UNIT-1

Ereray
Eergy roy be needeo os heu
moy
OS
OS ight as motive Paer elc. The presey
dad oduancement in Scicne ard techonolcgy

i ssble lo
lo ConNort eleclrical
has made
desived Form
eneyy
chery into any

ElecEvic energy s Supevioy

aothey forrs OR eneve due o he
the

oll'oinq reasons:

aCon venient tor m

Easy Control
Greale flexibiliy
Cheapnes
Cleanlines
High transmission effcjency

The ore OY poleneial ereay hch

vives he Plow oP Caremt rom one
fint to
another sknoun as voltage nils - ofés
An pevage MeaSuye amouh of eledve

Cha vge or slveng th of aYYent s knoh

OS a mperage . Oni4S-Amps
Jatage The amoun ol elecdvical Power I
epreseed m atls
Power-
qeneralion

The chie souvCes o ener

for generalion
cleclrical Eneray a
fossil fuels walHer
nudear energy
Souvces
o Poaer generation
Natual

The Suno solar energy

heat enegg radiate
The

6he Can Con e focus ed ovev a Smal

by
means o f v e{éctors and his
area
be ased o raised steam, thus
heat Can

Pro duc ing

Electrical Ene rg

Or coind eregg
The oind
Th is melhod
Coun
Can
be usel

for aConside rable

cOhere Ginda flows
time. The ird ehergy S
lerglh
o Fun the md m il hichdrives a
Small generolor
and
batteris are yvanga

lo Chavge However he dra backs o

Chis melhod Cre avire (~abe
aselbecag
o ncenlaniy abbut Coind Pressavo cnd

the Pocder gene rated yaile Small.

2 Man-made sOurce-
tlgdo Power plant
da hydro poer
n
Pons, elecrical Poeris
isgererated fron
the energg
energg of falling coaley or ast
Vunhing waler, ahich may be harnessed
for sefal PU POSes
Thema pouer Plont
A thevmal pouer Sfation
sa PoWer Stattion in hich hert
enerqu
is Conver ted to electric Pouer-Tn moy
of he paces in the orld he tarbihes
S Eemm -driven

Nucledr power Plant A nuclear poawer planta

dthermal Power Stalon in which the
hak Sourre is a
nuclear reaclor. In therny
Pooer statlons, heat s Cse to gene rale
Stea m hat drives a steaa erbine conheche
o gene rator bhat Produes eleelricity
Oiesel ouer Plaht' A deel foer
kand by Power station s the pant
planfor
where ce
use diesel engire to qenerade electr
icik
Ce Can as
Combine a diesel engihe
ith electvic
an
generotor to produce elec
erevgy by sing dresel fuel
Crergy
fuels Ye hatu val gas
or
iayald
Tvansm)5ion of POweri

Primavy 6vanSmissjon
The Clectric poer al

132EV Is ransmitHed by 3-Phase g - e

overhead
system to the outskirts of
ity
secon0ary EvansmisS/On primavy tanani

Line eyminates C he recie vig stabt

es at the out-skirs f
hich usucally
the city. The voltace reduced to 33k
byansformers Ona from
by step-don
he ve Pouer is
erorsmitted fo varioey SubSh
Cocateat the volegic poin in e
form of fransmisSion s calld
Crey. This
secondavy trens msSfon
the

Drseri bolion oPouwert

That part o poG shskêe
which distriaules eletric Power for bcal
use s novn 0S Dtríbatjon System
generay Consisfs of

eeders *feeder ts aCorductor Which

(onrectg the sabSlation to he orea

(Pheve Pouer s to be distvibuted Te

ain Consideration phe desig of a feedy
the (aYrent Carrgina copacgg
BPstri bator T s Conductor from hich
the coraar
la Ppings ave laker for suPply to
CurYent through the distríbator s not
The
The

Constu nt because tapplngS are taken a

Nanious pla ces along is ength
Sexvice mainsA Service main is qeneral
a Small Cable hich Connec ls the distrib

ko the2 Consume vs evrinas

TransfoYmey A vans-fovmer s a device which

vansfers Cectrical enorgy orelect rial
Poer byom One Civcuit lo another witha,
Change in freay uercy tranStormey can
be (oaded beteen 50-65, t epactt,
for o btaining maximUm
effruiercy
T r
Tyanstomer hoS two type of loss
Tror (oss Tvon (oss dep?nd upon
voltagp
Copper loss Copper bss dep end ufo
Corrent
 Phase Connectiors
Singe Srae Phase power vefe
a foo wive Aterna fing Curvent A)
civcitTypcallg,
there One
power w
powe

Qnd One netal wire Power floS olu

ond heve oflo rel
he pouer wive
ihe bo coMple6
rekutk
neutral
Path caled the
he Civauite
Conn ectont
Bone
BanePrk
FrkD singe- phose
(ess complex
The design s
ess
Oesign Ces
Puer Supply for
Most eflicient AC
(OOoJots
opto
Tde-vange opplication uses
ThveePhase Connections
Thvoe Phase powey refesto
Ehree Corve Alfev nating Carrer) AC) pa
CiYcults Tuplcally, theve are thve pow
wiyes ord one neutva wfve

Benefrtc oP Thvee-
-Prose Connatron

Reduction P Cofper udslizatian

Reduction of of se cori y risKs fa enpos
Lobouv reat ment Cosks
The
MOY
etficerc9 of the Conductor
Gene rators
Gqererators ave sed as a

tempovov pouey SouYCe trat Can keep goy

oroeioral duvino a poser outoge. Tt
oill de pe nd on the y Pe of busines

goa hav, ehe size o facility and

houd much eayuipment qon ha

OPS:
ORS susFemsPravide
a backaP ey
eayupreht runn
Suppl that keefs gouy

without interptiors during an O tage a=

also prokect gaay ysterms agains poev

sAges. But the
lenth oP ime they
o eep gouy Susters rumhin9 Is
Vevy
vevy limited Since Ehey Yun on but try
buttevu

Service MoinS
A wive thats used fotap
Puer SuPPyram he st veet pole to the
Congumey ferminal is nown os sevvice wive.

TE also nown os seyvice Line ov servie

wives Thevp Ove suPpy fvom stree fole
Consume vs premises Con be given b

follouing:
Onderarbund Cables
Ovevhead Conduc toYS
Meleving9
An elec eric metey s
a
heas u ves Ehe amount of
det
deui
el
Ehat
enevay Corsumed
a buildig
eo
SPace
OY eleckvica Posere
CaA
They e installed at astomer
They
o meaSu Ye elec tvica ehergg delie
delie ver
to heiv Costoma6

Ty pes C metersS
Ft-vaBe melers
Inteyval meles
Selav melevss

Smavf meter

Ligh
o individuol
cuslioirg
iahE poin b
circuit Provid
ard Eus P
dadicales fuse Cin Fov Che dis

per IE Rales morrm am humb

Point sn 6he Crcuit 0

eah Circut shouldrot have
more
Chon 300 coatts
Pocser Circiks
A Power crcuit
any cYcu Ased
fo Coyry

Ehat operats a load A Pcwer

Consiss o Circat an Octlel
the SouVTe, two N br he path
Cw hch to the Cotrol device and

mo lo a (oad E, AG Geyer
Mic Yo Wa ve oven