sinhalaebooks.

com

YÄo mßmd,k yd uyck weu;=ï moaO;s

mdGud,dj
› ,xld .=jkaúÿ,s ixia:dj

YÄoh yd ;rx. (Sound & Waves )

Ydka; úchisß
›' ,' .=' i' (wije55@yahoo.com)

Shantha wijayasiri Page 1

 sinhalaebooks.com

YÄoh
 wmg Y%jKh jk YÄo
20Hz isg 20000Hz olajd mrdifha we;s YÄo (Audibal range ) fõ'

 wmg Y%jKh fkdjk YÄo

20Hz wvq yd 20000Hz jeä mrdifha we;s YÄo fõ'

YÄoh .uka lrkafka ;rx. wdldrfhks'wmg wefik ish¨ YÄo tjeks ;rx. fõ' úúO
;rx. wm wjg we;' c, ;rx." uqyqÿ r, yd N+ lïmk wdosh ;rx. fõ' ;jo .=jka
úÿ,s ;rx." rEmjdyskS ;rx. " èjks ;rx. yd Ëqø ;rx.o Wodyrk f,i oelaúh
yelsh '

;rx. m%pdrKh jk udOH wkqj wm wjg mßirfha we;s ;rx. m%Odk f,i j¾. follg
fnÈh yelsh'

1' hdka;%sl ;rx.

2' úoHq;a pqïnl ;rx. (Electro Magnetic Waves )

;S¾hla ;rx. (Transverse Waves )

;rx.h .ukalrk ÈYdjg ,ïnl j udOH wxY= lïmkh isÿ jk ;rx. ;S¾hla ;rx. fõ'

Wod( ksi, c,hg .,la ±ófuka c,fha yg .kakd ;rx.

;rx. wdhduh (wave length )

;rx.fha p,s; osYdj yd msysàu tlu wdldrfha jk wxY= folla w;r mr;rh ;rx.
wdhduh (λ) f,i yÿkajhs' j,ska y÷kajkq ,efí' fuh uksk iïu; tAllh óg¾ (m) fõ'

úia;drh ( amplitude)

Shantha wijayasiri Page 2

 sinhalaebooks.com
wxY=jla wdrïNl msysàfï isg .uka lrk Wmßu úia:dmh úia;drh f,i y÷kajkq
,efí' fuh uksk iïu; tAllh óg¾ (m) fõ'

ixLHd;h frequency)

;;amrhloS we;sjk lïmk jdr .Kk tu ;rx.fha ixLHd;h kï fõ' ixLHd;h

uksk tAllh y¾Üia (Hz) fõ'

;rx.hl fõ.h (speed of a wave)

;;amrhloS ;rx.h .uka lrk ÿr tys fõ.h(V) hs. fõ.h ukskq ,nk tAllh (m s-1 ) fõ'

hï ;rx.hl ;rx. wdhduh ( λ ) " ixLHd;h(f) yd fõ.h(v) w;r iïnkaO;djh

iólrKhlska my; wdldrhg ,súh yelsh'

V = f 'λ

wkajdhdu ;rx. (Longitudinal waves )

;rx.h m%pdrKh jk ÈYdjg u udOH wxY=j, lïmkh isÿ jk ;rx. wkajdhdu ;rx.
kï fõ' ia,skalshla tys wlaIh Tiafia lïmkh lsÍfuka ia,skalsfha we;s jk wkajdhdu ;rx. ksÍlaIKh
l< yels h' lsh;a ;,hla fyda iriq,la fyda lïmkh lsÍfuka o jd;fha fujeksu wkajdhdu ;rx. we;s
fõ'

ia,skl
a shl yd iriq,l lïmkh ksid yg .kakd wkajdhdu ;rx.

jd; wxY= <x j msysgk ;eka iïmSvk (compressions ) f,i;a " jd; wxY= wE;a ùula isÿ jQ
;eka úr,k(rarefaction ) f,i;a ye¢kafõ' m<uq wjia:dfõ § iïmSä; j ;snQ jdhq wxY=
iriqf,a lïmkh ksid B <Õ wjia:dfõ § úr,khla njg m;a fõ' jd;fha m%;Hia:;dj ksid
jd; wxY= fï wdldrhg iïmSvk yd úr,k njg m;a fjñka ;rx.hla wdldrhg bÈßhg
wefoa'

èjksh

lïmk u.ska udOHfha isÿjk ;rx. yryd Yla;sh .ukalrk Yla;s úfYaIh èjksh kñka
yÿkajhs' èjksh .uka lsÍu i|yd udOHhla wjYHh' úúO udOH j,oS èjks fõ.h fjkia
fõ'

Wod( jd;fha èjks fõ.h = 330 ms-1

c,fha èjks fõ.h = 1461 ms-1

jdfka ;=, èjks fõ.h = 5000 ms-1

Shantha wijayasiri Page 3

 sinhalaebooks.com
èjksh mrdj¾:kh ùu fodaxldrh (Echo ) f,i yÿkajhs' èjksh mrdj¾:kho m%fhdackj;a
fõ'

Wod( jjq,d fodaxldrh u.ska mßirh yÿkd.ekSu" kdúlhskag uqyqÿ m;=f,a we;s .,amr

wdosh yÿkd.ekSug

èjksfha ,dlaIksl .=K

1' ;dr;dj ( pitch )

;dr;dj hkq yfvys ixLHd;h u; mokï jQ ,laIKhls' ;shqkq yfvys isg f.dfrdaiq yv
olajd ;dr;dj fjkia fõ'

ixLHd;h ---- ;dr;dj ----- ;shqkq yv

ixLHd;h ---- ;dr;dj ----- f.dfrdaiq yv

2' yfâ ier (Loudness )

yfâ ier hkq yfvys úia:drh u; mokï jQ ,laIKhls' èjks ;rx.j, we;s Yla;s m%udKh
yfâ ier hkq u; r|d mj;S' yfâ ier jeä lsÍu hkq úia:drh jeä lsÍuhs'

3' èjks .=Kh

èjks .=Kh rod mj;skf

a ka ;rx. j, we;s yevh u;hs' fuu èjks .=Kh ksid úúO YÄo
fjkalr y÷kd.; yel'

Wod( .sgdrhl yv jh,Shl yäka fjkalr y÷kd.; yel'

úoHq;a pqïnl ;rx. j¾Kdj,sh (Electromagnetic Spectrum )

Shantha wijayasiri Page 4

 sinhalaebooks.com

Shantha wijayasiri Page 5