Experiment # 10

Title:
To Study and Implement Kirchhoff’s Current Law
Objective:
1. To understand the principle of Kirchhoff’s Current law
2. To write the voltage equation from the Kirchhoff’s Current Law

Theory:
Kirchhoff’s current law (KCL) states that the algebraic sum of currents entering a node (or a closed
boundary) is zero. Mathematically, KCL implies that where N is the number of branches connected to the
node and is the nth current entering (or leaving) the node. By this law, currents entering a node may be
regarded as positive, while currents leaving the node may be taken as negative or vice versa.

Materials Required:
 Multimeter
 Experimental Kit: Electronic Trainer EES-21-305
 Resistor 100Ω , 150Ω
 Line Cords

Procedure:
1. Connect the circuit as shown in figure below.

R1
+42.0
100ohm mA

R2 R3 R4
150ohm 100ohm 150ohm
+12.0

+18.0

+12.0
mA

mA

mA

Vin

2. State the experiment by setting the direction of the current in the circuit.
 3. Calculate the total current (It) and the current through R1, R2 ,R3 and R4.
4. Write down the equation for Kirchhoff’s Current Law.
5. Write down the values in observation Table.
6. Calculate the percentage error:

Observation Table:
Table. 1 Kirchhoff’s Current Law
Values IT I1 I2 I3
Calculated 42mA 12mA 18mA 12mA
Measured 42.0 mA 12.0mA 18.0mA 12.0mA
% Error 0% 0% 0% 0%

Calculations:
R1 = 100Ω = 0.1kΩ
R2 = 150Ω = 0.15kΩ
R3 = 100Ω = 0.1kΩ
R4 = 150Ω = 0.15k Ω
1 1 1 1
= + +
ℜ 150 100 150

Re = 42.85Ω
RT = Re + R1 = 42.85 + 100 =142.85Ω
RT = 142.85Ω = 0.14285kΩ
Vin 6
IT = = = 42mA
RT 0.14285
V = 6V
VR1= I1× R1 = 42 × 0.1 = 4.2V

VR2= 1.8V
VR3= 1.8V
VR4= 1.8V
VR2 1.8
I2 = = = 0.012Amps = 12mA
R2 150
 VR3 1.8
I3 = = = 0.018Amps = 18mA
R3 100
VR 4 1.8
I4 = = =¿ 0.012Amps = 12mA
R4 150
IT = 12mA + 18mA + 12mA
42mA = I2 + I3 + I4
THE END