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Evidence for (-nın kanıtı) Shortcoming

Evidence of (-nın kanıtı) Pitfall
Defect
However rich he is, he isn’t happy. Flaw
(“However” yapısı kendisinden sonra sıfat ya da zarf Disadvantage (Bu kelimeler “eksiklik”, “kusur”,
alıp yan cümlecik ve ana cümleciği bağlayabilir.) “dezavantaj” anlamı verirler)
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

Ayşe is not at home, but at work. Put into effect/use/market (-yı uygulamay koymak,
piyasaya sürmek)
(“…değil, …” anlamı veren “not…, but…” kalıbı
parallel bir kalıptır ve “not” yerine olumsuzluk veren Go into effect (uygulamaya girmek)
başka yapılar da kullanılabilir.) Come into effect
Distinct
Consecutively Different from (-den farklı)
Subsequently
Successively (ard arda; bunun ardından…) Distinguish between …
Effect on
Impact on
Rather than Influence on
Instead of
In place of (-nın yerine; -den ziyade; -dense) I am of the opinion that….. (Görüşüm ….)
_____ I could. Nesnesi eksik bir yan cümlecik bu üç bağlaç

I like. kullanılarak bir ana cümlecğe bağlanabilir.
(Boşluktan sonra bu şekilde kısa ifadeler varsa çok ___ you know, she is student.
büyük ihtimalle orada bir “as..as” ya da “more than…” As (-dığı gibi)
yapısı gibi bir kısaylama ifadesi kullanılır.) As far as (-dığı kadarıyla)
So far as
“as…as...” yapısının devamına aşağıdaki yapılar
getirilebilir.) All the students but Ahmet failed.
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER
as …as ______. (“But” bağlacı bu tür kullanımda “hariç” anlamı verip

isim/zamir “except” ya da “except for” gibi bir kullanıma sahiptir.)
I do. (SVO)
. do I. (Devrik cümle) Make up for = compensate for = “telafi etmek”,
to Vo (...yapacak kadar) “karşılamak”…
Ayşe spend as much as I earn on a day
Ayşe spend as much as do I earn on a day. Eradicate
Wipe out
At the expense of = -nın zararına, -nın sırtından Stamp out
Clear out (kökünü kazımak, yok etmek)
__________. Indeed,
In fact,
As a matter of fact, ____. To ……….extent/degree
Bu zarflar bir önceki cümlenin daha vurgulu bir To some extent (kısmen)
ifadesinin olduğu bir cümleye geçiş sağlarlar) To what extent (hangi oranda)
To a large extent (büyük oranda)
I don’t need money whatsoever. (“whatsoever” To a little extent (azıcık)
yapısı olumsuz cümlede bir ismin ardından gelir ve
Türkçe’deki “Paraya maraya ihtiyacım yok” (“to…extent” ya da “to …degree” kalıbı araya çeşitli
anlamındaki ikilemeyi sağlar) yapılar alarak kullanılabilir.
As yet = şimdilik
Bütün adaylara YDS'de başarılar dileriz! Sayfa 1

Instead of Process by which SVO

Rather than
In place of (-nın yerine; -den ziyade; -dense) Situation
Condition
Whereby = by means of which (-...yoluyla; Disease in which SVO
…aracılığıyla; …vasıtasıyla) Environment
Circumstance
This is the method whereby you can treat malaria.
(“whereby” yapısı Adjective Clause yapar ve bir ismi Be subject to -e maruz kalmış
niteler.) Be exposed to
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

I wanted Ahmet to sleep, but he did otherwise. Play
Take an important part/role in
(“Otherwise” yapısı bir zarftır ve “yoksa, aksi takdirde”
anlamının yanı sıra “aksi, tersi” anlamı da vardır) Under the terms of …(-nın şartlarına göre)
Under the orders of (-nın komutasında)
Under the supervision of (-nın denetiminde)
Clockwise (saat yönü) Under the rule of (-nın idaresinde)
Anti-clockwise (saat yönünün tersi)
From …. to (hem “zaman” hem “yer” ifadelerinde) Parity with (ile eşitlik)
From ….until (sadece “zaman” ifadelerinde)
From …..till (sadece “zaman” ifadelerinde) Take into consideration (göz önüne almak)
Take into account (hesaba katmak)

As you know, _________.
As far as Regardless of
So far as Irrespective of
(-yı dikkate almadan, -yı hesaba katmadan)
(Bu şekilde nesnesi eksik olan bir ifadenin yan
cümlecik olmasını “as”, “as far as” ve “so far as”
bağlaçları sağlayabilir. Bu durmda devamlarına tam
cümle (ana cümlecik) getirilir. ) However rich he is, he isn’t happy.
(However + adj/adv +S V, SVO)
Ayşe, if she studies hard, can pass the exam. However you will design your room is up to you.
(However “Noun Clause” yapmıştır….)
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER
(“Bağlaç+yan cümlecik” bu şekilde ana cümleciğin

içine yerleştirilebilir) However we travel, it is going to be a long journey.
(However Yan cümlecik, Ana cümlecik. “sadece
vasıta bildirirken”)
Pitfall
Flaw (“However” yapısı bu üç durum dışında öncesinde bir
Disadvantage cümle olmaksızın cümle başında kullanılamaz.)
Defect
Shortcoming (eksiklik, kusur, dezavantaj)
Cooperation with = ..ile işbirliği
I am of the opinion that ……… (görüşüm….)
On a basis (“on a regular basis” = düzenli olarak)
On a level (“on a high level” = yüksek seviyede)
All students but Ahmet failed the exam. On a scale (“on a large scale” = büyük ölçekli)
(“But” bağlacı bu tür kullanımda “hariç” anlamı verip
“except” ya da “except for” gibi bir kullanıma sahiptir.) In the wake of = -nın ardından
In its wake = onun ardından
I have no option but to study.
(“But” bağlacı genelde devamına bir fiil alacaksa fiilin
“to Vo” halini alır) What I want to know is where she was yesterday.
Spot (Bu cümlede hem özneyi hem de tamamlayıcıyı Noun

Point where SVO Clause yapıalrı oluşturmuştur)

Whereby = by means of which Seem

(-...yoluyla; …aracılığıyla; …vasıtasıyla) Appear to V0
prove
This is the method whereby you can treat malaria.
(“whereby” yapısı Adjective Clause yapar ve bir ismi Replacement = subsititute
niteler.)
Particularly; In particular; Especially; Notably
(Some countries, especially Turkey,…)
To ……….extent/degree Bu zarflar bir grubun içinden bir ögeyi ön plana
To some extent (kısmen) çıkarmak için kullanılırlar.
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

To what extent (hangi oranda)
To a large extent (büyük oranda) Malaria is a disease _in which__ SVO.
To a little extent (azıcık) disorder
ailment
(“to…extent” ya da “to …degree” kalıbı araya çeşitli illness
yapılar alarak kullanılabilir. impairment
infirmity
condition
Replace …with (..ile değiştirme) environment
Subsititute …with (ile değiştirme) situation
circumstance
Apprehensive = anxious, worried (endişeli)
Cleft Sentence:
Comprehensive = thorough = exhaustive (kapsamlı)
It boş öznesinden sonra vurgulamak istediğimiz
Charge …with (ile suçlamak) bilgi bir isim ise devamına Adjective Clause yazılır.
Accuse …of (ile suçlamak) Vurgulacak bilgi bir sıfat, edat öbeği, zarf veya zarf
Blame … for (ile suçlamak) cümleciği ise devamına "that clause" getirilir.
Appeal for = ask for (talep etmek, istemek)
Appeal to = attract (cezbetmek) It was Ahmet who broke the window.
Appeal = temyize gitme It was in Ankara that I met her.
It is because I am with you that they don't love me.
Cümle zarfları bağlaçlar gibi yan cümlecik ve ana
cümlecik şeklinde iki cümleciği bağlayamaz. Bu Pertaining to = related to
yapılartın öncesinde noktalı virgül veya nokta ile
bitmiş bir cümle olmalıdır. Yanlış olmasına rağmen With regard to
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER
bazen ilk cümlenin sonuna sadece virgül geldiği de As regards

görülebilir. Bulundukları cümle içinde ise cümle Regarding “-e gelince, söz konusu … olunca”
başında, sonunda veya ortasında bir yerde olabilirler. As for
As to
_____; Otherwise, ______.
_____. ______ otherwise. Teem with “ile dolu olmak)
_____; ___ otherwise___. Abound in
Be full with
Yaygın kullanılan diğer başlıca cümle zarfları Be stuck with
aşağıdadır.
Frankly, (dürüst olmak gerekirse)
Therefore, Thus, Hence, As a result Honestly,
However, Nevetheless, Nonetheless, Still, Even so To be honest,
Instead, To be frank,
Besides, In addition, Moreover, Furthermore
In spite, Agree with smb
On the contrary, In contrast, On the other hand Agree on/about smt
As well as
Besides NP, ___________. (prep)
1980 is a notorious year for Turkey. In addition to
(Özne geçmişi gösteren bir zaman ifadesi olsa da (Bu yapılar Prep oldukları için devamların Noun
zaman Present olabilir) Phrase (NP) alırlar.)

If not necessary, __SVO__. (zorunlu olmasa da.) (“If Research on

not…,” yapısı bu şekilde kullanıldığında “-olmasa da” Study in/into
ya da “…-e rağmen” anlamı verir. Inquiry
(spesifik olursa “on)
______, and therefore _____ (genel alan olursa “in” ya da “into)
thus
hence Search for (-bir şeyin araştırması)
thereby
(Bu kullanımda cümle "and" bağlacını esas alarak
devam ettirilir. They were surprised/amazed/shocked at/by …..
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

__Much_ to their surprise/amazement,
I first saw her in the concert.
(“First” yapısı zarf olduğunda “ilk kez” anlamı verir ve __Much___ to the surprise of them,
genelde Past ifade eder)
The first man to leave the building was…. particularly = in particular (özellikle)
(“The first/second”; “The best/most”; ve “The only” accordingly = in accord (buna uygun olarak)
yapıları devamlarına fiili çoğunlukla “to Vo” şeklinde essentially = in essential
alırlar.) generally = in general
My doctor gave me a recipe. And I eat everything

Make something known = introduce (tanıtmak, accordingly.
piyasaya sürmek)
Resident (bir yerde ikamet eden)
Draughtsman (verimsiz) X prolific (üretken) Dweller
Settler
That is Inhabitant
In other words = başka bir deyişle
Namely In place of = instead of
To put it differently
Be Composed of “-den oluşmak”

Within the reach of… X Out of reach Consist of
= keep this out of children’s reach. Include
Be made of
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Range from ….to... (-den ….-e çeşitlik gösteren) Prevail (v) “hüküm sürmek”
Vary from …to... In Turkey common sense prevails.
Prevelance (n) “yaygınlık”

As for -e gelince
As regards söz konusu … olunca Remarkable (dikkate değer oranda, önemli)
As to Significant
Regarding Considerable
With regard to Important
Whether or / Whether or not Seep into = -e sızmak
Bu şekilde karşımıza çıkarsa hem Noun Clause (...mı
olduğu yoksa ...mı olduğu; ...olup olmadığı) hem de Abolish = revoke = annul = repeal (geçersiz kılmak,
Adverb Clause (...da olsa ... da olsa; ...olsa da yürürlükten kaldırmak)
olmasa da) yapabilir.
Whether tek başına kullanıldığında “olup olmadığı” Sensitive to

anlamı ile sadece Noun Clause yapar. Susceptible to -e karşı savunmasız olma
Vulnerable to -e hassas
…..so that …can/could….
…..in order that …………
(-sın diye: devamlarına genelde “modal” alırlar) She is like my mother. (“like” benzetme yapar)

Occur = take place = come about Thereby sonuç zarfı cümle başı hariç cümle içinde
(olmak, meydana gelmek) her yerde bulunabilir. Ayrıca, bitmiş bir cümleyi
takiben devamına Ving alarak kullanılıp sonuç işaret
Null and void = invalid edebilir veya "and" bağlacını takip edebilir.
Convert He won the lottery, thereby becoming the richest

Turn man in the town. (kendisinden sonra Ving)
Transform to/into He won the lottery. He was thereby chosen the
Change leader of the team. (cümle ortasında)
He is a good player, and thereby knows how to play.
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

Should have V3
Ought to have V3 -meliydin ama ... He married and thereby lost touch with us.
Was/were supposed to Vo (Bu cümlede “and” kuralları geçerli)
was/were to have V3 As it is stated in the passage,
As is stated in the passage,
Point As stated in the passage,
Spot where.. SVO As in the passage, ………………….
Process Result from = stem from

means by which SVO
Result in = lead to = cause = bring about = give rise
Situation to = contribute to
Condition
Disease in which SVO Found – founded- founded / establish (kurmak)
Circumstance
Environment Find – found – found (bulmak)
Abolish = revoke = annul = repeal (yürürlükten

Be exposed to -e maruz kalmış kaldırmak)
Be subject to
Osmanlı Beyliği expanded into an empire.
He resorted to violence to get his money back. (-e
başvurmak) Under the orders of = -nın yönetimi altında
Under the supervision of = -nın denetimi altında
As a last resort, ……. (Son çare olarak) Under the terms of = -nın şartlarına göre
Can you write in English? (Bir “dilde” bir şey yazmak Soothe = appease = sedate = tranquilize
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER
… “in” edatı olur) sakinleştirmek
Stray off –den sapmak Subsequently

Successively …ardından
Adapt = adapte etmek Consecutively
Adopt = benimsemek; evlat edinmek
Successor = halef
Predecessor = selef
Appease
Soothe “sakinleştirmek, yatıştırmak” Irrespective of
Sedate = regardless of = …maksızın
Tranquilize
Comply with = Abide by = stick to =
“e bağlı kalma”
There has been a decrease in prices by 10 %.
Generosity
By 10 % = at the rate of 10%.
Attitude to / towards
Sensitivity
Irrespective of = regardless of
From 1920 onward,
(-yı dikkate almadan, -yı hesaba katmadan)
As of 1920,
As from 1920,
Expand into ….
Develop into … (büyüyerek) …-e haline gelmek
Carry out = conduct = perform = do

play Commonplace = widespread “yaygın”

take a role / a part in
Wipe out May well
Stamp out Might well = may / might / could
Eradicate Could well
Clear out
May as well
As regards Might as well = had better
Regarding
As for “-e gelince, söz konusu …olunca” Be composed of
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

As to be made up of
With regard to consist of
contain
Exhaustive = comprehensive = thorough = “kapsamlı, include
etraflı”
rely on / upon
go on strike = greve gitmek depend on / upon
count on / upon
such adj+noun as (kıyaslama)
such (adj) noun as (örnekleme) account for
make up
effect on constitute
impact on comprise “oluşturmak”
influence on
considerable “ciddi miktarda; önemli”
date back - geçmişe (-e dayanmak) remarkable
date from - günümüze (-den kalmak) significant
important
He is known to posterity by this book. (..tarafından
bilinmek) “by” yerine “to” considerate = thoughtful
He is known for this book. (ile tanınmak, ile ünlü She is at home and is cooking.
olmak) but; and; or; so
Bu bağlaçlar paraleldir. Bu yüzden ortak özne ikinci
He is known as the best player. (…olarak görülmek) cümlede tekrar etmeyebilir.
Compensate for == Make up for “tazmine tmek, two-thirds (2/3)

ENGLISH EXAM CENTER
telafi etmek, karşılamak” one-third (1/3)

one-sixth (1/6)
I don’t love you any more
I don’t love you any longer. (artık) One of my friends = a friend of mine
I no longer love you.
Do you have any more questions? (daha fazla…) I don’t love you any longer.
No, sir. I have no more questions. (daha fazla yok) any more.
Ayşe, if she studies hard, can pass the exam. Only a few = few (“only few” olmaz)
(“bağlaç+yan cümlecik” kısmı ana cümleciğin içine Only a little = little (“only little” olmaz)
konulabilir)
Suggest
Suspect that
Have ….... to do with = -ile alakası olmak Imply
something
nothing Ask/wonder that (olmaz)
little … Ask/wonder wh-/how/whether (olur)
I need to go.
It is necessary for me to pass the exam. My shirt needs to be ironed / ironing.
(for + Object + to Vo)
Long-lasting product (uzun ömürlü)

The + noun + of + noun By + reflexive

The leg of the table - yardım almadan
- yalnız
It was not Ali but Hüseyin who broke the window. I answered the question by myself = on my own.
"not...but..." kalıbı "...değil ..." anlamı verir. He is at home by himself = on his own.
This is the method whereby you can treat malaria. I am at home alone. // I am lonely.
by means of which
For + reflexive = birinci elden tanıklık
See it for yourself. (Kendin gör…)
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

put emphasis on
put importance on One of my friends = A friend of mine
put premium on
Situation
am/is/are Ving for two weeks (olmaz) Condition in which SVO
was/were Ving Disease
will be Ving Book
bu yapıların perfect (has been Ving...etc) halleri olur.
All students but Ahmet failed the test.
Deal “But” bu cümlede “hariç” anlamındadır. “except” ya da
Amount sayılamayan göbek kelimeleri “except for” olabilirdi.
Quantity
He is known to the posterity by this book.
A ……… deal of money/water (Gençlik tarafından …tanınıyor)
______. In contrast, ___ (bunun aksine) Compensate for

In spite (buna rağmen) Make up for
Instead (bunun yerine)
Detrimental to
In contrast to/with NP, ___. (-nın aksine) Harmful to
In spite of (-e rağmen)
Instead of (-nın yerine) He learned that Ahmet was the PM then.
Be regarded as
Consecutively (ard arda) be known as
Subsequently be cited as
Successively be recognized as
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER
be acknowledged as
Instead of : -nın yerine
Rather than :-den ziyade Wipe out
In place of : -nın yerine Eradicate
Stamp out
…….____ you like/ I can / I could. “gibi kısa clear out
cümlecik varsa genelde
As…as appalling
More than staggering
So… as …vb. kıyaslama yapıları doğru olur. stunning
lead to
…………… the other students passed. cause
the other student passed. bring about
(the other yapısı devamına hem tekil isim alabilir give rise to
hem çoğul isim alabilir. Ayrıca, tekil bir ismin yerine result in
ikame olur. “the others” ise çoğul ismin yerine ikame contribute to
olur)
result from
I did it myself. (özne ile reflexive uyumlu olmalı) stem from
arise from
I saw Ahmet himself. (reflexive nesneyi
vurgulayabilir) with a view to = -nın amacıyla

irrespective of + NP = ...-ya bakmaksızın pertaining to = related to

regardless of
turn out to V0
I don’t need money whatsoever.
(whatsoever olumsuz cümlede bir isimden sonra stamp out
gelir ve onu pekiştirir) wipe out
He is rich. he isn’t happy though. eradicate
He though isn’t happy clear out
(“though” zarf olunca cümle başı hariç her yerde clear away
kullanılabilir)
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

at birth
Regard…as…. (aktif) by birth
Be regarded as (pasif) spend …on

Be known as
Be acknowledged as (olarak bilinmek) on display = gösterimde olan
Be counted as
Be cited as date back
date from
I did this myself.
(özne ve reflexive uyumlu) ail = halt
ailment
I did this by myself / on my own. impairment
I saw Ahmet himself. infirmity
(reflexive nesneyi vurguluyor)
One …. Another…
I myself saw Ahmet.
(reflexive özneyi vurguluyor) Two….. One…. The other…
To a …… extent
See it for yourself. (birinci elden tanıklık) degree
In particular
Especially acquire (v) (edinmek)
Notably acquisition (n) (edinim)
Particularly (özellikle)
Prior to (prep) = before
Convert … into/in
Turn Priority = privilege
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER
Change Unparalleled
transform Unprecedented
unique
point where SVO
spot I was surprised by / at
As it is in the others, ….. __much___ To their surprise/amazement

As in the others, …….. (kısaltılmış hali) ___much___To the surprise of them
The + noun …”of ”… + noun

process by which SVO
In the light of …
I am surprised at/by point

spot where SVO
I am dissappointed with/by
She answered the question herself.
itself at present
(her iki reflexive de kullanılabilir ama anlam farklıdır) presently = now
currently
on a level
on a scale goods
on a basis commodity = meta, eşya

make use of Some countries, such as Turkey, are….

take advantage of -den faydalanmak like
utilize
exploit Common sense should prevail. (egemen olmak)
Prevalance (n)
tool Prevalant / dominant (adj)
device
appliance = alet, cihaz, aygıt Leak (v) sızdırmak
equipment Leakage (n) sızdırma, sızıntı
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

instrument
Seep into -e sızmak
if not necessary = zorunlu olmasa da She is at home and is sleeping.

(“and” bağlacı paralel olduğu için ikinci cümlenin
subject = citizen öznesi kullanılmadı)
perpetual It lasted for 3 years

permanent It lasted until 1990.
constant = sürekli, kalıcı
continuous Put emphasis on
perennial importance
pressure
resist to
resistant to = -e direnç… attach significance to
resistance to importance
Such countries as Turkey….. (örnekleme) attack on

assault on
Regardless of = -e bakmaksızın
Irrespective of from 1950 onward (-den bu yana)
backward
This income which is thereby made available to them sideward
is….. upward….
(pasif yapının içinde kullanılmış)
As for
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER
Flagging As regards söz konusu … olunca

Staggering = bocalayan, sendeleyen As to -e gelince
Stunning Regarding
With regard to
Effect on
Impact on Stamp out
Influence on Wipe out - kökünü kazımak
Eradicate - silmek
Stare at Clear out
Gaze at = -e dik dik bakmak
Extinguish - söndürmek
Tend to Put out
Be liable to = -e eğilimi olmak
Be inclined to Lucrative
Be predisposed to Profitable (adj) “kârlı”
Be prone to
As OF 1970, ….
That is As FROM 1970,
In other words = Başka bir deyişle From 1970 onwards,
Namely
In charge of (-nın sorumluluğunda)
Turn out to V0 Reponsible for

When he graduated from university, … by means of

via
On / Upon graduating from university, ….. by = yoluyla, aracılığıyla
On / Upon his graduation, ……… through
(“when” bağlacı “on” ve “upon” edatları ile de
kısaltılabilir) thorough = kapsamlı
throughout = boyunca
I am like my father.
(“be like” benzemek anlamındadır) wrap …up = sarmak; sonlandırmak
be wrapped into = -e sarılı
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

Occur
Take place (olmak, meydana gelmek) ____. In comparison, _______.
Come about
In comparison to / with NP, _______.
Only few (yanlış)
only a few (doğru) = few This job offers lots of opportunities.
This book offers ….
Only little (yanlış) (“offer” fiili “sunmak” anlamında genelde V1 olur)
only a little (doğru) = little
leave out = not include “Alike” yapısı 3 şekilde kullanılır.

They are alike / similar. (adj)
keep up with = aynı seviyede kalmak They behave alike / similarly. (adv)
Girls and boys alike = Both girls and boys
catch up with = aynı seviyeye gelmek
Be regarded as
sort out Be known as
figure out = çözümlemek; anlamak Be acknowledged as “..olarak görülmek”
work out Be recognized as
make out Be cited as
Be viewed as
stand for = symbolize
Get over
in charge of = responsible for Recover from “iyileşmek”
Pull through
take up with Get rid of
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER
make up for = compensate for The number of students is…

(“the number” yapısı “-nın sayısı” anlamındadır ve
with the weather being rainy, we stayed .. tekildir)
(farklı özneler olduğunda “with” ile kısaltma yapılır.
Bağlaç yerine “with” yazılır ve fiil normal kısaltma Generosity
kurallarına göre kısaltılır) Attitude
Sensitivity = to / toward
growth in (-da büyüme) Swing
growth of (-nın büyümesi)
Arise from
draw up (tasarlamak, hazırlamak) Result from “-den kaynaklanmak”
Stem from
be affiliated with (ile bağlantılı)
Eradicate
lucrative = profitable Stamp out “kökünü kazımak”
Wipe out
at a low ebb = çok kötü durumda Clear out
vulnerable Transform
susceptible to “-e karşı savunmasız/hassas” Convert into / to
sensitive Turn
Change
Pay attention to

To …. extent / degree Under the terms of

Under the orders of
As yet = şimdilik Under the supervision of ….
Under consideration
Whose is this book? Under construction
Whose book is this? (iki şekil de olur)
Parity with = “ile eşit”
Rather than = -mektense / -den ziyade Regardless of “-e bakmaksızın”
Instead of Irrespective of
In place of
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

Arise from
I wanted him to stay at home, but he did otherwise. Result from “-den kaynaklanmak”
(“otherwise” bir zarftır ve her yere gelir) Stem from
Clockwise / anti-clockwise
Get rid of “den kurtulmak”
Depend on / upon Get out of
Rely on / upon
At the expense of …. –nın zararına
Come up with (solution, idea, proposal…) each other = one another

produce
_____. In fact,
from 1920 to/till/until 1930 (zaman) Indeed,
As a matter of fact, _______.
from Ankara to Istanbul (yer) (bu yapılar bir önceki cümleyi vurgular)
She, if she studies hard, can pass the exam. (yan Shortcoming
cümlecik araya girebilir) Pitfall
Drawback
As you know, Flaw “eksiklik, kusur”
As far as I know, Disadvantage
So far as I know, __ Main Clause____. defect
(bu cümlede “know” fiilinin nesnesi olmasa da
devamına Noun Clause değil Main Clause gelir, I have no problem whatsoever with you.
çünkü bu yapılar bağlaçtır) (“whatsoever” yapıs olumsuz cümlede bir isimin
ardından gelir ve onu pekiştirir)
Pitfall
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER
Flaw Effect on
Shortcoming “eksiklik; kusur” Influence on
Defect Impact on
Drawback
Disadvantage I am of the opinion that …SVO…
Over Under consideration = düşünce aşamasında

For
During the last/past …(have/has V3) Take into consideration = göz önüne almak
In Take into account = hesaba katmak
Disease
Situation __in which__ SVO. Put into effect
Condition where (olabilir ama ilk tercih değildir) Put into use
Put into/onto market
"However" devamına sıfat ya da zarf alarak bağlaç
da olabilir. Önündeki cümleyle zıtlık kuran zarf olarak Go into effect
da kullanılabilir. Come into effect
However rich he is, he isn’t happy. (bağlaç)
(“-e rağmen” anlamında) ____ you know, I am a teacher.
He is rich; however, he isn’t happy. (zarf) (bu cümlede “know” fiilinin nesnesi olmasa day an
nevertheless cümlecik yapabilen “as”, “just as”, “as far as” ve
nonetheless “ama yine de” so far as” bağlaçları olabilir)

Some countries, such as / like Turkey, are… grant (v) bahşetmek, vermek
(örnekleme) grant (n) burs, yardım
In charge of = -den sorumlu play

Responsible for take a …role/part in
In advance = önceden
beforehand I am of the opinion that…
in confidence = confidential = gizli Be of…. –e haiz olmak; -e sahip olmak

in secrecy This agreement is of importance.
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

exploit = sömürmek; sonuna kadar kullanmak
Make out
Figure out
expose (v) maruz bırakmak
Find out anlamak, çözümlemek
Work out
Rather than
Sort out
Instead of -nın yerine/-den ziyade
In place of Take up
= hobiye başlamak/ zaman & yer doldurmak
I have just recognized how much is at stake.
take up with = zaman & yer doldurmak
(pabucun pahalı olduğunu anladım)
look down on = disdain = despise = scorn
Patrol (v) = gezinmek, dolaşmak
employ (v)
The table the leg of which is broken is in my room.
employer (n) işveren
(“of which” aitlik ifade edecekse önünde bu şekilde
employee (n) işçi
aralarında aitlik bağı olan iki Noun phrase olur)
employment (n)
unemployment (n)
I am like my father..
I look like my father.
Ban on
(gibi gözükmek, -e benzemek)
Prohibition on
Leave out = not include
Teem with “ile dolu olmak”
Abound in
As of 1920, ….itibariyle
Be full with
As from 1920,
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER
Be made up of
From 1920 on/onward/onwards, = -den itibaren
Be composed of
Be comprised of “-den oluşmak”
Ankara is centered (yer ifade ederken)
Consist of
located
Include
placed
situated Make up = : Uydurmak
: Makyaj yapmak
stand for = symbolize : oluşturmak
When he graduated from univeristy, …
send off = give off = emit = release
On/Upon graduating….,
On/Upon his graduation,
(“when” bağlacı “on/upon” edatları ile de kısaltılbailir)
One ….. . Another ….
Put …. into force/market/use
Two things ….. One … The other …
Come
comply with
Go into use/market/force
conform with “-e bağlı olmak”
abide by
Take something for granted
stick to
= önemsememek;
= bir şeyi görmezden gelmek;
turn out to V0

for this reason On a level

for a variety of reasons On a basis
On a scale
fall into disrepute = gözden düşmek
fall into disfavour To a large extent… = largely = büyük oranda
She is sure that ….. (Adj + that) Astounding

Comprehensive = etraflı, kapsamlı Staggering
Exhaustive Stunning “şaşırtıcı”
thorough appalling
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

compulsory at …pace (…hızında)
obligatory
mandatory Apart from
Besides
keep out = not enter As well as
leave out = not include In addition to killing germs, this vaccine also does
harm to the surrounding tissues.
wrap up = finish / sarmak
Conclusive = convincing = persuasive
The Sun rises… (doğar…)
Deal with
Be superior to (-e üstün olmak) Cope with
Tackle
Be inferior to (-den aşağı olmak) Handle
Trivial = unimportant = insignificant

“Alike” yapısı 3 şekilde kullanılabilir.
Medium, media
1) We are alike/similar.
2) Treat them alike/similarly. Be made up of
3) Girls and boys alike = both girls and boys Be comprised of -den oluşmak
Consist of
Put up with = tolerate = katlanmak; tolerans tanımak Include…
Catch up with = aynı seviyeyi yakalamak Be subject to

Keep up with = ayak uydurmak, aynı seviyede olmak Be exposed to
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER
Make out Impact on

Figure out “anlamak; çözümlemek” Influence on
Work out Effect on
Sort out
Find out Be regarded as
Be recognized as = olarak görülmek
Take after = resemble, look like Be cited as
Be known as
Let down = dissappoint Be acknowledged as
Work out Take care of = look after

Come up with “üretmek”
Produce Make up for = compensate for
Involuntary= impulsive = unintentional Keep up with

=-e ayak uydurmak, aynı seviyede kalmak
Bring about
Cause -“ile sonuçlanmak” Catch up with = -i yakalamak
Lead to
Result in Keep in touch with = irtibat halinde kalmak
give rise to Get in touch with = irtibata geçmek

This job offers lots of opportunities. apparently

(“offer” fiili “sunmak” anlamında genelde V1 olur) seemingly = görünüşe göre
it seems that
At the rate of… “-nın oranında”
be happy with
concur with =aynı zamana denk düşmek be pleased with
coincide with
fall into disfavor = gözden düşmek in danger of = -nın tehlikesinde

fall into disrepute
at the rate of = -nın oranında
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

My students differ in/in terms of age.
vary at temperature
range
as a result of
attitude as a consequence of
generosity because of = -den dolayı
sensitivity towards / to due to = -nın sayesinde
sympathy owing to
thanks to
Recover from on account of
Get over = iyileşmek
Pull through over
for
Carry out during the last/past …have/has V3..
Do an experiment, a research …. in
perform
abate
make out decrease “azalmak”
work out diminish
figure out “çözümlemek, anlamak” fall
find out
sort out She likes tea. I do, too. (olumlu katılım)
settle down = sakinleşmek; yerleşik düzene geçmek Quantity

Deal of ….+ “sayılamayan isimler)
bring about amount
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER
lead to
cause “-e sebep olmak”
result in the noun of noun
give rise to the leg of the table
contribute to
differ in size/colour
convert into vary in / in terms of
transform into “-e dönüştürmek” ……..
change into
turn into suggest
suspect that
in excess of = –nın fazlası; -den fazla imply
more than
significant wonder “that” almaz
important ask (sormak)
remarkable = dikkate değer
considerable susceptible to
outstanding vulnerable to “-e karşı savunmasız”
sensitive to
To the detriment of = -nın zararına take into account = hesaba katmak

take into consideration = dikkate almak
Detrimental to = -e zararlı

_______. Indeed Fall into disrepute = gözden düşmek

In fact Fall into disfavour
As a matter of fact, _______.
(bu yapılar bir önceki cümleyi vurgularlar) Proportinate to = ile orantılı
Be addicted to = -e bağımlı
Depend on / upon
Rely on/upon Difficulty
Trust / count on Trouble (in) Ving
Tend to Beyond borders… “sınırlar ötesinde”

Beyond recognition … tanınamayacak kadar
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

Be liable to
Be prone to -e yatkın, -e eğilimli One ……another
Be predisposed to
Successive On behalf of
Consecutive = ard arda In behalf of = -nın adına
Subsequent In the wake of
In the aftermath of = -nın ardından
Keep up with = aynı seviyede kalmak
Catch up with = aynı seviyeyi yakalamak Be of = -e haiz olmak; -e sahip olmak
This is of importance. = This is important.
Each student learns at a different pace.
Be regarded as
In the course of = -nın esnasında Be cited as = olarak görülmek
Be known as
Be compatible with… = ile uyumlu Be acknowledged as
Be recognized as
Make use of
Take advantage of -den faydalanmak Be prone to
Utilize Be liable to
Tend to “-e yatkın”
Incident = olay, vaka Be disposed to
Incidence = görülme sıklığı, insidans
Stamp out
Subsititution = replacement Wipe out
Eradicate “kökünü kazımak”
Respond to (v) Clear out
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER
Response to (n)
In response to = -e cevap olarak Evidence of / for
Keep Particularly
Involve Especially
Consider Ving alırlar Notably
Appreciate In particular
Enjoy………. Put on weight
Put/Place pressure on
Intend Put/Place importance on
Tend Put/Place emphasis on
Claim
Decide Come across
Seem to V0 alırlar Run into
Appear Bump into “şans eseri karşılaşmak”
Prove Meet by chance
Keep in touch with “ile temasta kalmak”

By means of Get in touch with “ile temasa geçmek”
By = vasıtasıyla
Through Be exposed to “-e maruz kalmış”
Via Be subject to

Affluent My aim is to be a successful business man.

Rich being
Prosperous (“be” fiilinden sonra tamamlayıcı olarak “to Vo” ya da
Developed “zengin” “Ving” gelebilir)
well-off
wealthy
Evidence of -nın kanıtı
disorder Evidence for
ailment
disease “hastalık, bozukluk”
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

illness Due to
defect Thanks to
impairment Because of
Owing to -den dolayıo
Unmistakably = istisnasız On account of
As a result of
Result from As a consequence of
Stem from “-den kaynaklanmak”
Arise from
Irrespective of -yı dikkate almadan
have something to do with = alaka var Regardless of
nothing = alaka yok
In order to
Turkey is getting more and more populated. So as to V0 “-mek için”
(bu yapıda genelde “be Ving” kullanılır) to
She has the same problems that I have with my property

parents. characteristics “özellik”
(“the same…as” yerine “the same …that” yapısı da feature
olabilir ama “that” yapısından sonra cümle gelir.)
in proportion to “-e oranla”
proportinate to
This is too difficult a quesiton.
(“Too” yapısı devamına sıfat ya da zarf alır. İsim proportion to “-e oranlı”
alması için bu şekilde “a/an” araya gelmelidir) proportion of… “-nın oranı”
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER
This city is supposed to have been founded in 1920. rank first “birinci sırada”
(pasif yapıdan sonra fiil “to Vo” olur. “To have V3” ise rank second “ikinci sırada”
eylem daha once olmuşsa kullanılır.)
light up = enlighten = aydınlatmak
make do with = ile yetinmek
Differ in / in terms of
Vary “…bakımından farklılık göstermek priority =privilege
Range
work out = geliştirmek (yol, yöntem..)
Die of
Die from -den ölmek help to Vo
Vo
Rampant = commonplace = yaygın
Considerable
Be confined to Remarkable
Be limited to =ile sınırlı Significant “dikkate değer oranda”
Be restricted to Important
Sensitive to “-e karşı savunmasız/hassas”

In the course of…..= -nın esnasında Vulnerable to
The course of our life…. = = hayatımızın gidişatı Susceptible to

Make … available to “ulaşılabilir kılmak” Be inclined to

Make … accessible to Tend to
Be prone to “-e yatkın”
Alleviate Be liable to
Diminish Be disposed to
Decrease “azaltmak; azalmak”
Abate Rely on
Fall Depend on
Count on*
Recover from
“-den iyileşmek”
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

Get over Make out
Pull through Figure out
Find out
Work out *
Look over = look through = göz gezdirmek Sort out *
Make do with = ile idare etmek Look down on

Humiliate
Keep up with = aynı seviyede kalmak İnsult
Catch up with = aynı seviyeyi yakalamak Deal with*

Cope with
Decrease in Tackle
Fall in “-de düşüş” Handle
Increase in….. Overcome
Disease Jeopordize
Situation Endanger
Condition in which SVO Put into danger
Infection
Make up for
Compensate for
An increase in prices by 5%...
Decay
Decompose
Carry out deteriorate
Conduct a research/a survey/an experiment…
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER
Do make up
Perform account for
Spot bear out

Point where SVO justify
rectify
Process by which / whereby / through which prove
Wonder (bu fiilller “that” almaz) be composed of

Ask be made up of
contain
Comprehensive = exhaustive = thorough include
consitute
As to be comprised of
As for “-e gelince, söz konusu …olunca”
look after = take care of
As regards
Regarding
(be) concern(ed) for
With regard to
over
about
As well as
In addition to NP, _______. be concerned with
Besides

send off Particularly = in particular

emit Partly = in part
release
send out Attack on
give off Assault on
Adhere …to…
seem Attach … to…
appear to Vo
prove
Pay attention to…
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

abide by
conform with Occur
stick to Take place
comply with Come about
Arise
by
via
by means of Shortage
through Lack
Absence of
fall into disrepute Paucity
fall into disfavour
Ayşe lacks in this ability.
teem with Replace
be full with Supplant
abound in
be stuck with
İn the course of = -nın esnasında
chiefly
mainly
largely Recruit…. for a position
to a large extent Hire
Employ
Put pressure on
Exert However rich he is, he isn’t happy.
However we travel, we cannot get there on time.
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER
Put up with = tolerate

Conceive
Cut back on = decrease Gestate = become pregnant
Bring off = achieve, succeed Vulnerable to

Susceptible to
Come across Sensitive to
Bump into
Meet by chance
İn excess = more than needed
İn excess of = more than
He based his theory on a recent development. At cost…
His theory is based on…

Smell
Considerable Look
Remarkable Feel like + noun
Significant Sound
Noticeable taste
ten-fold = ten times

Essentially = in esence

look forward to = long for Noticeable

Significant
assign = appoint İmportant
Susceptible Rely on,

Vulnerable to Depend on
Sensitive Count on * (trust)
Descendant
Make out
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

Expose = unearth = uncover = disclose Figure out
Take ___ for granted Work out *
Underestimate Find out
Write off Sort out*
Relatively = comparatively Carry out

Do
Permanently Conduct
Perpetually Perform
Perennially
Costantly
Continually in danger
At risk
Ready for… At the rate of…
Responsible for… (Be) Concern(ed) for

over
Confide in … about
Be concerned with
Pull through
Get over
Recover impact on
effect on
influence on
…Much..to my surprise/amazement,….
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER
Much…..to the surprise of them, …….. at temperature
I was suprised at/by…..

alleviate
abate
Allocate diminish
Allot decrease
Allow
play role in
take role in
Medium - media
Datum – data play part in
take part in
Harmful to insult
Detrimental to humiliate
To the detriment of look down on
Look after = take care of vulnerable to

susceptible to
Remarkable sensitive to
Considerable

pull through Affluent

recover from Wealthy
get over Rich
Well-off
transform
change Occur
convert into Take place
turn Come about
Arise / arose (V2)
in the course of = -nın esnasında
arouse = uyandırmak
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

put out = extinguish Be restricted to
Be limited to
Be confined to
ten-folds = ten times Be constrained by
make use of
take advantage of Put pressure on
utilize Exert
Culminate in
fall – fell – fallen Result in
feel – felt – felt Lead to
Bring about
deal with Cause
tackle Give rise to
cope with
overcome Work out = come up with
handle
Comfortable
fall into disrepute At ease
fall into disfavour Complacent
lay emphasis on = attach importance to With ease = easily

put
Blast = explosion
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER
put pressure on Come across

Bump into
treatment Meet by chance
medication Run into
remedy
in proportion to Keep in touch with

proportionate to
Get in touch with
in the aftermath of Look forward to = long for
in the wake of
Seem
Appear to Vo
negligible = trivial = unimportant Prove
Result from
be prone to Stem from
tend to Arise from
be liable to
be inclined to
be disposed to Remedy
Be exposed to Medication
Be subject to Treatment

Research Bacteria bacterium

Study in/into Data datum
İnquiry Media medium
investigation
Conceive = gestate = become pregnant
as for
as to Perpetually
as regards Permanently = sürekli olarak
regarding Perennially
with regard to Constantly
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

indulge in…
Precisely = accurately
in danger of
at risk Look through = look over
relatively Be responsible for

comparatively Be in charge of
rampant Out of print = baskısı bitmiş

prevalent
predominant Seem
common Prove to Vo = …gibi görünmek
widespread Appear
Obscure =karmaşık, belirsiz

die of İntricate
die from
Wipe out
stripped of nutrients = besinden arınmış Eradicate =kökünü kazımak, yok etmek
Stamp out
Clear out
a key factor in… Ving
a major factor in … Make out
pandemic Find out
epidemic Figure out
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER
Work out* = come up with

endemic =local Sort out* = to put into categories
regardless of = irrespective of Take after = resemble = benzemek
The secret lies in/is here…

İnfluence
The responsibility lies with/belongs to the company. İmpact on =…üstüne etki
effect
Vulnerable to
Susceptible to
Sensitive to let down = disappoint = hayal kırıklığına uğratmak
significant
Endanger = jeopordize = put into danger important
remarkable =önemli, dikkate değer oranda
noticeable
Alleviate considerable
Diminish
Abate insignificant
Decrease trivial = önemsiz
Decline…. unimportant

arise from be taken for granted = önemsenmemek

result from = -den kaynaklanmak go unappreciated
stem from
arise be inclined to
take place be prone to
coma about = olmak, meydana gelmek tend to = …-ya eğilimli
occur be liable to
Backward = retarded = geri kalmış

take over = assume = üstlenmek
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

Catch up with = aynı seviyeye çıkmak
make up = account for = oluşturmak Keep up with = aynı seviyede kalmak
make up = invent = uydurmak
Conceive
seek Gestate = gebe kalmak
search for = …yı aramak Become pregnant
look for
Under control… = kontrol altında
on a scale =…ölçekte Control over…. = …üstünde kontrol
on a level =…seviyede
on a basis =…temelde Formerly = previously = once = in the past
astounding Consistent with…. = ile tutarlı

staggering
stunning = şaşırtıcı Coincide with = ile denk düşmek
appalling Fall into disrepute
amazing Fall into disfavour = gözden düşmek
cope with A number of = numerous = scores of = birçok

deal with *
tackle = üstesinden gelmek, alt etmek Intervene = interfere with = araya girmek
overcome
handle With ease = easily = kolayca
At ease = comfortable = rahat
be made up of
be comprised of = -den oluşmak Commodity = goods = things = eşya, mal
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER
be composed of
constitute unparalleled
unprecedented = eşsiz,
profound = derin unique
deep
so far = up to now = to date = hitherto = bu güne
kadar
influence
impact on = …üzerine etki
effect triumph over… = -e galip gelmek
capital punishment = death penalty = ölüm cezası
medium = means = vasıta, araç, yol
media (çoğul) = vasıtalar abolish
revoke
evidence of = -nın kanıtı annul = kanunu yürürlükten kaldırmak
evidence for repeal
teem with neutral

abound in = ile dolu olmak impartial = tarafsız
be full with unbiased
be stuck with,
embark on/upon = commence = start

confer on/upon = give honor to… so far = up to now = to date = hitherto

= attach importance to…
triumph over… = -e galip gelmek

discrepancy
difference = farklılık capital punishment = death penalty
inconsistency = tutarsızlık abolish

revoke
be noted for annul
be known for = ile ünlü
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

repeal
be famous for
neutral
intimidate = frighten = korkutmak impartial
unbiased
once alive = dead = ölü
embark on/upon = commence = start
Arise
Take place confer on/upon = give honor to…
Occur = olmak, meydana gelmek = attach importance to…
Come about
Emerge* discrepancy
Make use of difference
Take advantage of = -den faydalanmak inconsistency
Utilize
be noted for
Backward = retarded be known for
be famous for
Catch up with = aynı seviyeye çıkmak
Keep up with = aynı seviyede kalmak intimidate = frighten
Conceive intimate = once alive = dead

Gestate
Become pregnant
Arise
Under control… Take place
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER
Control over…. Occur

Come about
Formerly = previously = once = in the past Emerge*
Consistent with…. = ile tutarlı Make use of

Take advantage of
Coincide with = ile denk düşmek Utilize
Fall into disrepute I don’t love you any longer/any more.
Fall into disfavour = gözden düşmek
A number of = numerous = scores of I have no more questions.

I don’t have any more questions.
Intervene = interfere with
All (that) I need is some love.
With ease = easily (Noun Clause yapabilen tek determiner “all”
At ease = comfortable yapısıdır.)
Commodity = goods = things

Regardless of = Irrespective of
unparalleled = …dikkate almadan, hesaba katmadan
unprecedented
unique

_____. Meanwhile, _____ (bu arada) From…on / onward / onwards

In the meantime,
Besides Take part/role/place in

As well as Play
Apart from
In addition to killing the germs, this vaccine also kils Besides
the healthy cells. In addition to ..NP., ___also____
(-nın yanı sıra) As well as
Apart from
_____. Moreover, _____ (Bunun yanı sıra)
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

Further, in advance = beforehand = önceden
Furthermore
Besides
In addition Make up for = compensate for
in advance = beforehand = önceden
largely because / due to /..etc.

partly
as for
as to
as regards = -e gelince, -- bakımından
regarding
with regard to
This product doesn’t receive the recognition it

deserves.
Since + Ving / V3 (kısaltma), __have/has V3_____
Reflexive Pronouns:
ENGLISH EXAM CENTER
Myself, herself…
By + reflexive; I did it by myself / on my own.
For + reflexive = See it for yourself. (1.el tanıklık)
I myself cooked this cake.

I saw Ahmet himself.
One of …… Another / The other….
No /not….. but to Vo
Be about to V0 = I am about to die.

Be due to V0 = The film is due to.
This question is of importance. (sahiplik var / has) =

is important.
Company (n) = eşlik

Accompany (v) = eşlik etmek

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ENGLISH EXAM CENTER - YDS DERS NOTLARI

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Evidence for (-nın kanıtı) Shortcoming

_____ I could. Nesnesi eksik bir yan cümlecik bu üç bağlaç

as …as ______. (“But” bağlacı bu tür kullanımda “hariç” anlamı verip

Bütün adaylara YDS'de başarılar dileriz! Sayfa 1

Instead of Process by which SVO

ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

Take into account (hesaba katmak)

(“Bağlaç+yan cümlecik” bu şekilde ana cümleciğin

Spot (Bu cümlede hem özneyi hem de tamamlayıcıyı Noun

Bütün adaylara YDS'de başarılar dileriz! Sayfa 2

Whereby = by means of which Seem

ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

bazen ilk cümlenin sonuna sadece virgül geldiği de As regards

Bütün adaylara YDS'de başarılar dileriz! Sayfa 3

If not necessary, __SVO__. (zorunlu olmasa da.) (“If Research on

ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

My doctor gave me a recipe. And I eat everything

Be Composed of “-den oluşmak”

Prevelance (n) “yaygınlık”

Whether tek başına kullanıldığında “olup olmadığı” Sensitive to

Bütün adaylara YDS'de başarılar dileriz! Sayfa 4

Convert He won the lottery, thereby becoming the richest

ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

Process Result from = stem from

Abolish = revoke = annul = repeal (yürürlükten

… “in” edatı olur) sakinleştirmek

Stray off –den sapmak Subsequently

Bütün adaylara YDS'de başarılar dileriz! Sayfa 5

play Commonplace = widespread “yaygın”

ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

Compensate for == Make up for “tazmine tmek, two-thirds (2/3)

telafi etmek, karşılamak” one-third (1/3)

Bütün adaylara YDS'de başarılar dileriz! Sayfa 6

The + noun + of + noun By + reflexive

ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

______. In contrast, ___ (bunun aksine) Compensate for

Bütün adaylara YDS'de başarılar dileriz! Sayfa 7

irrespective of + NP = ...-ya bakmaksızın pertaining to = related to

ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

Be regarded as (pasif) spend …on

As it is in the others, ….. __much___ To their surprise/amazement

The + noun …”of ”… + noun

I am surprised at/by point

Bütün adaylara YDS'de başarılar dileriz! Sayfa 8

make use of Some countries, such as Turkey, are….

ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

if not necessary = zorunlu olmasa da She is at home and is sleeping.

perpetual It lasted for 3 years

Such countries as Turkey….. (örnekleme) attack on

Flagging As regards söz konusu … olunca

Bütün adaylara YDS'de başarılar dileriz! Sayfa 9

When he graduated from university, … by means of

ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

leave out = not include “Alike” yapısı 3 şekilde kullanılır.

make up for = compensate for The number of students is…

Bütün adaylara YDS'de başarılar dileriz! Sayfa 10

To …. extent / degree Under the terms of

ENGLISH EXAM CENTER

Come up with (solution, idea, proposal…) each other = one another

Over Under consideration = düşünce aşamasında

If not necessary, SVO. (zorunlu olmasa da.) (“If Research on

____. In contrast, _ (bunun aksine) Compensate for

As it is in the others, ….. much_ To their surprise/amazement