Personal Pronouns Possessive Adjectives and Pronouns

Reflexive Pronouns

subject form object form possessive adjective possessive pronoun

I me my mine myself
you you your yours yourself
he him his his himself
she her her hers herself
it it its its itself
we us our ours ourselves
you you your yours yourselves
they them their theirs themselves
 PASSIVE VOICE

► ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE

► Presente Simple My brother studies the lesson. The lesson is studied by my brother.
► Presente Continuo My brother is studying the lesson.The lesson is being studied by my brother.
► Pasado Simple My brother studied the lesson. The lesson was studied by my brother.
► Pasado Continuo My brother was studying the lesson. The lesson was being studied by my
brother.
► Futuro Simple My brother will study the lesson. The lesson will be studied by my brother.
► Futuro Cercano My brother is going to study the lesson. The lesson is going to be studied by
my brother.
► Presente Perfecto My brother has studied the lesson. The lesson has been studied by my brother.
► Pasado Perfecto My brother had studied the lesson. The lesson had been studied by my
brother.
 SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

► IS USED FOR ACTIONS THAT YOU USUALLY DO

SUBJECT + VERB PRESENT + COMPLEMENT

QUESTION WORD + DO / DOES + SUBJECT + VERB SIMPLE FORM + COMPLEMENT ?

SHE, HE, IT

YES, SUBJECT DO / DOES

NO, SUBJECT DON´T / DOESN´T
 PRESENT CONTINUES TENSE

► IS USED FOR ACTIONS THAT YOU ARE DOING IN THIS MOMENT

SUBJECT + VERB BE + GERUND + COMPLEMENT

Q.W. + IS/AM/ARE + SUBJECT + GERUND + COMPLEMENT ?

YES, SUBJECT IS/AM/ARE

NO, SUBJECT ISN´T / AREN´T / AM NOT
 SIMPLE PAST

► IS USED FOR ACTIONS THAT HAPPENED IN THE PAST

SUBJECT + VERB PAST + COMPLEMENT

DID + SUBJECT + VERB PRESENT + COMPLEMENT ?

YES, SUBJECT DID

NO, SUBJECT DIDN´T
 PAST CONTINUOS

► IS USED FOR ACTIONS THAT YOU WERE DOING IN THE PAST BUT NOT STOPPED

SUBJECT + VERB BE PAST (WAS / WERE) + GERUND + COMPLEMENT

WAS / WERE + SUBJECT + GERUND + COMPLEMENT ?

YES, SUBJECT WAS /WERE

NO, SUBJECT WASN´T / WEREN´T
 PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

► IS AN ACTION THAT OCURRED IN THE PAST

SUBJECT + HAVE / HAS + VERB IN PAST PARTICIPLE + COMPLEMENT

SHE , HE, IT
HAVE / HAS + SUBJECT + VERB IN PAST PARTICIPLE + COMPLEMENT ?

YES, SUBJECT HAVE / HAS

NO, SUBJECT HAVEN´T / HASN´T
 PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUES TENSE

► IS AN ACTION THAT OCURRED IN THE PAST AND CONTINUES UP IN THE

PRESENT

SUBJECT + HAVE / HAS + BEEN + GERUND + COMPLEMENT

HAVE / HAS + SUBJECT + BEEN + GERUND + COMPLEMENT ?

YES, SUBJECT HAVE / HAS

NO, SUBJECT HAVEN´T / HASN´T
 FUTURE WILL

► Predictions/statements of fact
► The auxiliary verb will is used in making predictions or simple statements of
fact about the future.

SUBJECT + WILL + VERB PRESENT + COMPLEMENT

WILL + SUBJECT + VERB PRESENT + COMPLEMENT ?
YES, SUBJECT WILL
NO, SUBJECT WILL NOT / WON´T
 FUTURE BE GOING TO

► Intentions
► The auxiliary verb going to is used in talking about intentions. (An intention is a
plan for the future that you have already thought about.)

SUBJECT + (IS / AM / ARE ) GOING TO + VERB IN THE PRESENT + COMPLEMENT

(IS / AM / ARE ) GOING TO + SUBJECT + VERB IN THE PRESENT + COMPLEMENT ?
YES, SUBJECT AM / IS / ARE
NO , SUBJECT ISN´T / AREN´T /AM NOT
 FUTURE THOUGHT

► Arrangements
► The present continuous tense is used in talking about arrangements. (An
arrangement it is a plan for the future that you have already thought
about and discussed with someone else.)
► I'm meeting my mother at the airport tomorrow.
► Our grandparents are visiting us this Christmas.
► Sorry, I can't stay after school today; I'm playing tennis with Jun-Sik.
► My sister's going to the dentist tomorrow.
► I'm not returning home for the holidays, so I can come to your party after all!
► Are you doing anything on Sunday morning?
► Do you know if he is going to the dance with Maiko next week
 FUTURE CONTINUES

► At this time next week I will be sitting in the plane on the way to New York.
► Don't call me after 10 o'clock. I'll be sleeping.
► If you want to see Miho tomorrow, you will have to go to the school. She will
be taking a test all afternoon.
► I won't be working on my car this weekend. My mother-in-law will be here.
 FUTURE PERFECT

► I hope my mother will have finished cooking dinner by the time I get home.
► You can come at 6 o'clock. I will have done my homework by then.
► There's no point calling her at home. She will have left for work already.
► On June 25 2020 they will have been married for 60 years.
 FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUES

► By the time I retire I will have been working here for 45 years!
► If she reaches her 60th birthday, she will have been smoking for half a
century!