I ii:

ii

I power level of 300 wqtts per cubic foot of soludqr ls ¡ecom-

qbove, odd new pockingcnd sotr¡rote with o suitoble lub¡i'
nended. cont.
c.
After uluqsonic t¡eotment in the presenceof the b. Boll ond rollcr bocrlngr ' remove Eeose either
cleoning formulotion, process the equiprpnt in ol ultrasanic by disossembly ond cleoring or by forcing new -g¡eose
throuqh beorings until oll old greose hos been disploced'

I
boü in onother tonk using fresh woter to re[Dve the excess
cleoningformulotion, If onother tcnk equipped with cn
ult¡osonic gerrer.qtor is not ovqilqble, flush the equipment
thorou$rly urih fresh woter.
c. Conloct brr¡¡br¡ reploe qll elecüicol contoct
'
brushes ond cqrbon contocts.
d. Contoel polrt. in twltch.s ond rcloyr ' feÍPve
rust inhibitor filn left ftom the wote displocinq fluid or¡

I
6.
Blow os mucü wqter os possible from the equipment
with cleon cgrnpressed oi¡ not to exceed 50 pounds per contoct points, with lintless cloth smked in nophtho
squore inch pressure. solvent or ethyl olcohol.
7.
Sproy oll ports of üe equipment with üe woter-
displocing formulotion, qtticle 9190,224. I qbove. This sEciloN xl. cATlloDlc PRoTEcTlol{

I fluid must penetrote to oll ports of the eqr.ripment thot

hove been wet with woter. After sproying, qllow 20 rninutes
fc the wqterdisplocing formulotion to peiehote ond disploce
9190.23I GENERAL
l. Although cootings ore used os the priraipol potec-
tive meqsur€ on ships' hulls, o supplementol method of

I
the woter remoining in the equipnent.
8, The residuol mixh¡re of woter ond wqterdiglocing
fluid should now be evoporoted tcrn the equipnrent by
blowing with cleon, heoted compressed oir, or heoted oir
from qn elecEic blower, or by plocing of the equipment in
Frotectior¡ is needed to sofeguord ogoinst
point foilures suctr
os porciües, crocking, poor odhesion, obnosiot, ond
e¡cion. Cqüodic protection csn ond l¡qs been used
successfully to onest the conoslon of metuls.

I on electric oven (1600 F. ) with good oir exchonge, o by

sinply ollowing sufficiant time for üre equipment to oir dry.
(No furüer conosion will toke ploce on üe equipment ofter
it hos been sproyed with the woter displqcinq fluid.)
2. The iypes ol cuthodic protecüori used fo the NoW
ore os follons:
o. Socrificiol Anode SYstems
b. Impressed Cu¡rent SYstems

t 9. is reody for operotiot ofter

Mechonicql equiprnent
drying ord o üorough lubricotion. On smoll electric motüs,
qrd other elecfiicol equipment, operoüon sho.rld not be
ottempted until üe circuit to Eound resistorre e:ceeds
3. Socrificiol Anodc¡. A system bosed upon the theory
üot q less noble metql when connected to o ¡nore noble
metol in q corogive environ¡nent will generote o curent of
suflicient mognitude to frotect the more noble rntol. I¡r

I 8000 ohms. This resistonce shqll be detennined by null

bqlcnce methods. High potentiol insulotion resistonce
meosurements should n¡vor be mqde wtrile insulqting systems
ore wet or domp. After storting ony equipm€nt ot reduced
so doing, it in turn is socrificed. Such is the ccse when
ongnesiuto, oluminuln, o zinc onodes ottqched to o shipfs
huli slo¡ly dissolve, generqting o cu¡tent, to protect the
hull ond itsoppendoges by neuuolizing üe flor of cr¡¡rent

I voltoge, it should be operoted for sevetol hours under no

lod or very liqht lod to secu¡e gentle internol teoting to
complete üe drying. This treotm€nt should retum the equlp'
rent to its originol electricol choracteristics. Operotion qt
üe hull would normolly exhibit when conoding. The dis-
odvontogewith this type ol protective systemis üe periodic
replqcement of qnodes required. Also, in sone instollqtions
the odditionol weight ond laotiq¡ of qnodes conr¡ot be

I lw voltoge should be cmtinued unül the resistonce betweer¡ tolemted.

the circuit cnd Eound o<ceeds üe following: 4. lmpresscd Currcnl. In lieu of sqcrificiol onodes cr¡
I megohrn for equipment rqted 450 volts ond less. Ínpressed current systemcqn be used. Th¡s system utilizes
A r¡qlue of megohns equol to roted voltoge divided on externql source oI elect¡icol power such os üot supplied

I by 500 for equlpnent toted morc thqn 450 volts. by generotors or rectiliers. The protective curent is dis-'
Wher the proper resistonce between the cfrcuit ond Eo.rnd ributed by speciolly,desigrcd onodes (plqtinul, leod-
is ochieved, the equipment moy be operuted ot its rotd plotinum, leod-silver, silicon-iron, Sqphite, etc.) to
copocity. Electronic equipments, becquse of their voricus the conoding source.

I individuql biosing resistorces, do not hove o fixed clrcuit
to Eornd tesistonce vqlue. Tbsefore, electronic equipment
my be energized ot low voltoges fo gantle intemol heoting
os soon os the drying process hos progressed
Corrosion which exists due to q llo¡r of cu¡rent coused
by polentiol differences between loctl onodes crrd coüodes
con be orrested by impressing o curent oI sufficient
mognitude on the cothodes so thqt the potantiol is essen-
tiqily equivolent to thot on üe qnodes. If this equilibrium

I to where oll components ore operoble. '[he voltoge shorld

be increosed Eodr,rolly over on extended period of üme until
normol operotingpowet levels qre qchieved. If in on unusual
c{rse, qny equipment connot b retumed to operotionol
cq¡dition is estqblished no cr¡rrent will flor between laql
onodes ondcqthodes, henca no cc¡oeidt occrrs. thls
phenomenon is knor¡n os polorizing üe cqthodes or sinply

t
condition b thisprocedure, it should be sproyed ogin os polorizotion.
with the woterdisplocinq fluid ond üe drying process
repeotd os before. 9190.232 SYSTEI DE5IGN
I0. The following precoutions shorld qlso be observed I.
A complete zinc, mognesium, or impressed current
cothodic protection system sholl be instolled on the under-

I
in oll recondiüoninq oPeroüors:
o.. Journcl b.oting..'remove woste pocking in woter body of desüoyers, destroyer escorts, tonk londing
beoring chombers, clecn os di¡ected for other equipmerit

I Chopter 9190
57
I
ORIGINAL
April l9ó7

I
 (LST) type ships ond on other ships which
t
I
hove been pre_ TABLE A}-ZINC HULL ANODES
viously equlpped with o complete socrificiol onode system.
2-._ Stern zincs or mognesium onodes sholl
be instolled Tvpe Size Weight
on oll othe¡ type ships. Cu¡rent Stock
(¡n.) (pounds) output númber
3. liifognesium ond zinc ore üe most widely used

I
(orir ps. )
sqcriliciql onode mqterio ls f or coüod ic_proteciion opplico_
tions, ond bosic differences between the two moteriáIi qre
brief ly discussed below.
ZHC 6zt2zltl 23.s 0.4 KZ 534G8t$
o. Mognesium Anodes. Mognesiumonodes shqll n$
6058

I
comply wiüMil. Spec. MIL-A-21412. The specificotion
6xt2xIZ Z3.s 0.{ KZ 534U277-
oJso gives info¡mqtion on the physicol prop"rtius oi- 7559
moEresium qs o golvonic qnode Ior cothodic pnotection.
ZHB' 6x12xlYq 23.5 o.4 KZ 534G662"
The chrqcteristics of mognesium qre such tüt q dielectric 9827
zss 3x12x1% ll.8

I
shield is required in the vicinity of onodes or o 0.2 KZ 534o.291U--
Eoup of 8243
onodes to prevent point donnge. The hiqh drivinq potentiol
of mognesium enqbies it to fu¡nish contiñued higÉ;nrent
ZTS 3xgxl-3/B 5.0 0. I KZ 5340-8lt-
output in brockish woter. 0639
rFor wood boots (bronze fittinqs)

t
b. Ztnc Anodc¡. Zinc qnodes shqll comply wtth
Mil. Spec. MIL-A-18001. Zinc onodes hqve been *u¿ to,
stern protection of ships for mony yeors. The low driving
potentiol qnd curent self+eguloting chorqcteristics, Kcy to Symbols
when

I
providing protection to o steel su¡fáce, o¡e desirqblá
properties of zinc. Militory specificotion requirements,
Flr¡t Lcttcr 5ocond Lcttór Third Lcrcr
includinggeometry of üe most cornrnon type of onodes, ore
given in Mil. Spec. MIL-A-IB00I. The ZHS type onode
Z-Zrnc H-Hull oode B-Blqss st¡(ps
S.Submclne crode

I
of this specificotion is most frequently u"ed ii su¡fqce- G.C-ore strqe
ship cothodic protection systenx,. T-Tecdrop shc4re P-Pipe core
4. Generql informotion on rngnesium ond zinc onodes Ssteel stre
fo^r shipboord cqthodic protection systems is given
in tqbles
20 and 2I. The opproximote current output for eoch
qnode is requüed to orrive ot the quontity
fo protection in o porticulor opplicotion.
of qnodes needed

I
t
TAELE 2¡. MAGNESIUM HULL ANODES

Curran t
Specific End ze
Typt
Si tcighr oulput Srock

I
rype oto
d (¡n. ) (pounds) (ornps.) No.
MHP-I35 Rectongle S6xl0YttOYz 135 3.0 K25340-680-405
MHP.I35 B Stngle t
36x lOYz-6% r35 3.0 K2534G680-4052

t
Bevel
MHP-I35 Double 36xL[tAz6tA t35 3.0 K25340-68S4053
Bevel
MHB-I35 Rectcngle 36tLO|lt6rA 135 3.0 K25340-68G4054
MHB-I35 B 362llYzx6ll

I
Singl.e ¡3s 2^
KZs340-680+105S
Bevel
MHB-I35 Double 36tl0Yzt6tA I35 3.0 KZs340'680-4056
Beve]

Fir¡t L.ttcr
Kcy ro Symbols

Sccood lcñcr Thlrd lcfic¡ I

M - Mognesiu H - HuIl c¡ode B - Bolt co¡e
P - Pipe cor€
I
I
Chopter 9190
58
ORIGINAL
I April l9ó7 I
I
I
I
5. Aluminum qnodes ore still considered to be in the
experimentol cotegory qnd therefore unocceptoble for Fleet
6, lmpressed Current' Automotic impressed current
(opproxfinotely 20percent of Ú¡e hull) o¡d 2 mtlltonpe¡ee/
sqrnre {oot to the remqinder of üe hull (80 percent d the
hull). This overqqes out to be 2.6 nllltonpetes/sqrore foot
for t¡eentt¡e wes,ed sr¡rfoce. Hgrce, üe gorrol fornulo
used to determine üe nunberof onodes required fo

I
systems ore required to be opproved by NAVSEC. They
ore designed for long I ife (opproximotely 20 yeors) c¡rd ore conplete protection is:
2.6 W
copoble of supplying o minimum cunent density of 8-10
milliompeles per squore foot to the underwoter surfoce N=-

I
(under full lood). AIso, the system is copoble of moin- 1000 ü)
toining o uniform hull potentiol of 0. 85 t 0.04 volts when W: Wetted surfoce in squore feet
meosured qgoinst o silver-silver chloride reference cell. I = Cwent output of onode type (See tqble 20 q 2I)
Internol electricol equipment is "splosh-prooI" qnd is not N = Nurnber of qnodes required

t
susceptible to heot ond vibrqtion. Shoft Eounding rigs o. Zinc SYstcm.
will be instqlled in conjuncüon with ships utilizing irnpressed (l) Complcre Hull Pmtection. -
current systems. Specific operoting ond inspecticn pro' For the number of zinc cnodes ($r' x 12" xlZitt s'rze\ te
cedures ore set forth on eqch ship so equipped' quired for 2 yeor hull protection, the generol formulq reduces
i^.
Ships utilizing impressed current require o vinyl point

I system or NAVSEC-opproved equivolent on the exterior hull.

Cold plostic point systems ore incompotible wiü impressed
current systems ond sholl not be used.
N=-
6'5

1000
W

Hence, forexomple on the LST-ll7l, the underwoter

I 9190.233 WETTEDAREA OF SURFACE SHIPS

l. The quontity ol onodes required for cornplete under-
body protecüon is bosed a¡ üe totol wetted surfqc€ oreo
qnd q¡rrent density required fo potecticr. Appo<inote
qreo, W, wos colculoted os 29, 158 sq. ft.

N=
6.5 x 29,

I000
158
189.5

I wetted sr¡rfoce oreo (including oppendcges) llny be cclcu-

loted by the following simplified formulo:
V
it= l.7l¡l +
N = 189.5or I90 zrnc onodes ore necesscrty to provide
complete cothodic protection for otwo yeor period.
(2) Sr.- Ptotccf¡on OnlY. -
-=
The number of zinc onodes required for q stem protection

I
-,
o system olone is colculoted from the formulo:
W= Wetted surfoce of the hull, oppendoges in sq. tt. 2.2W
[- f.¡ngth between perpendiculors, ft. N=-
d= Molded meon drolt ot full displocement in ft. 1000

I V= Molded volune of displocerent, cu. ft.

(Appoxirmtely 35 cu. ft. per lorg ton fcr sea
woter).
NOTE: All volrrs used qre determined ot Iull lod dis-
b.
Mogncsium SYstcm.
(l) Complclc Hull P¡otsction.
For the nunber ol mognesium onodes (36" xLlYztt x
-
6%") required to provide complete protection' the qenerol

I plocerent.
2. B<omple:
IJT - u7l.
Oolculouon of üe wetted su¡lqce of the

Displocernent = 7084 tons

formulo reduces to:
0.87 l/
*=t*

t L=426[t. (2) St.- Plof action OnlY. -

d= 12.2 fr, The number of mognesium onodes required for stem pre
V = 7m4 x 35 = 247,940 cu. ft. tection qlone is colculoted bqsed on the formulo:
Fonulo for wetted sufoce: 0.29W

t
NI-
V
W=i.7ld+- I000
d
247,94:0 NOTE: Round off cqlculotions to the r¡eorest whole

I =lJ x426x12.2+ number of onodes. Use the next lorger whole number when
12.2 fructidr is 0.5 or greoter.
= 29,158 sq. ft. ol wetted sr¡fqce 3. Three yeor dry docking cYcle.
(o) Zinc System.

t 9190.23¿l QUANTITY OF GALVANIC ANODES RE' (l)

Complcrs Hull Protcclion. -
For the number of zinc cnodes 16tt x l2tt x I%" síze) te'
QUIRED FOR UNDERBODY PROTECTION
l. Unless otherwise specified, qs for submorines, üe quired {or 3 yeor hull protection, the formulo becomes:
quontity of cnodes instolled sholl be bosed on o üree yeor 9.8 W
NI-

I
dry docking cycle (see orticle 9190.234.3).
2. Two yeor dry docking cYcle. 1000
Complete underbody protection isbosed on providing
5 millionperes./sqrnre foot of cr¡rrent for the stem oreo

t Chopter 9190 59
ORIGINAL
I Apdl l9ó7
 (?
F
I
Srem Pforccrion Only. - of eqch bilqe keel butted end to end. The fowqrd
The number of zinc onodes required for stem protection qnd oft onode of eoch group should be the singie
olone is colculoted from the fo¡mulo:
bevel type. The dielect¡ic shield should be opplied
3.3 W unler eoch onode grorp ond extended tvro feet up üe
NI-

I
side of the hull fron the bilge keel-hull junctior. It
I000 olso should extend fron üe onodes to the underside
of üe bilge keel to üe junction of the bilqe keel
(b) Mognesium Systm. ond the hull. The shield should extend qileost ü,vo
(l) Complerc Hull Prcrccrion. - feet beyord the foe ond qft end of üe onode Eoup6.
For the number of mognesium onodes (36,, x!0%t, x
6%") required for 3 yeor hull protection, the formulo be-
cpmes:
1.3
C. Cru¡dc plat¡ fo¡ lAogoerlum Inrtollotlonr.
NAVSHIPS hull type plon No. 801160240 qnd
NAVSHIPS Hull type plon No. 80t158669?. lt
t
W
Nl-
TABLE 22. LOCATION OF IIAGNESIUil ANODES
1000
(2) Stem Protection Only. - lf torol quontiry Instoll lnsroll
The nurnber of mognesium onodes required for stem onodes port on storboord

I
of lnstcll in on
protection olone is colculoted from the formulo:
rcquircd is slern oreq bilge kcel bilgc kccl
0.43 W
NT-
l0 4 J 3
1000 tl

I
5 ? J
t2 4 4 4
9I90.235 INSTALLAT¡ON l3 4 4
t4 6 4 4
l.Complete Mognesium System: l5

I
5
o.
The quontity of qnodes os deternined in the t6 6 R
previous section should be instolled in occo¡donce wiü
l7 7 q
5
detqils of NAVSHIPS plon No. 805-1749052 ond 805_ l8 6 6 6
1749053. A cool-tor epcucy dielectric shield (pittsburq I9

t
o
Chemicol Co., "Torset/, or NAVSEC opproved equivo- 20 d 6 b
lent) shoil be opplied to o sondblosted surfoce beneqth 2l 7 7
ond obout eoch group of onodes (extending for ot leost 22 d 7
two feet o¡ound the periphery of eoch group) in lieu of 23 a

I
7 7
neoprene indicoted on üe obove plons. The dielectnc
shield sholl be opplied to q minimum dryJilm thickness
24 8 a I
25 I I 8
of ot leost 22 mils in occqdonce wlth monufocturer,s in- 26 l0 I 8
structions. Before opplicotion of qntifouling point, the

surfoce of the cooltor epoxy shield sholl be roughened to
remwe gloss by liqht obrqsive blosting or other suitqble
meons ond two coots of Formulo No. 119 opolied os o
tie coot. Preferobly, opply Formulo No. ll9 within 72
I
lrrhgnesium onodes sholl not be instqlled on olumlnum
su¡foces or insidetonks. All Novy ship bottons ond tqnk
coqüngs ore consldered compotible withztnc or olumlnum
onodes ond no speciol precqutions ore requlred.

hcu¡s ofter opplicotion of finol cmt of cml-tqr epo(y.
b. Anodes should be instolled in üe sternqreo qnd
on üe port ond stqrbord bilge keel in occadonce wiü
t.able 22 ond os descrlbed below. Stern onodes sholl
I
2. Conplcro Zlnc Syrtrm
The quontity of onodes determined in the previous
section sholl be instolled rn occordonce with NAVSHIPS
plon No. 805-921865. Zinc onodes should be embedded

be locoted so os to cleor docking blak locotiqrs.
(I) Src- Arcos. The hull type MHP onodes sholl
be instqlled in the stemoreo. Anodes should pref.
erobiy be locoted on üe stern boseline keel olote
I
in zinc oxide poste unless üe surfoce beneoth the zinc
is prope¡ly cooted with o complete onti@rrosive system os
specified for the hull.
Attochment strops ond pointed oreos blistered from

beginning qt leost five leet forwqrd ol üe própeiler
plone. However, if this locoüq¡lnterferes wiü dock-
inq block positions, onodes nxy be equolly divided
between üe port qnd storb@rd sides ol üe hull qs
t
welding sholl be corefully pointed the some os the hull,
but nor the zinc su¡foce.
Studs, welded to the huil or bilge keels for qttqching
bolted zincs, sholl be fobricoted from mild or medium

indicoted on NAVSHIPS plon No. 805-i512557. The
lecding ond toiling onodes of c¡ lFoup should be
beveied for streornlining purposes (type MHp single
bevel). Anodes should be butted end to erd.
(2) gllgr Kcd. Anodes requtred for Hlqe keel
t
steel, not monel. Studs should be cut flush wiü the
top of üe nut to reduce tu¡bulence.
o. Siern Areo. The quontity of zinc onodes calcu-
lqted for the stern oreo olone, or l,/3 üe colculoted

I
zinc snodes necessory to protect the complete hull,
t¡rstollotim sholl be ln occordonce wlth MHB t1pe. shoilbe butted end-to-end wiü the long oxis fore qnd
Anodes should be pcitioned on the top center portior oft. They sholl be iocoted olong the centerline keel, or

Chopter 9190 60
ORIGINAL
I April 1967
I
)
I fteqrnntly Ílooded with seq woter greoter thon 50 percent
l
just beneoth the turn of üe biige divided equolly between
üeport cmd stqrboord sides of the hull. If o Iorge nun-
ber of zincs ore required for stem protection, it moy be
procticol to increose the number of rows. In no cose,
however, should the spocing between rows be less üc¡r
I four feet. Begin oll lows ot leost five feetforword of
the propeller plone ond extend forword. Zinc locotions
shoúbe such thot the qnodes ore olwoys totolly imrnersed
under light lood qnd do not interfere wiü dockÍng block
I positions. In oddition, ot leost 25 percent ofthe stern
qnodes instolled shollbebolted. ZH$type cmodes moy
be modified by drillinq holes through the strqps to oc-
commodote studs welded to the hull orthe ZHCtype
I zinc (bolt-on type) conbe used. If ZHC qnodes ore used,
the countersunk holes shqll be filled in with on opproved
hull srnoothing compound (see orticle 9190.171) ofter
the cnodes hove been instolled. Zincs sholl not be
I ottoched to propellers, propeller shofts, rudders, diüng
plones, rudder skegs, strut orms, strut borrels, or on
the exterior of the stern or strut tube foirwqters.
b. Midship A¡eo. Two thirds the colculqted
I qusntity of zinc qnodes necessc¡¡y to give complete
trotectionsholl be eqrnlly divided into 2 rcnq -ct
toth port ond storboord sides of the hull. Holf the
onodes for eoch side sholl be instolied butted end to
t end, long oxts fore ond oft on the Iorwqrd end of eoch
bilge keel ond holf on the oft end of eqch bilge keel'
As qn olternote rnethod, the qnodes moy be instolled,
port qnd storboord, just beneoth the tum of the bilge,
t butted end to end, Iong oxis fore ond oft beginning
just forword ol midships ond extending oft. Where
procticol the rows sholl be positionedtoqvoid possing
over fuei tc¡nks even thoughthe rows become discon-
t tinuous. This precoution is token to ovoid "gos-
freeing" the fuel tqnks in cose welding is necessory
to ottoch studs or strops for mounting the qnodes'
3. Sre.n Zinc Systcm Only. Seeorticles
I
9190. 235. 2. o ond 9190- 235. 2. o(l).
4. Srern Mognesium Syslem Only. See orticles
9190. 235. I.o ond 9190. 235. l.b(i).
5. lmpressed Currenl Syslems. Impressed current
t
equÍpment ond working plons mustbe Bureou op-
proved prÍor to instollotion.
9190.T'6 PROTECTION OF STERN TUEES AND STNUT
I
BEARINGS
Zinc onodes, type ZEP, for the protection of stem
tubes ond strut beorings should be instqlled within the
foirings in the moximum qucntity qnd size permitted by the
I
spoce ovoiloble.
91gO.B7 ZINC ANODES ¡N HEAT EXCHANGES AilD
CONDENSERS
I
Zinc qnodes oI oppopriote style or type should be
instotled qccording to Mil. Spec. MIL-A-19521.
9I'0.238 CONCENTRATIONS OF DISsIMILAR METALS
l. Zírtc onodes of qppropriqte style a type should be
I instqlled qt concentrotions ofdissi¡nilqr rnetols (e.g., bilge
pump sboinets, rnlves ond pipinq) whichore immersed in cr
I Chopter 9190
I
d the tirne.
2.Zincs should be bolted on to focilitote replocement ord
shouldbe locoted neor ond ot opproximotely the some level
os the dissimilor metol juncüon.
3. In stognont oteos or oreos subject to low velocity
conditions (under 5 knots), use one squorefoot of zinc
surfqce for eoch 100 squore feet of monel, stoinless steel
(CRES), bronze, or other copper-bose olloys. Use one
squore foot of zinc for opproximotely 250 squore feet of
bore steel, oluminum, or oluminum olloy.
4. Undervelocity conditions (obove 5knots), use one
squore foot of zinc surfqce for eoch 25 squore feet of
monel, stoinless steel (CRES), bronze, or other copper-
bose olloys. Use one squore foot of zinc for eqch 100
squore feet ofbore steel, oluminum, or oluminum olloys'
9190.239 lOXrnOOnes
l. üre sqrnre lot of expced zi¡a should be instqlled
in üe sonc ctvity to protect eqch 25() squore feet of steel
q 50 sqr¡ore feet of stqinlesssteel regordless oI sny point-
ing wiüin üe dome.
2. T\e zinc onodes should be mounted on welded stud
ottqchnents ond should be os evenly distributedos
Focticol on or thoughout the sr¡rfqce being potected' If
possible, üey should be centered in void spoces in ccr
ventent locoticrs within üe covity so qs not to tnterlere
withsornr oPerotions.
3. If it becornesnecessory to grotlp üe onodes less
thn two feet oport, onother onode type should be selected'
porüculorly one withq Iorger surfoce oreo.
4. In ti,u .ot" of AN/SQS-26 ond other similor domes,
12 qdditiool hull zincs shql be instqlled on the underwoter
hull in 2 ro,vs, port cnd stcnbmrd, oppodmotely 30 feet
forwüd of üe Éoding end of the bilqe keel ond just obove
the keel line if it were extended.
9190.2,{0. ¡NTERNAL BILGE AREAS
Zinc onodes should be instolled in oll bilge spcces
which qre subjected to wotel mole thon 50 percent of the
time ond in thcse qreos which ore susceptible to excessive
corrosion. One zinc qnode (ZHC or ZHS type) should be
instolled for every 250 squore feet of steel surfoce in oc-
cordqnce with NAVSHIPS drowing 805-92i865. Bolt-on
onodes ore recommended for this instollotion so thot de-
pleted onodes con reodily be reploced by crew members'
iloles should be d¡illed in the strops of the ZHS type onode
to qccommodote bolting. Anodes should normollybe locoted
on the qorboord strqke close to the centerline keel' Proper
functioning of the onode depends upon complete immersion
in woter. Exception to this locotion is noted principolly
in oreos of dissimilor metols (nonferrous metols) or where
solt woter pumps ore operoted. In the cose of solt wqter
pumps, the zinc onodes should be locoted qs close to the
bose ol the pump os possible to protect ogoinst excesslve
mrrosion due to solt woter leokoge.
In the cose of dissimilor metols, the zincs should be
locoted close tothe junction of these metols'
Core should be tqkento mqsk qnodes when pointing bilge
spoces so qs not to coot zincs. Optimum functioning of the
61
I
ORIGINAL
Apdl 1967
 orodes depends upon the zinc being completely immersed
t
I
woter c¡:d the surfoce being free of point ond
in 4. Fq boü steel ond wood hull bots the ZHS ond
ZHB
e"ce"sive zincs shqll be cut in holf to form q 6r, x 6r,
greose ond oil,
onode prior to instollqtion.
* l-lr¿r,
9190.21r wooD HULL SHTPS 5. Other sections in this chopter co¡er instollqtion

I
l. 0n wood hull ships, one 6,, x l2tt x \yt,t zimc detoils of zincs for ship. For quontiti"" ,üuirá,
,efe,
should be instolled fq eoch 25 squore feei to orticle 9190.234.
of'Lj"oo,, 6. No less thqn two zirrc onodes sholl be instolled on
metal qreq. However, o ninlnumtf or¡e zinc
*iiuA¿", qny steel hull boot. Use
ZHS type onodes q zincs wiü
foce, strut foce, ond seq chest sho¡ld be fittJ

I
steei strops.
2. Skegs, where fitted cr¡d in retollic cq¡toct with q
tr"t5tld fitting, shorld be-cq¡sidered po¡t of the tittinq. 7. hr odditior¡ to the zirrc instolled in the stem oreo,
3. Fq qreostoo snoü for o 6 by l2_inctrr¡n"-, tt¡" ri"" orc j".x x I2t,, c 61, ¡ grr zinc
-!",-3t' sholl be-iltdbd
noy be cut in hqlf to forn 6 by 6_inchzi¡rcs. üe hull odjocent to (not over 6 inches norl
or¡
L""f
cooler. Instollctiqr should not be rmde or¡ ,tU"¡
"""¡

I
a. Zings moy be instolled by welding or brozing to the
protected fittinq. coler itseü.
. 5. O¡ ¡udders, the zincs should be lmted outside of , 8. Where seo chests or other oppendoges ore
fqbricoted from q netol dissimilor üt¡ot
tbe propeller flon' insofor os procticol. iiGiuU, *"
3" x 9", 3t, x I2tt, or 6r, x O, prot""to, ior'L"-¡ .u"fl
. 6. Zncs used to protect struts should not be ottoctred
to the strut qrm. Metqllic contoct moy be
modeoLthe
strut orm by o bross or bronze strop brozed from
to the metol to be protected. NAVSHIPS aro*Inq
the zinc
áOS_gZtAgS
oppendoge sholl be instolled.
,nu¡l,,9.nor on plosüczinc protectors ore not required qr wood
Normo-lly,
boqts. However, there hove been in-
stqnces of excessive conosior¡ under certqin
I
I
moy be consulted for instollotion detoils. to
7. The ottochment strops protuding from the zinc bur popellers, struts, c hull fosteners f tf,.y*""ondii¡o
fenous metol, or
n"ri *
nor r{re zinc merol shouid be pointed the some os if üere oe lorge o.o*s oi"b;rri"
the hull. geor instolled.
10. Gnerolly, oll fittings ond fosteners used on

I
9190. 212 STEEL PROTECTORS bots
The pesent proctice of fitting medium or flonge ore fohicoted of conosion resistont mqteriols
steel o¡d üe
instollotion of zinc potecrors beyond thqt detoiied
Fotectcs to prevent detericoüq¡ of the hull dr¡ato
golvonic octjon ond/or erosion is ss follows: or ü9 opplicuble plons is not requüed. If evidence
of ex-
I. Where nonfenous seo wlves orefitted in conjunc_ cessive corrcion becomes c¡pporent to hull fittinqs q
tion with steel seo chesrs, o medium steel protection
sleeve, to serve os c woster piece, is fitted inside
1eo
cfest ot üe junction ol üe seo chest qrd the wlve.
lhe sleeve projects well doivn intoü¡e,*-"f*Jt orU i"
the
fosteners on wood hull or plostic
NAVSEC should be notified.
ll.
¡*t"
*,t¡ouiri"",
All zincs instolled on wood or plostic boots sholl
be ottoched to the underwoter hull ond not
to t¡e netoltic
I
oj sucf o length thqt it con be remo¡ed to,,"pto""n"nt
throughthe-opening resulting from the ,"ro*fái
volve, or olternotely mybe fitted in sections
moy be removed from üe exteric of the
t¡"
whicl¡
oppendoge(s) other thqn the rudder(s).
12.
.lf zrncs ore specified in the opplicobie plons or
needed becouse exessive conosion is evident.

flI1"::F,t
retqllic
be mode. by hozins o copper oo U'*rre'"uop
I
I
ship throuqh
the seo chest qs i¡diooted dl Burequ of Sf,ip to be protected ond to üe suop
stordcd plcn No. 8051749(26.
¡uff or T:
l? Tj"rji".ople.ndoo9
rrE zinc instqlled on the hull. The stmp, b¡¡t not the
zinc, should be pointed the sqme os the huji.
. 2. Medium steel potector rings ore fitted on the 13. The merhod of instollotion on o *oáá hril
shell plotjng oround openings fq nonferrous seo i.

I
chests. illustroted tn plcm No. g0592lg65. Zfn",
-3. Mediun steel protectórs, l0 inches in diometer Jn ¡ro*
strops should be b¡ozed to rudders, it,.qui¡J.
ond of i$pound plote, ore fitted in submrir¡egr¡nde¡ Ziro"
instolled on rudders sholl be locqted ouÉide
{e e¡ds of fuel compensoting piping in qll tanks to tf," p."p"fU
which conpensoting lirres connec. floiv insofor os prqcticql.

-4. Steel protectors sholl not be pointed on thelr out_

side surfqces.

9190.213 PREVENTION OF ELECTROLYTIC

. 14. Durlng construction, the use of dissimilqr metols
sholl be ovoided whenever possible. Wf,"r" noi p*"i¡1",
cqre should be token to insulote the

T:!_:.*: wiü soslets, wgsher.g,

dissinilouirtol, t *
rl""*ion¿'¡*f,]ns"
I
t
@RROSION ol rAlumh;tic
TO BOATS ¡nsukt ting rn teriols such-gs r rNeoprene r rr r rr,
"Micorto,r, etc. Foying su¡fqces ¡uü"*,
. 1.. Grn¡rot. Znc protectors nust be Instolled on oll
sreer bdtts qnd sore nonshipbone types of wood me¡ols such os oluminum stnll be protected"oo¿'o-nñ"u*
bme by rxÍr¡o q
hoving lorge omounrs d elecuonic H9bg conpound plus o cot of rin" pniñ,
, 1Ai"¿

I
"qi¡p"t
srrh qs topedo reúievers, qb rescué ¡Lt", *¿ ¡¡ino
opplied to üe netol surfoce. "tro*á
sweepe¡s.
2...NAVSHIPS drowing 905-92lg65 sholl be 9190-211 SUBMARTNES
. consulted for
.instollqtion detoils. , I.. Ifc complete golvonic protection system is ern_

I
proyed, the number of qnodes instolled
fr" ZFnyp" zinc onode is desiEred for smoll steel
, ,.3:boot is bosed on the
nul wetted surfoce oreo. (submerged) ond is
opplicotions whe¡e sbeonlining ond ltqht weiqht o.-
ore required. for su¡foce ships (see orticle 9190.233)."ol"ulot"J

Chopter 9190
62
ORIGINAL
I Apdl t9ó7
I
I
t beoching operotions. In oddition, cnodes
qt-the.end o{ o

I
: 2. Ztics shqll be instolled in free flooded oreos' undel ropidly thon those in
in woy
ihe supersrructule, in the ioirwoter, in boliost tonks
r* oioíoá"" usuolly deteriorote more

oi-f".¿ ¡.lfo"r, in torpedo ejection tubes, seo chests, ond

it"""na.t of the row. Thetefoe, spot ¡eplocement.of certoln
*"a"t t"V be required fion time to tlme wfthout the ex-
in oreqs where dissimilor retols cne concentrotecl' r"plo""*"nt of the svstem' As o senerol
;;;;ilplái"-

t ,3. Clqss pions sholl be used os o guide for quontity'

locction, ond type of onodes required'
--
li. ú""snodes shqll be instolled on AN,/BPQ-I ond
AN/BPQ-2 rodqr ontennos. Recommended onode types'
criterio, onoáes should oiwoys be reploced during on in-
terim diy docking when they ore opproximotely 70
deterioroted.
---a. -O".otionolly
percent

o zinc onode ryroY. develop on oxide lilm

t ouqntitv for eoch qntenno, qnd stock numbers ore listed in

ioble 2á. The zincs shouid be locqted in üe feedhon
ossembly in such s mcrnner so os not to interfere wiü
operqtion o{ the reflector ond ossaioted equipment'
the'
which renders it ir¡octive. Alüouqh üis is the exception
;;ti;;; ü"" the rule, this possivoted stote cun reodily be
á"ü"t"4 by conporing the qnode with others in üe system'
The imctive onode usuolly will hqve o hord tenocious'

I
5. Locotions, quontity' size, ond type of zincs in-
stolled, including zinc onodes required toprotect mchin-
ery, should be tqbulqted for inclusion in ship's recods'
Réference shqll be rnde to opplicoble plors'
6. Generql instructions Ior üe nni¡tenqnce ond reploce-
qnooe
dcrk gey or block film on the surfoce ond the
identificotion will still be prominent on the
*outo"i*"r'.
surfoce. Such onodes should be reploced' Mognesiun
onJ"" touu not been known to form such possivoting fikns'

I ment of oll protectors shqll be specified'

7. Wheré mointenonce by the Fleet isrequired' bolted
zincs sholl be used.
üeir locotion shsll
A lioht colored soft deposit on the surfoce, even though
q"i i-,frl.f., is nqmol ánd moy be pevolent under conditions
of low velocitY.
5. Semi-onnuol inspection of the underwqter stem
oreo

t
8. The totql number of zincs ond extent of onode
Uy d1u"tt is recommenáed to determine the
not be oltered wiüout the Froper weight conper¡sotion' of
det:riorotion ln this oreo' Replocement the bolt-on.
onodes should be ¡node by the divers if they ore.more.
thon
TABLE 23. AIODES FOR RADARSUPPORTS drydocking is not scheduled
90 percent dete¡io¡oted ord

t ¡dnodc
typc
Size Weight Quon. Stock
(pounds) rity
tc-
numbor

qui rcd
within o six month Period'
6. Periodic semi-onnuql inspection of bilge onodes
shouldbe conducted ond replocement of depleted zincs
complished ot this time.
oc-

I 5" dla. r
l" thk.
Kz 534V527-2366

KZ 5340-582-20t1
TABLE 21. SUPPLEMENTARY LIST OF ZINC ANODES

Tvpc Siz e Approxi. Stock numbor

t
4" üq. x 3.2
(in. mole
)
l" thk. wci gnt
3" dlq; ¡ 1.8 KZ 534V58b2012
(pounds)
1,, thk.
ZW üc x 0.8 lo KZ 5340-427'2368

t
2tt Kz
ZRN 0.405 x 36 1.2 534G664-0529
I" tlü. 0.625 x 72 5.b KZ 5340'286'5339
ZSS 3" t 12" 12 2 KZ 534G290-8243 ZFtN
a2 Kz
zSrN 0.675 r 36 5340-66+0530
x !%,, <n
ZRN 0.840 r 36 KZ 534&66¿t-0531
thk.

I 2 KZ 5340-277-7559 ZRN I.00 r 72 l/L3 RZ 534É527-2367

Z,llS 6" x 6" 12
6¡6rl 9.0 KZ 5340-5493032
ZEP (Style A)
(hdf- x lYt"
2rl 0.8 Kz 53¿0.527.2368
ZEF (Style B)
slze) thk.
3r I 1.8 Kz 534.J.-582-2012
zEF(Style B)

I
ZEP (styre B) 4: I 5.4 KZ 534158F2011
9190.215 MAINTENANCE KZ
ZEP (Style B) 5r I 5.0 5340-327-2366
l. The golvonic onode system instolled in occqdonce ZEP (Stylc E) 6: I 7.1 Kz 534ú70b1371
with this Insuuction st¡oll be mqintoined on o continuing Kz 5340-70b1372
ZEP (StYle B) 9xI 16.0
bosis.
---2.

t
ZEP (Stylé B) ll r I 24.O Kz 5341702'1664
fnu golvonic systems sBecified herein ore designed 15xl 23.0 Kz 5340.702-I66s
two or three yeors to conform with normol over- ZEP (Style C)
to lost KZ 534G526.3679
ZB'P 2t2r7l4 8.0
houl periods (see orticle 9190.234)' The octuol service KZ 534É7213997
z'DM 0.500 ¡ 3,/4 0.04
life is dependent upon o combinqtion of mony fqctors' 0.625 x 3/4 0.06 KZ 5340-725.3998

I 3. Anodes shoú be renewed when üey will not lost zD\¡t

0.825 x 3/ 4 0. l0 KZ 53r1D725'3999
until the next scheduled or onticipoted nointenonce period 7-D\
KZ
l.Os r 3/4 0. 16 5340-682-2174
involvinq q drvdocking of üe ship. This will ossure
moxi- ZDM
ár* Iife from üe qnodes. Nornnlly, stern snodes

I
"utui""slightly more rqpidly thon üose instolled mid-
áJ"tiot"
,htp". Ho*"uár, tiris moy not be the cose for LSTs where
h;;; b"t" metol qreos máy exist ln üe forwqrd 6eo due to

I Chopter 9190 63
ORIGINAL
I April l9ó7

I
 t)
I
KEY TO SYilBOLS
Flr¡t Lefirr Second L¡ü¡r Thlrd L¡n¡r
Z-Ztnc E - Heot exchonger alcb M - lr¡hchlne fomed
. lnterlocklng

I
coré
B-Bor, squore
D - Dtsc, acgmented N - No core
R - Rod, cyclindricol P - Pipe core

I
t
I
I
I
I
l1
ri
I

I
I
I
I
t
Choprer 9190

64
ORIGINAT
I April l9ó7 t
I
rt
I NAVAL SHIPS TECHNICAL MANUAL
C1IAPTER 9I9O - PRESERYATION OF SHIPS IN SERVICE
Coting per{ormonce:
Point foilures, 9190. 212
Service tests, 9190. 2ll
Underwoter point perfornnce, 9190. 212

t
INDEX
Color schemes, 9190. l12, 9190. I22
Acid picklins, 9190.28 Comportment linishes, 9190. 112, 9190. 122

Aluminurn olloy: Corrosion Preventive compounds, 9190. I73

t
Foying surfoces, 9190. 105
Generol infcmotion, 9190. I04 Dip Applicotion, 9190. 81 to glg0. 83
ftebeqtment, 9190. l0I Distinguishing numerols ond letters, 9190. 152
Anchq choins, 9190.191 Doors, 9190.191 (
Dry blosting, surfqce cleonins q190.27

t
Anodes:
lr,loginesium, 91 90.23 I
q^^'i{i^i^l AlOn ??l Elecuic equipment:
Zinc,9190.23I Cqbles, 9190. i¿t4
Geneml, 9190.14
Antennqs, 9190.148

I
Intericr cc¡nmuni- -ion ond fire control, 9190. i¿16
Antifouling point:
plostic, 9190.16I Liqhtinq systems, 9190. 147
Applicqtion of hot
Apphcotion of vinyl, 9190. 165 Metql enclostres, 9190. 145
Motas qnd genemtors, 9190.142
srnll bmts, 9I90.182

I
Point rernowl, 9190. 15
Sonor equipment, 9190. I48
Ill Switchboüds ond ponels, 9190. I43
Steel surfqce ships, 9190.
Electronic equipment, 9190. t4l, 9190.148
Submorines, 9190.121
Emulsion cleoners, 9190.23
Wood surfoce ships, 9190. lll

I
Engine rooms, 9190. I12, 9190.122
Antisweot Point:
Epoxy Repoir Compounds, 9190. 169
Binder, 9190.164
Equignent:
Composite mixture, 9190. 164
Brush oppiicotion, 9190. 5I
Vermrculite, 9190.164

t
Dip opplicotion, 9190. 8l
fipplicotion, meüods of :
Explcion troof lights, 9190.163
Bush, 9190.51 to 9190.53 thickness (Fu9s, 9190.42
Filn
Dip, 9190.8I to 9190.83 Roller coot opplicotion, 9190.71, 9190. 26
Cenerol, 9190.41 to 9190.42

t
Sproy opplicotion, ontisweot point, 9190.164
Roller coot, 9190.7I to 9190.73
Ccnerql, 9190.6I
Sproy, 9190.6I to 9190.63, 9190. 16I
Hot Plostic, 9190.161
Vinyl, 9190.165
Stock numbers, 9190.2m
Thiokol, 9i90.166

t Bilqes, 9190.113
Biige keeis, 9190.191
Blost cleoning 9i90.27
Boqts qnd smoll croft,
9190. i81
Vinyl points, 9190. I65
Exteriors:
snoll bots, 9190.181 to 9190.187
Sümorines, 9190. I 12

t
Boot toppins, 9190.11, 9190.121 Sr¡foce ships, 9190. lll
Brush opplicotion, 9190.51 to 9190.53
Foying surfoces, oluminum, 9190. 105
Cobin bots, 9i90. I85 foying surloces, wood, 9190.108

I
Cqbles, 9190.15, 9190.144 Films, 9190. I
Comouflose, 9190. Il1, 9190. 12I Film thickness of Points, 9190.41
Cothodic protection, 9190. 231 Meqsurement of, 9190. 42
Generol, 9190.23I Fire conbol equipment, 9190,146

I
Mognesium sYstem
Fire plugs, 9i90. l9I
Design of, 9190.232 Fixtures ond enclcu¡es, 9190.15, 9190. l¿15
Instqllotion of, 9190.235 Flone cleoning, 9190. 26
Locstior¡ of qnodes, 9190.235 Furnitu¡e, 9190. I 91

I
Quontity of onodes required, 9190.234
lr,lo intenonce, 91 90.244
Golvqnized steel:
Zinc Systen Generql informotion, 9190. l(I}
Instqllotion of , 91 90.235 Retreqtnent, 9190. l0l
l¡cotion

I
of onodes, 9190.23I Grit blostins, 9190.27
Quqnüty of onodes required, 9190.234
Mointenonce, 9190.244
Submrines, 9190.243
of,

t
Design 9190.232
ORIGINAL
I April 1967
b5

I
ChoDter 9190
 t
I
Hond cleoning, 9190.24
Porovones, 9190.192
Heot exchongers ond condensers, 9i90,237
Pickling, ocid, 9190. 28
Hospitol ships, glg0. 157
Piping and mochinery:
Hospitol ship,s boos, glg0. 196
Cmtings required, 9190. l3l
Hot plostic opplicotion:

I
Items not tobe pointed, glg0,132
Anongement in drydock, 9190.-16l Plqstic boors, 9190. 189
Cleoning equipment, glg0. 16l Plostic surfoces, glg0. 14
Eiectricol ossembly, glg0. l6l Power tool cleoning, glg0.25
Equipment, 9190. 16l

I
Pre[eotment, opplicotion, glg0. 162
c'eneroi, 9190. l6l Pretreotment, requirements for 9190. I 0l
Operotion, 9190. 16l himing:
Sofety precoutions, 9190. 16l
Aluninum olloy, 9190. 105
Hydroulic fluid, resistqnce of points, 91g0.170

I
Golvonized steel, 9190. 103
Miscelloneous Metqls, glg0. l0Z
Identificqtion qnd owords:
lJngolvcnized steel, 9190. 102
Compoign ond commendotion ribbons, glg0.155
Wood, 9190.108
Corrier flight deck morkings, 9190.153

I
Propellers, 9190. Igl
Distinguishing numerols ond letters, gl g0. 152 Publicotions, 9190. I
¡lospitol ships, 9190. 157
Letter owords, 9190. 154 Reconditioning flooded equipment, gi90.221 to 9190.266
Squodron Insignio, 9190. 156 Removql of cootings, 9190. i5, glg0.2l, gtgo.23
Instoilotion:
Mognesium system, 9190.235
Zinc sysrem, 9190.235
Insulotion, 9190. l12
Repointing, 9190. 2-9190. 3
Replicos ond Bibbons, 6190.150
Roller coot opplicotion, glg0. 7l-glg0. 73
Rubber, 9190.112
I
Interior communicotion equipment, glg0. 146
Interior, submorines, 9190, 122
Interior, surfqce ships, 9ig0. ll2
Rudders ond skegs, glg0. lgt

Sofety precoutions:
Blostins, 91 90. 27
I
Letter owords, 9190.
LiIe flmts, 9190. l9t
Lighting systems, gIg0. I47
154 C€ne¡oi,9190.5
Hot plostic, 9190.161
Pretreotrnent, 9190. 162
Soron, 9190. i63
I
I
Mochine shop, 9190. I12
$oron cpplicotion:
Mochinery ondpiping:
f'enerol, 9190.163
Cootings for, 9190. l3l
Sofety precoutions, 9190. 163
Items not to be pointed ,9190. I32
Solvent cleoning, 9190. 23

I
Mognesiun-.:
Ventilotion, 9190.163
Anodes, 9i90231
Vinyl, 9190. 165
System, 9190.235
Seo chests, steel protectors for, 9190.241
Mointenonce:
Seo volves, steel protectors for, 9190.24I

I
Roller cmters, 9I90.R
Service tests, 9lg0.2lt
Sproy guns, 9190.63
Shoftins, 9190.191
Moteriqis:
Ships, nomes, 9190.I5I
Cenerol, 9190.20I Shot blosting, 9190.27

I
Mixinq, 9190.203 Srnll bmts:
Stock numbers, 9190.204, 9190.205, 9190.26
Cqbin boqts, 9190.185
Storoge, 9190.2m Corrosion, prevention of, 9lgf,.,242
Metqi enclmues, 9190. 145 Generol informction, glg0. lBl

t
Metols, dissimÍlor, 91g0. 238
Hospitql ships, 9190. 186
miscelloneous, gIg0. 106
Identificotion morkings, 9190. 187
Motors qnd generotors, g1gO.l42
Miscelloneous, 9190. I83
Open bmts, 9190. tB4

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Open bmts, smqU, 9190. lB4 Underwoter, 9190.182
Smoke pipes, 9190.191
Pointing:
Solvent cleoning, 9190. 23
Technique, 9190.62
Dip opplicotion, glg0.8l
Sonqr domes ond tronsducers, 9190. l4g, glg0. lgI

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Cooting, 9190.19I
Roller cmt, 9lS.7I
Cothodic protection, glg0. 239
Sproy gun, 9190.63
Excepüons, 9190.132

Ctopter 9190 66
ORIGINAL
I April 1967
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I Sproy qpplicqtion:
Antisweot point, 9190. 164
Oore ond mqintenonce, 9190;63
Equipment, 9190. 61, 9190.2(b
lgghes,9l90.22
Torbdo tubes,

Underwster:
9190. 122

I Hot plostic, 9190. 16I

Technique, 9190.62
Steel protectors, 9190. 24i
Stern tubes ond strut beorings, 9190.236
Pcint performonce, 9190. 212
Smoil bots, 9190. 182
Submorines, 9190.12t
Surfqce ships, 9190. Ill

t Stock numbers, 9190. 204-9190. 2m

Storoge of mcteriols, 9190.202
Submqrines:
Exterior, 9190. 12I
Ventilotion, 9190. 5, 9190. 163
Ventilotion ducts, 9190. l9l
Vinyl points:

I Interior, 9190.122
Tonks, 9190.123
Surfoce peporotion:
Air eject pipinq, 9190. l33
Applicotion rnethods, 9190. 165
Equipment, 9190. I65
Film thickness, 9190.
Mixinq, 9190. 165
165

I Blost cleoning, 9190. 27 Pretreotment, 9190. t65

Flome cleoning, 9190.26 Sofety precuutions, 9190. 165
Generql, 9190.ll Sproy opplicotion, 9190. i65
Hond cleoning, 9190.24 Surfoce preporotion, 9190. 165

I Metollic surfqces, 9190. 12 Vinyl plostisol cooting, 9190.168

Picklinq, 9190.28
Plostic services, 9190. 14 Wet ssndblostinq, 9190. 27
Removol of point, 9190. 15, 9190. 2l Wetted oreo of surfoce ships, 9190.233

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Solvent cleoning, 9190. 23 Wood:
Toches, 9190.22 Foying surfoces, 9190. lS
Vinyl, 9190. I65 himing,9190. l(}7
Wood surfoces, 9190. 13 Removql of point, 9190. 15, 9190.2t, 9190.22

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Surfoce ships: Smoll bots, 9190.181
Exterior, 9190.IIl Coüodic protection¡ 9190.240
fntericr comportments, 9190. ll2 Su¡foce prepqrotion, 9190. 13
Tonks, bilges, ondvoids, 9190.113 Surfoce ships, exterior, 9190. lll

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Switchboords, 9190. 15, - 91490. i43 Su¡fqce ships, interior, 9190.112
Synthetic rubbe¡ coqt, 9190.166 Su¡foce ships, tonks, 9190.113
Wood preservotive, 9190. 13
Tonk cooting systems, 9190. 167

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Fresh woter, 9190.171 Zinc System
Tonks: Instqllqüon of , 9190.85
Submqrines, 9190. i23 Qrnntity of qnodes required, 9190.234
Surfoce ships, 9190. l13 Ivhintenorce, 9t 90.2¿14

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Thickness of point films, 9190.3, 9190.4, 9190.41, Submrines, 91S.243
9190.42, 9190. 165 Design of, 9190.232

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I Chopter 9190 67
ORIGINAL
I Apill 1967

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