INDICES & LOGARITHMS

Evaluate
log 5 (125) 3
log1/5 (125)    3
1.
log1/5 (125) [ log 5 (1/ 5) 1 ]
ANSWER: -3
log 2 32 5
log16 32  
log16 32 log 2 16 4
2. [ ]
ANSWER: 5/4
log 3 3 1
log81 3  
3.
log81 3 [ log 3 81 4 ]

PREAMBLE: Given that log2 = 0.301 and log3 = 0.477 evaluate

1. log24
ANSWER: 1.380
[log24 = log8 + log 3 = 3log2 + log3 = 3(0.301) + 0.477 = 0.903 + 0.477 =
1.380]
2. log36
ANSWER: 1.556
[log36 = log4 + log 9 = 2log2 + 2log3 = 2(0.301) + 2(0.477) = 2(0.778) = 1.556]
3. log(9/4)
ANSWER: 0.352
[log9 – log4 = 2log3 – 2log2 = 2(0.477 – 0.301) = 2(0.176) = 0.352]
PREAMBLE: Evaluate the numerical expression
1.
ANSWER: 16
[ ]
2.
ANSWER: 1/125
[
4/5
3. 243
ANSWER: 81
[[2434/5 = (24315)4 = 34 = 81]
1. Find the number of subsets of a set of 4 elements.
ANSWER: 16 [24 = 16]
2. Find the number of proper subsets of a set of 4 elements.
ANSWER: 15 [24 – 1 = 16 – 1 = 15]
 3. Find the number of proper non-empty subsets of a set of 4 elements.
ANSWER: 14 [24 – 2 = 16 – 2 = 14]
Preamble: Express as a single logarithm
1. Evaluate 10log10

ANSWER: 10 (Let 10log10 = x, hence logx = log10, and x = 10)

2. Evaluate log9 27

ANSWER: 3/2 (let log927 = x, hence 27 = 9x =32x, hence 3 = 2x and x = 3/2)

3. Evaluate log64 16

ANSWER: 2/3 (let x = log6416, hence 16 = 64x, and 42 = 43x, 3x = 2 and x = 2/3)

1. 3loga – 2log(ab) + logb2

3 2
a ×b
ANSWER: loga [log 2 2
=loga ]
a b

2. 2log(xy) – 3logx - logy

2 2
y x y
ANSWER: log ( ) [log =log ⁡( y / x)]
x 3
x y
3. log(ab ) + 2loga – loga2b
2

2 2
a b ×a
ANSWER: log (ab) 2
=log ⁡(ab)]
[log
a b
PREAMBLE: Express as logarithm of a single number.
1. 2 – 3log2
ANSWER:log(25/2) [log100 – log8 = log(100/8) = log(25/2)]
2. 1 + 2log54
ANSWER: log(250) [log10 + log25 = log250]
3. 3 – 2log5
ANSWER: log40 [log1000 – log25 = log(1000/25) = log(40)]
4. Solve for n, given 33n + 2 = 243

ANSWER: n = 1 (243 = 35, hence 3n + 2 = 5, and n = 1)

5. Solve for n, if 42n – 1 = 1/64

ANSWER: n = - 1 (1/64 = 4-3, hence 2n – 1 = -3, and n = -1

6. Find n, given that 5-2n + 3 = 125

ANSWER: n = 0 (125 = 53, hence -2n + 3 = 3, and n= 0

PREAMBLE: Solve for x
1. 8x = 32
ANSWER: x = 5/3 [23x = 25, 3x = 5, x = 5/3]
2. x-3 = (8/27)
ANSWER: x = 3/2 [x3 = 27/8 = (3/2)3, x = 3/2]
3. 2x = 1/16
ANSWER: x = -4 [2x = 16-1 = 2-4, x = -4]
Express as a single logarithm
1. log3 + 3log2 – 3log4

ANSWER: log(3/8) [ log(3.23/43) = log(24/64) = log(3/8) ]

2. log125 – log75 +3log3

ANSWER: log45 [log(125/75) + log27 = log[(5/3)(27)] = log45

3. Simplify log(625)/log(125)

ANSWER: 4/3 [log(54)/log(53) =4log5/3log5 =4/3]

If log5 = a and log 3 = b, find in terms of a and b

1. log 75

ANSWER: 2a + b [log75 = log25 + log3 = 2log5 + log3 = 2a + b]

2. log (9/125)

ANSWER: 2b – 3a [log9 – log125 = log32 – log53= 2log3 – 3log5 = 2b – 3a ]

3. log(125/81)

ANSWER: 3a – 4b [log125 – log81 = log53 – log34 = 3log5 – 4log3 = 3a – 4b]

1. If log 9 = 0.954, and log 2 = 0.301, find log 1.8

ANSWER: 0.255
[log18 = log 9 + log 2 = 0.954 + 0.301= 1.255, hence log 1.8 = 0.255]
2. Given that log a = 0.527 and log b = 0.752, evaluate log (a2b)

ANSWER: 1.806
[log(a2b) = 2log a + log b = 2(0.527) + 0.752 = 1.054 + 0.752 = 1.806 ]
3. Given that log a = 0.527 and log b = 0.752, find log(a2/b)

ANSWER: 0.302
[2loga – log b = 2(0.527) – 0.752 = 1.054 – 0.752 = 0.302]
PREAMBLE:Find the inverse of the function:
1. y = 3x
ANSWER: y = log3x or y = logx/log3 [x = 3y, y = log3x, or y = logx/log3]
2. y = log2x
ANSWER: y = 2x [x = log2y, y = 2x]
3. y = log5(x + 1)
ANSWER: y = 5x – 1 [x = log5(y + 1), y + 1 = 5x, y = 5x – 1]
PREAMBLE: Solve the logarithmic equation.
1. logx + log(x + 2) = log8
ANSWER: x = 2 [x(x + 2) = 8, x2 + 2x – 8 = 0, (x + 4)(x – 2) = 0, x = 2]
2. logx = 1 – log(x – 3)
ANSWER: x = 5 [x(x – 3) = 10, x2 – 3x – 10 = 0, (x – 5)(x + 2) = 0, x =
5]
3. log(x + 36 )– logx = 1
ANSWER: x = 4 [(x + 36)/x = 10, (x + 36) = 10x, 36 = 9x, x = 4]
Preamble: Express the number in scientific notation
1. 0.000754
ANSWER: 7.54 x 10-4

2. 972,000,000
ANSWER: 9.72 x 108

3. 0.00000678
ANSWER: 6.78 x 10-6

Preamble: Write the expression as a single logarithm and simplify

1. log(x2 - 16) – log(x - 4)
(x−4)(x +4 )
ANSWER: log(x + 4) [log =log ⁡( x + 4)]
( x−4 )
2. 2logx – 3logy
2 2
x 2 3 x
ANSWER: log ⁡( 3 ) [log x −log y =log ⁡( 3 )]
y y
3. 3logx + 2logy
Fill in the blank

1. The structure of the nucleus is bounded a spherical membrane called __________.

ANSWER: Nuclear Envelope
2. Given that log a= 5 and log b = 3, find a/b

ANSWER: 100 [ a = 105, b = 103, hence a/b = 105/103 = 102 = 100]

3. Given that log a = -2 and log b = 3, find ab.

ANSWER: 10 [ a = 10-2 and b = 103, hence ab = 10-2103= 101 = 10

4. Given that log a = ½ , and log b = 1/3, evaluate a2/b3

ANSWER: 1 [ a = 101/2, a2 = 10 b = 101/3, b3 = 10, hence a2/b3 = 10/10 = 1]

. 2.35
ANSWER: 106/45
Solution: Let x=2.35 , 10 x=23 .5 and 100 x=235 .5
212 106
x= =
90 x=235 .5− 23 .5 = 212, 90 45
6. 10.7
ANSWER: 97/9
Solution: Let x=10.7 , 10 x=107 .7 , hence 9 x=107−10=97
x=97 /9
Solve for x if
(2 x  4)
1. 3  9 x

ANSWER: x = 1 [ 3(2x – 4) =3 -2x, 2x – 4 = -2x, hence 4x = 4 and x =

1]
2

2. 2  16
x x

ANSWER: x = 0, x = 4 [ x2 = 4x , hence x = 0, 4 ]
3. 27  9
x ( x1)

ANSWER: x = -2 [ 3x = 2(x – 1), hence x = -2

1. If x  log a y , express y in terms of a and x

ANSWER: y  a
x

2. If log x y  1 , express y in terms of x

ANSWER: y = 1/x or y = x-1
log5 25
3. valuate 5

ANSWER: 25 [Let 5
log5 25
 x , hence log525 = log5x and x = 25]
Solve the equation for x

1 42x - 3 = 16-2x + 1
ANSWER: x = 5/6 [2x - 3 = 2(-2x + 1), 6x = 3 + 2, x = 5/6]

2 33x + 2 = 9x + 2
ANSWER: x = 2 [3x + 2 = 2(x + 2), x = 4 – 2 = 2]

3 74x = 49 x - 2
ANSWER: x = -2 [4x = 2(x - 2), 2x = -4, x = -2]

Solve the exponential equation for x. [ Leave answer in terms of logarithms where necessary]

1 5x = 7 [xlog5 = log7, x = log7/log5 ]

ANSWER: x = log7/log5

2 10x = 8 [x = log8]
ANSWER: x = log8

3 5x = 1/125 [5x = 1/125 = 5-3, x = -3]

ANSWER: x = -3
Solve the equation for x

1 53x – 2 = 625
ANSWER: x = 2 [53x – 2 = 54, 3x – 2 = 4, 3x = 6, x = 2]

2 63x - 3 = 216
ANSWER: x = 2 [63x - 3 = 63, 3x – 3 = 3, 3x = 6, x = 2]

3 32x + 2 = 81
ANSWER: x = 1 [32x + 2 = 34, 2x + 2 = 4, 2x = 2, x = 1]

1 Given a = log5 and b = log3, express log75 in terms of a and b.

ANSWER: 2a + b [ 75 = 52(3), log75 = log52 + log3 = 2log5 + log3 = 2a + b]
2/3
1. (27 / 64)
ANSWER: 16/9 [(27/64)-2/3 = (64/27)2/3 = [ (64/27)1/3]2 = (4/3)2 = 16/9
2. (125/8)-4/3
ANSWER: 16/125 [(125/8)-4/3 = (8/125)4/3 = [(8/125)1/3]4 = (2/5)4 = 16/625]
3. (256/81)-3/4
ANSWER: 27/64 [(256/81)-4/3 = (81/256)4/3 = [(81/256)1/4]3 = (3/4)3 = 27/64
Solve the equation for x
1. log(3x + 4) = log(x – 1) + log4
[log(3x + 4) = log4(x – 1), 3x + 4 = 4x – 4, hence x = 8]
ANSWER: x = 8
2. log(2x + 6) – log5 = log(x – 3)
[log(2x + 6) = log(5(x – 3), 2x + 6 = 5x – 15, hence 3x = 21]
ANSWER: x = 21

3. log(3x + 7) = log(x + 5) + log2

[log(3x + 7) = log2(x + 5), 3x + 7 = 2x + 10, hence x = 3 ]
 ANSWER: x = 3
3 105
3
 3.75 10n
1. If 8  10 , find the value of n
ANSWER: n = 7 [(3/8)(108) = (0.375)(108 =3.75 x 107 ]
7.5 104
7
 3.0 10n
2. If 0.25  10 , find the value of n.
ANSWER: n = 5 [(7.5/0.25)(103) = (30)104 = 3.0 x 105 ]
Reduce the equation to linear form
1. y = axn [logy = loga + nlogx
ANSWER: Y = mX + C where Y = logy, X = logx, C = loga, m = n
2. y = abx [logy = loga + xlogb
ANSWER: Y = mX + C where Y = logy, m = logb, X = x, C = loga
3. y = ax2 + b

ANSWER : 76/5 [ (76)1/5 = 76/5]

2
ANSWER: 104/3 [(104)1/3 = 104/3]

3
ANSWER: 23-5/4[ (23-5)1/4 = 23-5/4]
ANSWER: Y = mX + C, where Y =y, X = x2, m = a, C = b
3 Solve for x: log(x + 5) – log(x – 3) = log2
ANSWER: x = 11 [ (x + 5)/(x – 3) = 2, x + 5 = 2(x – 3), x = 5 + 6 = 11]

1 Find all real solutions for x, given x2/3 = 2

ANSWER: x = ±2√2 [ x2 = (2)3 = 8, x = ±√8 = ±2√2]
3 Evaluate log19(27)/log19(3)
ANSWER: 3 [ log19(27)/log193 = 3log193/log193 = 3]

1 Find all real solutions for x, given x2/3 = 2

ANSWER: x = ±2√2 [ x2 = (2)3 = 8, x = ±√8 = ±2√2]
3 Evaluate log19(27)/log19(3)
ANSWER: 3 [ log19(27)/log193 = 3log193/log193 = 3]

Write the expression as a single logarithm: logx + log(x2 – 1) – log(x – 1) + log 5.

ANSWER: log(5x(x + 1)) [ log[5x(x2 – 1)/(x – 1)] = log(5x(x + 1)) ]
Evaluate

1. (log 7 625)(log 5 49) [(log754)(log572) = 4(log75)(2log57) = 4(2)(log75)(log57) = 8]

ANSWER: 8
 (log 5 64)(log 4 125)
2. [(log543)(log453) = (3log54)(3log45) = 9(log54)(log45) = 9 ]
ANSWER: 9
(log 2 81)(log 9 8)
3. [(log292)(log923) = (2log29)(3log92) =6(log29)(log92) = 6 ]
ANSWER: 6
Evaluate
log 5 (125) 3
log1/5 (125)    3
4. log1/5 (125) [ log 5 (1/ 5) 1 ]
ANSWER: -3
log 2 32 5
log16 32  
5. log16 32 [ log 2 16 4 ]
ANSWER: 5/4
log 3 3 1
log 81 3  
log81 3 log 3 81 4 ]
6. [
ANSWER: ¼
2 Expresslogx – 3logy + 2logz – logt as the log of a single term.
ANSWER: log(xz2/y3t)

1 If f(x) = 10x and g(x) = logx, evaluate f(g(5))

ANSWER: 5 [ 10log5 = 5]

Solve the logarithmic equation log(x + 5) + log(x + 2) = log14x

ANSWER: x = 5, 2
[ (x + 5)(x + 2) = 14x, x2 + 7x + 10 = 14x, x2 – 7x + 10 = 0,(x - 5)(x – 2) = 0, x = 5, 2]

3 Simplifylogab × logba
ANSWER: 1
[(logab)(1/logab) = 1]

Given that x = 2p and y = 4q,

1 express 4xy as a power of 2,
ANSWER: 2(2+ p + 2q)
[4xy = 222p22q = 2(2 + p + 2q)]

2 find log2x2y3 in terms of p and q,

ANSWER: 2p + 6q
[x2y3 = 22p23(2q) = 2(2p + 6q), hence log2x2y3 = 2p + 6q]

3 find log4x2y3 in terms of p and q.

ANSWER : p + 3q
[x2 = 2p2p43q = 4p43q = 4p + 3q , hence log4x2y3 = p + 3q]
Solve the equation for x

1 log3(x + 2) + log3(x + 10) = 2log3(x + 4)

ANSWER: x = -1
[ (x + 2)(x + 10) = (x + 4)2, x2 + 12x + 20 = x2 + 8x + 16, 4x = - 4, x = -1]

2 2log3(x – 2) – log3(x – 4) = 2
ANSWER: x = 5, 8
,[ (x – 2)2 = 9(x – 4), x2 – 4x + 4 = 9x – 36, x2 – 13x + 40 = 0, (x - 5)(x – 8) = 0, x = 5, 8]

3 log5(x2 + 2x + 5) – log5(x – 5) = 2
ANSWER: x = 10, 13
[(x2 + 2x + 5) = 25(x – 5), x2 – 23x + 130 = 0, (x – 10)(x – 13) = 0, x = 10, Evaluate
antilog35
ANSWER: 243 [35 = 34(3) = 81 × 3 = 243]

13
PREAMBLE: If log5 = x and log3 = y, express the given log in terms of x and y
1. log 75
ANSWER: 2x + y [log75 = log25 + log3 = 2log5 +log3 = 2x + y]
9
2. log ( )
5

ANSWER: 2y – x [log ( 59 )=log 9−log 5=2 log 3−log 5=2 y −x]

3. log(45)
ANSWER: x + 2y [log 45=log 5+ log 9=log 5+2 log 3=x+ 2 y ]
Evaluate

( )
1
27 3
1.
8
1
3
3 27 3
ANSWER: [ = ]
2 1
3
2
8

( )
1
16 4
2.
81
1
2 16 4 2
ANSWER: [ = ]
3 1
4
3
81

( )
1
64 2
3.
9
 1
2
8 64 8
ANSWER: [ = ]
3 1
2
3
9
PREAMBLE: Solve the equation for x
1. 5x = 3
log 3 log 3
ANSWER: x= [ xlog5=log 3 , x= ]
log 5 log 5
2. 7x = 10
log 10 log 10
ANSWER: x= [ xlog7=log 10 , x= ]
log 7 log 7
2x
3. 3 = 5
ANSWER: x= ( )
1 log5
2 log3
[2 xlog5=log 3 , x =log ( )
1 log 3
2 log 5
]
: Solve the exponential equation:
1. 39x = 1/27
ANSWER: x = - 1/3 [9x = -3, x = -1/3]
2. 125x = 1/25
ANSWER: x = -2/3 [3x = -2, x = -2/3]
3. 46x = 1/64
ANSWER: x = -1/2 [6x = - 3, x = -1/2]
PREAMBLE: Express in exponential form:

1.
ANSWER: x2/3

2.
ANSWER: x1/4

3.
ANSWER: x3/5
PREAMBLE: Simplify to a single log term
1. ½log16 + (1/3)log8
ANSWER: log8 [log4 + log2 = log8 ]
2. (3/2)log4 – (2/3)log8
ANSWER: log2 [3log2 – 2log2 = log2]
3. (2/3)log27 -2log3
ANSWER: log1 = 0 [ 2log3 – 2log3 = log1]
PREAMBLE: Given that x = 2p and y = 4q, express as a power of 2
 1. 8xy

ANSWER: 2p + 2q + 3 232p 22q = 2p + 2q + 3]

2. 4y/x

ANSWER: 22q – p + 2 [2222q 2-p = 22q - p + 2 ]

3. x2y

ANSWER: 22p + 2q [(2p)2(22q) = 22p + 2q ]

PREAMBLE: Find x given that

1.

ANSWER: x = 9 [ x = 32 = 9 ]

2.

ANSWER: x = 2 [ 8 = x3, 23 = x3 hence x = 2]

3.

ANSWER: x = 2/3 [ 9 = 27x, 32 = 33x, 3x = 2 hence x = 2/3]

PREAMBLE:Given that log8= 0.90309, find

1. log2
ANSWER: 0.30103 [ log 8 = 3log2 = 0.90309, log2 = (0.90309)/3 =
0.30103]
2. log4
ANSWER: 0.60206 [ log4 = 2log2 = 2(log8)/3 =2(0.90309)/3 =2(0.30103)=
0.60206]
3. log(1/8)
ANSWER: - 0.90309 [ log(1/8) = -log8 = - 0.90309 ]
Evaluate

1.

ANSWER: 15 [ ]

2.

ANSWER: 30 [ ]

3.

ANSWER: 60 [ ]
Simplify
1. [ ( ]
ANSWER: 5x2

2. [( ]
ANSWER: 2x3y2

3. [(
ANSWER: 2x/y2
PREAMBLE: Evaluate
1. log7(1/5) + log7(5/49)
ANSWER: -2 [log7 (1/5) x (5/49) = log7 (1/49) = log7 (7-2) = -2]
2. log311 + log3(27/11)
ANSWER: 3 [log3( 11 x 27/11) = log3(27) = 3]
3. log2(1/16)
ANSWER: - 4 [log2 (2-4) = -4]
PREAMBLE:Rewrite the expression as a single logarithm
1. log(x +1) + log(x – 1)
ANSWER: log(x2 – 1) [log [(x + 1) (x – 1)] = log(x2 – 1)
2. log(x2 – 4) – log(x – 2)
ANSWER: log(x + 2) [log [(x2 – 4)/(x – 2)] = log(x + 2)]
3. log(x – 3) – log(x2 – 9)
ANSWER: log [1/(x + 3)] or –log(x + 3) [log [(x – 3)/(x2 – 9)] = log [1/(x + 3)] ]
: Solve the equation for n.
1. logn81 = 4
ANSWER: n = 3
[n4 = 81 = 34, hence n = 3]
2. logn(1/125) = - 3
ANSWER: n = 5
[1/n3 = 1/125 = 1/53, hence n = 5]
3. logn64 = 6
ANSWER: n = 2
[ n6 = 64 = 26, hence n = 2]
: Find the positive value of x if
1. logx9 = 2
 ANSWER: x = 3 [9 = x2, x = 3]
2. logx16 = 4
ANSWER: x = 2 [16 = x4, x = 2]
3. logx5 = 2
ANSWER: x = √5 [5 = x2, x = √5]
PREAMBLE: Find the antilogarithm
1. antilog25.
ANSWER: 32 [25 = 32]
2. antilog5 (-2).
ANSWER: 1/25 [5-2 = 1/25]
3. antilog8 (2/3).
ANSWER: 4 [82/3 = (81/3)2 = 22 = 4]
Simplify the expression with positive exponents (assume a > 0)
4. (xa – 1)3(xa – 4)-2
ANSWER: xa + 5 [x3a – 3x8 - 2a = xa + 5]
5. (x-4y3)(x6y-5)
ANSWER: x2/y2 [x6-4y3-5 = x2y-2 = x2/y2]
6. (x-5y2)(x3y-2)
ANSWER: 1/x2 [x-5 + 3y2 - 2 = x-2 = 1/x2]

: Express each term using a single root sign.

1.

ANSWER: [ ]

2.

ANSWER: [ (71/2)1/2 = 71/4 ]

3.

ANSWER: [ ((6)1/3)1/2 = 61/6]

PREAMBLE: Solve for n given that:
1. 32n + 2 = 81
ANSWER: n =1
[ 2n + 2 = 4, 2n = 2, n = 1]
2. 53n - 2 = 625
ANSWER: n = 2
[ 3n – 2 = 4, 3n = 6, n = 2]
3. 42n – 3 = 64
ANSWER: n = 3
[ 2n – 3 = 3, 2n = 6, n = 3]
Give me the expression as a single logarithm.
1. logx + 2logy – 3logz
ANSWER:log(xy2/z3)
2. 2logx – 3logy + logz
ANSWER: log(x2z/y3)
3. 3logx + 2logy + logz
ANSWER: log(x3y2z)
: If log9 = 0.954 and log2 = 0.301, find
1. log1.8
ANSWER: 0.255
log(18/10) = log9 + log2 – 1 = 0.954 + 0.301 – 1 = 0.255]
2. log(9/4)
ANSWER: 0.352
[log9 – 2log2 = 0.954 – 2(0.301) = 0.954 – 0.602 = 0.352]
3. log(9/8)
ANSWER: 0.051
[log9 – 3log2 = 0.954 – 3(0.301)= 0.954 – 0.903 = 0.051]
PREAMBLE: Simplify the expression:
1. (2a1/5b3/5)5
ANSWER: 32ab3 [ 25 a(1/5)5 x b(3/5)5 = 32ab3]
2. (a2/3b3/2)6
ANSWER: a4b9 [a(2/3) x b(3/2)6 = a4b9 ]
3. (a3/4b5/2)4
ANSWER: a3b10 [a ((3/4)4 x b(5/2)4 = a3b10 ]
 Solve the exponential equation
1. 2x + 1 = 1/8
ANSWER: x = -4 [ 2x + 1 = 2-3, x + 1 = -3, x = -4]
2. 52x + 3 = 125
ANSWER: x = 0 [ 52x + 3 = 53, 2x + 3 = 3, 2x = 0, x = 0]
3. 82x + 1 = 1
ANSWER: x = -1/2 [ 82x + 1 = 80, 2x + 1= 0, 2x = -1, x = -1/2]
:Expand in terms of logx, logy and logz.
1. log(x2y/z)
ANSWER: 2logx + logy – logz
2. log(xy2/z3)
ANSWER:logx + 2logy – 3logz
3. log(xy/√z)
ANSWER:logx + logy – ½ logz
PREAMBLE:Simplify and evaluate
1. log7(1/5) + log7(5/49)
ANSWER: -2 [log7(1/5 x 5/49) = log7(1/49) = log77-2 = -2]
2. log3(1/15) + log3(5/27)
ANSWER: -4 [log3(1/15 x 5/27) = log3(1/15 x 5/27) =log3(1/81) = - 4]
3. log(2/3) + log(3/2)
ANSWER: 0 [log(2/3 x 3/2) = log1 = 0]

Express as logarithm of a number.

1. 3 + 2log23
ANSWER: log272 [log28 + 2log23 = log2(8 x 9) = log272]
2. 2 + log54
ANSWER: log5100 [log525 + log54 = log5100]
3. -2 + log7
ANSWER:log(7/100) [log10-2 + log7 = log(7/100)]
PREAMBLE: Solve for x and leave your answer in terms of logarithm.
1. 3x = 7
ANSWER: x = log7/log3 or log37 [xlog3 = log7, x = log7/log3]
2. 6x = 3
ANSWER: x = log3/log6 or log63 [xlog6 = log3, x = log3/log6]

3. 7x = 10
ANSWER: x = 1/log7 or log10/log7 [xlog7 = log10 = 1, x = log10/log7 = 1/log7]
: Solve the logarithmic equation for x.
1. logx + log(x – 4) = log(x + 24)
ANSWER: x = 8 [x(x – 4) = x + 24, x2 – 5x – 24 = 0, (x – 8)(x + 3) = 0, x = 8]
2. log(x + 18) + log(x – 6) = 2logx
ANSWER: x = 9 [(x + 18)(x – 6) = x2, 12x – 108 = 0, 12x = 108, x = 9]
3. log(x + 90) – logx = 1
ANSWER: x = 10 [ (x + 90)/x = 10, x + 90 = 10x , 9x = 90, x = 10 ]
:Give me each expression with a single root sign.

4.

ANSWER: [ ]

5.

ANSWER: [ (51/2)1/3 = 51/6 = ]

6.

ANSWER: [31/2(21/3) =33/622/6 = (3322)1/6 = (108)1/6 = ]

PREAMBLE: Give me the expression in terms of log2 and log5.
1. log250
ANSWER: log2 + 3log5 [250 = 2 x 125 = 2 x 53 hence log250 = log2 + 3log5]
2. log√20
ANSWER: log 2 + (1/2)log5 [log(2√5) = log2 + (1/2)log5]
3. log(0.4)
ANSWER: log2 – log5 [log (4/10) = log (2/5) = log2 – log5]