Objectives

 Definition of anatomy
Introduction to  Methods of studying Anatomy

Human Anatomy  Regions of Human Body

 Anatomical Position
Dr/Alsayed  Anatomical Planes
 Anatomical Terms

 Human Anatomy is the

science concerned with
studying:
What is Anatomy?  1- The structure and shape
of The Human Body.
 2- The Relations of The
Human Body parts to each
other.
 1- Dissection

Methods of studying Anatomy

2- Surface (Living) Anatomy 3- Embryology

 4 Endoscopy Normal Stomach

Stomach (Gastric) Ulcer

5- Radiological Anatomy
 a- Plain X-Ray b- Ultrasonography

c- CAT Scan (Computerised Axial Tomography) d- MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)

 6- Histology

Regions of Human Body

1- Head and Neck

Chest

Abdomen Organisation of Human Body

2- Trunk
Pelvis

3- Upper
and
Lower Limbs

Perineum
 Systemic Anatomy
Respiratory System Digestive System Cardiovascular System Nervous System
Cells
Organs
Tissues

Systems

Human Body

1- Erect (Standing)

2- Head is directed forward with eyes looking

straight forwards in the primary position

3- Arms are by side

Anatomical Position
4- Palms are facing forwards

5- Legs are together

6- Feet directed forwards

  1]=Mid-sagittal plane:- (midline)
 =It is a vertical plane.
 =That divides the body into two equal halves [Right & Left]

 2]=Para-sagittal plane:-
 =It is a vertical plane.

‫موازي‬
=That divides the body into two unequal halves [Right & Left]
 =It is parallel to midsagittal plane.

Anatomical Planes  3]=Coronal plane:-

 =It is a vertical plane.
 =That divides the body into two unequal halves [Anterior & Posterior]
 =It is perpendicular to midsagittal plane.

 4]=Transverse plane:- [cross section]

 =It is a horizontal plane.
 =That divides the body into unequal halves upper & lower parts.
 =It is perpendicular to midsagittal & coronal sections.

Coronal
 Anatomical Terminology

I- Anatomical Terms Related to Position

I- Anatomical Terms Related to Position

II- Anatomical Terms Related to Movement

Anterior and Posterior

Or

Ventral and Dorsal

Or

Palmar and Dorsal

1- Anterior and Posterior Or
(Distance from the Front of the body) Plantar and Dorsal

palmar

dorsal

dorsal

plantar
 Proximal

2- Proximal and Distal Intermediate

(Distance from origin of a structure)
Distal

Superficial and Deep

Or

External and Internal

3- Superficial and Deep
(Distance from surface of a structure)
 Superior and inferior
Or
4- Superior and Inferior
Cranial and Caudal
(Distance from surface of the head) Or

Cephalic and Caudal

5- (Distance from mid-line of the body)

Median, Medial and Lateral
 Ipsilateral: refers to the structures that lie
on the same side of the body..
 Contralateral: refers to the structures that II- Anatomical Terms Related to
lie on the different sides of the body. Anatomical Movement
 Palmer surface: palm of the hand.(anterior
surface).
 Planter surface: sole of the foot.
 Dorsal surface: back of the hand or sole.

1- Flexion and Extension

(Bending and Straightening)
 Extension

Flexion

(Plantar-flexion and Dorsi-flexion)

 Abduction

2- Abduction and Adduction

(moving away or towards the mid-line of the body)

Adduction

Abduction and Adduction in Toes