Predisposing Factors: Precipitating Factors: Management:

Medical Management;
 Biological  Sex with multiple partners
Susceptibility  Unprotected sex  Treatment of Opportunistic Infections
 Gender  Alcoholism  Prevention of Opportunistic Infections
 Lack of awareness  Antidiarrheal Therapy
 Chemotherapy
 Antidepressant Therapy
 Nutrition Therapy
Nursing Management;

 Complementary and Alternative

HIV - AIDS Modalities
 Supportive Care

Attachment of the HIV virus to a CD4+ receptor. Diagnostic tools:

 Chest X-ray
Internalization and uncoating of the virus with viral RNA and reverse transcriptase.  ABG
 12-Lead ECG
 CBC, Lipid Profile, FBS,
Reverse transcription, which produces a mirror image of the viral RNA and double-stranded BUN, Crea, BUA
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecule.
 AST, ALT, Hepa B,
HBSAG, VDRL
Integration of viral DNA into host DNA using the integrase enzyme. HIV DNA & RNA Testing

 CD4 Cell Count
Transcription of the inserted viral DNA to produce viral messenger RNA.  Viral Load Count
 Chem-Screen (CS) Test
 S. Elec: S. Na, S. K, S.
translation of viral messenger RNA to create viral polyprotein. Ca, S. Mg, Phosphate,
Alkaline phosphatase,
Cleavage of viral polyprotein into individual viral proteins that make up the new virus. Total Bilirubin, Amylase
 Sputum GC/CS

Assembly and release of the new virus from the host cell.
 Depressed Immune Function

↓ CD4 (<200 cells/mm3) ↑ Viral Load (> 200 copies/ml )

Opportunistic Infection Malabsorption/ Dysphagia

(Pneumocystis carinii)

Wasting Syndrome Micronutrient Deficiency

Signs and Symptoms:

 Fever
 Fatigue
 Weight Loss
 Recurrent Infections
 Persistent Diarrhea
 Cough and Shortness of Breath
 Legend:
Etiology
Disease Process
HIV/AIDS Complications
Signs and Symptoms
Prognosis if left untreated
Prognosis if treated
Prognosis
Management
Diagnostic Tools
If left untreated: If treated:
 the immune system is
 a life expectancy
severely compromised, and
the risk of severe infections that is close to that
and malignancies of people without
significantly increases. HIV.
 can lead to a decline in  reduced risk of
overall health, significant
opportunistic
weight loss, and debilitating
symptoms. infections.
 life expectancy of about 1  can live a normal
to 2 years after the first lifespan.
opportunistic infection.