Name: FLORIAN M. ECALNER Task No.

9
Address: Manangle, Sipocot, Camarines Sur Subject: EDUC 200
CP NO: 09203367785 Date: December 18, 2022

I. ESSAY

1. Explain the meaning of analysis and give examples.

Analyzing is the process of examine methodically and in detail the constitution or structure of
(something, especially information), typically for purposes of explanation and interpretation.
Example: It’s always a beneficial step to analyze your current products and services. Make
detailed notes of all the services that you render and all of your products. Assess them and figure
out they are enough to meet your clients’ needs or need any improvement. A customer journey
map is helpful in this case as well. Moreover, you can also obtain customer responses through
online reviews, surveys, interviews, or groups. After this, review your suppliers and distributors
and the tools that you use in your organization.

2. How are data classified and arranged? Explain.

Classification is grouping together data with similar characteristics. Data characterized through the
different methods for describing a set of data. The characterize data task enables us to better
understand the scope and range of the variables in the data. The bases for classification are qualitative
and quantitative. The arrangement of data is the same as those classification. Quantitative (data may
be arranged alphabetically), Qualitative (data are arranged according to the numerical magnitude),
Geographical (arranged according to their geographical location), Chronological (listing down the
data that occurred first and last those that occurred last, or vice versa according to the purpose of
presentation.

3. Explain how group- derived generalizations are made. Why are they important in analysis?
Generally, only proportional predictions can be made. The average can be made to represent the
whole group. Full-frequency distribution reveals characteristics of a group. A group itself generates
new qualities, characteristics, properties, or aspects do not present in individual case. Generalization
is important because it allows researchers to make inferences for a large group of people. It also
allows researchers to take what they have learnt on a small scale and relate it more broadly to the
bigger picture.

4. What is talligram? Explain how to construct and use one?

A talligram is a contraction of tally and diagram. It is the presentation of data in the statistical tables,
where they (data) must be tallied first in a tabulation diagram. A talligram may be constructed by first
determining the classes and their respective subclasses along with their respective numbers, second
make a rows for the classes by drawing horizontal lines with appropriate spaces between the lines and
 the number of the rows should be two more than the number of classes and lastly make a column for
the subclasses by drawing vertical lines with appropriate spaces between the lines and the number of
column should be two more than the number of subclasses.

5. What are three general ways of presenting data? What are the advantages and
disadvantages of each?
Textual or Descriptive presentation, Tabular presentation, Diagrammatic presentation are the three
general ways of presenting data.
Textual or Descriptive presentation data are described within the text. When the quantity of data
is not too large this form of presentation is more suitable. The advantages of this are effective when
the quantity of data is less, and this method is a combination of figures and facts which makes it easy
to understand. On the other hand, the disadvantages of this are ineffective when the quantity of data is
too large and if the data is not presented with proper facts and figures, it may lead to wrong analysis.
Tabular presentation it is a table that helps to represent even a large amount of data in an engaging,
easy to read, and coordinated manner. The advantages of this tabular presentation it makes easy to
analyze and compare data. The data is represented in a readable manner which saves space and the
reader's time. However, the disadvantages of it they lack focus on the individual items, no scope or
potential for description, and requiring expert knowledge.
Graphical presentation it translates quite effectively the highly abstract ideas contained in numbers
into more concrete and easily comprehensible form. Diagrams may be less accurate but are much
more effective than tables in presenting the data. Its advantage is to represent huge volumes of data
in a simplified manner. While the disadvantage it requires additional written or verbal explanation;
can be easily manipulated to give false impressions.

6. What are the major functional parts of statistical table? What are their functions?
 Table number- each table have a number, preferably in Arabic, for reference purposes.
 Title- The title is the main heading written in capitals shown at the top of the table. It must
explain the contents of the table and throw light on the table, as whole different parts of the
heading can be separated by commas
 Headnote or Prefatory Note- it explains some things in the table that are not clear.
 Stub- It contains the stub head and the row labels, the stub head tells what the sub contains,
the row label describes the data contained in a row.
 Box head- contains the master captions, the column captions, and the column sub caption.
 Main body, field, or text- contains all the quantitative and proportional information
presented in the tables in rows and columns,
 Footnote- appears immediately below the bottom line of the table, explains qualifies, or
clarifies, some items in the table which are not readily understandable or are missing.
 Source Note- it is generally written below the footnote indicates the origin or the source of
the data presented in the table.
7. Explain the meaning of finding, implication, inference, and interpretation.
 Findings involve the main observations made based on empirical facts/data as
emanating from the responses to the research questions or the hypotheses of the study.
They represent the situation as found on the ground.
 Implication in a research paper is a conclusion that can be inferred from the study
findings. Implications may be theoretical or practical. Theoretical implications
constitute new additions to existing theories or form the basis for new theories.
 Inference is the process of drawing a conclusion from supporting evidence. It’s when
you go beyond the evidence and reach some further conclusion.
 Interpretation refers to the task of drawing inferences from the collected facts after
an analytical and/or experimental study. In fact, it is a search for broader meaning of
research findings.

8. Enumerate the different types of graphs and their uses.

1. Bar Graph- A bar chart is a graph represented by spaced rectangular bars that describe the
data points in a set of data. It is usually used to plot discrete and categorical data.
2. Linear Graph- Line graphs are represented by a group of data points joined together by a
straight line. Each of these data points describes the relationship between the horizontal and
the vertical axis on the graph.
3. Hundred per cent graph or chart- A chart or graph can help you compare different values,
understand how different parts impact the whole, or analyze trends.
4. Pictogram- A pictogram graph uses pictures or icons to visualize a small dataset of discrete
data. In a pictogram, the icon represents a predefined unit and describes the frequency of the
variables in the dataset.
5. Statistical maps- Statistical maps are used to show the difference in values (frequency of an
event, probability of an event etc.) between different geographical regions in geo-spatial analysis.
6. Ratio chart- Ratio Charts are a visually powerful way to see relationships and trends between
two different sets of time series data.