Name _____________________________

PETE 663 — Formation Evaluation and Analysis of Reservoir Performance

Examination 3 — Pressure Transient Test Analysis
17 December 2003
Orientation: Analysis and Interpretation of a Pump Test Sequence
READ THIS FIRST!
This problem consists of a pressure drawdown/buildup test sequence performed on a pumping
WATER well (our campus water well). There are no "tricks" involved—this should be a straight-
forward analysis/interpretation sequence. Be sure to perform all analyses—and cross-check/
double-check your work whenever possible.
Given:
These attached data were taken from a pressure drawdown/buildup test sequence performed on our campus
water well. The reservoir interval is a water sand at about 450 ft—the well is not stimulated and should not
be damaged (however, this well is completed "open hole" — which may yield results suggesting that the
well has been stimulated). The reservoir should be assumed to be homogeneous and infinite-acting.
Reservoir properties:
φ=0.25 rw=0.36 ft ct=6.5x10-6 psia-1 h=23 ft
Water properties:
Bw=1.0 RB/STB µw=1.0 cp
Production parameters:
Duration Pressure at Start Water
of Event of Event Flowrate
Event (hr) (psia) (STB/D)
1. Drawdown Test ˜ 2.0542 pi=147.29 60
2. Buildup Test ˜ 2.25 pwf(∆t=0)=139.30 0
Summary Plots: (Drawdown/Buildup Test Sequences)

Reminder:
It is absolutely critical that you show all work for every calculation/process. You should label your
analysis/interpretation on each plot used — and you should show your calculations on the individual plots,
this helps me to follow your work, AND it ensures that you have a record of your analysis/interpretation
that can be graded. DO NOT WRITE ON THE BACK OF ANY PAGE.
 2

PETE 663 — Formation Evaluation and Analysis of Reservoir Performance

Examination 3 — Pressure Transient Test Analysis
17 December 2003
Required: Drawdown Case (Analysis of Water Well Test Data (Texas A&M University))
You are to estimate the following:
l Log-log analysis:
a. The wellbore storage coefficient, Cs.
b. The formation permeability, k.
l Cartesian analysis of "early" time (wellbore storage distorted) data:
a. The pressure at the start of the test, pi.
b. The wellbore storage coefficient, Cs.
l Semilog analysis of "middle" time (radial flow) data:
a. The formation permeability, k.
b. The near well skin factor, s.
c. The radius of investigation, rinv, at the end of radial flow or the end of test.
l Log-log type curve analysis:
a. The formation permeability, k.
b. The near well skin factor, s.
c. The wellbore storage coefficient, Cs.
d. The dimensionless wellbore storage coefficient, CD.
Results: Drawdown Case (Analysis of Water Well Test Data (Texas A&M University))
Log-log Analysis:
Wellbore storage coefficient, Cs = RB/psi
Formation permeability, k = md
Cartesian Analysis: Early Time Data
Pressure at start of test, pi = psia
Wellbore storage coefficient, Cs = RB/psi
Semilog Analysis:
Formation permeability, k = md
Near well skin factor, s =
Radius of investigation, rinv (end of radial flow or end of test) = ft

Log-Log Type Curve Analysis:

Formation permeability, k = md
Near well skin factor, s =
Wellbore storage coefficient, Cs = RB/psi
Dimensionless wellbore storage coefficient, CD =
 3

PETE 663 — Formation Evaluation and Analysis of Reservoir Performance

Examination 3 — Pressure Transient Test Analysis
17 December 2003
Required: Buildup Case (Analysis of Water Well Test Data (Texas A&M University))
You are to estimate the following:
l Log-log analysis:
a. The wellbore storage coefficient, Cs.
b. The formation permeability, k.
l Cartesian analysis of "early" time (wellbore storage distorted) data:
a. The pressure at the start of the test, pwf(∆t=0).
b. The wellbore storage coefficient, Cs.
l Semilog analysis of "middle" time (radial flow) data:
a. The formation permeability, k.
b. The near well skin factor, s.
c. The radius of investigation, rinv, at the end of radial flow or the end of test.
d. The extrapolated pressure, p*.
l Log-log type curve analysis: (use both ∆t and ∆te methods)
a. The formation permeability, k.
b. The near well skin factor, s.
c. The wellbore storage coefficient, Cs.
d. The dimensionless wellbore storage coefficient, CD.
l Cartesian analysis of "late" time (boundary-dominated) data: "Muskat Plot"
a. Average reservoir pressure, p (if applicable).

Results: Buildup Case (Analysis of Water Well Test Data (Texas A&M University))
Log-log Analysis:
Wellbore storage coefficient, Cs = RB/psi
Formation permeability, k = md
Cartesian Analysis: Early Time Data
Pressure at start of test, pwf(∆t=0) = psia
Wellbore storage coefficient, Cs = RB/psi
Semilog Analysis: Horner ∆t (MDH)
Formation permeability, k = md = md
Near well skin factor, s = =
Radius of investigation, rinv (end of radial flow or end of test) = ft = ft
Extrapolated pressure, p* (from Horner analysis) = psia
Log-Log Type Curve Analysis: ∆te ∆t
Formation permeability, k = md = md
Near well skin factor, s = =
Wellbore storage coefficient, Cs = RB/psi = RB/psi
Dimensionless wellbore storage coefficient, CD = =
Cartesian Analysis: Late Time Data ("Muskat Plot")
Average reservoir pressure, p (if applicable) = psia
 4

PETE 663 — Formation Evaluation and Analysis of Reservoir Performance

Examination 3 — Pressure Transient Test Analysis
17 December 2003
Data Functions: Pressure Drawdown Case
t pwf ∆p ∆p'
Point (hr) (psia) (psi) (psi)
1 0.0042 146.98 0.307 0.4492
2 0.0083 146.68 0.613 0.5332
3 0.0125 146.50 0.794 0.9146
4 0.0167 146.24 1.046 0.8859
5 0.0208 145.92 1.371 1.0622
6 0.0250 145.74 1.552 1.1132
7 0.0292 145.63 1.660 1.3800
8 0.0333 145.45 1.840 1.3805
9 0.0375 145.31 1.985 1.5051
10 0.0417 145.16 2.129 1.5781
11 0.0458 144.95 2.345 1.5741
12 0.0542 144.58 2.706 1.6415
13 0.0625 144.33 2.959 1.6949
14 0.0708 144.08 3.211 1.7853
15 0.0792 143.95 3.338 1.7244
16 0.0875 143.86 3.428 1.5898
17 0.0958 143.77 3.518 1.6401
18 0.1042 143.57 3.717 1.5448
19 0.1125 143.36 3.933 1.4563
20 0.1208 143.16 4.132 1.3914
21 0.1375 143.05 4.240 1.4313
22 0.1542 142.91 4.384 1.4774
23 0.1708 142.78 4.510 1.3627
24 0.1875 142.67 4.619 1.2274
25 0.2042 142.60 4.691 1.0892
26 0.2208 142.46 4.835 1.1051
27 0.2375 142.40 4.889 1.1052
28 0.2542 142.35 4.943 1.1041
29 0.2708 142.26 5.034 1.1508
30 0.2875 142.22 5.070 1.1614
31 0.3042 142.13 5.160 1.1907
32 0.3208 142.09 5.196 1.2137
33 0.3375 142.04 5.250 1.2601
34 0.3542 142.00 5.286 1.2323
35 0.3708 141.93 5.358 1.2698
36 0.3875 141.90 5.394 1.3060
37 0.4042 141.84 5.449 1.2294
38 0.4208 141.81 5.485 1.2517
39 0.4375 141.70 5.593 1.2489
40 0.4542 141.64 5.647 1.2603
41 0.4708 141.61 5.683 1.2774
42 0.4875 141.54 5.755 1.2621
43 0.5042 141.50 5.791 1.2632
44 0.5208 141.45 5.845 1.3466
45 0.5375 141.39 5.900 1.3647
46 0.5542 141.34 5.954 1.3591
47 0.5708 141.28 6.008 1.4885
48 0.5875 141.25 6.044 1.4856
49 0.6042 141.19 6.098 1.4806
50 0.6208 141.16 6.134 1.5048
 5

PETE 663 — Formation Evaluation and Analysis of Reservoir Performance

Examination 3 — Pressure Transient Test Analysis
17 December 2003
Data Functions: Pressure Drawdown Case (Continued)
t pwf ∆p ∆p'
Point (hr) (psia) (psi) (psi)
51 0.6375 141.08 6.206 1.4981
52 0.7208 141.03 6.260 1.4910
53 0.8042 140.90 6.387 1.4928
54 0.8875 140.72 6.567 1.4493
55 0.9708 140.51 6.784 1.4127
56 1.0542 140.40 6.892 1.3811
57 1.1375 140.29 7.000 1.4140
58 1.2208 140.15 7.144 1.4901
59 1.3042 140.07 7.217 1.5248
60 1.3875 139.98 7.307 1.4982
61 1.4708 139.91 7.379 1.4650
62 1.5542 139.86 7.433 1.3502
63 1.6375 139.79 7.505 1.3486
64 1.7208 139.71 7.577 1.3593
65 1.8042 139.62 7.668 1.3871
66 1.8875 139.55 7.740 1.3907
67 1.9708 139.51 7.776 1.3190
68 2.0542 139.46 7.830 1.3183
 6

PETE 663 — Formation Evaluation and Analysis of Reservoir Performance

Examination 3 — Pressure Transient Test Analysis
17 December 2003
Data Functions: Pressure Buildup Case
∆t ∆te Horner pws ∆p ∆p'(∆t) ∆p'(∆te)
Point (hr) (hr) Time (psia) (psi) (psi) (psi)
1 0.00417 0.00416 494.00 139.55 0.2500 0.2434 0.2534
2 0.00833 0.00830 247.50 139.78 0.4847 0.5058 0.4712
3 0.01250 0.01242 165.33 140.04 0.7372 0.7218 0.6692
4 0.01667 0.01653 124.25 140.25 0.9537 0.9077 0.9166
5 0.02083 0.02062 99.60 140.47 1.1702 1.0666 1.0789
6 0.02500 0.02470 83.17 140.65 1.3507 1.1465 1.1628
7 0.02917 0.02876 71.43 140.87 1.5672 1.3073 1.3285
8 0.03333 0.03280 62.63 141.07 1.7656 1.4632 1.4895
9 0.03750 0.03683 55.78 141.23 1.9280 1.5808 1.6139
10 0.04167 0.04084 50.30 141.34 2.0363 1.6620 1.6570
11 0.04583 0.04483 45.82 141.57 2.2708 1.6699 1.7107
12 0.05000 0.04881 42.08 141.68 2.3790 1.7142 1.7604
13 0.05417 0.05278 38.92 141.88 2.5775 1.7890 1.8400
14 0.05833 0.05672 36.21 142.00 2.7038 1.7922 1.8475
15 0.06250 0.06065 33.87 142.17 2.8662 1.8395 1.8623
16 0.06667 0.06457 31.81 142.26 2.9564 1.8923 1.8679
17 0.07083 0.06847 30.00 142.35 3.0466 2.0041 2.0780
18 0.07500 0.07236 28.39 142.45 3.1548 1.9351 2.0116
19 0.07917 0.07623 26.95 142.56 3.2631 1.9491 2.0308
20 0.08333 0.08008 25.65 142.65 3.3533 2.0143 2.0750
21 0.09167 0.08775 23.41 142.89 3.5878 1.9698 2.0628
22 0.10000 0.09536 21.54 143.03 3.7322 1.9751 2.1208
23 0.10833 0.10291 19.96 143.14 3.8404 2.0037 2.1350
24 0.11667 0.11040 18.61 143.39 4.0930 2.0202 2.1382
25 0.12500 0.11783 17.43 143.52 4.2193 2.0176 2.1901
26 0.13333 0.12521 16.41 143.65 4.3456 2.0774 2.1439
27 0.14167 0.13253 15.50 143.75 4.4538 2.0110 2.1676
28 0.15000 0.13979 14.69 143.88 4.5801 1.9796 2.1293
29 0.15833 0.14700 13.97 144.01 4.7064 1.9388 2.0914
30 0.16667 0.15416 13.33 144.11 4.8147 1.9553 2.1431
31 0.17500 0.16126 12.74 144.19 4.8868 2.0274 2.0813
32 0.18333 0.16831 12.20 144.31 5.0131 1.9480 2.1318
33 0.20000 0.18226 11.27 144.44 5.1394 1.8489 1.9854
34 0.21667 0.19599 10.48 144.64 5.3379 1.8180 1.9831
35 0.23333 0.20953 9.80 144.73 5.4281 1.7693 1.9454
36 0.25000 0.22288 9.22 144.87 5.5724 1.7128 1.9172
37 0.26667 0.23603 8.70 144.96 5.6626 1.6343 1.8502
38 0.28333 0.24899 8.25 145.09 5.7889 1.6255 1.8070
39 0.30000 0.26177 7.85 145.14 5.8430 1.5342 1.7699
40 0.31667 0.27437 7.49 145.23 5.9332 1.4740 1.6955
41 0.33333 0.28679 7.16 145.32 6.0235 1.4745 1.6440
42 0.41667 0.34640 5.93 145.63 6.3302 1.2307 1.5117
43 0.50000 0.40212 5.11 145.85 6.5467 1.1306 1.3257
44 0.58333 0.45432 4.52 145.99 6.6910 0.9607 1.2609
45 0.66667 0.50332 4.08 146.10 6.7992 0.8729 1.1884
46 0.75000 0.54941 3.74 146.21 6.9075 0.7967 1.0942
47 0.83333 0.59283 3.47 146.30 6.9977 0.7422 1.0336
48 0.91667 0.63382 3.24 146.37 7.0699 0.6691 1.0117
49 1.00000 0.67258 3.05 146.39 7.0879 0.6488 0.9856
50 1.08333 0.70927 2.90 146.46 7.1601 0.6161 0.9954
 7

PETE 663 — Formation Evaluation and Analysis of Reservoir Performance

Examination 3 — Pressure Transient Test Analysis
17 December 2003
Data Functions: Pressure Buildup Case (Continued)
∆t ∆te Horner pws ∆p ∆p'(∆t) ∆p'(∆te)
Point (hr) (hr) Time (psia) (psi) (psi) (psi)
51 1.16667 0.74407 2.76 146.50 7.1962 0.6036 0.9732
52 1.25000 0.77711 2.64 146.53 7.2322 0.5643 0.9638
53 1.33333 0.80853 2.54 146.59 7.2864 0.5312 0.9762
54 1.41667 0.83844 2.45 146.60 7.3044 0.5192 0.9562
55 1.50000 0.86694 2.37 146.62 7.3225 0.4897 0.9423
56 1.58333 0.89414 2.30 146.66 7.3585 0.4965 0.9258
57 1.66667 0.92012 2.23 146.68 7.3766 0.5150 0.9179
58 1.75000 0.94496 2.17 146.69 7.3946 0.4793 0.8884
59 1.83333 0.96874 2.12 146.73 7.4307 0.4906 0.9041
60 1.91667 0.99152 2.07 146.75 7.4487 0.4887 0.9023
61 2.00000 1.01336 2.03 146.77 7.4668 0.4844 0.8858
62 2.08333 1.03432 1.99 146.78 7.4848 0.4815 0.8874
63 2.16667 1.05446 1.95 146.80 7.5029 0.4583 0.8897
64 2.25000 1.07381 1.91 146.82 7.5209 0.4691 0.9255
 PETE 663 — Formation Evaluation and Analysis of Reservoir Performance
Examination 3 — Pressure Transient Test Analysis
17 December 2003
Bourdet-Gringarten Type Curve: Dimensionless Pressure and Pressure Derivative Functions
8
 PETE 663 — Formation Evaluation and Analysis of Reservoir Performance
Examination 3 — Pressure Transient Test Analysis
17 December 2003
Log-Log Plot: Pressure Drawdown Case — Pressure Drop and Pressure Drop Derivative Data
9
 PETE 663 — Formation Evaluation and Analysis of Reservoir Performance
Examination 3 — Pressure Transient Test Analysis
17 December 2003
Early-Time Cartesian Plot: Pressure Drawdown Case
10
 PETE 663 — Formation Evaluation and Analysis of Reservoir Performance
Examination 3 — Pressure Transient Test Analysis
17 December 2003
Semilog Plot: Pressure Drawdown Case
11
 PETE 663 — Formation Evaluation and Analysis of Reservoir Performance
Examination 3 — Pressure Transient Test Analysis
17 December 2003
Log-Log Plot: Pressure Buildup Case — Pressure Drop and Pressure Drop Derivative Data (∆t Format (No Rate History))
12
 PETE 663 — Formation Evaluation and Analysis of Reservoir Performance
Examination 3 — Pressure Transient Test Analysis
17 December 2003
Log-Log Plot: Pressure Buildup Case — Pressure Drop and Pressure Drop Derivative Data (∆te Format (Includes Rate History)
13
 PETE 663 — Formation Evaluation and Analysis of Reservoir Performance
Examination 3 — Pressure Transient Test Analysis
17 December 2003
Early-Time Cartesian Plot: Pressure Buildup Case
14
 PETE 663 — Formation Evaluation and Analysis of Reservoir Performance
Examination 3 — Pressure Transient Test Analysis
17 December 2003
Semilog Plot: Pressure Buildup Case — ∆t Format (No Rate History)
15
 PETE 663 — Formation Evaluation and Analysis of Reservoir Performance
Examination 3 — Pressure Transient Test Analysis
17 December 2003
Pressure Buildup Case: Horner Time Format (Includes Rate History)
16
 PETE 663 — Formation Evaluation and Analysis of Reservoir Performance
Examination 3 — Pressure Transient Test Analysis
17 December 2003
Late-Time Cartesian Plot ("Muskat Plot"): Pressure Buildup Case
17