4.

5 CARGA (𝐙̇) TRIFASICA EQUILIBRADA

̇ = 𝑍!#
𝑍!" ̇ = 𝑍!$
̇ = 𝑍̇ = 𝑅 ± 𝑗𝑋 = 𝑍∠ ± 𝜑

1.- CONEXIÓN DELTA

̇
Sea 𝑉% SEC ABC 𝑍 = 𝑅 ± 𝑗𝑋 = 𝑍∠ ± 𝜑

𝐿 . 𝐺. 𝑑𝑒 𝑂. 1𝑟𝑎 𝐿. 𝑑𝑒 𝐾. 𝑆&̇ = 𝑉̇ ⋇ 𝐼 ̇ = 𝑃 ± 𝑗𝑄
𝑉̇ 𝑉
̇ = 𝑉% ∠120°𝑉 𝐼()
𝑉() ̇ = () = % ∠120 ∓ 𝜑° 𝐼(̇ = 𝐼() ̇ − 𝐼*( ̇ = 𝑉% 𝐼+ ∠ ∓ 𝜑 = 𝑃 ∓ 𝑗𝑄
̇ 𝑆()
𝑍̇ 𝑍
𝑉̇ 𝑉
𝑉)* ̇ = )* = % ∠ ∓ 𝜑° 𝐼)̇ = 𝐼)*
̇ = 𝑉% ∠0°𝑉 𝐼)* ̇ − 𝐼() ̇ = 𝑉% 𝐼+ ∠ ∓ 𝜑 = 𝑃 ∓ 𝑗𝑄
̇ 𝑆)*
𝑍̇ 𝑍
̇
𝑉*( 𝑉%
̇ = 𝑉% ∠ − 120𝑉 𝐼*(
𝑉*( ̇ = = ∠ − 120 ∓ 𝜑° 𝐼*̇ = 𝐼*(
̇ − 𝐼)* ̇ = 𝑉% 𝐼+ ∠ ∓ 𝜑 = 𝑃 ∓ 𝑗𝑄
̇ 𝑆*(
𝑍̇ 𝑍

𝑺̇𝑻 = 𝑺̇𝑨𝑩 + 𝑺̇𝑩𝑪 + 𝑺̇𝑪𝑨 = 𝟑𝑷 ∓ 𝒋𝟑𝑸
𝑽𝑳 𝑽𝑭
𝑽𝑳 = 𝑽𝑭 𝑰𝒇 = = 𝑰𝑳 = √𝟑 𝑰𝒇
𝒁 𝒁

EJEMPLO 𝑉% = 380 𝑉 𝑆𝑒𝑐 𝐴𝐵𝐶 𝑍̇ = 38∠75° = 9.34 + 𝑗36.71 Ω

380∠120°
̇ = 380∠120°𝑉 𝐼()
𝑉() ̇ = = 10∠45° 𝐴 𝐼(̇ = 𝐼()
̇ − 𝐼*(̇ = 17.31∠15°𝐴
38∠75°
380∠0°
̇
𝑉)* ̇ =
= 380∠0°𝑉 𝐼)* = 10∠ − 75° 𝐴 𝐼)̇ = 𝐼)*
̇ − 𝐼()̇ = 17.31∠ − 105°𝐴
38∠75°
380∠ − 120°
̇
𝑉*( = 380∠ − 120𝑉 𝐼*( ̇ = = 10∠ − 195° 𝐴 𝐼*̇ = 𝐼*( ̇ − 𝐼)*̇ = 17.3∠135°𝐴
38∠75°
̇ = 𝑆)*
𝑆() ̇ = 𝑆*( ̇ = 𝑆!̇ = 380 ∗ 10∠ − 75° = 3800∠ − 75° 𝑉𝐴 = 983.5 − 𝑗3670.5

𝑺̇𝑻 = 𝟑 𝑆!̇ = 𝟏𝟏𝟒𝟎𝟎∠ − 𝟕𝟓° 𝑽𝑨 = 𝟐𝟗𝟓𝟎. 𝟓 − 𝒋𝟏𝟏𝟎𝟏𝟏. 𝟓 = 𝑷 − 𝒋𝑸

2. CONEXIÓN ESTRELLA 4H

Sea 𝑉% Sec ABC 𝑍̇ = 𝑅 ± 𝑗𝑋 = 𝑍∠ ± 𝜑

𝐿 . 𝐺. 𝑑𝑒 𝑂. 𝑆&̇ = 𝑉̇ ⋇ 𝐼 ̇ = 𝑃 ± 𝑗𝑄
̇
𝑉(3 𝑉%
̇ = 𝑉% ∠120°𝑉 𝑉(3
𝑉() ̇ = 𝑉+ ∠90°𝑉 𝐼(̇ = = ∠90 ∓ 𝜑𝐴 𝑆(̇ = 𝑉+ 𝐼+ ∠ ∓ 𝜑 = 𝑃 ∓ 𝑗𝑄
𝑍̇ √3𝑍
𝑉̇)3 𝑉%
̇ = 𝑉% ∠0°𝑉 𝑉)3
𝑉)* ̇ = 𝑉+ ∠ − 30°𝑉 𝐼)̇ = = ∠30 ∓ 𝜑𝐴 𝑆)̇ = 𝑉+ 𝐼+ ∠ ∓ 𝜑 = 𝑃 ∓ 𝑗𝑄
𝑍̇ √3𝑍
̇
𝑉*3 𝑉%
̇ = 𝑉% ∠ − 120𝑉 𝑉̇*3 = 𝑉+ ∠ − 150°𝑉 𝐼*̇ =
𝑉*( = ∠ − 150 ∓ 𝜑𝐴 𝑆*̇ = 𝑉+ 𝐼+ ∠ ∓ 𝜑 = 𝑃 ∓ 𝑗𝑄
𝑍̇ √3𝑍

𝑺̇𝑻 = 𝑺̇𝑨 + 𝑺̇𝑩 + 𝑺̇𝑪 = 𝟑𝑷 ∓ 𝒋𝟑𝑸

𝑽 𝑽𝑳
𝑽𝑳 = √𝟑 ∗ 𝑽𝑭 𝑽𝑭 𝑰𝑳 = 𝑰𝑭 = 𝒁𝑭 = 𝑰̇𝑵 = 𝑰̇𝑨 + 𝑰̇𝑩 + 𝑰̇𝑪 = 𝟎
√𝟑𝒁

EJEMPLO 𝑉% = 380𝑉 Sec ABC 𝑍̇ = 22∠45° Ω
220∠90°
̇ = 380∠120°𝑉 𝑉(3
𝑉() ̇ = 220∠90°𝑉 𝐼(̇ = = 10∠45°𝐴 𝑆(̇ = 2200∠ − 45°
22∠45°
220∠ − 30°
̇ = 380∠0°𝑉 𝑉)3
𝑉)* ̇ = 220∠ − 30°𝑉 𝐼)̇ = = 10∠ − 75°𝐴 𝑆)̇ = 2200∠ − 45°
22∠45°
220∠ − 150°
̇ = 380∠ − 120°𝑉 𝑉(3
𝑉*( ̇ = 220∠ − 150°𝑉 𝐼*̇ = = 10∠ − 195°𝐴 𝑆*̇ = 2200∠ − 45°
22∠45°
𝑺̇𝑻 = 𝟔𝟔𝟎𝟎∠ − 𝟒𝟓°

𝑰̇𝑨 + 𝑰̇𝑩 + 𝑰̇𝑪 = 10∠45° + 10∠ − 75° + 10∠ − 195° = 𝟎
𝑺̇𝑨 = 𝑺̇𝑩 = 𝑺̇𝑪 = 𝑆!̇ = 𝟐𝟐𝟎𝟎∠ − 𝟒𝟓° 𝑽𝑨
𝑺̇𝑻 = 𝟑 𝑆!̇ = 𝟔𝟔𝟎𝟎 ∠ − 𝟒𝟓° = 𝟒𝟔𝟔𝟔. 𝟗𝟏 − 𝒋𝟒𝟔𝟔𝟔. 𝟗𝟏 = 𝑷 − 𝒋𝑸
CIRCUITO EQUIVALENTE 1𝜙 Sea 𝑉% SEC ABC -120 +120
𝑉%
̇ =
𝑉(3 ∠90° = 𝑉+ ∠90° 𝑉̇)3 = 𝑉+ ∠ − 30° 𝑉*3
̇ = 𝑉+ ∠ − 150°
√3
̇
𝑉#$ 𝑉% 𝑉% 𝑉%
𝐼#̇ = = ∠90 ∓ 𝜑° 𝐼&̇ = ∠ − 30 ∓ 𝜑° 𝐼'̇ = ∠ − 150 ∓ 𝜑°
𝑍̇ √3𝑍 √3𝑍 √3𝑍
𝑆(̇ = 𝑉+ 𝐼+ ∠ ∓ 𝜑 = 𝑃 ∓ 𝑗𝑄 𝑆̇9 = 3𝑉+ 𝐼+ ∠ ∓ 𝜑 = 3𝑃 ∓ 𝑗3𝑄

3. CONEXIÓN ESTRELLA 3H Sea 𝑉% sec ABC

𝑉%
̇ = 𝑉% ∠120° 𝑉(3
𝑉() ̇ = ̇
∠90° = 𝑉(:
√3
𝑉%
̇ = 𝑉% ∠0° 𝑉̇)3 =
𝑉)* ∠ − 30° = 𝑉̇):
√3
𝑉%
̇ = 𝑉% ∠ − 120° 𝑉̇*3
𝑉*( = ∠ − 150° = 𝑉̇*:
√3
A) POR INTENSIDAD DE CORRIENTES DE MALLAS

𝑉̇ ̇ −𝑍̇ c `𝐼"̇ a 𝐼 ̇ = 𝑉% ∠90 ∓ 𝜑° 𝐼 ̇ = 𝑉% ∠30 ∓ 𝜑°

` () a = b 2𝑍 " #
̇
𝑉)* −𝑍̇ 2𝑍̇ 𝐼#̇ √3 𝑍 √3 𝑍
̇𝐼( = 𝐼"̇ 𝐼)̇ = 𝐼#̇ − 𝐼"̇ 𝐼*̇ = −𝐼#̇
𝑉% 𝑉% 𝑉%
𝐼(̇ = 𝐼"̇ = ∠90 ∓ 𝜑°𝐴 𝐼)̇ = 𝐼#̇ − 𝐼"̇ = ∠ − 30 ∓ 𝜑°𝐴 𝐼*̇ = −𝐼#̇ = ∠ − 150 ∓ 𝜑° 𝐴
√3 𝑍 √3 𝑍 √3 𝑍
𝑉 𝑉 𝑉
𝑉(:̇ = 𝑍̇𝐼(̇ = % ∠90 𝑉): ̇ = 𝑍̇𝐼)̇ = % ∠ − 30 𝑉̇*: = 𝑍̇𝐼*̇ = % ∠ − 150
√3 √3 √3
̇ = 𝑉(3
𝑉(: ̇ 𝑉):
̇ = 𝑉̇)3 𝑉*: ̇ = 𝑉*3 ̇ → 𝑉: = 𝑉3 𝑂 ≡ 𝑁 𝑰𝑫𝑬𝑴 𝟒𝑯
̇ DESPLAZAMIENTO DEL NEUTRO
B) POR 𝑉:3 𝑍̇ = 𝑅 ± 𝑗𝑋 = 𝑍∠ ± 𝜑
1 1
𝐼(̇ + 𝐼)̇ + 𝐼*̇ = 0 𝑌̇ = = ∠ ∓ 𝜑°
𝑍̇ 𝑍

𝐼(̇ = 𝑉(:
̇ 𝑌̇ 𝑉(:
̇ = 𝑉(3
̇ − 𝑉̇:3

𝐼)̇ = 𝑉):
̇ 𝑌̇ 𝑉):
̇ = 𝑉̇)3 − 𝑉:3
̇

𝐼*̇ = 𝑉*:
̇ 𝑌̇ 𝑉̇*: = 𝑉̇*3 − 𝑉̇:3

̇ − 𝑉:3
l𝑉(3 ̇ m𝑌̇ + (𝑉)3
̇ − 𝑉:3
̇ )𝑌̇ + (𝑉̇*3 − 𝑉:3
̇ )𝑌̇ = 0

𝑌̇(𝑉(3
̇ + 𝑉)3
̇ + 𝑉*3
̇ ) 1
𝑉̇:3 = ̇ + 𝑉)3
= l𝑉(3 ̇ + 𝑉̇*3 m = 0
3𝑌̇ 3

𝑉̇:3 = 0 = 𝑉: − 𝑉3 𝑉: = 𝑉3 𝑂 ≡ 𝑁 𝑰𝑫𝑬𝑴 𝟒𝑯