‫المضارع البسيط ‪Simple Present‬‬

‫زمن المضارع البسيط يستخدم للتعبير عن الروتين والحقاق العامة والترتيبات الثابتة والمواعيد‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫التكوين‪ Form‬‬ ‫الكلمات الدالة علي الزمن ‪Key Words‬‬
‫)‪every (day, week, month, year‬‬
‫المفرد ‪ Singular‬‬ ‫‪always – sometimes – never – regularly‬‬
‫اي اسم مفرد \ ‪ He \ she \ it‬‬ ‫)‪+ inf - (s,es,ies‬‬ ‫‪– frequently‬‬
‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪She gets up early.‬‬ ‫هي تستيقظ مبكرًا‬
‫‪o‬‬ ‫هو يوفر الكثير من المال ‪He saves a lot of money.‬‬
‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪Water boils when it is heated‬‬ ‫تغلي المياه عند تسخينها‪( .‬حقيقة)‬
‫اسم او صفة ‪ + is + noun or adjective‬اي اسم مفرد \‪ He\she\it‬‬
‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪.‬هذه مريم ‪A: Who is she? B: This is Mariam.‬‬
‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪She is pretty‬‬ ‫‪.‬أنها جميلة‬
‫اسم او صفة ‪ I + Inf / I am + noun or adjective‬‬
‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪I am Ahmed.‬‬
‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪I play football every week.‬‬
‫اسم او صفة ‪) + inf / You are + noun or adjective‬انت( ‪ You‬‬
‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪.‬انت تلعب الكثير من ألعاب الفيديو ‪You play too much video games.‬‬
‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪You are talented.‬‬ ‫‪.‬انت تكون موهوب‬
‫لو الكلمة أخرها حرف (‪)y‬بس قبله حرف متحرك (‪ )a – e – I – o – u‬هنضيف بعدها ‪ S‬بس‪ .‬مثل‪Pl a y s , buy s :‬‬
‫لو الكلمة أخرها حرف (‪ )y‬بس قبلها حرف ساكن الـ(‪ )Y‬هتتغير وهنحط بدالها ‪ ies‬سواء في المضارع البسيط المفرد او في حالة جمع الكلمة (او ‪ ied‬لو في الماضي)‪ .‬مثل‪Stud i es , :‬‬
‫‪stud ied , part ies‬‬
‫الكلمات الي اخرها حروف (‪ )ch – s – sh – ss – z – x – o‬هيجي بعدها ‪ es‬في حالة الجمع او في المضارع البسيط مثل‪pea c h es , b us es , b o x es , di s h es :‬‬

‫الجمع ‪ Plural‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫‪ + inf‬أي اسم جمع ‪) / They /‬انتم( ‪We / You‬‬
‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪We sleep every day.‬‬ ‫‪.‬نحن ننام كل يوم‬
‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪They study for the exam.‬‬ ‫‪.‬أنهم يذاكرون ألجل االمتحان‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫اسم او صفة ‪ + are + noun or adjective‬أي اسم جمع ‪) / They /‬انتم( ‪We / You‬‬
‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪We are in the same class.‬‬ ‫‪.‬نحن نكون في نفس الفصل‬

‫المضارع المستمر ‪Present Continuous‬‬

‫زمن المضارع المستمر بيوصف حدث بيحصل دلوقتي او في فترة زمنية محددة او بيستخدم لوصف فعل او حدث بيحدث وقت الكالم‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫التكوين‪ Form‬‬ ‫الكلمات الدالة علي الزمن ‪Key Words‬‬
‫‪Now – Look! – at the moment‬‬
‫المفرد ‪ Singular‬‬
‫اي اسم مفرد \ ‪ He \ she \ it‬‬ ‫‪+ is + V-ing‬‬
‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪He is reading the book now.‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫‪I + am + V-ing‬‬
‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪I am playing video games at the moment.‬‬ ‫انا العب العاب الفيديو األن‬
‫‪)+ are + V-ing‬انت( ‪ You‬‬
‫‪o‬‬ ‫!‪You are eating my food‬‬ ‫!انت تأكل طعامي‬
‫الجمع ‪ Plural‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫‪ + are + V- ing‬أي اسم جمع ‪) / They /‬انتم( ‪We / You‬‬
‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪You are studying math at the moment.‬‬ ‫‪.‬انتم تدرسون الرياضات االن‬

‫المضارع التام ‪Present Perfect‬‬

‫زمن المضارع التام بيصف حد حدث في الماضي دون ذكر الزمن وأثره مستمر في في الحاضر‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫التكوين‪ Form‬‬ ‫الكلمات الدالة علي الزمن ‪Key Words‬‬
‫المفرد ‪ Singular‬‬ ‫‪For – Since – yet – never‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
 ‫)التصريف الثالث للفعل ( ‪ + has + V.3‬اي اسم مفرد \ ‪ He \ she \ it‬‬
‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪She has lived in Egypt since 2010.‬‬ ‫‪.‬هي تعيش في مصر منذ عشر سنوات‬
‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪He has worked as a teacher for 3 years.‬‬ ‫‪.‬هو يعمل كمدرس لـ ‪ 3‬سنوات‬
‫الجمع ‪ Plural‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫)التصريف الثالث للفعل( ‪ + have + V.3‬أي اسم جمع ‪) / They /‬انتم( ‪We / You‬‬
‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪They have bought a new house.‬‬ ‫لقد اشتروا منزًال جديدًا‬

‫الماضي البسيط ‪Past Simple‬‬

‫الماضي البسيط نستخدمه للتحدث عن فعل أو حدث وقع في الماضي وانتهى ‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫التكوين‪ Form‬‬
‫المفرد ‪ Singular‬‬
‫كلمة تدل علي زمن الماضي ‪ ) +‬التصريف التاني للفعل( )‪ +V-(d, ed, ied‬اي اسم مفرد \ ‪ He \ she \ it‬‬
‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪He played football yesterday.‬‬ ‫لقد لعب كرة القدم باألمس‬
‫الكلمات الدالة علي الزمن ‪Key Words‬‬
‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪Mary liked skating when she was a girl.‬‬
‫‪Yesterday; years, weeks, months, days,‬‬
‫اسم او صفة ‪ + was + noun or adjective‬اي اسم مفرد \ ‪ He \ she \ it‬‬ ‫‪hours ago; in (past year); last (month,‬‬
‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪He was sick last week.‬‬ ‫لقد كان مريضًا األسبوع الماضي‬ ‫)‪week, year‬‬
‫الجمع ‪ Plural‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫كلمة تدل علي زمن الماضي ‪) +‬التصريف التاني للفعل( )‪ + V-(d, ed, ied‬أي اسم جمع ‪) / They /‬انتم( ‪We / You‬‬

‫الماضي المستمر ‪Past Continuous‬‬

‫الماضي المستمر يصف حدث تم وانتهي في مدة محددة في الماضي‪ .‬يعني الزم يحددلي المدة دي بأي كلمة زي مثال ‪:‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪in the morning, yesterday afternoon, during, in the 500s, at 6 pm yesterday‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫الزم يحدد مدة حدوث الفعل سواء بالوقت او بالتاريخ او اثناء فعل شئ معين زي لما اقولك "خالل فترة حكم" او "عندما كنت في الحديقة" او "منذ الساعة‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫السادسة حتي التاسعة" كدا بيحدد مدة حدوث الفعل ده في الماضي وبنستخدم الماضي المستمر‪.‬‬
‫في حالة ‪While and When‬‬
‫وبيجي لو فيه حدثين بيحصلو مع بعض وحدث قطع التاني‪ .‬الحدث االطول هو الي بيستخدم الماضي المستمر‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫ولو الحدثين مقطعوش بعض بنستخدم في الحدثين الماضي المستمر‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫ونخلي بالنا أن تحديد المدة في اي زمن بيحول الزمن ده إلي زمن مستمر سواء كان ماضي او مضارع او مستقبل‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫التكوين‪ Form‬‬
‫المفرد ‪ Singular‬‬
‫كلمة تدل علي زمن الماضي المستمر ‪ + was + V-ing +‬اي اسم مفرد \ ‪ I \ He \ she \ it‬‬
‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪He was playing video games yesterday afternoon.‬‬ ‫كان يلعب العاب الفيديو بعد ظهر أمس‬
‫‪o‬‬ ‫ًا‬
‫بينما كنت اقوم بواجبي ‪ ،‬كان أخي نائم ‪While I was doing my homework, my brother was sleeping.‬‬
‫الجمع ‪ Plural‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫كلمة تدل علي زمن الماضي المستمر ‪ + were + V-ing +‬أي اسم جمع ‪) / They /‬انتم( ‪We / You‬‬
‫‪o We were playing football at 6 pm yesterday.‬‬ ‫كنا نلعب كرة القدم في السادسة مساء أمس‬

‫الماضي التام ‪Past Perfect‬‬

‫يستخدم لوصف حدثين في الماضي أحدهما سبق االخر ‪ ،‬ويكون الحدث االول في زمن الماضي التام والحدث التاني في زمن الماضي البسيط‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫يستخدم كذلك في التعبير عن حدث وقع وانتهي قبل وقت محدد في الماضي‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪before – after – just – already – yet‬‬ ‫الكلمات الدالة علي الزمن ‪:‬‬ ‫‪‬‬

‫التكوين‪ Form‬‬
‫مفرد او جمع ‪ Singular or Plural‬‬
‫التصريف التالت للفعل ‪ + Had +‬اسم مفرد او جمع ‪) / They /‬انت أو انتم ( ‪ I / He /she / it / We / You‬‬
‫)ماضي تام( ‪), Omar had already gone home.‬ماضي بسيط ( ‪o When Ahmed arrived at the festival‬‬
‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪I had studied French since I was a child.‬‬ ‫‪.‬كنت درست الفرنسية عندما كنت طفلة‬

‫‪2‬‬
 Future Simple ‫المستقبال البسيط‬
will or be going to ‫يستخدم للتحدث عن االحداث واالنشطة التي يتوقع حدوثها في المستقبل القريب او البعيد مع اختالف احتمالية وقوعه بأستخدام‬ 
Tomorrow – in ( further year, month, week) – next (week, month, year) : ‫الكلمات الدالة علي الزمن‬ 
 Form‫التكوين‬
 Singular or Plural ‫مفرد او جمع‬
 I / He / she / it / We / You ( ‫ )انت أو انتم‬/ They / ‫ اسم مفرد او جمع‬+ will
o I will travel next year. ‫سوف اسافر العام القدام‬
o He will get a good mark in the exam. ‫سوف يحصل علي عالمة جيدة في االمتحان‬.
Exercise 1
1. I am watching TV and my brother 9. It’s very noisy upstairs!
… a book. What …?
a) reading a) are they doing
b) is reading b) they doing
c) reads c) do they do
2. Thomas and Patrick … outside 10. (A) Are they working now?
in the yard now. (B) No, they ….
a) are playing a) aren’t
b) is playing b) don’t
c) plays c) isn’t
3. (A) … doing? 11. I … dinner because we ordered
(B) I am washing dishes. pizza a few minutes ago.
a) What are you a) am not making
b) What you b) don’t make
c) What do you c) not make
4. They … eating their dinner right now 12. (A) … right now?
because their food is too hot. (B) Yes, he is.
a) not a) He sleeps
b) don’t b) Is he sleeping
c) aren’t c) He sleeping
5. (A) Are you studying English now? 13. What … that cat doing over there
(B) Yes, I …. by the chair?
a) do a) is
b) am b) are
c) are c) does
6. (A) … are you doing? 14. Why are we waiting? Who …
(B) I’m taking a test. for?
a) What a) we are waiting
b) Where b) are we waiting
c) When c) we wait
7. I can’t talk to you right now 15. (A) … is driving the car?
because I …. (B) David is driving the car.
a) am study a) Where
b) are studying b) What
c) am studying c) Who
8. He usually goes for a walk at this 16. (A) Is your friend sitting down?
time, but he … for a walk now. (B) No, ….
a) doesn’t go a) not
3
 b) not go b) he doesn’t
c) isn’t going c) he isn’t
Exercise 2
1. My classmate and I … our teacher 9. I had to … dinner last night, so I
a question about the test. couldn’t watch the TV program.
a) ask a) cook
b) asked b) cooking
c) was asking c) cooked
2. John wanted to … work yesterday 10. (A) Did you … the book?
but he was sick. (B) No, I ….
a) go to a) finish / not finish
b) went b) finishing / wasn’t
c) go c) finish / didn’t
3. They … to the park because they 11. Why … you wash the dirty dishes
were very tired. last week?
a) no walk a) didn’t
b) not walk b) not
c) didn’t walk c) weren’t
4. (A) Did you talk to your boss? 12. He … see a dentist yesterday
(B) Yes, I …. because he had a toothache.
a) talked a) want
b) did b) wanted to
c) was c) wants to
5. He … twenty minutes for the bus 13. I … at the library very late last
yesterday. night.
a) waits a) did stayed
b) waited b) stayed
c) was wait c) was stayed
6. (A) … they fix their bicycles? 14. Mr. Johnson … for help when he
(B) Yes, they …. fell in the water.
a) Did / did a) was shout
b) Were / did b) shouts
c) Did / fixed c) shouted
7. Where … you go to school when 15. She didn’t answer the phone
you were young? because she … hear it ring.
a) did a) didn’t
b) does b) weren’t
c) were c) wasn’t
8. They … go camping in a park when 16. I ... tennis yesterday because I
they were children. don’t know how to play tennis.
a) didn’t like a) didn’t played
b) liked b) not played
c) liked to c) didn’t play
Exercise 3
1. I _______ to visit my grandparents next weekend.
a) will visit
b) visited
c) am visiting

4
2. They _______ a new car next month.
a) buy
b) will buy
c) bought
3. We _______ to the beach for our summer vacation.
a) go
b) will go
c) went
4. He _______ his homework before going out to play.
a) do
b) did
c) will do
5. She _______ a book once she finishes her current one.
a) reads
b) read
c) will read
6. We _______ the movie tonight at 8 PM.
a) watch
b) watched
c) will watch
7. They _______ a party for their anniversary next week.
a) have
b) had
c) will have
8. I promise I _______ you as soon as I get home.
a) call
b) called
c) will call
9. The train _______ in five minutes. Hurry up!
a) leaves
b) left
c) will leave
10. We _______ a great time at the concert tomorrow night.
a) have
b) had
c) will have
11. He _______ the report yesterday.
a) has finished (present perfect)
b) finished (past simple)
c) finishes (present simple)
12. We _______ to that restaurant many times.
a) have been (present perfect)
b) were (past simple)
c) are (present simple)
13. She _______ her job yet.
a) hasn't started (present perfect)
b) didn't start (past simple)
c) doesn't start (present simple)
5
14. They _______ dinner when we arrived.
a) had already eaten (past perfect)
b) have already eaten (present perfect)
c) already eat (present simple)
15. I _______ my keys. I can't find them anywhere.
a) have lost (present perfect)
b) lost (past simple)
c) lose (present simple)
16. He _______ for this company since 2010.
a) has worked (present perfect)
b) worked (past simple)
c) works (present simple)
17. We _______ the movie last night. It was really good.
a) watched (past simple)
b) have watched (present perfect)
c) watch (present simple)
18. She _______ to Paris twice this year.
a) has been (present perfect)
b) was (past simple)
c) is (present simple)
19. They _______ to the beach every summer.
a) go (present simple)
b) have gone (present perfect)
c) went (past simple)
20. He _______ his homework yet.
a) hasn't finished (present perfect)
b) didn't finish (past simple)
c) doesn't finish (present simple)
We _______ the book before we watched the movie.
a) had read (past perfect)
b) have read (present perfect)
c) read (past simple)
21. She _______ her friends yesterday.
a) met (past simple)
b) has met (present perfect)
c) meets (present simple)
22. They _______ in that house for five years.
a) have lived (present perfect)
b) lived (past simple)
c) live (present simple)
23. I _______ this song many times.
a) have heard (present perfect)
b) heard (past simple)
c) hear (present simple)
24. He _______ the news already.
a) has heard (present perfect)
b) heard (past simple)
c) hears (present simple)
6
25. We _______ to the museum last week.
a) went (past simple)
b) have gone (present perfect)
c) go (present simple)
26. She _______ the book twice.
a) has read (present perfect)
b) read (past simple)
c) reads (present simple)
27. They _______ that movie yet.
a) haven't seen (present perfect)
b) didn't see (past simple)
c) don't see (present simple)
28. He _______ his lunch every day.
a) eats (present simple)
b) has eaten (present perfect)
c) ate (past simple)
29. I _______ him yesterday.
a) saw (past simple)
b) have seen (present perfect)
c) see (present simple)
30. She _______ this city since she was a child.
a) has known (present perfect)
b) knew (past simple)
c) knows (present simple)
31. They _______ the party last night.
a) enjoyed (past simple)
b) have enjoyed (present perfect)
c) enjoy (present simple)
32. We _______ at this hotel before.
a) have stayed (present perfect)
b) stayed (past simple)
c) stay (present simple)
33. She _______ her homework every day.
a) does (present simple)
b) has done (present perfect)
c) did (past simple)
34. They _______ the movie already.
a) have seen (present perfect)
b) saw (past simple)
c) see (present simple)
35. He _______ this city for a long time.
a) has lived (present perfect)
b) lived (past simple)
c) lives (present simple)
36. We _______ our vacation last month.
a) had (past simple)
b) have had (present perfect)
c) have (present simple)
7
37. She _______ this book several times.
a) has read (present perfect)
b) read (past simple)
c) reads (present simple)
38. They _______ to that restaurant before.
a) have been (present perfect)
b) were (past simple)
c) are (present simple)
39. He _______ the answer already.
a) knows (present simple)
b) has known (present perfect)
c) knew (past simple)
40.What is the negative form of “She is going to cook dinner”?
a) she is going to not cook dinner.
b) she is not going to cook dinner.
c) she not is going to cook dinner.