HISTOLOGY

Integumentary System and Nervous System

Fadhillah, Ph.D.
Integumentary System
 Integumentary System
• Epidermis
• Dermis
• Hypodermis
• Glands
Epidermis - Dermis
Epidermis
EP : Epidermal ridges or pegs
DP : Dermal ridges
B : single layer columnar cell,
intense mitotic activity, melanocytes
present
S : 3-5 layers of columnar-polygonal
cells, desmosome joint,
keratinocytes, actively synthesizing
keratins, Langerhans cells present
G : 8-10 layers of flattened cells,
undergoing terminal diff
(keratinization), contain keratohyalin
granules and lamellar granules
C : 15-20 layers of squamous fully
keratinized cells, dead anucleate
cells
D : Dermis
L : 2-3 thin translucent layers of
eosinophilic keratinocytes, only
found in thick skin, anucleate
Dermis Papillary layer:
Superficial layer, composed of
areolar connective tissue,
vascular network, forms dermal
papillae
Reticular layer:
Dense irregular connective
tissue surrounding hair follicles,
glands, nerves, a network of
elastic (>collagen) fibers present
 Hypodermis

• A thick layer of areolar and adipose connective tissue

• Paccinian corpuscles present
Nervous System
 Nervous System
• Neuron
• Glial cells
• Cerebrum
• Cerebral cortex
• Cerebellum
• Spinal cord
 Neuron
X100; H&E Cell body
• Also called as perikaryon or soma
• Contains nucleus (N) and basophilic
Nissl bodies (NS)

Axon
• Arises at axon hillock (AH)
• Side branches (collaterals) end in fine
processes called axon terminals

Dendrite (D)
• Typically short, highly branched &
unmyelinated
 Gray and white matter
• White matter = myelinated processes (white in color)
• Gray matter = nerve cell bodies, dendrites, axon terminals, bundles of
unmyelinated axons and neuroglia (gray color)
Gray and white matter
 Cerebrum
Consists of:

1. Outer gray matter (GM) - cortex

- Divided into 6 layers: 1 molecular layer
and 5 granular layers
- Contains neurons (pyramidal cells) GM

and glial cells

2. Inner white matter (WM)

WM
Cerebral cortex
I: next to piamater

II: contains neuroglial cells and

small pyramidal cells

III: mostly contains medium-sized

pyramidal cells

IV: thin layer with small granule cells,

pyramidal cells, and neuroglia

V: contains neuroglial cells and

largest pyramidal cells

VI: deepest layer, adjacent to white

matter with various cell types
Cerebral cortex
 Cerebellum
Gray matter (GM) White matter (WM)
• Outer molecular layer (M)
• Middle Purkinje cell layer (P)
• Inner granular layer (G)

Purkinje cell

PP
GG
MM

GM

Silver WM
 Spinal cord
GM WM

X100, Silver X5, Silver X100, Silver

• Roughly H-shaped structure with 2 posterior (P) horns (sensory) and

2 anterior (A) horns (motor)
• Billateral symmetry around the small central canal (C)
• Consists of:
a. Gray matter (GM) – abundant astrocytes and large neuronal cell bodies
b. White matter (WM) – oligodendrocytes and myelinated axons
Spinal cord