Cell Structure 2

Recognise organelles and other cell structures found in

eukaryotic cells and outline their structures and functions,
limited to:
• cell surface membrane
• nucleus, nuclear envelope and nucleolus
• mitochondria (including the presence of small circular
DNA)
• chloroplast
membrane
bound
nucleus
 Cell Surface Membrane / Plasma Membrane

Control exchange of material

“ Partially permeable ” between cells and environment

phospholipid
 Cytoplasm

Aqueous (watery) material with jelly like

consistency and organelles within it
Membrane bound
organelles
✓ Nucleus
✓ Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
✓ Mitochondria ✓ Smooth Endoplasmic
Reticulum
✓ Chloroplast
✓ Golgi body
✓ Lysosome
✓ Vacuoles
 Non-membrane bound organelles
Centriole

Cytoskeleton

Ribosome
Non-membrane bound Membrane bound
A
Organelles
B
Organelles Single membrane
bound organelles

Double membranes
bound organelles
 Name of Nucleus Mitochondria Chlloroplast
organelle
Structure • Largest organelle
description • Mostly spherical
• Intensively stained visible
under microscope
Components • Cristae (inner membrane ) Carry out photosynthesis
• Matrix (gel-like interior of
mitochondria)
• Circular DNA
Function

Diagram
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 Nucleus
✓ Largest cell organelle

✓ Nucleolus/nucleoli :
• round body inside the nucleus
• contains own DNA that
encodes ribosomes
Nuclear Pores:
allow and control exchange
between nucleus and
cytoplasm
Outer membrane of the nuclear envelope is continuous with the endoplasmic
reticulum (ER)
* Nucleus of the cell contains the DNA.
The DNA controls the form, function, and growth of the cell.