1a Questions and Answers 1 Reading & Speaking Un

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1A Questions and
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Understanding
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English File 4 Edition SB Answer Key
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EF4e_B2.2_SB_AnswerKey
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Ptuhlet‖s Oaam Deswlr Mly
4D Tulstfaes deh deswlrs
4 _LDHFEB & P^LDMFEB uehlrstdehfeb qulstfaes
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o Gcarle`l Rlc`k 4 Rkdt ? hfh 0 hae‖t 8 wds < wka 7 wauch 2 Rklrl ; Kdvl
6 Rkdt / Rkf`k
Hde Ptlvles 4 Rkle ? ha 0 Rkdt 8 Rkdt < Rka 7 wauch 2 Kaw ; hals 6 Ha
` 4 H ‐ qulstfae 6 ? G ‐ qulstfae < 0 H ‐ qulstfae 2 8 G ‐ qulstfae 8 < H ‐ qulstfaes 4 deh ;

7 H ‐ qulstfaes 4, ?, 0, deh 8 2 G ‐ qulstfae 6 ; G ‐ qulstfae 0
? B_DJJD_ qulstfae garjdtfae
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d 4 Rkdt orfebs yau ta Caehae1
? Kaw caeb drl yau bafeb ta ol fe Caehae gar1
0 Hae‖t yau cfml Caehae1
8 @de yau tlcc us fg tklrl‖s dey trutk fe tkdt1
o d qulstfae wkf`k lehs wftk d prlpasftfae : ?

Did you findqulstfae,
d suoil`t thiswklrl
document useful?
tklrl fs ea duxfcfdry vlro : 4
d qulstfae wkf`k usls d elbdtfvl duxfcfdry vlro : 0
de fehfrl`t qulstfae : 8
Brdjjdr Odem 4D
d 4 Pkauch F tlcc klr kaw F gllc1

? Kaw caeb kdvl yau meawe yaur olst grfleh1
0 @auch yau tlcc jl wkle tkl elxt trdfe cldvls1
8 Rkdt drl yau tkfemfeb doaut1
< Rkdt ha yau cfml hafeb dt tkl wllmleh1
7 Rkdt mfeh ag jusf` hals Idel cfml cfstlefeb ta1
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2 Ha yau meaw wkdt tfjl tkl gfcj gfefskls1
; Kaw jdey stuhlets `djl ta `cdss ylstlrhdy1
6 Ha yau rljljolr wklrl tkl rlstdurdet fs1
4> Rka hals tkl kauslwarm fe yaur gdjfcy1
o 4 Kaw agtle ha yau usudccy ha lxlr`fsl1

? Rka wratl Acfvlr Xwfst1
0 @auch yau tlcc jl kaw ju`k tkfs oaam àsts1
8 F `de‖t rljljolr wklrl F pdrmlh jy `dr tkfs jarefeb.
< Hfh yau leiay yaur trfp ta ^drfs cdst wllmleh1
7 Rkdt mfeh ag warm hals yaur sfstlr ha1
2 Rka dtl / kds ldtle tkl cdst ofsùft1
; Ha yau meaw wkdt tfjl tkl swfjjfeb paac aples ae Pdturhdys1
6 Rky hfhe‖t / halse‖t yaur sfstlr cfml tkl prlslet yau bdvl klr1
4> Ha yau kdvl ta pcdy yaur jusf` sa cauh1
0 ^_AE\E@FDXFAE fetaedtfae9 skawfeb fetlrlst

d 4d ?o 0o 8d <o
` ? Rky eat 0 Jl taa 8 Kaw fetlrlstfeb < Ak rldccy
4 Lebcfsk Gfcl © Axgarh \efvlrsfty ^rlss ?>?>
8tk lhftfae
8 _LDHFEB & WA@DO\CD_V warmfeb aut jldefeb graj àetlxt

` 4B ?@ 0L 8O <H 7D 2G
l 4 but gllcfeb ? gaacpraag 0 cfbkt-kldrtlh rlspaesl 8 bllm < warm‐cfgl odcde`l 7 tkl pafet ag
2 baah-edturlh rfvdcry ; iao-sllmlrs
< CFPXLEFEB uehlrstdehfeb tkl stdbls ag d skart fetlrvflw

o 4 kdvl hfeelr, tkrll plapcl ? kdvl, oaygrfleh, blt prlbedet 0 prd`tfsl pkfcasapky
8 Rkdt defjdc
`
Kaw hfh tkly deswlr1 Rkdt kdpplelh fe tkl leh1
4 F `de‖t deswlr tkfs rfbkt eaw. @de F deswlr tkfs dt tkl Kl bat tkl pcd`l dt uefvlrsfty.
leh1
Iake Cleeae, ^f`dssa, deh deatklr drtfst ar jusf`fde
(kl `de‖t rljljolr).
? Ea, F hae‖t kdvl d oaygrfleh, deh F kdvl ea pcdes ta Pkl hl`fhlh fjjlhfdtlcy tkdt skl hfhe‖t
blt prlbedet. wdet ta warm gar tkdt àjpdey.
0 Rlcc, F stfcc tkfem d cat. Kl bat tkl iao.
8 D `dt Pkl hfhe‖t blt tkl iao.
? Lebcfsk Gfcl © Axgarh \efvlrsfty ^rlss ?>?>
8tk lhftfae
4O Ft‖s d jystlry
4 _LDHFEB & CFPXLEFEB uehlrstdehfeb gd`ts vs tklarfls

o Xkly drl dcc uesacvlh jystlrfls.
` 4 Xklrl wds eaoahy dt tkl cfbktkausl. Xkfs wds hfsàvlrlh oy tkl tkrll elw cfbktkausl mllplrs
wka drrfvlh dt tkl fscdeh ta rlcflvl tkl jle wka kdh olle warmfeb tklrl gar tkrll jaetks.
? tkl cfbktkausl haar wds ueca`mlh
d `kdfr wds mea`mlh avlr
ael rdfe id`mlt wds kdebfeb ae fts kaam, out tkl atklr twa
kdh hfsdppldrlh
tkl `ca`ms kdh stapplh
tkl cdst letry fe tkl cab oaam wds 6 d.j. ae 4<tk Hl`ljolr
0 Xkl jle kdh drbulh doaut d wajde= tkly kdh olle mfhedpplh oy Blrjde dblets= tkly kdh olle
`drrflh dwdy oy d sld slrplet, d bfdet ofrh, ar d oadt gucc ag bkasts.
h 4 puzzcl ? odggcl 0 rljatl 8 lxtrdarhfedry < trd`l 7 sacvl
l Jufrkldh tkaubkt tkdt tkl jle kdh olle wdsklh dwdy oy de learjaus wdvl.
^lapcl rlil`tlh kfs fhld dt tkl tfjl.
Eaw plapcl tkfem tkdt sjdcc wdvls `de àjofel ta `rldtl d kubl wdvl, wkf`k swlpt tkl jle
dwdy.
g 4 D kubl ra`m wds cyfeb ae tkl stlps cldhfeb up ta tkl cfbktkausl, out ft wauch kdvl olle taa
kldvy gar deyael ta `drry, sa ft dhhs lvfhle`l ta tkl fhld ag tkl kubl wdvl.
? Xkl skfp Tulle Lcfzdoltk FF wds kft oy d 4>>-gt wdvl fe 466<, d jahlre lxdjpcl ag Jufrkldh‖s
tklary.
0 D pdplr fe d s`fletfgf` iauredc kds rl`letcy olle puocfsklh sdyfeb tkdt jaestlr wdvls rldccy
lxfst.
8 46>4 wds tkl hdtl wkle Jufrkldh d`tudccy sacvlh tkl jystlry, out tkle tklrl wds ea praag.
< Xklrl drl sajl tkfebs wl wfcc elvlr meaw tkl deswlrs ta.
? B_DJJD_ duxfcfdry vlros

` 4 Hfh ? ha 0 kdvl 8 kdvl < hfh
D< O8 @? H4 L0
Brdjjdr Odem 4O
d 4 Kl‖s oaamlh tkl gcfbkts, kdse‖t kl1

? Ft‖s kat tahdy, fse‖t ft1
0 F ha cfml ft, out ft fse‖t jy gdvaurftl.
8 Elftklr wauch F.
< Fs kl1 F tkaubkt kl wds drrfvfeb tahdy.
7 Xaj cfmlh ft, out F hfhe‖t. F tkaubkt ft wds dwguc.
2 Pkl hals cfml yau. Pkl iust halse't wdet ta ba aut wftk yau.
; Vls, F dj, deh sa fs jy oaygrfleh.
6 Vau‖cc rljljolr ta `dcc jl, wae‖t yau1
4> F rldccy wdet ta ba ta Lbypt, out jy oaygrfleh halse‖t.
o 4 Ft‖s d brldt `cuo, fse‖t ft1

? Hae‖t yau1
8tk lhftfae
0 Elftklr kdvl F.
8 Ak, hae‖t yau1
< F ha.
7 Ha yau1
2 Rky hfhe‖t yau ba1
; F hfh ba, out F drrfvlh rldccy cdtl ol`dusl jy `dr oraml hawe.
6 Pa dj F.
0 ^_AE\E@FDXFAE & P^LDMFEB fetaedtfae deh sletle`l rkytkj

d 4 Hfh yau1 ? F hae‖t olcflvl… F ha 0 Vau hae‖t cfml…1. F ha cfml tklj.
8 CFPXLEFEB & P^LDMFEB gaccawfeb festru`tfaes

h 4 tkl plrsae : de fjpartdet plrsae fe yaur cfgl
? tkl defjdc : praocljs fe yaur cfgl
kaw yau fetlrd`t wftk ft : kaw yau hldc wftk yaur praocljs
0 tkl kausl : yaur djoftfaes
ea gle`l : yau drl aple ta elw fhlds
d gle`l : yau agtle tkfem yau drl rfbkt
8 tkl tdocl : kaw yau drl gllcfeb dt tkl jajlet
< tkl ùp : kaw straeb yaur rlcdtfaeskfp fs wftk tkl plrsae yau drl wdcmfeb wftk
7 tkl wdtlr : yaur grflehs
kaw wlt yau blt : kaw fjpartdet yaur grflehs drl ta yau (vlry wlt : vlry fjpartdet)
B_DJJD_ FE @AEXL[X
k passfocl deswlrs
4 …tkl jarl F spleh. / tkl jarl F sdvl.
? …tkl olttlr F gllc. / tkl warsl F gllc. / tkl jarl F ha.
0 …tkl jarl hfggfùct tkly drl ta uehlrstdeh.
8 …tkl tkfeelr F blt. / tkl kuebrflr F dj. / tkl jarl odh-tljplrlh F dj.
< …tkl jarl F leiay ft. / tkl ldsflr ft blts.
7 …tkl gfttlr F blt. / tkl jarl F cfml ft.
< WA@DO\CD_V àjpaueh dhil`tfvls

o 4 jfehlh ? suggf`flet
tkly oatk kdvl d pasftfvl jldefeb
` Xkl slàeh warh
h âsftfvl
ldsy-bafeb : rlcdxlh deh kdppy ta d``lpt tkfebs wftkaut
warryfeb ar blttfeb debry
baah-tljplrlh : `kllrguc deh eat ldsfcy jdhl debry
cdfh-od`m : `dcj deh rlcdxlh
aple-jfehlh : wfccfeb ta cfstle ta, tkfem doaut ar d``lpt hfgglrlet fhlds
wlcc-odcde`lh : slesfocl deh ljatfaedccy fe àetrac
wlcc-olkdvlh : olkdvfeb fe d wdy tkdt atklr plapcl tkfem fs pacftl ar àrrl`t
Elbdtfvl
doslet-jfehlh : tlehfeb ta garblt tkfebs, plrkdps ol`dusl yau drl eat tkfemfeb doaut wkdt fs
draueh yau, out doaut sajltkfeb lcsl
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8tk lhftfae
odh-tljplrlh : agtle debry= fe de debry jaah

ofb-kldhlh : kdvfeb d vlry kfbk apfefae ag kaw fjpartdet deh `clvlr yau drl
edrraw-jfehlh : eat wfccfeb ta cfstle ta elw fhlds ar ta tkl apfefaes ag atklrs
slcg-`letrlh : tlehfeb ta tkfem aecy doaut yaurslcg deh eat tkfemfeb doaut tkl ellhs ar gllcfebs ag
atklr plapcl
straeb-wfcclh : hltlrjfelh ta ha wkdt yau wdet ta ha, lvle fg atklr plapcl dhvfsl yau eat ta
tfbkt-gfstlh : eat wfccfeb ta spleh
< Lebcfsk Gfcl © Axgarh \efvlrsfty ^rlss ?>?>
8tk lhftfae
4 @ACCAT\FDC LEBCFPK Xdcmfeb doaut…blttfeb d

iao
4 XKL FEXL_WFLR ^drt 4

o Pts skauch kdvl tf`mlh9 4, ?, 0, 8, 7, 2, deh ;.
` 4 Kl dsms sajl blelrdc qulstfaes doaut tklfr iaurely ta tkl fetlrvflw, tkl wldtklr, ar fg tkly kdvl
olle ta Axgarh olgarl.
? Kl dsms sajl blelrdc qulstfaes doaut tkl `dehfhdtl, tklfr @W, tklfr od`mbraueh.
0 Fegarjdtfae wkf`k skaws kaw tkl `dehfhdtl jllts tkl `rftlrfd gar tkl past, fe`cuhfeb spl`fgf`
smfccs deh lxplrfle`l tkly kdvl tkdt fs rlclvdet.
4 XKL FEXL_WFLR ^drt ?

d Ael `dehfhdtl tkaubkt tkly wlrl olfeb fetlrvflwlh gar d vlry hfgglrlet iao.
Ael `dehfhdtl stdrtlh ldtfeb d `kaàcdtl odr hurfeb tkl fetlrvflw.
Ael `dehfhdtl drrfvlh fe tklfr tleefs `catkls.
o 4 Kl àuch kdvl stapplh tkl fetlrvflw ar `drrflh ae.

? Pkl wds hfdoltf` deh ellhlh ta ldt sajltkfeb ta `dcj hawe.
0 @catkls tkdt drl dppraprfdtl gar tkl racl tkdt tkly drl dppcyfeb gar.
8 Kl kdh garbattle tkdt kl kdh tkl fetlrvflw deh kdh àjl hfrl`tcy graj tkl tleefs àurt fe kfs
tleefs `catkls. Kl hfhe‖t blt tkl iao.

d 4 Kaw wauch yau hls`rfol Gd`loaam ta yaur brdehjatklr1
? Rauch yau rdtklr gfbkt d karsl-sfzlh hu`m ar d kuehrlh hu`m-sfzlh karsls1
o 4X
? G (‛Ft‖s eat sajltkfeb tkdt F kdvl hfrl`t lxplrfle`l ag…‖)
0X
8 G (Ft wds ta sll fg `dehfhdtls kdh tkl dofcfty ta juctftdsm.)
< G (Kl wauch kdvl kdh ta kdvl dsmlh gar tkl qulstfae ta ol rlpldtlh, deh kl praodocy wauche‖t
kdvl olle docl ta deswlr fjjlhfdtlcy.)
7X
? CAAMFEB DX CDEB\DBL
4 hljaestrdtl ? àjjle`lh 0 vflwlh 8 deeaue`lh < dppraprfdtl gaatwldr, d cdhy
7 dj dwdrl ag 2 rlspaesl
0 XKL @AEWL_PDXFAE
d P, H, D o 4H ?O 0D 8G <L 7@
h 4 tlrrfocl tlrrfocl ? rldccy rldccy 0 hlgfeftlcy
l 4 spldmfeb ? wfcc
Xkly bfvl tkl warh lxtrd strlss.
8tk lhftfae
?D Ha`tar, ha`tar!
4 WA@DO\CD_V fccelssls deh feiurfls

d rueefeb wdtlr : wdtlr graj tkl tdp
hdjp `catk : scfbktcy wlt `catk
ruo (v) : ta prlss twa surgd`ls dbdfest ld`k atklr deh javl tklj od`mwdrhs deh garwdrhs
prlss (v) : ta pusk stk `caslcy deh gfrjcy dbdfest stk
tfp (v) : ta javl sa tkdt ael leh ar sfhl fs kfbklr tkde tkl atklr
pfe`k (v) : ta kach stk tfbktcy oltwlle tkl tkujo deh gfeblr
odehdbl (e) : d strfp ag `catk uslh gar tyfeb draueh d pdrt ag tkl
oahy tkdt kds olle kurt, fe arhlr ta pratl`t ar suppart ft
o 4 d deh ` drl jytks. ? d fs d jytk. 0 d deh o drl jytks. 8 d fs d jytk. < ` fs d jytk.
7 ` fs d jytk.
Wa`doucdry Odem Fcelssls deh feiurfls
4 JFEA_ FCCELPPLP DEH @AEHFXFAEP

d 4 d rdsk ? sueoure 0 Klr demcl‖s swaccle. 8 d tljplrdturl < Klr gfeblr‖s ocllhfeb.
7 d kldhd`kl 2 Klr od`m kurts. / Klr od`m d`kls. ; Pkl‖s olfeb sf`m. / Pkl‖s vajftfeb.
6 d àubk 4> Pkl‖s sellzfeb.
`4O ?H 0L 8@ <K 7G 2D ;@ 6F
? FEI\_FLP DEH JA_L PL_FA\P @AEHFXFAEP

d 4 @ Kl‖s ueàes`faus. Kl‖s orldtkfeb, out kfs lyls drl `caslh deh kl `de‖t kldr ar gllc deytkfeb.
? B Kl‖s kdh de dcclrbf` rld`tfae. Kl wds stueb oy d wdsp deh eaw kl kds d rdsk deh kds
hfggfùcty orldtkfeb.
0 O Kl‖s sprdfelh kfs demcl. Kl glcc odhcy deh eaw ft‖s swaccle.
8 H Kl kds kfbk ocaah prlssurl. Ft‖s ael kuehrlh deh lfbkty avlr ael kuehrlh deh garty.
< L Kl kds gaah pafsaefeb. Kl dtl sajl prdwes tkdt wlrl agg.
7 G Kl‖s `kamfeb. Kl wds ldtfeb d stldm deh d pfl`l bat stu`m fe kfs tkradt.
2 D Kl‖s ouret kfjslcg. Kl spfct sajl oafcfeb wdtlr ae kfs kdeh.
0 ^K_DPDC WL_OP @AEEL@XLH RFXK FCCELPP

d 4 pdss aut jldes gdfet
? cfl hawe jldes put yaur oahy fe d karfzaetdc pasftfae
0 tkraw up jldes vajft, ol sf`m
8 blt avlr jldes blt olttlr, rlàvlr graj sajltkfeb
< àjl raueh jldes olàjl àes`faus dbdfe
h passfocl deswlrs ldtfeb aut 9 de dcclrbf` rld`tfae, gaah-pafsaefeb, hfdrrkald, gllcfeb sf`m,
vajftfeb, stajd`k d`kl, `kamfeb
kfmfeb fe tkl jauetdfes9 d ocfstlr, kypatklrjfd, d sprdfelh demcl, sueoure, ol stueb oy de fesl`t
hafeb spart9 od`md`kl, d sprdfelh demcl, d swaccle demcl, d ocfstlr
vfsftfeb d trapf`dc àuetry9 sueoure, ol stueb oy de fesl`t
? ^_AE\E@FDXFAE ʀ/, /hʟ/, /tʀ/, deh /m/

` 4 tf (olgarl ae), ss, sk, `f= tkl jast àjjae fs sk
? /hʟ/
0 /m/ deh /tʀ/= /tʀ/ fs jarl àjjae
8tk lhftfae
l `kaclstlrac : /m/ fehfblstfae : /hʟ/, /tʀ/

feil`tfae : /hʟ/, /ʀ/ aplrdtfae : /ʀ/ s`rdt`k : /m/, /tʀ/
surblae : /hʟ/ syrfebl : /hʟ/
`kaclstlrac /mɖ clstɖrɘ c/ : d suostde`l gaueh fe ocaah, gdt, deh jast tfssuls ag tkl oahy. Xaa
ju`k `kaclstlrac `de `dusl kldrt hfsldsl .
fehfblstfae /ɩehɩ hʟlstʀɖe/ : pdfe `duslh oy hfggfùcty fe hfblstfeb gaah
feil`tfae /ɩe hʟlmʀe/ : de d`t ag feil`tfeb so wftk d hrub ar atklr suostde`l
aplrdtfae /ɟpɖ rlɩʀe/ : tkl pra`lss ag ùttfeb aple d pdrt ag d plrsae‖s oahy fe arhlr ta rljavl ar
rlpdfr d hdjdblh pdrt
s`rdt`k /smrdtʀ/ : ùt ar hdjdbl yaur smfe scfbktcy wftk stk skdrp
surblae / sɓ hʟɖe/ : d ha`tar wka fs trdfelh ta plrgarj (: jlhf`dc aplrdtfaes tkdt fevacvl ùttfeb
aple d plrsae‖s oahy)
syrfebl /sɩ rɩehʟ/ : d pcdstf` ar bcdss tuol wftk d caeb kaccaw ellhcl tkdt fs uslh gar puttfeb hrubs,
lt`., feta d plrsae‖s oahy ar gar tdmfeb d sjdcc djauet ag ocaah graj d plrsae
0 CFPXLEFEB & P^LDMFEB uehlrstdehfeb de del`hatl ‐ wklrl tkly

wlrl, wka wftk, wkdt kdpplelh, kaw tkly glct
o 4 pucsl, kdvfeb d kldrt dttd`m
? `dcj klr hawe, fe ska`m
0 djoucde`l turelh up
8 trfpplh deh glcc
< wds stfcc àes`faus
7 vlry pdfeguc
2 glcc od`mwdrhs
; `dcclh de djoucde`l
6 taam kfj dwdy
` Idel9 Vls ol`dusl skl uslh ta ol d eursl.

Hdeflc9 Vls ol`dusl ft kdpplelh rfbkt fe graet ag kfj.
Dcfsae9 Ea ol`dusl skl hfhe‖t meaw wkdt ta ha.
h Idel
4 Pkl wds aut skappfeb wftk klr kusodeh.
? D jde. Kl wds cyfeb ae tkl braueh.
0 Pkl glct kfs pucsl deh stdrtlh hafeb `drhfd` jdssdbl.
8 De djoucde`l `djl deh taam tkl jde ta kaspftdc.
< d) Pkl glct quftl `dcj (ol`dusl skl melw wkdt ta ha).
o) Pkl glct pcldslh (ol`dusl skl wds docl ta ha sajltkfeb).
Hdeflc
4 Kl wds `y`cfeb ta warm.
? De ach cdhy. Pkl trfpplh deh glcc feta tkl radh.
0 Kl klcplh javl klr deh tkle klcplh klr sft up uetfc tkl djoucde`l `djl.
8 Pkl wds tdmle ta kaspftdc deh kl vfsftlh klr tklrl.
< d) Kl glct warrflh (ol`dusl kl tkaubkt sajlael jfbkt stldc kfs ru`msd`m.
o) Kl glct bcdh (ol`dusl kl wds docl ta ha sajltkfeb).
Dcfsae
4 Pkl wds wdftfeb gar tkl ous.
? D ofb, tdcc jde. Kl glcc od`mwdrhs deh kft kfs kldh ae tkl pdvljlet.
0 Pkl hfhe‖t rldccy ha deytkfeb.
8 De djoucde`l drrfvlh, deh tkl pdrdjlhf`s taam kfj dwdy ae d strlt`klr.
; Lebcfsk Gfcl © Axgarh \efvlrsfty ^rlss ?>?>
8tk lhftfae
< d) Pkl glct klcpclss (ol`dusl skl hfhe‖t meaw wkdt ta ha).
o) Pkl glct dskdjlh ag eat klcpfeb tkl jde (ol`dusl kl wds d oft hfrty).
8 B_DJJD_ prlslet plrgl`t sfjpcl deh àetfeuaus

d 4 D àubk, kldhd`kls, d tljplrdturl
? D ordfe tujaur
0 D ocaah tlst
8 Kl skauch wdft d glw hdys, tdml pdrd`ltdjac, deh ba ta olh ldrcy.
o Xkly tkfem kl‖s d pdfe fe tkl el`m. Rl `dcc sajlael wka olkdvls cfml tkfs ‖d kypa`kaehrfd`‖.
` 4 F kdvle‖t olle gllcfeb ? F‖vl olle àubkfeb 0 kdvl yau olle tdmfeb 8 kdvl yau tdmle
< kdvl yau tdmle 7 F‖vl tdmle ft 2 kdvle‖t kdh
Fe 4 deh 0, tkl atklr aptfae fs passfocl dctkaubk clss àjjae.
Brdjjdr Odem ?D
d4 ? pkaelh 0 olle rueefeb 8 slle < jlt 7 olle seawfeb 2 bael ;

6 olle rldhfeb, rldh
o 4 Rl‖vl meawe Id`m deh Dee gar yldrs.

? Vau caam rldccy kat. Kdvl yau olle warmfeb aut dt tkl byj1
0 Ljfcy kdse‖t hael klr kajlwarm ylt, sa F‖j dgrdfh skl `de‖t ba aut.
8 Xkly hae‖t cfvl fe Caehae ‐ tkly‖vl javlh.
< F kapl tkly‖rl blttfeb ae AM. Xkly‖vl olle drbufeb d cat rl`letcy.
7 Rl‖vl olle wdcmfeb gar kaurs. Fs tkfs tkl rfbkt wdy1
2 Rky fs jy cdptap swft`klh ae1 Kdvl yau olle usfeb ft1
; Ak ea! F‖vl ùt jy gfeblr ae tkfs mefgl.
< _LDHFEB & P^LDMFEB rldhfeb deh sujjdrfzfeb

h d Pubblstlh deswlr (rldc ar fjdbfelh) syjptajs ag fccelss
Ft‖s kujaraus, l.b. Hfh F ba strdfbkt tklrl1 Ag àursl eat., Pdhcy, tkl praoclj wftk Hr Baabcl fs
tkdt kl fse‖t lxd`tcy d àjgart fe tfjls ag `rfsfs.
o 4o ?h 0d 8l <`
` 4 aple-kldrt surblry ? jfrd`cl ùrls 0 uehlr tkl wldtklr 8 s`drl starfls < warst-`dsl
s`ledrfas 7 kldrt rdtl 2 cfgl-tkrldtlefeb fccelss
` 4o ?o 0d 8d <`
7 R_FXFEB de fegarjdc ljdfc

d 4 kdvle‖t (pue`tudtfae) ? tljplrdturl (splccfeb) 0 sfe`l gar (brdjjdr) 8 Cu`mfcy (splccfeb)
< Deytkfeb lx`ftfeb1 (pue`tudtfae) 7 drl fs (brdjjdr) 2 sagtwdrl àjpdey (pue`tudtfae)
; tkly‖rl (brdjjdr) 6 Jdy (pue`tudtfae) 4> rlàjjleh (splccfeb) 44 sfbktsllfeb (splccfeb)
4? yau‖cc ol docl ta skaw (brdjjdr)
o ljdfclh, jlssdblh, ar pkaelh. : olle fe tau`k

rldhfeb deh rlpcyfeb ta : `dt`kfeb up ae jy ljdfcs
Kdvl yau olle hafeb deytkfeb gue1 : Rkdt kdvl yau olle hafeb1 Deytkfeb lx`ftfeb1
F hae‖t kdvl dey jarl elws. : tkdt‖s dcc gar eaw sleh jy olst wfskls ta : bfvl jy rlbdrhs ta
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8tk lhftfae
` 4 gar ? ta 0 eat 8 kapl < kldr 7 ta 2 cu`m ; gllc / drl / blt 6 gar 4> Bfvl 44 garwdrh
4? `drl 40 Olst 48 ^P
?O D`t yaur dbl
4 _LDHFEB & P^LDMFEB s`deefeb slvlrdc tlxts

` Hfcys fs ;<. Pfde fs 02.
h 4 O ? P 0 O 8 O < H 7 O 2 O ; H 6 P 4> H 44 O 4? P
l Xkly kdvl d cat fe àjjae deh tkly dhjfrl ld`k atklr.
k 4 `cf`mlh= ta `cf`m : olàjl grflehs wftk so dt ae`l

? kft= ta kft ft agg : kdvl d baah grflehcy rlcdtfaeskfp wftk so
0 bdp= dbl bdp : dbl hfgglrle`l
8 pafet, vflw= pafet ag vflw : tkl pdrtfùcdr dttftuhl ar apfefae tkdt so kds doaut stk
< tdml= tdml sfhls : ta lxprlss suppart gar so fe d hfsdbrlljlet
7 `drl= àuche‖t `drl clss : uslh ta sdy, agtle ruhlcy, tkdt yau ha eat tkfem tkdt so / stk fs fjpartdet
ar wartk warryfeb doaut
2 caam= caam up ta : ta dhjfrl ar rlspl`t so
? B_DJJD_ usfeb dhil`tfvls ds eaues, dhil`tfvl arhlr

d 4d o (ea hlgfeftl drtf`cl ellhlh) `
?d o (wraeb warh arhlr) ` (wraeb warh arhlr)
Brdjjdr Odem ?O
d 4 Xkl Hut`k ? tkl sf`m 0 tkl ocfeh 8 Xkl Grle`k < tkl feiurlh 7 Xkl Pwfss 2 tkl kajlclss
; tkl ueljpcaylh 6 tkl hldh 4> tkl hldg
o 4 de dttrd`tfvl yaueb jde

? hfrty ach skals
0 d oldutfguc ocd`m vlcvlt id`mlt
8 d tdcc tlledbl Djlrf`de bfrc
< d caeb sdehy old`k
7 d jdbefgf`let 42tk-`letury àuetry kausl
2 d stycfsk Ftdcfde cldtklr odb
; kubl hdrm lyls
6 d grflehcy ach ocd`m hab
4> d strfplh àttae X-skfrt
0 WA@DO\CD_V `catkls deh gdskfae

o 4 ildes ? id`mlt 0 trdfelrs 8 tap < sdehdcs 7 hrlss 2 swldtlr
4> Lebcfsk Gfcl © Axgarh \efvlrsfty ^rlss ?>?>

8tk lhftfae
Wa`doucdry Odem @catkls deh gdskfae
4 HLP@_FOFEB @CAXKLP
d Gft
? caasl
4 tfbkt
Ptycl
7 kaahlh
8 caeb-scllvlh
2 paca el`m
0 scllvlclss
< W-el`m
^dttlre
4? `kl`mlh
4> pdttlrelh
; pcdfe
44 spattlh
6 strfplh
` 8 d àttae vlst
6 d hlefj wdfstàdt
< d gur àccdr
0 d cd`l tap
4 d cfele suft
2 d cy`rd swfjsuft
; d sfcm s`drg
7 d vlcvlt oaw tfl
? d waac `drhfbde
44 cldtklr sdehdcs
4> sulhl oaats
? DHIL@XFWLP XA HLP@_FOL @CAXKLP DEH XKL RDV ^LA^CL H_LPP

d 4 Pkl dcwdys wldrs `dsudc `catkls ta warm ‐ skl kdtls hrlssfeb garjdccy.
? Kl caams rldccy s`ruggy. Kfs `catkls drl ach deh d oft hfrty.
0 Idel caamlh vlry sjdrt fe klr elw suft. Pkl wdetlh ta jdml d baah fjprlssfae.
8 Xkdt tfl‖s d oft ach-gdskfaelh! Fs ft yaur hdh‖s1
< F cfml wldrfeb `cdssf` `catkls tkdt hae‖t ba aut ag gdskfae.
0 WL_OP DEH WL_O ^K_DPLP

d 4 @ F‖j bafeb ta hrlss up taefbkt. F‖j bafeb ta d pdrty.
? D ^cldsl kdeb up yaur àdt. Hae‖t cldvl ft ae tkl `kdfr.
0 G Xklsl ildes hae‖t gft jl. Xkly‖rl taa sjdcc.
8 K Xkdt smfrt rldccy sufts yau. Vau caam brldt fe ft.
< B Vaur odb jdt`kls yaur skals. Xkly‖rl dcjast tkl sdjl àcaur.
7 O F ellh ta blt `kdeblh. F‖vl iust spfct àggll ae jy skfrt.
2 L Kurry up deh blt uehrlsslh. Ft‖s odtk tfjl.
; F Blt up deh blt hrlsslh. Orldmgdst fs ae tkl tdocl.
6 H Xkdt tfl halse‖t rldccy ba wftk yaur skfrt. Xkly hae‖t caam baah tabltklr.
8 ^_AE\E@FDXFAE vawlc sauehs
d 4 /ɩ/ : skart ? /dɩ/ : hfpktkaeb 0 /lɩ/ : hfpktkaeb 8 /ɓ / : caeb < /u / : caeb
o 4 strfplh ? pcdfe 0 cldtklr 8 s`ruggy < waac
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8tk lhftfae
< CFPXLEFEB & P^LDMFEB uehlrstdehfeb d hfsùssfae ‐ apfefaes,

lxpcdedtfaes, lxdjpcls
o D0 O< @? H8 G4
` 4X
? G (Xkly sajltfjls hrlss achlr ta blt feta puos deh odrs.)
0X
8X
< G (Kl caams brldt.)
7 G (Jast jle hae‖t hrlss cfml tkdt eawdhdys.)
l Cfzd Rldr wkdtlvlr yau tkfem sufts yau deh jdmls yau gllc baah.
Dhrfde Hrlss gar tkl dbl yau drl , eat gar tkl dbl yau wfsk yau wlrl .
2 WFHLA CFPXLEFEB
d Ld`k pdfr ag ildes fs jdhl oy kdeh.
o ? `cdssf`
0 Jlbkde Jdrmcl (tkl Hu`klss ag Pusslx)
8 Fe ?>>? ol`dusl tkl prlvfaus gd`tary `caslh hawe deh tkl wdetlh ta blt plapcl‖s iaos od`m.
< Jdey ag tkl garjlr gd`tary‖s warmlrs
7 4;>
2 Xkly leàurdbl plapcl eat ta wdsk tklfr ildes gar 0 ar 7 jaetks.
4? Lebcfsk Gfcl © Axgarh \efvlrsfty ^rlss ?>?>
8tk lhftfae
4 & ? _lvfsl deh @kl`m
B_DJJD_
d 4 doaut ? hfh 0 hals 8 Kdvl < olle
o 4 d ? o 0 o 8 ` < o 7 o 2 d ; ` 6 d 4> `
WA@DO\CD_V
d 4 tljplrlh ? doslet 0 gfstlh 8 àegfhlet < gdskfaelh
o 4 ocllh ? swaccle 0 odehdbl 8 taatkd`kl < rdsk
` 4 gllc ? sprdfelh 0 gdfetlh 8 gft < `kdeblh
h 4 pcdfe (tkl atklrs drl d pdttlre)

? sjdrt (tkl atklrs drl d typl ag jdtlrfdc)
0 àccdr (tkl atklrs drl dhil`tfvls)
8 cy`rd (tkl atklrs drl ftljs ag `catkfeb)
< s`ruggy (tkl atklrs drl pasftfvl dhil`tfvls)
l 4 avlr ? hawe 0 tkraw 8 up < kdeb
^_AE\E@FDXFAE
d 4 d`kl /m/ ? sulhl /s/ 0 strfplh /dɩ/ 8 wldr /lɖ/ < àubk /ɟ/
o 4 fe`rlhfocy ? ofb-kldhlh 0 detfofatf`s 8 swfjsuft < gdskfaedocl
@DE VA\ uehlrstdeh tkfs tlxt1

d Ea, tkly hae‖t.
o 4o ?` 0o 8`
@DE VA\ uehlrstdeh tklsl plapcl1

4` ?o 0d 8`
8tk lhftfae
0D Gdstle yaur sldt olcts
4 CFPXLEFEB & WA@DO\CD_V uehlrstdehfeb garjdc cdebudbl fe

deeaue`ljlets= dfr trdvlc
d D^ OX @X H^ L^ G^ BX KX F^ I^
o 4 Xkl trdfe wfcc eaw cldvl graj pcdtgarj 40.

? Xkl trdfe kds olle `de`lcclh.
0 Xkl gfrst-`cdss àd`kls drl dt tkl graet ag tkl trdfe.
8 Vau ellh ta `kdebl dt tkl elxt stap (Caehae Orfhbl).
` 4 Ae tkl pcdel. _lcdx deh leiay tkl gcfbkt.

? Ae tkl pcdel. ^dy dttletfae ta tkl sdglty festru`tfaes deh ca`dtl yaur eldrlst ljlrble`y lxft.
0 Fe tkl dfrpart tlrjfedc. Ba ta Bdtl 0 fjjlhfdtlcy.
8 Ae tkl pcdel. Gdstle yaur sldt olcts deh pcd`l dcc odbbdbl uehlr yaur sldt, put yaur sldts deh
trdys fe tkl uprfbkt pasftfae, deh ture agg dcc lcl`traef` hlvf`ls.
< Fe tkl dfrpart tlrjfedc. ^dssleblrs wftk `kfchrle deh ellhfeb spl`fdc dssfstde`l `de olbfe
oadrhfeb= kdvl oadrhfeb pdss deh FH rldhy.
7 Ae tkl pcdel. ^cldsl blt agg tkl pcdel oy tkl graet ar rldr lxfts= rljljolr ta tdml yaur
olcaebfebs wftk yau.
h 4 doaut ? gfeh 0 ba ta 8 put, pkaels / f^dhs / cdptaps, lt`. < ellhfeb 7 blt agg, od`m
Wa`doucdry Odem Dfr trdvlc
4 DX XKL DF_Â_X
d 4 D Dfrpart tlrjfedc
? H Odb hrap
0 F Odbbdbl rl`cdfj
8 @ @kl`m-fe hlsm
< I @ustajs
7 O Hlpdrturls oadrh
2 B Bdtl
; K _uewdy
6 L Plùrfty
4> G Cauebl
? AE OAD_H
d ? raw 0 turoucle`l 8 `dofe `rlw < sldt olcts 7 hfrl`t gcfbkts 2 àeel`tfeb gcfbkt ; caeb-
kduc gcfbkts 6 ilt cdb
0 X_DWLC, X_F^, A_ IA\_ELV1

d 4 Kdvl d baah trfp! Kapl tkl wldtklr‖s brldt!
? D Hfh yau kdvl d baah iaurely klrl1
O Ea, jy gcfbkt wds hlcdylh gar sfx kaurs.
0 Ha yau kdvl ta trdvlc ju`k fe yaur iao1
8 Rl‖rl bafeb ae d gfvl-hdy trfp ta tkl jauetdfes.
o 4 Xrdvlc fs earjdccy uslh ds d vlro. Kawlvlr, ft `de ol uslh ds de ueàuetdocl eaue.

? Iaurely jldes tkl tfjl wkle yau trdvlc graj ael pcd`l ta deatklr, out hals eat fe`cuhl tkl
tfjl yau stdy tklrl.
8tk lhftfae
0 Xkl eaue trfp jldes ta ba sajlwklrl deh àjl od`m, fe`cuhfeb tkl tfjl yau stdy tklrl, l.b. d
ousfelss trfp.
8 ^K_DPDC WL_OP _LCDXLH XA DF_ X_DWLC

d 4 Jy kusodeh hrapplh jl agg dt tkl dfrpart twa kaurs olgarl tkl gcfbkt.
? F `kl`mlh fe aecfel tkl hdy olgarl F wds bafeb ta gcy.
0 Ds saae ds F bat ae tkl pcdel, F put jy odb fe tkl avlrkldh ca`mlr.
8 Xkl pcdel taam agg cdtl ol`dusl ag tkl odh wldtklr.
< Rkle F pf`mlh up jy cubbdbl dt odbbdbl rl`cdfj, F oujplh feta de ach grfleh wka kdh olle
ae tkl sdjl gcfbkt.
7 F gfcclh fe tkl fjjfbrdtfae garj gar tkl \P, wkf`k tkl `dofe `rlw bdvl jl skartcy olgarl
cdehfeb.
2 Rkle F bat agg tkl pcdel, F glct lxkdustlh dgtlr tkl caeb gcfbkt.
; Jy gcfbkt drrfvlh rldccy cdtl dt efbkt, out cu`mfcy, d grfleh pf`mlh jl up dt tkl dfrpart.
? _LDHFEB usfeb d hfdbrdj ta uehlrstdeh d tlxt

o Fg yau wdet d spllhy lxft 8@
Fg yau wdet ta scllp 8C
Fg yau hae‖t cfml turoucle`l 44@
Fg yau ellh jarl clbraaj 4>C
Fg yau wdet d olttlr hfefeb lxplrfle`l 0I
Fg yau‖rl sdglty-àes`faus ?4O
Fg yau wdet ta kdvl de ljpty sldt elxt ta yau 47I, 47C
` 4 avlrkldh ca`mlr ? dctftuhl 0 `dofe 8 caw-àst < lvdùdtfae 7 spl`fdc dssfstde`l 2 lebfel
; tdfc
B_DJJD_ FE @AEXL[X
l ? su`k d 0 sa 8 sa jdey < sa ju`k 7 su`k
8 CFPXLEFEB
o 4 Rkle tkl wfeh `kdebls hfrl`tfae suhhlecy. ? Ea. 0 Xdml-agg fs scfbktcy jarl hdeblraus.
8 Pa tkly drle‖t hfstrd`tlh. < Vls, hlgfeftlcy. 7 Ea, elvlr.
` 4 Rkle tkl wfeh `kdebls hfrl`tfae vlry suhhlecy, lspl`fdccy hurfeb tdml-agg deh cdehfeb.
? Ea, ft fse‖t, tkaubk pdssleblrs skauch wldr tklfr sldt olcts.
0 Xkly‖rl oatk hdeblraus, out tdml-agg fs scfbktcy jarl hdeblraus.
8 Ol`dusl tkl `rlw hae‖t wdet pdssleblrs ta ol hfstrd`tlh fg tklrl‖s de ljlrble`y, deh tkly hae‖t
wdet tkl trdy tdocls ta blt fe tkl wdy fg tklrl‖s de lvdùdtfae.
< Vls, hlgfeftlcy, lspl`fdccy ta fhletfgy tkl eldrlst ljlrble`y lxft.
7 Ea, elvlr, deh kl kds olle gcyfeb sfe`l kl wds 47.
< B_DJJD_ edrrdtfvl tlesls, pdst plrgl`t àetfeuaus

d Xkl Hdfcy Jdfc sdfh tkdt tkl pfcat kdh tach pdssleblrs tkly wauch praodocy kdvl ta gcy wftk iust
ael lebfel warmfeb deh dsmlh fg tkly wdetlh ta stdy ae tkl pcdel ar blt agg. Fe gd`t, tkl pfcat iust
dsmlh tkl pdssleblrs fg tkly wdetlh ta blt agg tkl pcdel ar eat, wkfcl kl wds tryfeb ta stdrt tkl
lebfels.
o 4 oadrhlh ? wlrl sfttfeb 0 dsmlh 8 wds tryfeb < kdh dsmlh 7 sdfh 2 pravfhlh ; cdehlh
4< Lebcfsk Gfcl © Axgarh \efvlrsfty ^rlss ?>?>
8tk lhftfae
` Xkurshdy deh Grfhdy

^dst plrgl`t àetfeuaus
Brdjjdr Odem 0D
d 4 wlrl `kl`mfeb fe ? kdh wae 0 kdh olle caamfeb garwdrh ta 8 kdh garbattle < kdh drrfvlh
7 rde 2 wlet ; wds gfccfeb fe 6 kurrflh 4> bat
o
4 F wds rldccy glh up ol`dusl wl‖h / kdh olle qulufeb gar kaurs.
? Pkl wlet ta tkl pacf`l ta rlpart tkdt sajlael kdh stacle klr odb.
0 Ft‖h / kdh olle rdfefeb dcc jarefeb.
8 Pkl bat ta warm cdtl ol`dusl skl‖h / kdh clgt klr pkael dt kajl deh kdh kdh ta ba od`m deh blt
ft.
< Kl‖h / kdh `kdeblh d cat sfe`l F cdst sdw kfj.
7 Xkly‖h / kdh olle sfttfeb fe tkl sue dcc jarefeb deh tkly kdhe‖t put ae dey sue `rldj.
2 F àuch sll graj tklfr lxprlssfaes tkdt jy pdrlets kdh olle drbufeb.
; Ilss kdh d odehdbl ae klr drj ol`dusl skl‖h / kdh gdccle agg klr ofml tkdt jarefeb.
6 F wds djdzlh ol`dusl F‖h / kdh elvlr slle su`k de learjaus pcdel olgarl.
4> Kaw caeb kdh yau olle wdcmfeb olgarl yau rldcfzlh tkdt yau wlrl cast1
l Pajl passfocl wdys ta àjpcltl tkl sletle`ls

4 …hfhe‖t kdvl kfs cfbkts / sldt olct ae.
…wds usfeb kfs jaofcl.
…kdh bael tkraubk d rlh (trdggf`) cfbkt.
…kdh olle hrfvfeb taa gdst.
? …ft wds vlry kat.
…jy elfbkoaurs wlrl jdmfeb d eafsl.
…F kdh kdh d ùp ag àggll dgtlr hfeelr.
…F kdh olle warryfeb doaut warm.
7 ^_AE\E@FDXFAE frrlbucdr pdst garjs, sletle`l rkytkj

l 4 kdpplelh ? gcyfeb 0 rldhfeb 8 wdt`kfeb < kldrh 7 turelh 2 kdvfeb ; `djl 6 oare
8tk lhftfae
0O D rldccy baah lehfeb1
4 B_DJJD_ tkl pasftfae ag dhvlros deh dhvlrofdc pkrdsls

o 4H ?D 0O 8@
` Xfjl9 dt ae`l, dt cdst

Jdeelr9 `drlguccy, sfcletcy, debrfcy
Hlbrll9 ju`k, dosacutlcy
@ajjlet9 uegartuedtlcy
Grlqule`y9 dcwdys
h 4 Kl spldms Grle`k deh Ppdefsk gculetcy.

? F kdrhcy lvlr usl puocf` trdespart.
0 F tkaubkt F‖h cast jy pkael, out gartuedtlcy ft wds fe jy odb.
8 Ft‖s lxtrljlcy fjpartdet tkdt yau drrfvl ae tfjl.
< Rkle F gfeh aut, F‖cc tlcc yau fjjlhfdtlcy.
Brdjjdr Odem 0O
d 4 d cat Pkl cfmlh tkl prlslet d cat.

? vlry cdtl , cdst efbkt Jdrm `djl kajl vlry cdtl cdst efbkt.
0 dgtlr d glw jfeutls
8 odhcy D yaueb jde wds odhcy kurt deh wds tdmle ta kaspftdc.
< fe`rlhfocy
7 d oft Pkl‖s d oft cdzy doaut hafeb klr kajlwarm.
2 dcjast , gartuedtlcy F dcjast garbat yaur ofrtkhdy, out gartuedtlcy, jy sfstlr rljfehlh jl.
; cu`mfcy , strdfbkt dwdy Cu`mfcy, wl kdh tdmle de ujorlccd ol`dusl ft stdrtlh ta rdfe strdfbkt
dwdy.
6 dcwdys , kldctkfcy , agtle
4> dppdrletcy Dppdrletcy, Iake kds olle sd`mlh.
o 4 Xklfr kausl wds odhcy hdjdblh fe tkl gfrl cdst wllm.

? Ole fs agtle dt kfs grfleh‖s kausl fe tkl lvlefeb.
0 Jy gdtklr usudccy kds d edp fe tkl dgtlreaae.
8 Iucfd clgt ldrcy deh skl hfhe‖t lvle sdy baahoyl.
< Jdrtfe dcwdys ldts fe`rlhfocy quf`mcy.
7 Dppdrletcy, kfs oratklr eldrcy hflh fe d smffeb d``fhlet.
2 Rl‖rl praodocy bafeb ta tkl `feljd taefbkt.
; F rdrlcy sleh ljdfcs eawdhdys.
6 F‖vl iust oaubkt d rldccy oldutfguc elw àdt.
4> Lvletudccy, Mdrle rldcfzlh tkdt skl wds elvlr bafeb ta cldre ta hrfvl.
g âssfocl deswlrs
4 …kdh iust clgt.
? …suhhlecy tkl jusf` stapplh / tkl lcl`trf`fty wlet agg.
0 …cu`mfcy, kl gaueh ft fe kfs pa`mlt / ft wds fe kfs pa`mlt.
8 …fe gd`t, tkly kdvl elvlr jlt.
< …ft wds rdfefeb (sa) kdrh, lt`.
7 …kl wds spldmfeb fe`rlhfocy gdst / quf`mcy.
8tk lhftfae
? WA@DO\CD_V dhvlros deh dhvlrofdc pkrdsls

d Hdh
o d eldr : `casl ta, eldrcy : dcjast

o cdtl : eldr tkl leh ag d plrfah ag tfjl, cdtlcy : rl`letcy
Wa`doucdry Odem Dhvlros deh dhvlrofdc pkrdsls
4 @AEG\PFEB DHWL_OP DEH DHWL_OFDC ^K_DPLP

d 4 Kl trdfes vlry kdrh ‐ dt cldst tkrll kaurs d hdy. Ft‖s fe`rlhfocy gabby. F `de kdrhcy sll deytkfeb.
? F kdtl ft wkle plapcl drrfvl cdtl gar jlltfebs. F kdvle‖t kldrh graj Jfml cdtlcy. Kl just ol
vlry ousy.
0 Dt tkl leh ag d gfcj, F dcwdys stdy deh wdt`k tkl `rlhfts racc. F hfhe‖t wdet ta ba, out fe tkl leh
tkly plrsudhlh jl.
8 F cavl jast mfehs ag jusf`, out lspl`fdccy idzz. Jy wlhhfeb hrlss wds spl`fdccy jdhl gar jl
oy d hrlssjdmlr.
< Pkl caams yaueblr tkde jl, out d`tudccy skl‖s twa yldrs achlr. Dt tkl jajlet tkly‖rl rletfeb d
gcdt, out tkly‖rl kapfeb ta ouy ael saae.
7 F‖vl eldrcy gfefsklh jy oaam. F‖j ae tkl cdst `kdptlr. Lxùsl jl, fs tklrl d odem eldr klrl1
2 Kdvl yau gaueh d iao ylt1 Kl‖s tkfrty-gfvl, out kl stfcc cfvls wftk kfs pdrlets.
; Kdvl yau lvlr olle ta tkl \PD1 F‖vl olle dcc avlr tkl \PD ‐ F‖vl lvle olle ta Dcdsmd!
? @AJJLEX DHWL_OP
d 4 fhldccy ? fe gd`t 0 odsf`dccy 8 aovfauscy < brdhudccy 7 dppdrletcy 2 `lrtdfecy
; lvletudccy
0 ^_AE\E@FDXFAE warh strlss deh fetaedtfae

d dosacutlcy d`tudccy dppdrletcy odsf`dccy hlgfeftlcy lspl`fdccy lvletudccy gartuedtlcy
brdhudccy fhldccy fe`rlhfocy cu`mfcy aovfauscy uegartuedtlcy
7 _LDHFEB & CFPXLEFEB rldhfeb gar pcldsurl

d Pubblstlh deswlrs
4 skl wds sa`fdccy djoftfaus, out paar.
? skl wds ildcaus ag klr cfgl ag cuxury.
0 kl kdh bat de fevftdtfae ta d pdrty dt tkl Jfefstry.
8 skl kdh eatkfeb ta wldr ta tkl pdrty.
< kfs wfgl hfhe‖t wdet ta ba ta tkl pdrty deh kl kdh bael ta d cat ag trauocl ta blt tkl fevftdtfae.
7 kl kdh dcrldhy sdvlh tkl jaely gar kfjslcg.
2 skl hfhe‖t kdvl dey ilwlcclry.
; skl clet klr d oldutfguc el`mcd`l ta wldr.
o 4 Vls, skl hfh. Pkl wds tkl prlttflst ag dcc, dcc tkl jle dhjfrlh klr, skl hde`lh dcc efbkt.
? Xkly wdcmlh deh tkle bat d `do.
0 Xkdt skl kdh cast Jdhdjl Garlstflr‖s el`mcd`l.
8 Klr kusodeh wlet aut ta caam gar tkl el`mcd`l.
< Xkly hl`fhlh ta ouy deatklr el`mcd`l.
7 Xkly uslh tklfr sdvfebs deh oarrawlh tkl rlst.
2 Pkl rld`tlh àchcy deh tach Jdtkfchl skl skauch kdvl rlturelh tkl el`mcd`l saaelr.
4; Lebcfsk Gfcl © Axgarh \efvlrsfty ^rlss ?>?>
8tk lhftfae
` 4 Xkly javlh ta d sjdcc dttf` wftk ea slrvdet. Pkl kdh ta ha dcc tkl kauslwarm deh skappfeb, deh
wldr ware-aut `catkls.
? Kl warmlh fe tkl lvlefeb deh dt efbkt.
0 Xkly kdh pdfh lvlrytkfeb od`m tkdt tkly awlh.
8 Jdtkfchl eaw caamlh cfml de ach wajde.
h Pubblstlh deswlr gar tkl jlssdbl ag tkl stary

Xkl jardc ag tkl stary fs tkdt yau skauch ol kdppy wftk wkdt yau kdvl.
2 R_FXFEB d skart stary

d Kl wratl de ljdfc wkf`k kdh d elbdtfvl àjjlet doaut kfs oass‖s wfgl fe ft deh kl d``fhletdccy
slet ft ta kfs oass. Kl wds sd`mlh.
o ? quftl 0 wlcc 8 dbbrlssfvl < grlquletcy 7 elw 2 gaeh ; quf`m 6 fjjlhfdtlcy 4> De kaur
cdtlr
` ‛F wdet ta tdcm ta yau doaut de ljdfc yau slet,‖ Jr Pfjpsae sdfh àchcy.
h 4 Dt tkdt jajlet ? Ds saae ds 0 Xle jfeutls cdtlr 8 Ael jarefeb fe Plptljolr

< iust fe tfjl
8tk lhftfae
?&0 @ACCAT\FDC LEBCFPK Xdcmfeb doaut…oaams

o Rdrrfar P`drclt wds klr gdvaurftl oaam wkle skl wds d `kfch. Klr jatklr rldh Cfttcl Kausl ae tkl
^rdfrfl ta klr oratklr. Klr gdtklr rldh Jausl Kausl ta klr wkle skl wds d `kfch. Eartklre
Cfbkts fs d `cdssf` oaam oy ^kfcfp ûccjde, wka fs klr gdvaurftl `kfchrle‖s wrftlr.
` 4 G (Pkl rldhs ft ae`l d yldr.)

?X
0 G (Pkl halse‖t tkfem klr jatklr rldh ta klr deh `de aecy rljljolr klr gdtklr rldhfeb ael oaam
ta klr dcauh.)
8 G (Kl cavlh rldhfeb dcauh deh wds vlry kdppy ta ha ft wkle kl `djl kajl graj warm.)
<X

d 4O ?D 0@
o 4 gfehfeb tkl rfbkt oaam ? agtle 0 skauch 8 `kfchrle, pdrlets < skauche‖t

d 4 Oatk ? Ea 0 Vls
o 4 Pkl fs rlglrrfeb ta pdplr oaams deh lOaams.

? Rkle tlclvfsfae gfrst stdrtlh, plapcl sdfh tkdt `kfchrle wauch stap rldhfeb deh wdt`k XW.
0 _ldhfeb deh cfstlefeb ta jusf` dt tkl sdjl tfjl
8 Ft‖s kdrhlr ta gfeh tfjl ta blt dosarolh fe d oaam, ds yau dcwdys kdvl atklr tkfebs yau kdvl ta
ha.
< Pkl jldes tkdt yau suhhlecy blt d gllcfeb tkdt yau just meaw kaw tkl stary gfefskls deh tkdt
yau wfcc `drry ae rldhfeb uetfc yau ha.
? d`tudccy 0 F jlde 8 dcc rfbkt < sart ag 7 yau meaw
0 XKL @AEWL_PDXFAE
d H rlàjjlehs ael oaam.
L rlàjjlehs jarl tkde ael oaam.
F halse‖t rlàjjleh d spl`fgf` oaam.
o 4@ ?O 0O 8D <D 7@ 2O ;O 6@
h 4 cfml ? mfeh ag 0 tkfebs cfml tkdt 8 sart ag

4 ea ? yls 0 yls 8 yls
?> Lebcfsk Gfcl © Axgarh \efvlrsfty ^rlss ?>?>

8tk lhftfae
8D Ptarjy wldtklr
? B_DJJD_ guturl plrgl`t deh guturl àetfeuaus

` d dcc tkl aels olbfeefeb wftk wfcc kdvl, l.b. wfcc kdvl festdcclh, wfcc kdvl stapplh, lt`.
o dcc tkl aels wftk wfcc ol + -feb garj, l.b. wfcc ol rl`y`cfeb, wfcc ol `y`cfeb, lt`.
Brdjjdr Odem 8D
d 4 Dt 4>.>> tkly‖cc / wfcc ol gcyfeb ta Blelvd.

? Oy tkl leh ag tkl yldr, F‖cc / wfcc kdvl sdvlh ₣?,8>>.
0 Dt 2.>> tajarraw, skl‖cc / wfcc ol hrfvfeb ta warm.
8 Hae‖t `dcc jl dt ?.0> ol`dusl wl‖cc / wfcc ol kdvfeb d jlltfeb.
< Oy Iuel, kl‖cc / wfcc kdvl pdfh gar kfs `dr.
7 Oy tkl leh ag Jdy, tkly‖cc / wfcc kdvl gfefsklh tklfr lxdjs.
2 Oy tkl leh ag tkfs wllm, skl‖cc / wfcc kdvl wrfttle gfvl `kdptlrs.
; Ft‖s 2.>> deh skl‖cc / wfcc ol warmfeb aut dt tkl byj.
o 4 wae‖t ol cyfeb ? ‖cc / wfcc ol warmfeb 0 wfcc kdvl hfsdppldrlh 8 wfcc kdvl hauoclh
< wfcc kdvl javlh 7 wfcc kdvl brawe 2 wfcc kdvl rue aut ; wfcc kdvl fevletlh
6 ‖cc / wfcc ol blttfeb
0 WA@DO\CD_V wldtklr
o ? kldvy 0 tkf`m 8 f`y < `cldr 7 orfbkt 2 `kdebldocl ; sueey 6 slttclh
Wa`doucdry Odem Rldtklr
4 RKDX‖P XKL RLDXKL_ CFML1

d 4 Ft‖s àac.
? Ft‖s `kfccy.
0 Ft‖s grllzfeb.
8 Ft‖s olcaw zlra.
< Ft‖s jfch.
7 Ft‖s wdrj.
2 Ft‖s oafcfeb. Ft‖s sàr`kfeb.
; Ft‖s kujfh.
6 Ft‖s hdjp.
4> Ft‖s hrfzzcfeb.
44 Xklrl drl skawlrs.
4? Ft‖s paurfeb.
40 Xklrl‖s d orllzl.
o 4 Rkle tkl wldtklr‖s gabby ar jfsty, ar tklrl‖s sjab, ft‖s hfggfùct ta sll.
? Jfst fse‖t usudccy vlry tkf`m, deh agtle a`ùrs fe tkl jauetdfes ar eldr tkl sld.
0 Gab fs tkf`mlr deh `de ol gaueh fe tawes deh fe tkl àuetry.
8 Pjab fs `duslh oy paccutfae deh usudccy a`ùrs fe ofb `ftfls.
? L[X_LJL RLDXKL_
d 4 kldtwdvl ? hraubkt 0 kdfc 8 cfbktefeb < tkuehlr 7 ocfzzdrh 2 gcaah ; kurrf`del
6 jaesaae
?4 Lebcfsk Gfcl © Axgarh \efvlrsfty ^rlss ?>?>

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8tk lhftfae
0 DHIL@XFWLP XA HLP@_FOL RLDXKL_

d ? kldvy 0 tkf`m 8 f`y < `cldr 7 orfbkt 2 `kdebldocl ; sueey 6 slttclh
8 ^_AE\E@FDXFAE vawlc sauehs

o ? pkael 0 oaat 8 up < lbb 7 trll 2 karsl ; gfsk 6 ofml 4> ldr
< _LDHFEB s`deefeb gar lxdjpcls

d Ft‖s doaut skdrfeb starfls doaut kaw `cfjdtl `kdebl kds dggl`tlh plapcl fe hfgglrlet pdrts ag tkl
warch.
o Hfded Jd`fdbd fs graj âcdeh.

\jolrta @rlspa ^dcjdrfta fs graj @uod.
Edhfel Clgart fs graj @dedhd.
Kdrau Dodss Kdhfzd fs graj Efblr.
Lgclhd Odutfstd fs graj tkl ^kfcfppfels.
Iarhde Kdjdhd fs graj tkl \PD.
` 4 Lgclhd ‐ Xkly kdh ael jaetk‖s rdfegdcc fe ael ar twa hdys deh lvlrywklrl wds gcaahlh.
? \jolrta ‐ Xkly uslh ta sdy tkdt ?4st Plptljolr wds wkle tkl wldtklr `kdeblh.
0 Iarhde ‐ Cas Deblcls deh Jdekdttde wfcc lvletudccy ol uehlrwdtlr ‐ d s`dry tkaubkt.
8 Kdrau ‐ Xkl rfvlr uslh ta ol hllp deh brlle deh tkly uslh ta swfj fe ft, out eaw ft‖s husty deh
hfrty.
< Hfded ‐ Xkfs jldes tkl plrfah oltwlle wfetlr deh sprfeb, wkf`k halse‖t rldccy lxfst dey jarl.
7 Edhfel ‐ Jdey oldutfguc praplrtfls deh pdrms ae tkl àdsts wfcc hfsdppldr ol`dusl ag lrasfae.
7 CFPXLEFEB uehlrstdehfeb lxdjpcls

o 4 D jltlaracabfst àccl`ts tkl hdtd, deh d wldtklr prlsletlr prlslets tkl fegarjdtfae ae rdhfa ar
XW.
? Gfvl ta slvle hdys
0 Eat fe hltdfc, out tkly `de bfvl d blelrdc trleh.
8 Xkuehlrstarjs
< Ol`dusl ft dggl`ts lvlrytkfeb tkly ha, ol`dusl tkl wldtklr `kdebls dcc tkl tfjl.
7 Kl halse‖t tkfem ft kds `kdeblh sfbefgf`detcy ‐ tklrl‖s d oft jarl lxtrljl wldtklr deh ft‖s d oft
wdrjlr.
2 ^lssfjfstf`
` 4 Caw `cauh dt dfrparts, meawfeb wkle ft‖s bafeb ta `cldr

? Xkl wldtklr fe tkl Dr`tf` deh tkl Fehfde A`lde `de dggl`t tkl wldtklr fe tkl \M.
0 Vau `de sll cfbktefeb javfeb fesfhl tkl `cauhs, skawfeb tkl skdpl ag tkl `cauhs.
8 Hrfvfeb ta deh graj warm, wkdt ta wldr wkle wl‖rl bafeb aut, puttfeb tkl kldtfeb ae, wkdt‖s fe
tkl skaps, kaw wl gllc
< De fetlesl kldtwdvl
7 Jarl lxtrljl kldtwdvls, àchlr deh caeblr wfetlrs, jarl rdfe deh gcaahfeb
h Pubblstlh deswlr
Vls ol`dusl kl‖s vlry letkusfdstf`, dcjast paltf`, doaut kfs gdvaurftl mfeh ag wldtklr
(tkuehlrstarjs), deh doaut kaw tkl wldtklr dggl`ts dcjast lvlry dspl`t ag plapcl‖s cfvls.
?? Lebcfsk Gfcl © Axgarh \efvlrsfty ^rlss ?>?>
8tk lhftfae
8O D rfsmy ousfelss
4 CFPXLEFEB gaùsfeb ae tkl jdfe pafets

d 4 , d spart ? , jaely 0 / , d iao 8 , d rlcdtfaeskfp
` 4K ?M 0I 8K <M 7X 2I ;X
0 B_DJJD_ zlra deh gfrst àehftfaedcs, guturl tfjl `cdusls

d 4O ?H 0@ 8B <G 7L 2K ;D
o 4 Dey prlslet garj, l.b. prlslet sfjpcl, prlslet àetfeuaus, prlslet plrgl`t, ar de fjplrdtfvl
? Dey guturl garj, l.b. wfcc, bafeb ta, prlslet àetfeuaus ‐ wftk guturl jldefeb (K), guturl
plrgl`t, guturl àetfeuaus, ar de fjplrdtfvl (H)
` 4d ?o
Brdjjdr Odem 8O
d 4 drle‖t gllcfeb ? ‖cc kdvl sach 0 kdvl 8 kdvl sàrlh < ‖cc ol odtkfeb 7 wae‖t blt
2 drle‖t wldrfeb ; ‖cc `dt`k 6 dcwdys blts 4> wae‖t ba
o 4 F‖j bafeb ta pd`m jy suft`dsl olgarl F ba ta olh.

? Xdml yaur pkael wftk yau fe `dsl yau blt cast.
0 F‖cc ol cldvfeb warm ldrcy tajarraw ueclss tklrl‖s d cdst jfeutl `rfsfs.
8 Clt‖s jllt wkle F‖j fe Caehae elxt wllm.
< Xklrl's d `rfsfs! ^cldsl `dcc jl ds saae ds yau passfocy `de.
7 Fg F‖j cdtl tajarraw, stdrt tkl jlltfeb wftkaut jl.
2 Cfcy wfcc kdvl pd`mlh sajl sdehwf`kls fe `dsl wl blt kuebry.
; Hde wfcc ol pcdyfeb gaatodcc fe tkl pdrm uetfc ft blts hdrm.
6 Xkle, dgtlr wl‖vl ldtle, wl àuch ba gar d wdcm.
4> Hae‖t `dcc tkl ljlrble`y eujolr ueclss ft‖s d rldc ljlrble`y.
l Pubblstlh deswlrs
4 …yau‖rl surl ft‖s fe baah àehftfae.
? …yau‖rl dgrdfh ag ellhcls.
0 …sajlael kds de d``fhlet.
8 …tkly drl dt cldst 48 yldrs ach.
< …yau kdvl d praoclj wkle yau‖rl ae kacfhdy.
7 …hlstray tkl ach ael fjjlhfdtlcy.
2 …yau‖vl tach sajlael wklrl yau‖rl bafeb.
; …yau‖cc ellh ta cldre tkl cdebudbl.
8 ^_AE\E@FDXFAE cfemlh pkrdsls

d ds saae ds
d) Ds deh saae drl cfemlh ol`dusl ds gfefskls wftk tkl /z/ saueh deh saae stdrts wftk tkl vlry
sfjfcdr saueh /s/.
o) Paae deh ds drl cfemlh ol`dusl saae lehs wftk d àesaedet saueh (/e/) deh ds olbfes wftk d
vawlc saueh (/d/).
8tk lhftfae
o 4 ueclss ft‖s de ? gdr ds F‖j 0 deh doavl dcc 8 su`k de djdzfeb < skart tfjl dba 7 wartk ft fe
2 Gfrst ag dcc ; Fe de fhldc
< _LDHFEB sujjdrfzfeb de drbujlet

d 4 wfebsuft gcyfeb ? ouebll iujpfeb 0 smyhfvfeb 8 pdrdbcfhfeb
o Pts skauch kdvl tf`mlh ?, 8, deh <.
` 4 44> jpk ? 00 0 Hlde âttlr, Brdkdj Kuet 8 <6,726 < 07% 7 Ilss @ax 2 Ptlpk Hdvfs
h Kl jldes tkdt plapcl ellh ta cldre ta ha tklj olttlr, l.b. jarl lclbdetcy, rdtklr tkde jarl
hdeblrauscy.
7 WA@DO\CD_V lxprlssfaes wftk tdml

d 4 Rkdt‖s tkl gfrst lxtrljl spart yau hfh1 Rkle wds ft1
? Rkdt atklr lxtrljl sparts kdvl yau hael1
0 Rky ha yau leiay lxtrljl sparts1
8 Drl yau lvlr dgrdfh tkdt yau jfbkt blt feiurlh ar mfcclh1
< Rky ha yau tkfem lxtrljl sparts drl olàjfeb jarl papucdr1
7 Ha yau tkfem lxtrljl sparts drl jarl papucdr wftk jle tkde wftk wajle1
o 4 Pmffeb= wkle F wds sfx

? Jauetdfe ofmfeb, ra`m `cfjofeb, f`l-wdcmfeb, wkftl-wdtlr rdgtfeb
0 F cavl tdmfeb rfsms= F cavl tkl dhrledcfel rusk.
8 F hae‖t rldccy tkfem doaut blttfeb feiurlh ar mfcclh.
< Ol`dusl tkly‖rl olàjfeb jarl d``lssfocl, deh tklrl‖s ju`k jarl lxpasurl tkde olgarl ae XW
deh ae sa`fdc jlhfd. Ft‖s tkl dhrledcfel rusk tkdt plapcl rldccy leiay.
7 F tkfem ft‖s olàjfeb d oft jarl lqudc oltwlle jle deh wajle, out jle stfcc hajfedtl.
` 4 dgtlr ? rfsms 0 pdrt

4 tdml dgtlr so : ta caam ar olkdvl cfml de achlr jljolr ag yaur gdjfcy, lspl`fdccy yaur jatklr ar
gdtklr
? tdml rfsms : ta ha stk lvle tkaubk yau meaw tkdt stk odh àuch kdpple ds d rlsuct
0 tdml pdrt fe : ta ol fevacvlh fe stk
h 4 tdml `drl ag : `drl gar so / stk / yaurslcg= ta ol `drlguc doaut stk

? tdml dhvdetdbl ag : jdml usl ag stk wlcc= ta jdml usl ag de appartuefty
0 tdml pcd`l : kdpple, lspl`fdccy dgtlr prlvfauscy olfeb drrdeblh ar pcdeelh
8 tdml yaur tfjl : usl ds ju`k tfjl ds yau ellh wftkaut kurryfeb
< tdml feta d`àuet : àesfhlr pdrtfùcdr gd`ts, `frùjstde`ls, lt`. wkle jdmfeb d hl`fsfae doaut
stk
7 tdml ea eatf`l : pdy ea dttletfae
2 tdml pfty ae : skaw àjpdssfae, gllc sarry gar
; tdml agg : rljavl= cldvl tkl braueh deh olbfe ta gcy
6 tdml up : cldre ar stdrt ta ha stk, lspl`fdccy gar pcldsurl
4> tdml ta : stdrt cfmfeb so
44 tdml dbdfest : ta stdrt eat cfmfeb so / stk gar ea `cldr rldsae
4? tdml aut : ba ta d rlstdurdet, tkldtrl, `cuo, lt`. wftk so yau kdvl fevftlh= rljavl
8tk lhftfae
l Pts D
4 dgtlr ? `drl ag 0 dhvdetdbl ag 8 pcd`l < eatf`l
Pts O
4 yaur tfjl ? up, up 0 feta d`àuet 8 ta, dbdfest < aut
2 R_FXFEB gar deh dbdfest

o ? gar lxdjpcl 0 Deatklr dhvdetdbl 8 Gurtklrjarl / Fe dhhftfae < Ae tkl atklr kdeh
7 Dctkaubk 2 gar lxdjpcl ; Ol`dusl ag 6 Gurtklrjarl / Fe dhhftfae 4> Xa suj up
` Xa cfst dhvdetdbls / hfsdhvdetdbls9 deatklr dhvdetdbl

Xa dhh jarl pafets ta tkl sdjl tapf`9 gurtklrjarl, fe dhhftfae
Xa fetrahu`l de lxdjpcl9 gar lxdjpcl
Xa jdml àetrdstfeb pafets9 ae tkl atklr kdeh, dctkaubk
Xa bfvl d rldsae9 ol`dusl ag
Xa fetrahu`l tkl àe`cusfae9 ta suj up
; WFHLA CFPXLEFEB
d Purgfeb klcplh klr ta rlcdx deh blt klr jfeh agg klr praocljs.
o 4 Frlcdeh
? jdtks tld`klr
0 achlr oratklr
8 Lurapl, Fehaelsfd
< kuehrlh, haccdrs
7 jarl papucdr
2 kldctky, gue
; orldtk, rlcdx
6 olst wdvl
4> kurt, mfcclh
?< Lebcfsk Gfcl © Axgarh \efvlrsfty ^rlss ?>?>
8tk lhftfae
0 & 8 _lvfsl deh @kl`m
B_DJJD_
d 4 d ? ` 0 d 8 d < ` 7 ` 2 d ; ` 6 o 4> o
o 4 ‖cc / wfcc ol cyfeb ? wfcc, kdvl stdrtlh 0 kds cdehlh / cdehs 8 hrfem < gfefsk / ‖vl gfefsklh
WA@DO\CD_V
d 4 bdtl ? odbbdbl rl`cdfj 0 dfscl 8 turoucle`l < ilt cdb
o 4 trfp ? cdtlcy 0 lvle 8 kdrh < lspl`fdccy
` 4 oclw ? hrapplh 0 paurlh 8 bat < taam
h 4 ocfzzdrh (tkl atklrs aecy rlcdtl ta wfeh)

? `kfccy (tkl atklrs rlcdtl ta kat tljplrdturls)
0 hdjp (tkl atklrs drl eaues)
8 orfbkt (tkl atklrs rlcdtl ta àch tljplrdturls)
< hraubkt (tkl atklrs rlcdtl ta starjs)
l 4 fe ? agg 0 up 8 dgtlr < pcd`l
^_AE\E@FDXFAE
d 4 wfehy /ɩ/ ? `cldr /ɩɖ/ 0 cauebl /dʉ/ 8 kujfh /u / < traccly /f /
o 4 lvletudccy ? brdhudccy 0 lspl`fdccy 8 pdssleblr < kurrf`del

d Jauet Jfstf
o 4E ?X 0E 8J <X 7J

4o ?o 0d 8`
8tk lhftfae
<D F‖j d survfvar
4 P^LDMFEB
h 4` ?o 0d 8o <d 7d
? _LDHFEB & CFPXLEFEB rlàbefzfeb pasftfvl deh elbdtfvl lxplrfle`ls

h 4 `kdcclebl ? sa 0 d`tudccy 8 ldsy < tkraubk 7 sf`m 2 fg ; Dctkaubk 6 ds wlcc
4> hlgfeftlcy
Ae odcde`l, skl wds pasftfvl.
g jast ag wkdt wl dtl wds yu``d, wkf`k fs d oft cfml d patdta

tkl wdtlr wl kdh ta wdsk fe wds tkl sld
wkle ft rdfelh
wl wlrl jlltfeb dcc tklsl elw plapcl wl‖h elvlr jlt olgarl
(Kl) tkrlw us aut ag tkl oadt deh tach us ta swfj ta tkl fscdeh.
wl kdh d sparts hdy deh wl kdh d tdclet skaw
cldvfeb tkl fscdeh
b 4 Gar tkl gfrst wllm, tkly hfhe‖t ldt deytkfeb lx`lpt d glw ààeuts.
? Xkly jdedblh ta mfcc d wfch oadr.
0 Xklrl wds tlesfae oltwlle tkl twa braups, deh ft hfhe‖t tdml ju`k gar drbujlets ta a`ùr.
8 Xkl twa braups `djl tabltklr, deh tkly oufct d àjjuedc sklctlr ae tkl old`k fe tkl cdst wllm.
< Dcf survfvlh gar 0< hdys (gfvl wllms) ae tkl fscdeh.
k 40 Xkly cldrelh tkdt tkly wlrl ju`k jarl lggl`tfvl warmfeb tabltklr ds ael ofb tldj.
0 WA@DO\CD_V & ^_AE\E@FDXFAE gllcfebs= warh strlss

d 4 stueelh ? tkrfcclh 0 prauh 8 rlcflvlh
Wa`doucdry Odem Gllcfebs
4 DHIL@XFWLP
d 4 O F gllc rldccy jfslrdocl.
? G F gllc d oft kajlsf`m.
0 L F‖j quftl hfsdppafetlh.
8 B F‖j vlry caelcy.
< F F‖j fe`rlhfocy prauh.
7 K F‖j rldccy glh up.
2 @ F‖j vlry brdtlguc.
; D F‖j vlry upslt.
6 H F‖j sa rlcflvlh.
4> I F‖j vlry agglehlh.
? PX_AEB DHIL@XFWLP
d 4 stueelh ? hlvdstdtlh 0 tkrfcclh 8 hlcfbktlh < dstaefsklh 7 hlsplrdtl 2 avlrwklcjlh
; olwfchlrlh 6 karrfgflh
8tk lhftfae
0 FEGA_JDC RA_HP DEH L[^_LPPFAEP

d&o
4 O F wds s`drlh stfgg wkle F kldrh tkl olhraaj haar aplefeb.
? D Vau caam d oft hawe. Rkdt‖s tkl praoclj1
0 H F‖j dosacutlcy skdttlrlh. F wdet ta rlcdx deh put jy gllt up.
8 G F wds àjpcltlcy baosjd`mlh wkle F kldrh tkdt Xfed wds blttfeb jdrrflh!
< L F‖j sf`m ag kldrfeb yau àjpcdfe doaut yaur iao.
7 @ Rkle Lebcdeh jfsslh tkl pledcty fe tkl cdst jfeutl, wl wlrl dosacutlcy buttlh.
` 4 hlsplrdtl ? agglehlh 0 hfsdppafetlh 8 olwfchlrlh < dstaefsklh 7 hlcfbktlh 2 hlvdstdtlh

; karrfgflh 6 avlrwklcjlh
8 _LDHFEB & CFPXLEFEB uehlrstdehfeb jaah deh gllcfebs

d 4 Dustrdcfd ? Ordzfc, ^lru, @acajofd 0 slàeh-caeblst 8 hdrm < trfols, àetd`t
7 sedmls, grabs, spfhlrs
o 4 Xa ba hllp feta tkl iuebcl gar slvle hdys deh vfsft de uehfsàvlrlh Fehfde vfccdbl
Dgtlr slvle hdys, tkly stfcc kdhe‖t gaueh tkl vfccdbl deh tklrl wlrl tlesfaes fe tkl braup, sa tkly
hl`fhlh ta ture draueh deh ba od`m ta Dpaca, tklfr stdrtfeb pafet.
? d Xkl tkrll grflehs stdrtlh ta suspl`t tkdt Mdrc (tkl bufhl) hfhe‖t meaw wklrl tkl vfccdbl wds.
o Jdrùs wds àjpcdfefeb doaut lvlrytkfeb, lspl`fdccy kfs gllt.
0 Mlvfe wds debry wftk Jdrùs ol`dusl kl tkaubkt ft wds kfs gduct tkdt tkly wlrl kdvfeb ta ùt tkl
trfp skart= Mlvfe deh Vassf hl`fhlh ta rdgt hawe tkl rfvlr, out hfhe‖t wdet Jdrùs ta àjl.
Jdrùs deh Mdrc hl`fhlh ta ba od`m ta Dpaca ae gaat.
` 4 Xkly wlrl oatk tkrawe feta tkl wdtlr wkle tkl rdgt kft d ra`m.
? Kl swdj ta tkl rfvlr odem deh gaueh tklfr od`mpd`m gcadtfeb fe tkl rfvlr, wftk gaah, fesl`t
rlplcclet, d cfbktlr, deh tkl jdp.
0 Mlvfe wds gllcfeb hlsplrdtl deh rlspaesfocl gar wkdt kdh kdpplelh ta Vassf. Vassf wds gllcfeb
quftl aptfjfstf` ol`dusl kl wds surl kl wauch gfeh Mlvfe.
8 D idbudr `djl eldr kfj, out kl grfbktlelh ft dwdy.
< Ol`dusl kl wds lxkdustlh deh stdrvfeb. Xkle kl sdw gaatprfets wkf`k kl tkaubkt wlrl Mlvfe‖s
deh gaccawlh tklj. Xkle kl rldcfzlh tkly wlrl kfs awe.
7 Kl kdh olle caamfeb gar Vassf.
2 Kl hl`fhlh ta sdvl kfjslcg deh clt kfjslcg gcadt hawe tkl rfvlr.
; Kl wds rlsùlh oy twa (Oacfvfde) kuetlrs.
6 Kl wlet ta de drjy odsl deh dsmlh tklj ta caam gar Vassf.
4> Ol`dusl tkl pcdel kdh ta gcy taa kfbk avlr tkl hlesl garlst, sa tkly àuche‖t sll deytkfeb..
44 Kl pdfh d ca`dc jde wftk d oadt ta tdml kfj up tkl rfvlr.
4? Xkrll wllms. Kl wds stdrvfeb, lxkdustlh, deh casfeb kfs jfeh.
40 D oll. Ft wds tkl lebfel ag tkl oadt Mlvfe wds fe.
8 B_DJJD_ uerldc àehftfaedcs

d 4 wlrl kfmfeb, bat cast ? ‖h / wauch `dcc, wauche‖t àegraet 0 kdh olle 8 wauch kdvl hflh
o 0 deh 8 rlglr ta d kypatkltf`dc sftudtfae fe tkl pdst. 4 deh ? rlglr ta d kypatkltf`dc sftudtfae fe tkl
prlslet ar guturl.
?; Lebcfsk Gfcl © Axgarh \efvlrsfty ^rlss ?>?>
8tk lhftfae
Brdjjdr Odem <D
d 4 F wauche‖t kdvl jdhl sa ju`k gaah fg yau‖h tach jl yau wlrle‖t kuebry.
? Fg F wlrl yau, F wauche‖t cleh jaely ta jljolrs ag yaur gdjfcy.
0 Fg Id`m wlrl klrl, F‖h / wauch dsm kfj ta klcp jl.
8 Ial wauche‖t kdvl kdh de d``fhlet fg kl kdhe‖t olle hrfvfeb sa gdst.
< F‖h rue d kdcg-jdrdtkae fg F wlrl / wds d oft gfttlr.
7 Fg yau‖h / kdh caamlh (ar kdh olle caamfeb) wklrl yau wlrl bafeb, yau wauche‖t kdvl gdccle
avlr.
2 F‖j surl yau‖h / wauch leiay hde`feb fg yau `djl ta tkl `cdssls wftk jl.
; Rl‖h ba ta tkl ca`dc rlstdurdet jarl agtle fg tkly `kdeblh tkl jleu graj tfjl ta tfjl.
6 Efed wauche‖t kdvl bael doradh fg skl‖h / kdh olle docl ta gfeh d iao klrl.
4> Fg yau‖h / kdh dsmlh gar d hfsàuet fe tkl skap, tkly jfbkt kdvl bfvle yau ael.
o 4 Fg Cuml kdhe‖t jfsslh tkl trdfe, kl wauche‖t kdvl olle cdtl gar tkl fetlrvflw.
? Jfccfl wauch kdvl oaubkt tkl tap fg skl‖h / kdh kdh leaubk jaely.
0 Fg ft kdhe‖t stdrtlh seawfeb, wl‖h / wauch kdvl rld`klh tkl tap.
8 Fg _lol``d hfhe‖t hrfem sa ju`k àggll, skl wauche‖t scllp (sa) odhcy.
< F‖h hrfvl / wauch hrfvl ta warm fg tklrl wlrle‖t / wdse‖t sa ju`k trdggf`.
7 Fg Jdtt warmlh kdrhlr, kl‖h / wauch blt prajatlh.
2 Fg wl kdhe‖t rue gar tkl ous, wl wauche‖t kdvl `dubkt ft.
7 R_FXFEB d ocab past

d Xkl pdrlets skauch kdvl mlpt tkl mefvls fe hrdwlrs tkdt `kfchrle `de‖t rld`k.
Xkly skauche‖t kdvl put d olh uehlr d wfehaw.
Xkly skauche‖t kdvl put jlhf`fel wklrl `kfchrle `de rld`k ft.
o Elw pdrdbrdpk dgtlr …tkl `kfch gdccs aut.

Elw pdrdbrdpk dgtlr …mllp tklj fe d ca`mlh ùpoadrh.
Elw pdrdbrdpk dgtlr …cfqufhs drl fe kfbk ar ca`mlh ùpoadrhs.
8tk lhftfae
<O Rfsk yau wlrl klrl
4 B_DJJD_ wfsk gar tkl prlslet / guturl

h 4 pdst sfjpcl ? wauch / wauche‖t + fegfeftfvl
Brdjjdr Odem <O
d 4 F wfsk F wds / wlrl gfttlr.

? F wfsk jy sfstlr hfhe‖t skdrl d raaj wftk jl.
0 F wfsk F àuch / wds docl ta hde`l.
8 F wfsk jy brdehjatklr wdse‖t hldh.
< F wfsk F cfvlh fe d àuetry wftk d olttlr `cfjdtl.
7 F wfsk skap dssfstdets wauch ol jarl pacftl.
2 F wfsk yau wauche‖t ture tkl kldtfeb up dcc tkl tfjl.
; F wfsk jy oratklr wauch tfhy aur raaj.
6 F wfsk tkl elfbkoaur‖s hab wauche‖t odrm dt efbkt.
4> F wfsk ft wauch stap rdfefeb.
? WA@DO\CD_V & P^LDMFEB lxprlssfeb gllcfebs wftk vlros ar -lh / -feb

dhil`tfvls
o ? grustrdtlh 0 ljodrrdssfeb 8 lxkdustfeb < hfsdppafetlh 7 djdzls 2 tlrrfgyfeb ; fespfrlh
6 àegusl 4> tkrfcclh
` ? strlssguc 0 s`dry 8 hlcfbktguc < agglesfvl
0 _LDHFEB & P^LDMFEB `kl`mfeb kypatklsls

o lhu`dtfae, `drllr, cavl
Oy rltwlltfeb ael ag tkl rlpcfls ta sajlael wka kdh vlry glw gaccawlrs= skl eaw kds jarl tkde
6>>.
` 4H ?L 0O 8G <@ 7D
^raeaues, l.b. F (fe D, Javlh ta Grde`l… festldh ag F javlh…)= ft (fe D, Ptfcc s`dry… festldh ag
Ft‖s stfcc s`dry).
h Eaues9 sarraw (dhi9 sdh), deblr (dhi9 debry), gldr (dhi9 dgrdfh)
Dhil`tfvls9 kaelst (e9 kaelsty), ordvl (e9 ordvlry), leàurdbfeb (e9 leàurdbljlet), lx`ftlh (e9
lx`ftljlet), letkusfdstf` (e9 letkusfdsj)
8 B_DJJD_ wfsk gar pdst rlbrlts

d Ppldmlr 4 Eat dsmfeb d bfrc aut
Ppldmlr ? Eat splehfeb jarl tfjl wftk klr brdehjatklr
Ppldmlr 0 Eat `kdebfeb s`kaacs
o 4 F wfsk F‖h trflh.

? F wfsk F‖h kdh jarl tfjl wftk jy brdehjatklr . F wfsk skl‖h cfvlh caeblr.
0 F wfsk F‖h cfstlelh ta jy pdrlets.
Xkl pdst plrgl`t

8tk lhftfae
Brdjjdr Odem <O
o 4 F wfsk F‖h / kdh slle ^rfe`l cfvl.

? Kl wfskls kl‖h / kdh cldrelh ta àam dt s`kaac .
0 Ha yau wfsk yau kdhe‖t oaubkt d slàeh-kdeh `dr1
8 Ileey wfskls skl kdhe‖t jdrrflh klr gfrst kusodeh.
< Jy pdrlets wfsk tkly kdhe‖t javlh ta tkl àuetry .
7 Hals Xaj wfsk kl‖h / kdh stuhflh cdw 1
2 F wfsk F kdhe‖t kdh jy kdfr ùt sa skart .
; Xkly wfsk tkly‖h / kdh bael ta tkl wlhhfeb .
< ^_AE\E@FDXFAE & P^LDMFEB sletle`l rkytkj deh fetaedtfae

` 4H ?@ 0L 8G <D 7O
7 CFPXLEFEB & R_FXFEB uehlrstdehfeb d palj

d F wfsk F kdh sdfh
h F wfsk
F wfsk F kdh sdfh
Eatkfeb dt dcc
Lvlrytkfeb tkdt `djl aut
Ag jy jautk wds wraeb
Xkl warhs hfhe‖t klcp ju`k
F wfsk F kdh sdfh
Xkdt F cavl yau
Lvlrytkfeb tkdt F sdfh
Rds eat wkdt F jldet
Dcc F wdet fs gar yau ta
Garbfvl jl
F wfsk F kdh sdfh
Pajltkfeb ta jdml lvlrytkfeb
Ba rfbkt
Xkl aecy tkfeb F skauch kdvl
Pdfh wds wkdt F rldccy glct
F wfsk F kdh sdfh
Xkdt F cavl yau wftk dcc jy kldrt
Deh tkdt F‖j sarry gar
Lvlrytkfeb tkdt wlet wraeb
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8tk lhftfae
8&< @ACCAT\FDC LEBCFPK Xdcmfeb doaut…wdstl

o 4X ?G 0X 8G <X 7G
` ? Ilrljy Fraes mllps tkfebs d caeb tfjl, uetfc tkly drl ware aut, l.b. iujplrs, `dr. Kl halse‖t cfml
wdstl.
8 Wdeblcfs fs Ilrljy‖s grfleh.
7 Pkl splet d yldr tdcmfeb ta plapcl ‐ àjjueftfls deh lxplrts.

d 4 tryfeb eat ta jdml ft taa hlprlssfeb ? sld
o 4 waehlrguc ? rufelh 0 `kllrguc 8 sacutfaes < pcdstf` 7 gaah

d 4 Pkl trfls eat ta ocdjl ael plrsae.
? Ol`dusl Pde Grde`fsà skaws tkdt zlra wdstl `de ol d`kflvlh ae d ofb s`dcl.
0 Ea.
o 4 Xkly kdvl gaur hfgglrlet ofes, deh sfbes ae tkl wdcc ag wkdt bals feta ld`k ofe, sa ft‖s vlry ldsy
ta rl`y`cl.
? Pkl splet d cat ag tfjl wftk klr brdehpdrlets wkle skl wds brawfeb up. Xkly tdubkt klr eat ta
wdstl deytkfeb, ds tkly kdh cfvlh tkraubk tkl wdr.
0 Pkl stfcc rfhls tkl ofml skl bat wkle skl wds 4<.
4 d`tudccy ? aovfauscy 0 djdzfebcy 8 blelrdccy < strdeblcy 7 sdhcy 2 \egartuedtlcy
0 XKL @AEWL_PDXFAE
d passfocl out hfggfùct
o 4 P ? I 0 I 8 P < P 7 Py 2 I ; Py 6 I
h 4 L, @ ? D, H 0 O, G, B
l _lspaehfeb ta stk pasftfvl O, G, B

_lspaehfeb ta stk elbdtfvl D, @, H, L
8tk lhftfae
7D Efbkt efbkt
4 B_DJJD_ uslh ta, ol uslh ta, blt uslh ta

o Ppldmlr 4 (_dgd) Ol`dusl kfs olhraaj fse‖t àjpcltlcy hdrm.
Ppldmlr ? (Jfml) Ol`dusl kl hals skfgt warm (ael wllmefbkts, tkl elxt wllmhdys).
Ppldmlr 0 (Ptlpk) Ol`dusl skl tdmls d cat ag caeb-kduc gcfbkts. Eael ag tklj kdvl rldccy sacvlh
tkl praoclj.
` 4 scllpfeb fe d olhraaj ? scllp fe àjpcltl hdrmelss 0 scllpfeb dt efbkt 8 olfeb dwdml

< scllp doaut lfbkt ar efel 7 olfeb ae Elw Varm tfjl
h 4o
? ol ach, lt`. : yau drl cfml tkfs
blt ach, lt`. : yau drl olàjfeb cfml tkfs
0 Rl usl tkl fegfeftfvl dgtlr uslh ta deh tkl -feb garj dgtlr ol /blt uslh ta.
Brdjjdr Odem 7D
d 4  wl hfhe‖t usl ta cfml

?  wl àuche‖t blt uslh ta kdvfeb
0
8
<
7  ^duc uslh ta kdvl / kdh
2  F usudccy blt up
;
6  ta blt uslh ta cfvfeb
4> 
o 4 Rkle Edtkde stdrtlh kfs gfrst iao, kl àuche‖t blt uslh ta blttfeb up dt 7 d.j.
? F hfhe‖t rlàbefzl yau! Vau uslh ta kdvl ocaehl kdfr, hfhe‖t yau1
0 Fsdolccl uslh ta rlet d gcdt wkle skl wds dt uefvlrsfty, out eaw skl kds d kausl ag klr awe.
8 Rkle wl wlrl `kfchrle, wl uslh ta spleh dcc hdy pcdyfeb gaatodcc fe tkl pdrm.
< Idsjfel kds olle d eursl dcc klr cfgl, sa skl fs uslh ta warmfeb efbkts.
7 F‖vl elvlr ware bcdssls olgarl, out eaw F‖cc kdvl ta blt uslh ta wldrfeb tklj.
2 Djlfcd fs de aecy `kfch. Pkl fse‖t uslh ta skdrfeb klr tkfebs.
; Dctkaubk F‖vl cfvlh fe Ppdfe gar yldrs, F‖vl elvlr bat uslh ta kdvfeb hfeelr dt efel ar tle
a‖`ca`m dt efbkt.
6 F hfhe‖t usl ta cfml spfed`k, out eaw F cavl ft.
4> Fg yau wdet ta blt gft, tkle yau‖cc kdvl ta blt uslh ta lxlr`fsfeb jarl.
? ^_AE\E@FDXFAE /s/ deh /z/
d 0 fs praeaue`lh /iu zh tu / (: tkfs fs wkdt wl usl ft gar), out 4 deh ? drl praeaue`lh /iu stu /
(4 : pdst kdoft, ? : blt d`ùstajlh ta).
` 4d ?o 0d 8o <d 7d 2o ;o
8tk lhftfae
0 _LDHFEB usfeb àetlxtudc `culs

d Ft fs d scllp pdttlre wkle yau ba ta olh, tkle wdml up gar d glw kaurs hurfeb tkl efbkt, tkle ba
od`m ta scllp dbdfe.
o 4 Jlhftdtl, tkfem doaut vfvfh hrldjs, vfsft sf`m gdjfcy, ha kauslwarm, stldc graj tkl elfbkoaurs
? Vls, ha`tars tkaubkt ft kdh jlhf`dc olelgfts. Deh plapcl tkaubkt ft wds d baah tkfeb, ds ft wds d
tfjl wkle tkly àuch ha wkdtlvlr tkly wdetlh, uehfsturolh.
0 Ol`dusl ag drtfgf`fdc cfbkt
` 4 Xkrll ar gaur kaurs

? Kl tdmls pkatabrdpks fe Pde Grde`fsà, grdjls kfs pkatas, jdrms (brdhls) stuhlets‖ warm,
wdt`kls d gfcj, rues.
h 4 uslh ? oltwlle 0 bat 8 wauch < cfbkt 7 jyslcg 2 wfehy ; cldvl 6 lehlh
l tkl sue9 Rkle kl cfvlh fe Oacfvfd, tkl plapcl uslh ta gaccaw tkl pdttlres ag tkl sue, f.l. ba ta olh
wkle ft fs hdrm deh blt up wkle ft bat cfbkt dbdfe.
4>> pdbls9 Kl wauch sajltfjls rldh 4>> pdbls ag d oaam oltwlle jfhefbkt deh 0.>> d.j.
ael olhraaj9 Kl deh kfs wfgl cfvlh fe d ael-olhraaj dpdrtjlet fe Pde Grde`fsà.
tkl waahs9 Kl sajltfjls wlet ta tkl waahs fe tkl jfhhcl ag tkl efbkt.
Deblc Fscdeh9 Ael ag kfs gdvaurftl pkatas fs ag Deblc Fscdeh. brdhfeb9 Kl fs d tld`klr, sa kds ta
brdhl (: jdrm) stuhlets‖ warm.
tkl strllt àrelr9 Kl wauch jllt kfs rueefeb pdrtelr dt tkl strllt àrelr deh rue gar de kaur.
yaueb mfhs9 Kl kds yaueb mfhs, wka hlpleh ae kfj, sa kl `de‖ t gaccaw kfs scllp pdttlre.
8 WA@DO\CD_V scllp
o ydwe /iɘ e/ : aple yaur jautk wfhl deh orldtkl fe hllpcy tkraubk ft, usudccy ol`dusl yau drl
tfrlh ar oarlh
edp /edp/ : d skart scllp, lspl`fdccy hurfeb tkl hdy
scllpy / scf pf/ : ellhfeb scllp= rldhy ta ba ta scllp
searl /seɘ / : orldtkl eafsfcy tkraubk yaur easl deh jautk wkfcl yau drl dscllp
ocdemlts / ocdōmɩts/ : cdrbl àvlrs, agtle jdhl ag waac, uslh lspl`fdccy ae olhs ta mllp plapcl
wdrj
skllts /ʀf ts/ : cdrbl pfl`ls ag tkfe `catk uslh ae d olh ta cfl ae ar cfl uehlr
pfccaw / pɩcɖʉ/ : d squdrl ar rl`tdebucdr pfl`l ag `catk gfcclh wftk sagt jdtlrfdc, uslh ta rlst yaur
kldh ae fe olh
huvlt / hu vlɩ/ : d cdrbl `catk odb tkdt fs gfcclh wftk gldtklrs ar atklr sagt jdtlrfdc deh tkdt yau
kdvl ae tap ag yau fe olh ta mllp yaurslcg wdrj
fesajefd /ɩe sɟjefɖ/ : tkl àehftfae ag olfeb uedocl ta scllp
scllpfeb pfccs / scf pɩō pɩcz/ : pfccs àetdfefeb d hrub tkdt klcps yau ta scllp
8tk lhftfae
` ol d cfbkt scllplr : ol ldsfcy wamle up

gdcc dscllp : ba / blt ta scllp
ol gdst dscllp : ol scllpfeb hllpcy
kdvl efbktjdrls : kdvl uepcldsdet ar grfbktlefeb hrldjs
mllp yau dwdml : jdml yau stdy dwdml
avlrscllp : scllp caeblr tkde yau fetlehlh
slt tkl dcdrj : prlpdrl ar drrdebl tkl dcdrj `ca`m sa tkdt ft fs rldhy ta wdml yau up dt tkl tfjl
yau ellh
scllp cfml d cab : scllp vlry wlcc, scllp hllpcy
scllpwdcm : wdcm draueh wkfcl yau drl dscllp
l ? ydwe 0 pfccaw 8 huvlt < skllts, ocdemlts 7 fesajefd 2 scllpfeb pfccs ; searl 6 edp
4> scllps cfml d cab 44 cfbkt scllplr 4? kdvl efbktjdrls 40 mllp yau dwdml 48 gdst dscllp
4< scllpwdcm 47 slt tkl dcdrj 42 avlrscllp 4; gdcc dscllp
< CFPXLEFEB uehlrstdehfeb rldsaes

o 4 olhraaj ? jdtlrfdcs 0 pfccaws 8 wfehaw < hfeelr 7 àggll 2 6.< ; rldh d oaam
` 4 blt hfsturolh / kdvl ta cfstle ta yaur pdrtelr searfeb.

? yau‖rl rldccy kat, deh àttae fs àaclr.
0 scllp fe tkl rfbkt pasftfae.
8 grlsk dfr, lvle fg ft‖s àch autsfhl.
< wfcc stfcc ol hfblstfeb tkl jldc wkle yau ba ta olh.
7 dggl`tlh oy `dgglfel.
2 tkdt‖s rfbkt gar kfj= lvlryoahy ellhs d hfgglrlet djauet.
; rlcdxfeb olgarl bafeb ta scllp.
8tk lhftfae
7O Jusf` ta jy ldrs
4 CFPXLEFEB & P^LDMFEB uehlrstdehfeb d tdcm (lxpcdedtfaes deh

lxdjpcls)
` 4 ta jdml us rljljolr fjpartdet jajlets fe tkl pdst , l.b. wkle wl jlt sajlael gar tkl gfrst
tfjl (cfml Kujpkrly Oabdrt fe @dsdocde`d sdyfeb, ‛Hdrcfeb, tkly‖rl pcdyfeb aur saeb.‖).
? ta klcp us ta `kdebl d`tfvftfls, l.b. ta prlpdrl us ta ba aut fe tkl lvlefeb, ta rlcdx us wkle wl
blt kajl graj warm.
0 ta fetlesfgy tkl ljatfae tkdt wl‖rl gllcfeb , l.b. fg wl‖rl gllcfeb sdh, wl wdet ta blt sdhhlr= fg
wl‖rl gllcfeb debry, wl wdet ta fetlesfgy tkl deblr= fg wl‖rl kdvfeb d rajdetf` hfeelr, wl usl
jusf` ta jdml ft jarl rajdetf`.
g Xkl kujde vaf`l9

4 kdppy : plapcl spldm gdstlr, tkl vaf`l fs kfbklr
? sdh : plapcl spldm jarl scawcy, tkl vaf`l fs cawlr
0 debry : plapcl rdfsl tklfr vaf`l ar skaut
Jusf` àpfls tkl kujde vaf`l9
4 gdstlr, kfbk-pft`klh jusf` sauehs kdppy
? scaw jusf` wftk gdccfeb pft`kls sauehs sdh
0 cauh jusf` wftk frrlbucdr rkytkjs sauehs debry
Ljatfaes rlcdtlh ta pfl`ls ag jusf`9
4 kdppy : tkl Olltkavle
? debry : tkl Kacst
0 sdh : tkl Dcofeaef
8 tlrrfgflh : tkl gfcj jusf` graj ^sy`ka
? B_DJJD_ blruehs deh fegfeftfvls

o 4 rljljolr ? kldrfeb 0 ta ba, jdml
` D? O4
Brdjjdr Odem 7O
d 4 F subblst tdmfeb d tdxf ta tkl dfrpart tajarraw.

? Lvle tkaubk tkl seaw wds rldccy hllp, wl jdedblh ta hrfvl ta tkl ca`dc skap deh od`m.
0 Rl‖h olttlr ha sajl skappfeb…
8 f‖j vlry fjpdtflet. F `de‖t stdeh wdftfeb fe qululs.
< D yaueb jde mfehcy agglrlh ta `drry jy odbs.
7 Jy pdrlets uslh ta jdml jl tfhy jy raaj.
2 Rl tkrldtlelh ta `dcc tkl pacf`l fg tkl oays hfhe‖t stap tkrawfeb staels.
; Ha yau gllc cfml àjfeb ta tkl byj wftk jl1
6 F‖h prlglr ta ldt aut festldh ag blttfeb d tdmldwdy.
4> F hae‖t jfeh warmfeb cdtl taefbkt fg yau wdet jl ta.
o 4 sllfeb ? ta `dcc 0 tdmfeb 8 ca`mfeb < ta ture 7 pdfetfeb 2 ta sleh ; ta rld`k
8tk lhftfae
0 WA@DO\CD_V & ^_AE\E@FDXFAE jusf`= warhs graj atklr

cdebudbls
o âssfocl subblstfaes
Festrujlets9 trujplt, trfdebcl, rlàrhlr, kdrp, kdrjaef`d, odeia, trajoael, `cdrfelt, arbde, lt`.
Jusf`fdes9 `lccfst, hrujjlr, odss buftdrfst, pfdefst, vfacfefst, mlyoadrh pcdylr, sdxapkaefst, rdpplr,
tlear, sfeblr-saebwrftlr, àjpaslr, cldh sfeblr, odeh, lt`.
h àe`lrta jlzza-saprdea `karus rkytkj syjpkaey odcclt leàrl blerl

Xkl slàeh clttlr ` fe àe`lrta fs praeaue`lh /tʀ/.
Xkl clttlrs zz fe jlzza drl praeaue`lh /ts/.
Xkl clttlrs `k fe `karus drl praeaue`lh /m/.
Xkl clttlrs rky fe rkytkj drl praeaue`lh /rɩ/.
Xkl clttlrs pk fe syjpkaey drl praeaue`lh /g/.
Xkl clttlrs lt fe odcclt drl praeaue`lh /lɩ/.
Xkl clttlrs le fe leàrl drl praeaue`lh /ɟō/.
Xkl clttlr ble fe blerl drl praeaue`lh /ʟɟe/.
8 _LDHFEB s`deefeb d`rass slvlrdc tlxts

o ?
` 4O ?G 0H 8D <@ 7L
g Xkl àeslesus wauch praodocy ol ‛kdvl jusf` wkfcl yau warm‖.
b 4 PE ? _X 0 _X 8 PD < BR 7 PD 2 PE ; BR
7 WFHLA CFPXLEFEB
d Klr pdrlets deh sfocfebs drl dcc tdcletlh jusf`fdes.
Ol`dusl tkly drl dcc praglssfaedc jusf`fdes ar doaut ta olàjl praglssfaedcs.
o 4 Rkle skl wds brawfeb up klr pdrlets wlrl dcwdys pcdyfeb `cdssf`dc jusf` draueh tkl kausl.
? Pkl wae tkl Lctae Iake s`kacdrskfp, sa skl àuch àetfeul klr stuhfls dt tkl _aydc D`dhljy ag
Jusf`. Pkl dcsa plrgarjlh wftk Lctae Iake.
0 Pkl fs tkl lchlst `kfch.
8 Kl pcdys tkl `lcca. Kl wae tkl OO@ Vaueb Jusf`fde Dwdrh fe ?>47 deh plrgarjlh dt ^rfe`l
Kdrry deh Jlbkde Jdrmcl‖s wlhhfeb.
< Xkly kdvl d vlry baah rlcdtfaeskfp. ds tkly bfvl ld`k atklr dhvf`l deh klcp ld`k atklr.
7 Xkly àuche‖t dcwdys ba aut ar ba ta pdrtfls. Xkly bat uslh ta ft.
2 Xkl ljatfae ol`dusl skl tkfems plapcl wdet ta cfstle ta jusf` ta jdml tklj gllc sajltkfeb
spl`fdc.
; Pkl gllcs skl fs cu`my tkdt klr iao fs dcsa wkdt klcps klr ls`dpl lvlryhdy cfgl.
8tk lhftfae
< & 7 _lvfsl deh @kl`m
B_DJJD_
d 4 kdhe‖t gaueh ? hfhe‖t warm 0 wauche‖t kdvl bael 8 wauche‖t ol < F àuch spldm
7 ‖h cldrelh ta pcdy 2 yau wauche‖t cldvl ; uslh ta hrfvfeb 6 ta kdvl 4> ta blttfeb up
o 4 jlltfeb ? ùttfeb 0 ta blt 8 eat ta ol < warmfeb
WA@DO\CD_V
d 4 prauh ? kajlsf`m 0 brdtlguc 8 bufcty < stueelh
o 4 lxkdustfeb ? ska`mlh 0 ljodrrdsslh 8 strlssguc < deeays 7 hfsdppafetfeb 2 djdzls

; karrfgflh 6 agglesfvl 4> s`dry
` 4 pfccaw ? searl 0 edp 8 efbktjdrl < slt
h 4 d àehu`tar ? d odeh / d `kafr 0 d `lcca 8 d saprdea < d mlyoadrh
^_AE\E@FDXFAE
d 4 hlcfbktlh /ɩ/ ? ydwe /ɘ / 0 lyls /z/ 8 kajlsf`m /s/ < `kf` /ʀ/
o 4 dosacutlcy ? hlvdstdtlh 0 fegurfdtfeb 8 fesajefd < scllpwdcm

d Jusf` tkdt kds d rkytkj ag 7>‐;> oldts, wftkaut cyrf`s
o 4 o ? d 0 ` 8 d < o 7 d 2 o ; o 6 ` 4> `

4` ?o 0d 8o
8tk lhftfae
2D Clt‖s eat drbul
4 B_DJJD_
o Xkl plapcl drl gcdtjdtls, deh tkly drl fe tkl mft`kle ag tklfr skdrlh kausl. Ael bfrc fs d`ùsfeb tkl
atklrs ag usfeb klr jfcm. Xkl atklrs hlgleh tkljslcvls, out fe tkl leh, ft fs lstdocfsklh tkdt Id`m
(J?) uslh klr jfcm fe kfs àggll.
` 4 just kdvl ? just kdvl 0 `de‖t kdvl 8 @auch…kdvl < jfbkt kdvl 7 skauch kdvl
h D 4, ? O 8, < @ 0 H 7
Brdjjdr Odem 2D
d 4 Pkl jfbkt kdvl kdh de drbujlet wftk klr oaygrfleh.

? Ole just kdvl rldh jy ljdfc.
0 Xkly `de‖t kdvl bat cast.
8 Vau `de‖t kdvl slle Lccfl ylstlrhdy.
< Iake jfbkt eat kdvl slle yau.
7 Cu`y just kdvl oaubkt d elw `dr.
2 Dclx `de‖t kdvl olle vlry fcc.
; Xkly jfbkt eat kdvl olle fevftlh.
6 Vau just kdvl uslh taa ju`k subdr.
4> Ft `de‖t kdvl olle jy pkael.
o 4 Vau skauch kdvl / aubkt ta kdvl wrfttle ft hawe.

? Vau skauche‖t kdvl / aubkte‖t ta kdvl hrfvle klrl.
0 Vau skauche‖t kdvl / aubkte‖t ta kdvl fevftlh klr.
8 Vau skauche‖t kdvl / aubkte‖t ta kdvl oaubkt sa jdey skals.
< F skauch kdvl / aubkt ta kdvl bael ta olh ldrcflr cdst efbkt.
7 Vau skauch kdvl / aubkt ta kdvl tdmle ft aut ag tkl grllzlr ldrcflr.
2 Vau skauche‖t kdvl / aubkte‖t ta kdvl sdt fe tkl sue dcc dgtlreaae wftkaut dey sues`rlle.
? ^_AE\E@FDXFAE wldm garj ag kdvl

d Ol`dusl tkl wldm (uestrlsslh) garj ag kdvl, l.b. fe just kdvl, sauehs cfml tkl wldm garj ag ag.
h âssfocl deswlrs
? clgt ft dt warm
0 garbattle
8 bael ta olh sa cdtl cdst efbkt
< Vau skauch kdvl prd`tfslh jarl.
7 Ael ag tklj jfbkt kdvl jlt sajlael lcsl.
2 Kl jfbkt kdvl olle fcc.
; Rl skauch kdvl clgt ldrcflr.
0 _LDHFEB & P^LDMFEB fhletfgyfeb sacutfaes ta praocljs

o wka blts tkl ofbblst raaj, tdmfeb taa caeb fe tkl odtkraaj
` 4O ?L 0K 8D <G 7H 2B ;@
8tk lhftfae
8 CFPXLEFEB & P^LDMFEB uehlrstdehfeb dhvf`l

o Pts skauch kdvl tf`mlh ? deh 0.
` 4 Ol`dusl yau‖rl olbfeefeb tkl àevlrsdtfae fe d vlry elbdtfvl wdy.

? Ft‖s jarl àestru`tfvl.
0 Fg yau‖rl tkl plrsae wka‖s fe tkl wraeb, iust dhjft ft.
8 Ol`dusl ft jdy aecy kdvl kdpplelh ae`l, deh ft wfcc jdml tkl atklr plrsae blt vlry hlglesfvl.
< Fg yau `de tdcm `dcjcy deh qufltcy, tkl atklr plrsae wfcc ol jarl rlspaesfvl.
7 @ae`letrdtl ae sacvfeb tkl praoclj yau‖rl kdvfeb eaw.
2 Xkfs `de stap de drbujlet tkdt‖s blttfeb aut ag àetrac.
B_DJJD_ FE @AEXL[X
l 4 F‖h rdtklr ba ta tkl `feljd
? F‖h rdtklr eat ba ta tkl pdrty
0 Rauch yau rdtklr jllt
8 F‖h rdtklr yau hfhe‖t
< F‖h rdtklr yaur pdrlets stdylh
< WA@DO\CD_V vlros agtle àeguslh

d ? Xkly‖rl hfsùssfeb sajltkfeb.
0 Pkl‖s wdrefeb sajlael doaut sajltkfeb.
8 Xkly‖rl drbufeb doaut sajltkfeb.
< Pkl‖s dhvfsfeb sajlael doaut sajltkfeb.
7 Kl‖s rlgusfeb ta ha sajltkfeb.
Wa`doucdry Odem Wlros agtle àeguslh
WL_OP AGXLE @AEG\PLH

d 4 F ellh ta hfsùss tkl praoclj wftk jy oass.
? F agtle drbul wftk jy pdrlets doaut hafeb kauslwarm.
0 F hfhe‖t rldcfzl yau wlrl sa uekdppy.
8 F hfhe‖t eatf`l tkdt Mdrle kdh `kdeblh klr kdfr àcaur.
< Id`m dcwdys trfls ta dvafh drbufeb wftk jl.
7 Jy hdh `de‖t prlvlet jl graj sllfeb jy grflehs.
2 Rkle drl yau bafeb ta pdy jl od`m tkl gfgty pauehs tkdt F clet yau1
; @auch F oarraw yaur `dr taefbkt1 F meaw yau‖rl eat usfeb ft.
6 Jy pdrlets hae‖t jfeh fg F stdy aut cdtl.
4> Ft halse‖t jdttlr fg wl‖rl gfvl jfeutls cdtl.
44 @de yau rljfeh jl ta `dcc jy juj cdtlr1
4? _ljljolr ta ture agg tkl cfbkts olgarl yau ba.
40 F lxpl`t tkdt Hdeflc wfcc garblt aur deefvlrsdry. Kl dcwdys hals.
48 Rl‖cc kdvl ta wdft kdcg de kaur gar tkl elxt trdfe.
4< F wfsk F wds d oft tdcclr!
47 F kapl tkdt yau `de àjl ae Grfhdy. F kdvle‖t slle yau gar dbls.
42 Drsledc wae tkl jdt`k gfvl ‐twa.
4; Drsledc oldt Jde`klstlr \eftlh gfvl ‐twa.
46 Xaj dcwdys rlgusls ta hfsùss tkl praoclj.
?> Xaj dcwdys hlefls tkdt kl kds d praoclj.
?4 Xkl àst ag cfvfeb fs bafeb ta rfsl dbdfe tkfs jaetk.
?? Ft‖s kdrh eat ta rdfsl yaur vaf`l wkle yau‖rl drbufeb wftk sajlael.
?0 Ba deh cfl ae tkl olh fg yau‖rl tfrlh.
8tk lhftfae
?8 F usudccy cdy jy odoy ae tkl olh ta `kdebl kfs edppy.

?< Xkl jle kdh olle pcdeefeb ta rao tkl odem.
?7 Fg yau cldvl yaur ofml ueca`mlh, sajloahy jfbkt stldc ft.
?2 F tkfem F skauch wdre yau tkdt Cfdj halse‖t dcwdys tlcc tkl trutk.
?; Jy tld`klrs drl bafeb ta dhvfsl jl wkdt suoil`ts ta stuhy elxt yldr.
` 4 jfeh, jdttlr ? rljljolr, rljfeh 0 raoolh, stacle 8 dhvfsl, wdre < prlvlet, dvafh
7 oarraw, clet 2 wae, oldtle
7 _LDHFEB & R_FXFEB àetrfoutfeb lggl`tfvlcy fe aecfel lx`kdebls

d Pubblstlh deswlrs
Blt yaur tfjfeb rfbkt Ol pacftl \sl lvfhle`l Pkaw àesfhlrdtfae gar atklrs‖ apfefaes
Meaw wkle ta bfvl up
o Pubblstlh deswlrs
4 Ol pacftl. ➘ ‛F‖j sarry, F hae‖t dbrll.‖
? \sl lvfhle`l. ➘ ‛D`àrhfeb ta sajl rlsldr`k F rldh,…‖
0 Pkaw àesfhlrdtfae gar atklrs‖ apfefaes. ➘ ‛Ft jdy ol trul tkdt d cat ag yaueb plapcl…‖
8tk lhftfae
2O Ft‖s dcc de d`t
4 B_DJJD_ vlros ag tkl slesls

` 4d ?d 0`
h caams cfml + eaue

caams + dhil`tfvl
caams ds fg + `cdusl
Brdjjdr Odem 2O
d ? B 0 D 8 C < M 7 I 2 @ ; L 6 H 4> F 44 K 4? O
o 4 caam ds fg ? sjlccs 0 sauehs cfml 8 tdstl cfml < saueh ds fg 7 gllcs 2 sllj ; gllcs cfml
6 tdstls 4> sjlccs ds fg
k D kfstarf`dc hrdjd (Xkl Tulle)

O gdetdsy (Gdetdstf` Oldsts deh Rklrl ta Gfeh Xklj)
@ àjlhy (Oure dgtlr _ldhfeb)
H karrar (Blt Aut)
Pts‖ awe deswlrs
f âssfocl deswlrs
4 Ft sauehs ds fg / cfml tkly‖vl iust kdh de drbujlet.
? Ft sauehs ds fg / cfml d pcdylr kds iust jfsslh d badc.
0 Ft sauehs ds fg / cfml tkl pcdel kds iust cdehlh.
8 Ft sauehs ds fg / cfml tkly‖rl aplefeb d odb ag `rfsps.
< Ft sauehs ds fg / cfml tkly‖rl oruskfeb tklfr tlltk.
7 Ft sauehs cfml d cfgt.
2 Ft sauehs ds fg / cfml tkly‖rl àamfeb / ùttfeb vlbltdocls.
; Ft sauehs ds fg / cfml tkly‖rl jdmfeb tld.
6 Ft sauehs ds fg / cfml tkly‖rl turefeb ae tkl àjputlr.
4> Ft sauehs cfml d hab ldtfeb fts hfeelr.
? _LDHFEB & CFPXLEFEB uehlrstdehfeb festru`tfaes

o Fe d braup
h pdyfeb dttletfae ta hltdfcs 0 (Rkdt wlrl tkly wldrfeb1)

skawfeb ljatfaes 8 (Xkl ‛jdbf`‖ fjdbl)
usfeb oahy cdebudbl ? (Ptramfeb de defjdc)
l 4 de defjdc ? fjdbfel stramfeb ft 0 jfjl tkl d`tfae ta tkl rlst ag tkl braup 8 fs tkl kast
< fe d `fr`cl 7 wkdt lvlryael fs wldrfeb 2 `casl yaur lyls ; yau‖rl tkl kast 6 dsms qulstfaes
4> ael ljatfae 44 deblr 4? sftudtfaes tkdt jdml yau gllc debry 40 yaur cfst
48 gfvl sftudtfaes 4< yaur gfedc cfst 47 de fjdbl gar ld`k sftudtfae 42 ael elw fjdbl
4; yaur slpdrdtl fjdbls
8tk lhftfae
0 WA@DO\CD_V & P^LDMFEB tkl oahy

d Xkl pkatas drl ‖jub skats‖ deh wauch kdvl olle tdmle wkle tkl jde wds drrlstlh oy tkl pacf`l.
h o 4 lyl
? stuoocl
0 wrfemcls
8 cfps
< el`m
7 `kllm
2 garlkldh
; `kfe
` lyl
Wa`doucdry Odem Xkl oahy
4 ^D_XP AG XKL OAHV DEH A_BDEP

d 8 demcl 4 `dcg ? kllc 0 mell 2 lcoaw 7 gfst 6 edfcs < pdcj ; wrfst 40 oattaj 4> `klst
48 kfp 4? tkfbk 44 wdfst 4< ordfe 4; kldrt 42 mfhelys 47 cfvlr 46 cuebs
? WL_OP DEH WL_O ^K_DPLP

d 4 oftl yaur edfcs
? ocaw yaur easl
0 orusk yaur kdfr / orusk yaur tlltk
8 àjo yaur kdfr
< gach yaur drjs
7 kach sajloahy‖s kdeh
2 tau`k yaur tals
; su`m yaur tkujo
6 skdml kdehs / skdml yaur kldh
4> skrub yaur skauchlrs
44 rdfsl yaur lyloraws
` 4 Kl wfemlh dt jl ta skaw tkdt kl wds aecy iamfeb. lyl

? Xkl stldm wds taubk deh hfggfùct ta `klw. tlltk
0 Rkle wl jlt, wl wlrl sa kdppy, wl kubblh ld`k atklr. drjs
8 Hae‖t s`rdt`k tkl jasqufta oftl. Vau‖cc aecy jdml ft warsl. edfcs
< Pkl wdvlh baahoyl sdhcy ta klr oaygrfleh ds tkl trdfe clgt tkl stdtfae. kdeh
7 Xklsl hdys, jle hae‖t dcwdys mellc hawe wkle tkly prapasl jdrrfdbl. mell
2 Xkl tld`klr grawelh wkle skl sdw dcc tkl jfstdmls F kdh jdhl. garlkldh
; Xkl pdfetfeb wds sa strdebl F stdrlh dt ft gar d caeb tfjl. lyls
6 Pkl bat aut ag olh, deh ydwelh deh strlt`klh. jautk / drjs
4> Fg yau hae‖t meaw tkl warh gar sajltkfeb, iust pafet dt wkdt yau wdet. gfeblr
8 ^_AE\E@FDXFAE sfclet àesaedets

o `dcg àjo mellc pdcj tkujo wrfemcls wrfst
Dt tkl olbfeefeb ag d warh, me fs praeaue`lh /e/, deh wr fs praeaue`lh /r/. Dt tkl leh ag d warh,
jo fs praeaue`lh /j/.
h 4 kaelst ? gdstle 0 jus`cl 8 wkfstcl < dfscl 7 hauot 2 hlsfbe ; kdcg 6 wkacl 4> `dcj
44 `cfjo 4? mea`m
8tk lhftfae
< _LDHFEB & P^LDMFEB uehlrstdehfeb tkl prfe`fpcls ag de

lxplrfjlet
d Xkl d``lptlh ‛olst wdy‖ fs usfeb oahy cdebudbl `culs su`k ds dvafhfeb lyl àetd`t, ocuskfeb,
gfhbltfeb, deh cdubkfeb elrvauscy.
Xkl purpasl ag Arjlrah‖s lxplrfjlet wds ta hlvlcap d jarl rlcfdocl jltkah ag cfl hltl`tfae
wkf`k rlcflh ae plapcl‖s warhs, eat tklfr oahy cdebudbl.
o 4O ?D 0L 8H <@
` 4X
? G (Xkly kdh ta prlpdrl tklfr awe àvlr stary.)
0 G (Xkl aggf`lrs rdehajcy slcl`tlh pdssleblrs gar qulstfaefeb.)
8X
< G (Aecy fg pdssleblrs suhhlecy olbde ta bfvl ju`k skartlr deswlrs, ar olbde ta dvafh deswlrfeb
hfrl`tcy.)
7 G (Xkl lxplrfjlet pravlh tkdt vlrodc `culs drl gdr jarl lggl`tfvl tkde oahy cdebudbl fe klcpfeb
ta fhletfgy d cfdr.)
7 R_FXFEB hls`rfofeb d pkata

o ? Fe tkl `letrl 0 fe graet ag 8 Ae tkl clgt < autsfhl 7 Fe tkl od`mbraueh 2 olkfeh ; appasftl
8tk lhftfae
7&2 @ACCAT\FDC LEBCFPK Xdcmfeb

doaut…plrgarjde`ls

o 4G ?X 0X 8X <G
` 4 Kfs gfrst iao wds fe tkl oax aggf`l ag tkl Ach Wf` tkldtrl.
< Ft wds tkl jast lx`ftfeb racl kl kds kdh ol`dusl ft jdhl kfj gdjaus.

d 4 Kl cavls tklj oatk.
? Xklrl‖s de duhfle`l. Lvlry sfebcl plrgarjde`l fs uttlrcy hfgglrlet.
0 Xkl hfrl`tar deh lhftar ol`dusl tkly `de `kdebl tkl wdy tkl s`lel ar tkl `kdrd`tlrs dppldr oy
tkl wdy tkly lhft ft (l.b. tkly `de jdml d sdh s`lel gueey ar de d`tar dppldr ta ol stupfh).
8 Ea ol`dusl wkle yau d`t fe gfcj, yau kdvl tkl `djlrds rfbkt fe graet ag yau.
o 4 Kl fs rlglrrfeb ta tkl duhfle`l fe d tkldtrl.

? Kl fs sdyfeb tkdt yau `de elvlr bfvl tkl plrgl`t plrgarjde`l ds d tkldtrl d`tar.
0 Xkl gfcj d`tar `de‖t ha deytkfeb, ds tkl lhftar kds dcc tkl pawlr.
8 Kl fs rlglrrfeb ta tkl `djlrds.

d 4 Rkle tkly drl baah, kl cavls ft. Rkle tkly drle‖t baah, ft fs pdfeguc.
? Kl wds vlry cu`my ta sll tklj. Jast plapcl eawdhdys kdvl garbattle tklj. Xkly wlrl
waehlrguc aestdbl.
0 Kl fs tkl aecy jahlre d`tar wka dpprad`kls kfs racls ds tkl brldt d`tars uslh ta.
8 Kl kdtls wldrfeb ft. Ft‖s ueàjgartdocl deh stf`my.
< Kl halse‖t blt stdbl grfbkt, out kl olàjls vlry slcg-àes`faus.
4 gdetdstf`dccy ? kdrh 0 brldtlr 8 dosacutlcy < àjpcltlcy 7 hfgglrlet 2 lxtrdarhfedrfcy
0 XKL @AEWL_PDXFAE
d ft‖s fjpassfocl ta blelrdcfzl ol`dusl ft hlplehs ae tkl lvlet.
o 4 âsftfvl. Pkl cavls wdt`kfeb ofb gcdsky suplrklra gfcjs fe tkl `feljd ae d Pdturhdy efbkt. Pkl
cfmls tkl saueh lggl`ts deh jusf` deh vfsudcs.
? âsftfvl. Pkl cfmls sllfeb Pkdmlspldrl deh jahlre pcdys fe tkl tkldtrl. Xkly drl jdbf`dc, d vlry
hfgglrlet lxplrfle`l graj tkl `feljd.
0 Elbdtfvl. Pfttfeb taa kfbk up ar kdvfeb d odh vflw dt tkl tkldtrl, ueàjgartdocl sldts ar eat
leaubk clbraaj.
8 Elbdtfvl. Kl eatf`lh tkdt tkl `rawh wlrl wdt`kfeb tkl ofb s`rlle ol`dusl tkly kdh d olttlr vflw
rdtklr tkde caamfeb strdfbkt dt tkl pft`k.
< Elbdtfvl. Xkly `de ol eafsy, sa skl `de‖t kldr tkl jusf` deh wauch ol olttlr cfstlefeb ta d @H dt
kajl.
8tk lhftfae
h 4 rldccy hfggfùct qulstfae ? ft‖s hfggfùct ta sdy 0 hae‖t yau 8 clt‖s sdy < yau meaw 7 fse‖t ft
l bfvl tkljslcvls tfjl ta tkfem 4, ?, 8, <

`kl`m tkl atklrs dbrll 0, 7
8tk lhftfae
;D @uttfeb `rfjl
4 CFPXLEFEB usfeb yaur meawclhbl ag tkl warch ta klcp yau uehlrstdeh

garjdc dhvf`l
` 4 prlpdrlh ? dsslrtfvl 0 dwdrl 8 Kfhl < dbdfest 7 festfe`ts 2 pcde ; trauocl
h 4 Vaur rautl
? Ft jdmls yau dppldr fe àetrac deh clss vucelrdocl.
0 @dcc, jlssdbl, caam up fegarjdtfae
8 Vaur pkael, `djlrd, fâh, ilwlcclry
< Ft jdmls ft jarl hfggfùct gar tkflvls ae ofmls ta rfhl up olkfeh yau deh sedt`k yaur odb.
7 D cat ag d`tfvfty, baah cfbktfeb, @@XW
2 Jdml d pcde ag wkdt yau wauch ha fg sajltkfeb wlet wraeb, dbrll d od`mup pcde, mllp de lyl
ae ld`k atklr hurfeb tkl lvlefeb
; Pajlael jfbkt put sajltkfeb feta yaur hrfem
Wa`doucdry Odem @rfjl deh puefskjlet
4 @_FJLP DEH @_FJFEDCP

d 4 I ocd`mjdfc, ocd`mjdfclr, ocd`mjdfc
? J orfolry, orfol
0 L ourbcdry, ourbcdr, orldm fe / ourbcl
8 B hrub hldcfeb, hrub hldclr, slcc hrubs
< C grduh, grduhstlr, àjjft grduh
7 G kd`mfeb, kd`mlr, kd`m
2 @ kfid`mfeb, kfid`mlr, kfid`m
; D mfhedppfeb, mfhedpplr, mfhedp
6 ^ jubbfeb, jubblr, jub
4> O jurhlr, jurhlrlr, jurhlr
44 H rdpl, rdpfst, rdpl
4? M raoolry, raoolr, rao
40 K sjubbcfeb, sjubbclr, sjubbcl
48 T stdcmfeb, stdcmlr, stdcm
4< E tlrrarfsj, tlrrarfst, slt agg oajos
47 A tklgt, tkflg, stldc
42 F vdehdcfsj, vdehdc, vdehdcfzl
? RKDX KD^^LEP XA D @_FJFEDC

d Xkl `rfjl
4 @drc deh Dhdj àjjfttlh d `rfjl. Xkly raoolh d cdrbl suplrjdrmlt.
? Xkl pacf`l fevlstfbdtlh tkl `rfjl.
0 @drc deh Dhdj wlrl `dubkt hrfvfeb ta tkl dfrpart fe d stacle `dr.
8 Xkly wlrl drrlstlh deh tdmle ta d pacf`l stdtfae.
< Xkl pacf`l qulstfaelh tklj gar tle kaurs.
7 Gfedccy, tkly wlrl `kdrblh wftk drjlh raoolry.
Xkl trfdc
2 Xwa jaetks cdtlr, @drc deh Dhdj dppldrlh fe àurt.
; Xkly wlrl d`ùslh ag drjlh raoolry deh `dr tklgt.
6 Rftelssls tach tkl àurt wkdt tkly kdh slle ar melw.
4> Xkl iury caamlh dt deh kldrh dcc tkl lvfhle`l.
44 Dgtlr twa hdys, tkl iury rld`klh tklfr vlrhf`t.
4? Xklrl wds ea praag tkdt Dhdj kdh àjjfttlh tkl `rfjl.
8tk lhftfae
40 Kl wds d`qufttlh deh dccawlh ta ba grll.

48 @drc wds gaueh bufcty. Kfs gfeblrprfets wlrl ae tkl bue uslh fe tkl raoolry.
4< Xkl iuhbl hl`fhlh wkdt @drc‖s puefskjlet skauch ol.
47 Kl sletle`lh kfj ta tle yldrs fe prfsae.
0 ^_AE\E@FDXFAE & P^LDMFEB tkl clttlr u

` 4 skart ? `dubkt deh àurt 0 /b/
8 B_DJJD_ tkl pdssfvl (dcc garjs)= kdvl sajltkfeb hael= ft fs sdfh tkdt… , kl fs
tkaubkt ta… , lt`.
d D Ptary ? O Ptary 4 @ Ptary 0
o 4 olfeb `dubkt ? cdehlh 0 wds spattlh 8 sedt`klh < wds hljaestrdtfeb 7 wds `dubkt 2 kdh
olle oramle ; `dcclh 6 kds olle `kdrblh
` ?
h Kl dcwdys sdys ‛pcldsl‖ deh ‛tkdem yau‖ wkle kl arhlrs plapcl ta bfvl kfj jaely.
l 4 ta ol ? tkdt kl fs 0 tkdt kl kds raoolh 8 ta ol pacftl

Dgtlr fs sdfh deh fs rlpartlh…, usl ta + fegfeftfvl.
Dgtlr ft fs olcflvlh… deh ft fs tkaubkt…, usl tkdt + suoil`t + vlro.
Brdjjdr Odem ;D
d 4 Jy pkael kds olle stacle .

? Jy kausl fs olfeb pdfetlh.
0 D jlltfeb wfcc ol klch ta hfsùss tkl praoclj.
8 Fg tkl oajo kdhe‖t olle gaueh, ft wauch kdvl lxpcahlh .
< Jfrdehd tkfems skl wds gaccawlh / wds olfeb gaccawlh cdst efbkt .
7 F kdtl olfeb wamle up wkle F‖j gdst dscllp .
2 Xkl ca`dc pacf`l stdtfae fs bafeb ta ol `caslh.
o 4 Xfj kdh kfs sa`fdc jlhfd d`àuet kd`mlh .

? Kdvl yau lvlr kdh yaur odb sedt`klh1
0 Xkly ellh ta kdvl tkl @@XW `kl`mlh ta jdml surl tkdt ft‖s warmfeb .
8 Rl kdh aur pkata tdmle fe graet ag tkl @acassluj .
< Ds d rlsuct ag tkl ourbcdry, tkly‖rl bafeb ta kdvl d sdgl put fe.
` 4 Xkl ourbcdr fs olcflvlh ta ol d ca`dc jde.

? Ft fs sdfh tkdt tkl jubblrs drl vlry hdeblraus.
0 Xkl raoolrs drl tkaubkt ta kdvl letlrlh tkraubk de aple wfehaw.
8 Ft fs sdfh tkdt tkl jurhlrlr kds hfsdppldrlh.
< Xkl trfdc fs lxpl`tlh ta cdst tkrll wllms.
8tk lhftfae
< _LDHFEB uehlrstdehfeb trutk deh cfls

o 4 Ptlvl deh kfs sfstlr= Jdrtfe sdfh ft wds kfj deh kfs hldh wfgl.
? Ol`dusl ael skawlh Ptlvl (kdvfeb orldmgdst fe d katlc) wftk caeb kdfr, deh ael tkdt wds
suppaslh ta kdvl olle tdmle cdtlr tkl sdjl hdy skawlh Ptlvl (fe d paac) wftk skartlr, hdrmlr
kdfr.
0 Ptlvl kdh s`rdt`klh kfs gd`l= tkl s`djjlr uslh ft ta `cdfj kl (Jdrtfe) kdh olle fe d `dr d``fhlet.
` 4` ?o 0o 8d <o
h 4 tkaubkt tkdt ? trf`m (vo) 0 sdfh tkdt (lvle tkaubk ft wdse‖t trul) 8 grduh < jdml usl ag (fe d
hfskaelst wdy) 7 bfvl 2 `kasle ; `drlguc
2 R_FXFEB lxprlssfeb yaur apfefae

d Xkl wrftlr tkfems tkdt, fe blelrdc, àjjuefty slrvf`l fs d baah tkfeb.
o ? Fe jast `dsls 0 Gfrstcy 8 Gar festde`l < wklrlds 7 Plàehcy 2 sa ; Gfedccy 6 Fe dhhftfae
4> Fe àe`cusfae

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4D Tulstfaes deh deswlrs

4 _LDHFEB & P^LDMFEB uehlrstdehfeb qulstfaes

` 4 H ‐ qulstfae 6 ? G ‐ qulstfae < 0 H ‐ qulstfae 2 8 G ‐ qulstfae 8 < H ‐ qulstfaes 4 deh ;

? B_DJJD_ qulstfae garjdtfae

o d qulstfae wkf`k lehs wftk d prlpasftfae : ?

d 4 Pkauch F tlcc klr kaw F gllc1

o 4 Kaw agtle ha yau usudccy ha lxlr`fsl1

0 ^_AE\E@FDXFAE fetaedtfae9 skawfeb fetlrlst

` ? Rky eat 0 Jl taa 8 Kaw fetlrlstfeb < Ak rldccy

4 Lebcfsk Gfcl © Axgarh \efvlrsfty ^rlss ?>?>

Ptuhlet‖s Oaam Deswlr Mly

8 _LDHFEB & WA@DO\CD_V warmfeb aut jldefeb graj `aetlxt

< CFPXLEFEB uehlrstdehfeb tkl stdbls ag d skart fetlrvflw

0 Rlcc, F stfcc tkfem d cat. Kl bat tkl iao.

8 D `dt Pkl hfhe‖t blt tkl iao.

? Lebcfsk Gfcl © Axgarh \efvlrsfty ^rlss ?>?>

Ptuhlet‖s Oaam Deswlr Mly

4 _LDHFEB & CFPXLEFEB uehlrstdehfeb gd`ts vs tklarfls

h 4 puzzcl ? odggcl 0 rljatl 8 lxtrdarhfedry < trd`l 7 sacvl

? B_DJJD_ duxfcfdry vlros

d 4 Kl‖s oaamlh tkl gcfbkts, kdse‖t kl1

o 4 Ft‖s d brldt `cuo, fse‖t ft1

0 Lebcfsk Gfcl © Axgarh \efvlrsfty ^rlss ?>?>

Ptuhlet‖s Oaam Deswlr Mly

0 ^_AE\E@FDXFAE & P^LDMFEB fetaedtfae deh sletle`l rkytkj

8 CFPXLEFEB & P^LDMFEB gaccawfeb festru`tfaes

< WA@DO\CD_V `ajpaueh dhil`tfvls

` Xkl sl`aeh warh

8 Lebcfsk Gfcl © Axgarh \efvlrsfty ^rlss ?>?>

Ptuhlet‖s Oaam Deswlr Mly

odh-tljplrlh : agtle debry= fe de debry jaah

< Lebcfsk Gfcl © Axgarh \efvlrsfty ^rlss ?>?>

Ptuhlet‖s Oaam Deswlr Mly

4 @ACCAT\FDC LEBCFPK Xdcmfeb doaut…blttfeb d

4 XKL FEXL_WFLR ^drt 4

4 XKL FEXL_WFLR ^drt ?

o 4 Kl `auch kdvl stapplh tkl fetlrvflw ar `drrflh ae.

4 XKL FEXL_WFLR ^drt 0

h 4 tlrrfocl tlrrfocl ? rldccy rldccy 0 hlgfeftlcy

7 Lebcfsk Gfcl © Axgarh \efvlrsfty ^rlss ?>?>

Ptuhlet‖s Oaam Deswlr Mly

4 WA@DO\CD_V fccelssls deh feiurfls

Wa`doucdry Odem Fcelssls deh feiurfls

4 JFEA_ FCCELPPLP DEH @AEHFXFAEP

? FEI\_FLP DEH JA_L PL_FA\P @AEHFXFAEP

0 ^K_DPDC WL_OP @AEEL@XLH RFXK FCCELPP

? ^_AE\E@FDXFAE ʀ/, /hʟ/, /tʀ/, deh /m/

2 Lebcfsk Gfcl © Axgarh \efvlrsfty ^rlss ?>?>

Ptuhlet‖s Oaam Deswlr Mly

l `kaclstlrac : /m/ fehfblstfae : /hʟ/, /tʀ/

0 CFPXLEFEB & P^LDMFEB uehlrstdehfeb de del`hatl ‐ wklrl tkly

` Idel9 Vls ol`dusl skl uslh ta ol d eursl.

; Lebcfsk Gfcl © Axgarh \efvlrsfty ^rlss ?>?>

Ptuhlet‖s Oaam Deswlr Mly

8 B_DJJD_ prlslet plrgl`t sfjpcl deh `aetfeuaus

d4 ? pkaelh 0 olle rueefeb 8 slle < jlt 7 olle seawfeb 2 bael ;

o 4 Rl‖vl meawe Id`m deh Dee gar yldrs.

< _LDHFEB & P^LDMFEB rldhfeb deh sujjdrfzfeb

7 R_FXFEB de fegarjdc ljdfc

o ljdfclh, jlssdblh, ar pkaelh. : olle fe tau`k