of solution
Mass of solute
Mass by volume Percentage =%w/v × 100
Volume of solution

Volume of solute ( cm3 )

Volume by volume percentage %v/v = × 100
Volume of solution ( cm3 )
Moles of solute
Molarity Molarity, (M) =
Volume of solution (L)
Moles of solute
Molality Molality, (m) =
Mass of solvent (Kg)

Some Important Relations Where,

10 × %w/v M = Molarity,
M=
M solute m = Molality
10 × %w/w × d d = Density
M= M1/Msolvent = Molar mass of solvent
M solute
%w/v = % w/w × d M2/Msolute = Molar mass of solute
X solute 1000 Xsolute = Mole fraction of solute
m= ×
X solvent M solvent Xsolvent = Mole fraction of solvent
1000 × M
m=
1000d − M × M solute

2 NEET (XI) Module-1 PW