REVIEWER IN SCIENCE 9 THREE TYPES OF VEINS

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM 1. Inferior Vena Cava – where the blood

enters the heart from the body. COLLECTS
- Keeps the body working by delivering oxygen to
BLOOD FROMO LOWER PART OF THE
body cells and removing waste from the cells.
BODY
HEART is divided into 4 chambers. 2. Superior Vena Cava – where the blood
enters the heart from the body. HEAD
1. Left Atrium 3. Pulmonary Vein – carries blood-containing
2. Right Atrium oxygen from your lungs to your heart.
3. Left Ventricle
4. Right Ventricle

FOUR VALVES OF THE HEART

1. Right Semi Lunar Valve – right ventricle
fills before releasing the blood into the
pulmonary artery.
2. Left Semi Lunar Valve – blood fill in the left
ventricle before sending it to the aorta.
3. Septum – divides the heart in half. ARTERIES – takes blood away
4. Tricuspid Valve – lets the blood fill in the
TWO TYPES OF ARTERIES
right atrium before it enters the right
ventricle. 1. Aorta – largest blood vessel in the heart.
5. Bicuspid Valve - lets the blood fill in the left 2. Pulmonary Artery – carries blood
atrium before it enters the left ventricle. containing carbon dioxide from your heart to
your lungs.

THREE KINDS OF BLOOD VESSELS

A. ARTERIES – carries blood away from the
heart.
B. VEINS – carries blood back to the heart.
C. CAPILLARIES – delivers low – oxygen
blood to veins (smallest).
BLOOD
FUNCTION OF BLOOD
- Deliver O2
- Remove metabolic wastes
- Maintain temperature, pH and fluid volume
- Protection from blood loss platelets
- Prevent infection – antibodies and WBC
- Transport hormones
FORMED ELEMENTS OF THE BLOOD – 45%
a. Erythrocytes (red blood cells)
- Anucleate
- Function is to transport respiratory gases
- 1 RBC contains 280 million hemoglobin
molecules
- Men – 5 million cells/mm3
- Women – 4.5 million cells/mm3
- Life span 100-120 days and then destroyed in
spleen (RBC graveyard)
b. Leukocytes (white blood cells)
- 4000 – 11,000 cells/mm3
- GRANULOCYTES
a. Neutrophils – 40 -70 %
b. Eosinophils – 1-4%
c. Basophils - <1%
- AGRANULOCYTES
a. Monocytes – 4-8%
b. Lymphocytes – 20-45%
c. Platelets (thrombocytes)
BLOOD PLASMA COMPONENTS – 55%
90% water
8% solutes:
- Proteins
a. Albumin (60%)
b. Alpha and Beta Globulins
c. Gamma Globulins
d. fibrinogens
- Gas
- Electrolytes
- Organic Nutrients
a. Carbohydrates
b. Amino acids
c. Lipids
d. Vitamins
- Hormones
- Metabolic waste
a. CO2
b. Urea
What are the parts of the respiratory
system?
The respiratory system has many different
parts that work together to help you breathe.
Each group of parts has many separate
components.
Your airways deliver air to your lungs. Your
airways are a complicated system that includes
your:
 Nasal Cavity (Mouth and
nose): Openings that pull air from
outside your body into your respiratory
system.
 Sinuses: Hollow areas between the
bones in your head that help regulate
the temperature and humidity of the air
you inhale.
 Pharynx (throat): Tube that delivers air
from your mouth and nose to the
trachea (windpipe).
 Trachea: Passage connecting your
throat and lungs.
 Bronchial tubes: Tubes at the bottom
of your windpipe that connect into each
lung.
 Lungs: Two organs that remove oxygen
from the air and pass it into your blood.
From your lungs, your bloodstream delivers
oxygen to all your organs and other tissues.
Muscles and bones help move the air you
inhale into and out of your lungs. Some of the
bones and muscles in the respiratory system
include your:
 Diaphragm: Muscle that helps your
lungs pull in air and push it out.
 Ribs: Bones that surround and protect
your lungs and heart.
When you breathe out, your blood carries
carbon dioxide and other waste out of the
body. Other components that work with the
lungs and blood vessels include:
 Alveoli: Tiny air sacs in the lungs where
the exchange of oxygen and carbon
dioxide takes place.
 Bronchioles: Small branches of the
bronchial tubes that lead to the alveoli.
 Capillaries: Blood vessels in the alveoli
walls that move oxygen and carbon
dioxide.
 Lung lobes: Sections of the lungs —
three lobes in the right lung and two in
the left lung.
 Pleura: Thin sacs that surround each
lung lobe and separate your lungs from
the chest wall.
Some of the other components of your
respiratory system include:
 Cilia: Tiny hairs that move in a wave-
like motion to filter dust and other
irritants out of your airways.
 Epiglottis: Tissue flap at the entrance
to the trachea that closes when you
swallow to keep food and liquids out of
your airway.
 Larynx (voice box): Hollow organ that
allows you to talk and make sounds
when air moves in and out.
EXERCISES
ENUMERATION.
A. 4 CHAMBERS OF THE HEART
1.
2.
3.
4.
B. 3 KINDS OF BLOOD VESSELS
1.
2.
3.
C. 2 TYPES OF ARTERIES
1.
2.
D. 4 VALVES OF THE HEART
1.
2.
3.
4.
E. 3 TYPES OF VEINS
1.
2.
3.
IDENTIFICATION.
1. Keeps the body working by delivering oxygen to
body cells and removing waste from the cells.
______________________________________
2. largest blood vessel in the heart. ___________
3. divides the heart in half. __________________
4. carries blood away from the heart. __________
5. delivers low – oxygen blood to veins (smallest).
______________________________________
6. carries blood back to the heart. _____________
7. carries blood-containing oxygen from your lungs
to your heart. ___________________________
8. where the blood enters the heart from the body.
______________________________________
9. carries blood containing carbon dioxide from
your heart to your lungs. __________________
10. It lets the blood fill in the right atrium before it
enters the right ventricle. __________________