SR-538 - GTIR - CH-11+267 & 29+067 - LVUP - 02 BHs

Geotechnical Investigation Report
Chainage/Structure:- 11+267 & 29+067_LVUP
SR NO. : 538_21-22
C O N ST R U CTI O N O F S IX L A N E C H IT TO O R -
T H AT CH U R R O A D (G RE EN F IE L D A L IG NM EN T)
F RO M K M 0 . 0 00 TO K M 4 3. 8 00 O N H YB R I D
ANNUITY MO DE U ND E R BH A RA TM A LA
P A R I YO J N A, I N T H E S T A TE OF ANDH RA
P R A DE SH A ND T AM I L NAD U (P A CK AG E - I).
CLIENT
M / S . K CC B UI L DC O N P VT . LT D .
PROGRAMME
OCTOBER - 2022
SR. No. Report No. Revision No. Date

538_21-22 CEGTH/KCC/SR-538/2022-23/991_(02 BHs) 00 11.10.2022
B-11(G), Malviya Industrial Area, Jaipur-302017

Tel. : 91-141-4046599, Fax : 91-141-2751806
E-mail : info@cegtesthouse.com., www.cegtesthouse.com
Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from km 0.000 to km SR-538_21-22
43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna, in the state of Andhra Pradesh and
Tamil Nadu (Package-I)
CEGTH/KCC/SR-538/2022-23/991 Date:- 11.10.2022
To,
KCC Buildcon Pvt. Ltd.
BU-5, S.F.S. Flats,
Near Income Tax Colony,
Outer Ring Road, Pitampura,
Delhi – 110034.
Subject :- Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from km

0.000 to km 43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna, in the
state of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu (Package-I).
Dear Sir,
We are pleased to submit this report of the subject work based on 02 boreholes carried out at Ch.
11+267 and 29+067 KM for only LVUP for the proposed project site.
The accompanying report presents results of field tests and laboratory tests conducted on selected
soil samples and their interpretation.
Should there be any clarifications regarding the contents please contact us at your most convenient
time.
We value the opportunity to participate in this project and look forward a pleasant association on
future projects.
Very truly yours,

CEG Test House & Research Centre Pvt. Ltd. Prepared By:-
Nehal Jain Manoo Singh

General Manager - Geotechnical Geotechnical Engineer
Authorized Signatory
SR. No. Report Ref. No. Revision No. Date

538_21-22 CEGTH/KCC/SR-538/2022-23/991_(02 BHs) 00 11.10.2022
CEG Test House & Research Centre Pvt. Ltd.

Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from km 0.000 to SR-538_21-22
km 43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna, in the state of Andhra
Pradesh and Tamil Nadu (Package-I)
CONTENTS
PAGE
S. NO. ITEMS
NO.
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
2.0 SITE LOCATION & GENERAL GEOLOGICAL HISTORY 1-2
3.0 SCOPE OF WORK 2-4
4.0 FIELD INVESTIGATION 4-9
5.0 LABORATORY INVESTIGATION 9-16
CHAPTER 2 ANALYSIS OF TEST RESULTS AND INTERPRETATION
6.0 STRATIFICATION 17
6.1 GROUND WATER TABLE DEPTH 17
6.2 RESULTS OF CHEMICAL ANALYSIS 17
6.3 COMPUTATION OF LIQUEFACTION POTENTIAL 18
CHAPTER 3 TYPE AND DEPTH OF FOUNDATION WITH ANALYSIS
7.0 TYPE & DEPTH OF FOUNDATION 19
7.1 ANALYSIS OF FOUNDATION 19-20
CHAPTER 4 RECOMMENDATIONS
8.0 FOUNDATION RECOMMENDATIONS 21
ABBREVIATIONS 22
LIST OF FIGURES / TABLES
Appendix
ITEMS PAGE NO.
No.
APPENDIX – A (FIELD DATA RESULTS)
A-1 LOCATION PLAN 24-25
A-2 FIELD BORE HOLE LOG 26-29
A-3 SUB SOIL PROFILE DIAGRAM 30
A-4 COREBOX PHOTOGRAPH 31
APPENDIX – B (LAB TEST RESULTS)
B-1 SOIL AND ROCK CHARACTERISTICS SHEET 33-34
B-2 RESULT OF CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF SOIL SAMPLE 35
APPENDIX – C (ANALYSIS & RECOMMENDATION)
SAMPLE CALCULATION FOR COMPUTATION OF ALLOWABLE 37-39
C-1
BEARING CAPACITY OF SUB-STRATA FOR RAFT FOUNDATION
CEG TEST HOUSE AND RESEARCH CENTRE PVT. LTD., JAIPUR

CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
1.0 INTRODUCTION:
The work of conducting “Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from
km 0.000 to km 43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna, in the state of Andhra Pradesh
and Tamil Nadu (Package-I).” was awarded to “CEG Test House & Research Centre Pvt. Ltd.,
Jaipur” by M/S. “KCC Buildcon Pvt. Ltd” as per reference no. KCC/NHAI/Bnagalore to
Chennai pkg-III/2020-21/01 dated 03.07.2021.
Field work including drilling of boreholes and sample collection was carried out in the presence of
representative of Client. Laboratory tests were conducted on selected soil samples to determine the
design parameters, confirming to relevant IS specifications and the guidelines received from time
to time from representative of Client.
This report includes the details of Methodology of Investigation, collection of samples (soil/rock),
laboratory test results, analysis of results and recommendations for results for proposed structures
based on soil sample collected from the locations of boreholes.
2.0 SITE LOCATION & GENERAL GEOLOGICAL HISTORY:
The details of the site & test locations for the proposed project are shown in location plan attached
vide Appendix A-1. The site of proposed project is located at Chittoor-Thatchur Road, in the state
of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu & the site falls in seismic zone – III (Zone factor=0.16) of
India.
The district is underlain by rocks belonging to Archaean to recent age. The oldest rocks belong to
Migmatite Complex, represented by migmatised quartzo-felspathic gneiss and are exposed in the
north-eastern part of the district. Older metamorphic comprise amphibolites, hornblende-talc-mica-
schist, fuchsite quartzite, calc-silicate rock, marble and banded ferruginous quartzite. These older
metamorphic occur as enclaves within Peninsular 11 or Banded Gneissic Complex (PGC/BGC) and
occupy ~90% of the area. They are represented by biotite-hornblende gneiss, biotite granite and
migmatite rocks. The Dharwar Super group of rocks represented by quartz-mica schist,
amphibolites schist, quartzoflespathic mica schist (Champion gneiss, metabasalt, metadacite and
banded ferruginous quartzite, belonging to various schist belts and occur as long linear N-S
trending belts and overlie PGC non-conformably. Acid intrusives of Proterozoic Age comprises
granite and quartz veins. The granite plutons are exposed as patches and linear bodies in south-
western and north-western parts of the district respectively. Three sets of dolerite dykes trending
EW, N-S, and NW-SE occur. The rocks belonging to Cuddapah super Group occupy northeastern
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part and are represented by shale (1%) and quartzite (4%) of Bairenkonda Formation and limestone
of Cumbum Formation. The Gondwana Super group rock occurs non conformably over the PGC in
south-eastern part of the district, represented by Satyavedu Formation. Laterite (1%) capping over
Gondwana formations is observed. Alluvial formation (1%) of recent age occurs along the major
streams.
Figure 1 : - Geology and mineral resources map of Chittoor Dist.
3.0 SCOPE OF WORK:
The stipulated scope of work involved carrying out the following operations:-
a) Mobilisation of necessary plant equipment, men and materials for the complete Geotechnical
investigation work as per specifications, drawings and instructions of the Engineer and to complete
the same within the stipulated time schedule and demobilisation after completion of field work.
Mobilization of Setup (like pontoon or similar arrangement with boat or sand bags) for Borehole
under water.
b) Shifting of Equipments from one structure location to another including Ereaction, installation of
rigs at site and dismantling of the same after completion of field work. Shifting of setup for each
borehole location and associated preparation for borehole under water
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c) Making 150 mm nominal diameter boreholes at various locations in all types of soil including
laterite, highly weathered/weathered gneiss, granitic gneiss using suitable approved method of
boring including chiselling, cleaning, providing casing pipe as required or as directed;
performing Standard Penetration Test at every 1.5 m interval and at change of strata; collection of
water samples and disturbed soil samples, observation such as ground water, etc., collection of
undisturbed soil samples at every 3.0 m interval and at change of strata; transportation of all the
collected samples to the laboratory and back filling of boreholes on completion of the same,
complete as per specification and instructions of the Engineer, for depths below natural ground
level.
d) Core drilling in rock using hydraulic feed rotary drill and double tube core barrel with diamond bit
including collection of core samples, performing SPT at locations where core recovery is less than
20%, maintaining continuous record of core recovery/ RQD, keeping the cores in wooden core
boxes, transporting to laboratory, backfilling on completion of the same, all complete as per
specification and instructions of the EIC.
e) Conducting various laboratory tests on soil samples at an approved laboratory including
preparation of soil samples to determine the following properties of soil, all complete as per
specification.
On soil Samples
o Dry density test
o Bulk Density and Moisture Content.
o Sieve Analysis
o Hydrometer Analysis
o Liquid Limit and Plastic Limit
o Shrinkage Limit
o Specific gravity
o Swell Pressure
o Free Swell Index
o Relative Density (for sand)
o Unconfined Compressive strength
o Direct Shear Test
o One Dimensional consolidation test
o Chemical Analysis
o Box Shear Test (in case of sand)
o Triaxial Shear Tests
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o i) Unconsolidated undrained
o ii) Consolidated Undrained Test with the Pressure Measurement of Pore water
o iii) Drained Consolidation Test.
f) Conducting laboratory tests on rock samples including preparation of the samples to determine the
following properties, all complete as per specification
On Rock Samples
o Moisture content, porosity & Density
o Specific gravity
o Hardness
o Soundness
o Slake Durability index
o Unconfined compression test (both at saturated and in-situ water content)
o Point load strength index
o Deformability test (both saturated and dry samples)
o Impact Value
g) Conducting chemical tests on water samples to determine the Sulphate, chloride, and pH value,
any other chemicals harmful to foundation material, all complete as per specification.
h) Submitting draft report in three copies including all field records and laboratory test results,
graphs, etc., all complete as per specifications.
i) Submitting final report in three compact disk (CD) copies and final report in 5 hard copies in after
the approval of the draft final report including all field records and laboratory test results, graphs,
etc., all complete as per specifications.
4.0 FIELD INVESTIGATION:
4.1 FIELD INVESTIGATION IN SOIL STRATA
The investigation was planned to obtain the subsurface stratification in the proposed project site
and collect soil / rock core samples for laboratory testing to determine the engineering properties
such as shear strength, along with basic engineering classification of the subsurface stratum.
For geotechnical investigation work, required equipements along with rotary drilling rigs and
manpower were mobilized at site to carry out various field activities as per the scope of work.
These were shifted from one test location to another location during execution of field work and
were demobilized on satisfactory completion of field work.
For conducting the field investigations the following practices were followed at site:
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The locations of 02 boreholes were marked at site at specified locations. These locations are
shown in Appendix A-1 attached subsequently.
The details of various borehole / test locations along with their coordinates are provided herein
below:
Table 1.1: Details of Borehole Locations
Structure
Depth of Depth of
Co-ordinates (m)
S. Chainage BH. Water Table Borehole
No. (km) No. below EGL below EGL
E N
(m) (m)
LVUP
1. 11+267 BH-54 1.00 10.50 301481.273 1458476.910
2. 29+067 BH-122 5.00 10.50 316657.200 1467488.050
In soil, boreholes of 150mm dia. were drilled as per the standard procedure laid in IS: 1892.
Wherever rocky strata was encountered before achieving the required depth below E.G.L.,
bore holes were further extended beyond refusal through soft/ hard rock using Hydraulic
drilling Rigs with Nx size double tube core barrel / diamond bits upto required depth below
the EGL and were terminated as per the instruction of Engr. in-charge.
Borehole was properly cleaned before taking any sample in soil.
Casing was used as per the prevailing soil conditions, to stabilize the borehole.
Standard Penetration Tests were conducted in bore holes at regular intervals or at

every change of strata as per Technical specification.
Undisturbed / disturbed samples were collected wherevery feasible as per the requirements
and at specified depths / levels. The same has been discussed in detail in soil characteristics
sheets attached with the report.
Water table was met in both the boreholes (BH-54 and BH-122) at depths 1.0m and 5.00m
respectively below EGL.
The detailed procedure adopted for conducting various field tests is given here in below:
(i) Standard Penetration Test:
The Standard Penetration Test was conducted in boreholes as per IS 2131. The test was carried out
using the standard split spoon sampler to measure the number of blows ‘N’.
Standard split spoon sampler was attached to an ‘A’ rod. It was driven from borehole bottom to a
distance of 45 cm using a standard hammer of 63.5 kg falling freely from a height of 75 cm to the
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required depth. While driving, the number of blows required to penetrate every 15 cm are recorded.
The total number of blows required for the last 30 cm is taken as ‘N’ value at that particular depth
of the borehole. Wherever the total penetration was less than 45cm, the no. of blows & the depth
penetrated is recorded in the respective borelog.
SPT ‘N’ values were correlated with relative density of non-cohesive stratum and with consistency of
cohesive stratum as given below:-
Table 1.2: Soil compactness as per SPT N values (cl. 9.7, table 9.3 & 9.4, page 330_text book
of V.N.S. Murthy)
Correlation for Clay / Plastic silt Correlation for Sand / Non-Plastic silt
Consistency SPT "N" Value Compactness SPT "N" Value
Very Soft 0-2 Very Loose 0-4
Soft 2-4 Loose 4 - 10
Medium 4-8 Medium 10 - 30
Stiff 8 - 15 Dense 30 - 50
Very Stiff 15 - 30 Very Dense > 50
Hard > 30
(a) For overburden: - The N value for cohesionless soil is corrected with the help of fig. 1 given in IS-
2131.
(b) Due to dilatancy :- Wherever N values observed below water table in fine sand, silty sand or silt was
greater than 15, then corrected N values were corrected as under:
N’ =15 + ½ (N-15)
(ii) Disturbed Sampling (Soil) in boreholes:
Disturbed soil samples were collected at a regular interval starting from ground level and at every
identifiable change of strata. Samples were immediately sealed, labeled and carefully transported to the
laboratory for testing.
(iii) Undisturbed Sampling (Soil) in boreholes:

Undisturbed samples were collected using MS tubes of suitable diameter and length with Area
ratio as per clause 4.1.1 (c) of IS: 1892 (latest) fitted to an adopter with ball and socket
arrangement. Before taking any sample, sampling tube was properly greased. Immediately after taking
on undisturbed sample in a tube, the adopter head was removed along with the disturbed material. The
visible ends of the sample were trimmed off any wet disturbed soil. The ends were coated alternately
with four layers of just molten wax. More molten wax was added to give a total thickness of min. 25
mm. The samples were carefully labeled and transported to the laboratory for testing. Undisturbed
samples wherever slipped during lifting were duly marked in the field logs as well as in the soil profile.
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(iv) Collection of Ground Water Samples from bore holes:
As the water table was met at the location of boreholes carried out for proposed structures. All the
samples were properly sealed, lebeled and carefully transported to the laboratory for chemical
analysis.
4.3 FIELD INVESTIGATION IN ROCK STRATA
Drilling was done by rotary core drilling method using double tube core barrels as per the
guidelines of IS: 6926-1196, because of its ability in retaining higher quality of rock samples. A
core barrel and Nx sized bits were used for drilling and recovering rock cores. Recovered rock
cores were numbered serially and preserved in good quality sturdy wooden core boxes as specified
in IS: 4078-1980. Rock core recovery and Rock Quality Designation (RQD) were computed for
every run length. Water was used as the drilling fluid. The ratio of total length of rock pieces
collected to length drilled, expressed as percentage and known as core recovery was recorded. To
obtain RQD (Rock Quality Designation), only those pieces of rock which were 10 cm and longer
were measured for the total length. The above length divided by length drilled, expressed as
percentage, was recorded as RQD. The Core Recovery and RQD value were assigned based on
Standard procedure given in IS: 11315 (Part 11).
Thus
(a) Core recovery in % = (Length of Core / Length of run) x 100
(b) RQD in % = (Length of core in pieces of 100mm and above / Length of run) x100
Rock classification in terms of weathering, state of fractures & strength was carried out in the
following manner as tabulated below:-
Table 1.3: Scale of Weathering Grades of Rock Mass [cl. 3.6.2.2 of IS: 4464]
Terms Description Grade
No visible sign of rock material weathering; perhaps slight discoloration on
Fresh I
major discontinuity surfaces.
Discoloration indicates weathering of rock material and discontinuity
Slightly
surfaces. All the rock material may be discolored by weathering and may be II
Weathered
somewhat weaker externally that in its fresh condition.
Less than half of the rock material is decomposed or disintegrated to a soil.
Moderately
Fresh or discolored rock is present either as a continuous framework or as III
Weathered
core stones.
More than half of the rock material is decomposed and/or disintegrated to a
Highly
soil. Fresh or discolored rock is present either as a discontinuous framework IV
Weathered
or as core stones.
Completely
V
Weathered All rock material is decomposed and/or disintegrated to soil. The original
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Terms Description Grade

mass structure is still largely intact.
All rock material is converted to soil. The mass structure and material fabric
Residual
are destroyed. There is a large change in volume, but the soil has not been VI
Soil
significantly transported.
As per IS 4464 it should be understood that all grades of weathering may not be seen in a given
rock mass and that in some cases a particular grade may be present to a very small extent.
Distribution of the various weathering grades of rock material in the rock mass may be decided
related to the porosity of the rock material and the presence of open discontinuities of all types in
the rock mass.
Rock classification based on their physical condition and Unconfined Compressive Strength based on
Clause 8.2 and Table – 2 of IRC: 78-2014 as follows:-
Table 1.4: Classification of Rocks (IRC-78)
Unconfined Compressive
Rock Type Description
Strength (UCS) in MPa
Cannot be scratched with knife or sharp pick.
Extremely
Breaking of specimen could be done by sledge > 200
Strong
hammer only.
Cannot be scratched with knife or sharp pick.
Very Strong Breaking of specimens requires several hard blows of 100 to 200
geologists’ pick.
Can be scratched with knife or pick with difficulty.
Strong Hard blow of hammer required to detach hand 50 to 100
specimen.
Can be scratched with knife or pick, 6mm deep
Moderately gouges or grooves can be made by hand blow of
12.5 to 50
Strong geologists’ pick. Hand specimen can be detached by
moderate blow.
Can be grooved or gouged 1.5mm deep by firm
Moderately pressure on knife or pick point. Can be broken into
5 to 12.5
weak pieces or chips of about 2.5mm maximum size by
hard blows of the geologists’ pick.
Can be grooved or gouged easily with knife or pick
point. Can be break down in chips to pieces several
Weak 1.25 to 5
cm’s in size by moderate blows of pick point. Small
thin pieces can be broken by finger pressure.
Can be carved with knife. Can be broken easily with point
Very Weak of pick. Pieces 25mm or more in thickness can be broken < 1.25
by finger pressure. Can be scratched easily by finger nail.
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Relation between RQD and In-situ Rock Quality

Rock quality is further measured by frequency of natural joints in rock mass. RQD is used to
define state of fractures or massiveness of rock. Following table defines the quality of rock mass as
per Clause 5, IS: 11315 (Part 11)-1985:-
Table 1.5: Core Quality
Rock Type RQD (%)
Excellent 90 - 100
Good 75 - 90
Fair 50 - 75
Poor 25 - 50
Very Poor < 25
5.0 LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS:
5.1 LABORATORY TESTS ON SOIL SAMPLES:
The following laboratory tests were conducted on selected soil samples:

Table 1.6: Description of Tests
Undisturbed Disturbed
Description of Test Reference (UDS) Soil (DS/SPT)
Samples Soil Samples
Grain Size Analysis / Hydrometer IS: 2720 (Part - 4) - √
Natural Moisture Content / Bulk / Dry

IS : 2720 (Part – 2) - -
density
Atterberg Limits
• Liquid Limit IS: 2720 (Part - 5) -
√
• Plastic Limit IS: 2720 (Part - 5) -
Specific Gravity IS : 2720 (Part – 3) - -
Direct Shear Test IS : 2720 (Part – 13) - -
IS : 2720 (Part – 26,
Chemical Analysis of Soil Samples - √
27)
Note:- The detailed procedure adopted for conducting various laboratory tests is described in the following
paragraphs:
5.1.1 Dry density and Bulk density

For determination of bulk density and dry density, a sample of known volume ‘V’ was extracted
from the undisturbed sampling tube and it’s bulk weight ‘W’ was noted down.Moisture content
‘Wn’ was determined by oven drying method.
The bulk density and dry density were determined by following equation-
Bulk density (γb) = W/V
Dry density (γd) = γb/ (1+Wn)
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5.1.2 Natural water content

For this test, the soil sample of known quantity (Wm) was taken in a container.The container with
soil sample was placed into an oven for drying at 105-110°c temperature for 16-24 hours. After
drying, the dry sample was again weighted to determine the dry weight of sample (Wd).
The natural water content was computed by the following equation-
Wn = (Wm-Wd)*100/Wd
5.1.3 Grain Size Analysis (IS: 2720- Part-4)

Wet sieve analysis:
For determination of particle sizes finer than 75 micron, wet sieve analysis test was conducted. For
this test, oven dried sample of known quantity was taken in a container and soaked with dispersing
agent. The soaked soil sample was washed thoroughly over 75 micron IS sieve until the water
passing sieve was substantially clean.
Fraction retained on 75 micron IS sieve was carefully collected in a container without any loss in
material and placed into oven for drying.
Dry sieve analysis:
For this test, the oven dried soil sample after wet sieving was sieved through the set of IS sieves 20
mm, 10 mm, 4.75 mm, 2.0 mm, 1.0 m , 425 micron , 300 micron, 150 micron and 75micron. The
amounts of soil retained on each sieve were noted down. The % retained, cumulative % retained
and % passing were computed accordingly. Wherever the soil sample % passing 75 micron sieve
was significant, Hydrometer method was used to find the percentage of silt and clay fraction.
Grain size analysis for the fraction passing 75 micron IS Sieve (Hydrometer method)
Calibration of Hydrometer
Hydrometer was calibrated to determine a relationship (an equation) between the effective depth
HR and corresponding hydrometer reading Rh (obtained during test).
50 to 100 gm of soil sample passing through 75 micron IS Sieve was taken. It was mixed with 100
ml of sodium hexametaphesphate solution and the mixture was warmed for about 10 minutes. It
was then transferred to the cup of the mechanical mixer and the soil suspension was stirred for 15
minutes. The soil suspension was transferred into 1000 ml measuring cylinder and distilled water
was added to make 1000ml solution. This solution was mixed vigorously. The measuring cylinder
was then allowed to stand and the stopwatch was started. Hydrometer was immersed in the
solution and reading were taken after half, one, two and four minutes. The hydrometer was then
removed slowly and kept in distilled water at the same temperature as the soil suspension.
Readings were taken after the periods of 8, 15 and 30 minutes, and one, two and four hours.
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Hydrometer was removed, rinsed and placed in the distilled water after each reading. After 4 hours
reading was taken once or twice within 24 hours. Finally a reading was taken at the end of 24
hours. The temperature of the suspension was observed and recorded.
Calculations
Diameter of the particles (D):
30 µ HR M HR
D= × =
980(G − 1) t t
Where,
D = diameter of particle in suspension, in mm;
µ = co-efficient of viscosity of water at the temperature of the suspension at the time of
taking the hydrometer reading, in poise;
G = specific gravity of the soil fraction used in the sedimentations analysis;
HR = effective depth corresponding to Rn , in cm.
t = time elapsed between the beginning of sedimentation and taking of hydrometer
reading in minutes
30 µ
M= = a constant factor for given values of µ and G at the temperature of the
980(G − 1)
suspension.
Percentage finer than diameter D:
The percentage by mass (w) of particles smaller than corresponding equivalent particle diameters
(D) was calculated from the formula:
100Gs
w= × Rh
Wb (Gs −1)
Where
w = percentage finer
Gs = specific gravity of soil particle
Wb = weight of soil
Rh = Hydrometer reading
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5.1.4 Specific Gravity (IS: 2720-Part-3 Sec-1)

The specific gravity of soil sample was determined by density bottle method. For this test 5-10g
oven dried and cooled soil sample was taken in 50ml capacity density bottle and its weight was
noted down as W2 .The soil was covered with distilled water and left for sufficient period for
suitable soaking. The entrapped air was removed by vacuum. The bottle with soil was filled fully
with water and its weight was noted down (W3). The mass of empty bottle and bottle filled with
distilled water were noted down as W1 and W4 respectively.
The Specific Gravity was determined by using following equation :
G=W2-W1/[(W2-W1)-(W3-W4)]
5.1.5 Liquid Limit (IS: 2720- Part-5)

By Cone Penetrometer Method
The 'Cone Penetrometer Apparatus' is a variant of the fall-cone and consists of a cone with a
smooth polished surface and angle of 30° ± 1/2°. The weight of the cone, together with its
associated shaft is 80g ± 0.5g. A support assembly with an automatic cone release mechanism and
cone height adjustment mechanism used to hold the cone vertically. The angle and weight of the
cone were calibrated at regular intervals, and the sharpness of the cone tip was checked daily.
Distilled water was added and thoroughly mixed with the soil sample to produce a homogeneous
paste. The paste was then placed in a cup with a diameter of at least 55mm and a depth of at least
40mm. The surface of the soil was smoothed off level and parallel to the base. The support
assembly was used to position the tip of the cone so that it was just touching the top surface of the
soil, and the automatic tripping mechanism was released. The cone was allowed to penetrate into
the soil for a period of 5 (± 1) s, then the cone was locked off to stop further movement and the
penetration was recorded. The cup was refilled and the test was repeated. The two recorded
penetrations need to be within 0.5mm of each other, otherwise a third test is performed. when the
three test vary by more than 1mm the test was repeated.
Further tests were conducted, at varying water contents, in order to produce a series of cone
penetrations (usually 4) in the range 15mm to 25mm. The resulting cone penetrations were plotted
verses the water content of the test specimens. The Liquid Limit (WL) was read off the graph,
being the water content at which the line of best fit through the test points crosses 20mm
penetration.
5.1.6 Plastic Limit (IS: 2720-Part-5)

For this test, soil sample was prepared in the same way as for liquid limit test. A ball of soil sample
weighed about 5 gm was formed. The ball was rolled between the fingers of one hand and the
glass plate with pressure sufficient to reduce the mass into a thread of about 3 mm in 5 to 10
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complete forward and back movements. When a diameter of 3 mm was reached, soil was again
remolded into a ball. The process of rolling and remolding was repeated until the thread started
just crumbing at a diameter of 3 mm. The crumbled thread was immediately transferred to an
airtight container for determination of its moisture content by oven drying method.
This water content has been termed as plastic limit. (WP)
5.1.7 Plasticity Index (IS: 2720-Part-5)

The plasticity index Ip was given by
Ip=WL-WP (in percent)
5.1.8 Direct Shear Test (IS:2720-Part-13):

For this test shear box test apparatus was used. The prepared specimen from remolded/undisturbed
sample was placed carefully in the box. The plain grid was kept on top of the specimen with its
directions at right angles to the direction of shear. The upper porous stone was placed on the grid
and loading pad on the stone. The box with specimen was gently placed in the container (water
jacket). The specimen was submerged with water. The container was mounted with the shear box
and the specimen inside, on the shearing machine. The upper part of the box was so adjusted that it
touchéd the proving ring. The jack was brought forward to bear up against the box container. The
proving ring dial gauge was set to read zero.
The steel ball was placed in the recess of the loading pad. The loading yoke was set in contact with
the steel ball on the loading pad. Vertical displacement dial gauge to read zero in contact with the
top of the yoke. The normal load was applied and any change in thickness of specimen was
recorded. Shear displacement dial gauge was also set to read zero. The locking screw was now
removed and two parts of the shear box were separated by advancing the spacing screws.
The specimen was sheared at constant rate of strain. The readings of the proving ring dial gauge
were noted down every 15 seconds for the first one-minute and then every 30 seconds thereafter.
The reading of change in the thickness dial gauge and shear displacement dial gauge were also
recorded at the same time interval. The test was continued until the specimen fails. The specimen
was assumed to fail when the proving ring dial gauge started receding or at shear displacement of
approximately 15% of the length took place.
The soil was removed from the box and test was repeated on the identical specimen under
increased normal load.
5.1.9 Triaxial Shear Test_UUT (IS: 2720-Part-11)

For this test, Triaxial Shear Test apparatus was used. The plain disc was placed on the pedestal of
the triaxial cell. The specimen was placed centrally on the disc. A correct size rubber membrane
13 of 39
was fitted inside the stretcher with ends of membrane folded over those of the stretcher. Vacuum
was applied to stretch the membrane to the inside surface of the stretcher which was carefully
slipped around the specimen kept on the pedestal. The vacuum on the membrane was released. Its
bottom part was rolled down into the pedestal. plain disc was placed on the top of the specimen
and then loading pad was placed. The top part of membrane was rolled on to the loading pad. Then
the stretcher was removed and ends were sealed with ‘O’ rings. With the properly sealed
specimen placed centrally on the pedestal, the cell was assembled, keeping the loading piston
initially clear of the loading pad of the specimen, the assembly was placed in the loading frame.
For unconsolidated undrained test, the bottom drainage value (BDV) and top drainage value
(TDV) of cell, was closed and air release valve (ARV) was opened. The cell was filled with water
through the cell water value CWV. ARV was closed when water begins to escape through it. The
cell pressure was raised to the desired value and kept constant till the end of the test.
When the cell pressure was applied, the load piston rises upward, the loading machine was
operated at the anticipated rate to bring the load piston slightly above the loading pad of the
specimen and the load measuring dial gauge on proving ring was set to zero.
The piston was brought just in contact with loading pad by hand operation of the machine. The
axial compression dial gauge was mounted and set to read zero.
The axial loading was started at 1.25 mm/min rate of strain. Simultaneous readings on the load and
compression dial gauges were noted down. The test was continued until a recession of the axial
load is observed or 20% of strain.
After failure, the specimen was unloaded by reversing the loading machine, cell pressure was
reduced and cell water was drained out through BRV. The cell was dismantled and the specimen
was taken out, rubber membrane was removed and weight of the failed sample and its water
content was determined. The test was repeated on two more identical specimens with increasing
cell pressure.
5.2 LABORATORY TESTS ON ROCK CORE SAMPLES
Rock samples recovered from various depths of strata were tested for the following properties:
Table 1.7: Laboratory Tests for Rocks
Description of Test Specifications
Preparation of rock specimen IS : 9179
Specific gravity, porosity and water absorption IS : 13030
Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) IS : 9143
Point Load Index (PLI) IS : 8764
14 of 39
• The results of various laboratory tests conducted on selected rock core samples are shown vide
Appendix – B.
The detailed procedure adopted for conducting various laboratory tests is described in the
following paragraphs:
5.2.1 Preparation of Rock Specimen (IS: 9179)

The core cut-off machine was used for cross cutting of rock core. Rock core was clamped in a vee-
block slotted to permit passage of wheel. Core was supported on both sides of the cut to avoid
spalling. Edge grinding was done using lathe. Sample was held directly in the chuck and rotated
and the grinding wheel was passed against it.
5.2.2 Water Absorption (WA) & Specific Gravity (SG) (IS: 13030)
Following procedure was adopted to determine water absorption and specific gravity of rock
samples.
Approximately 500g of rock sample was thoroughly washed to remove finer particles and dust
and then immersed in distilled water for a period of 24 ± ½ hours. Mass of the basket submerged
in the immersion bath was noted down. Sample was transferred under water to the basket in the
immersion bath. Saturated submerged mass of the basket plus sample was noted. Massof the clean
dry sample container and lid was noted. Sample was removed from the immersion bath and surface
dried. Mass of the saturated surface dry sample plus container was noted. Sample and the container
with lid was oven dried. Dried mass was noted.
5.2.3 Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) (IS: 9143)

For the determination of UCS of rock core, length to diameter ratio of the cylindrical specimen
was kept between 2.0 to 3.0. The specimen ends were made flat. The specimen was kept on the
lower disc of compression testing machine. The axis of the specimen was carefully aligned with
the center of the thrust of the spherical seat. Load on the specimen was applied continuously at a
constant stress rate such that failure takes place in about 5 to 15 minutes of loading. The maximum
load on the specimen was recorded. The unconfined compressive strength of the specimen was
calculated by dividing the max load carried by the specimen during the test by the average original
cross-sectional area.
5.2.4 Point Load Index (PLI) (IS:8764)

The diameter ‘D’ of the specimen measured in ‘mm’. The core specimen was tested after soaking
them. There are two methods to determine Point Load Index on rock cores.
15 of 39
a) Diametral Test
Core specimens with length/diameter ratio greater than 1.0 were used for diametral testing. The
specimen was inserted in the test machine and the platens were closed to make contact along a
core diameter, ensured the distance between contact point and the nearest free end was at least 0.50
times the core diameter.
Load was applied to the specimen such that failure occurs within 10-60s and the failure load ‘P’ is
recorded.
b) Axial Test
Core specimens with length/diameter ratio of 0.3 to 1.0 are suitable for axial testing. The specimen
was inserted in the test machine and the platens closed to make contact along a line perpendicular
to the core end faces.
Load was then applied to the specimen such that failure occurs within 10-60s and the failure load
‘P’ was recorded.
16 of 39
CHAPTER 2 ANALYSIS OF TEST RESULTS AND INTERPRETATION

6.0 STRATIFICATION
From the study of the borehole logs of 02 BHs it is revealed that the sub strata :
At the location of BH-54:-
a) From existing ground level to 0.55m depth consists of coarse grained strata i.e., Clayey sand and
followed by Silty Sand.
b) From depth 0.55m to the termination depth consists of rocky strata i.e., Completely to Highly
weathered GRANITE.
At the location of BH-122:-
a) From existing ground level to 0.55m depth consists of coarse grained strata i.e., Silty sand.
b) From depth 0.55m to the termination depth consists of rocky strata i.e., Completely to Highly
weathered GRANITE.
6.1 GROUND WATER TABLE DEPTH
The Ground Water Table at the locations of boreholes (BH-54 and BH-122) though was
encountered at depth 1.00m and 5.00m respectively below the existing ground level, it may rise up
during heavy rains / rainy season. However, for the analysis of various foundations, the water table
has been considered at existing ground level.
6.2 RESULTS OF CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
Results of chemical analysis of soil samples (as per Appendix – B2) indicates that the soil sample
falls under Class I for sulphates and chlorides concentration (As per IS 456-2000 and CIRIA Sp.
Publication No. 31). The results are summarized here in below :-
Summary of chemical analysis of soil samples
Findings Remarks (Required limits as per IS
Chemical Property
(Min to Max) 456-2000)
pH 7.95 to 8.37 > 6.0
Sulphate as SO4 (%) 0.0019 to 0.0020 (%) < 0.2% (Class I)
No limit specified in IS 456. However, a limit
Chlorides as Cl- (%) 0.0029 to 0.0032 (%) of 0.10% specified for class I in CIRIA Sp.
Publication No. 31)
Note :- As the PH, sulphate content & chloride content are within permissible limit hence no
special precautions are required.
17 of 39
6.3 COMPUTATION OF LIQUEFACTION POTENTIAL
Liquefaction is the sudden loss of shear strength of the sub soil strata due to earthquake-induced
vibration under saturated conditions.
Assessment of liquefaction potential of foundation strata is made by simplified approach proposed

as per IS: 1893 (Part-1)-2016, from the SPT data and peak ground acceleration likely to occur at
the site. In this method, cyclic shear stress likely to be induced in the foundation strata by Design
Basis Earthquake (DBE) is first evaluated.
Next threshold cyclic shear stress, which is good enough to cause liquefaction, is determined from
SPT data and the empirical relations. Finally, comparison of these two stresses is used in the
estimation of liquefaction susceptibility of the foundation strata.
Unsaturated soils are not subjected to liquefaction because vibratory forces from earthquakes do
not cause any increase in pore water pressure in such soils.
The site of proposed project is located at Chittoor-Thatchur Road, in the state of Andhra Pradesh
and Tamil Nadu & the site falls in seismic zone – III (Zone factor=0.16) of India. Further as per
the provisions of IS: 1893 in soil deposits consisting of submerged loose sands & soils falling
under classification of SP with standard penetration N value less than 15, the shaking caused by
earthquake ground motion may cause liquefaction or excessive total and differential settlements.
For the cohesionless strata encountered in the boreholes at site, the IS: 1893 (Part-1)-2016 should
be referred for the analysis of Liquefaction Potential and for the cohesive strata, RDSO BS-118
should be referred.
As per the RDSO guidelines:
a. Cohesive soils should be considered liquefiable if wl≤ 37 %, Ip≤ 12 % and wn>0.80 wl, where Ip is
the Plasticity Index.
b. Liquefaction susceptibility of soils should be considered marginal if wl ≤ 47 %, Ip≤ 20 % and wn≥
0.85 wl, where Ip is the Plasticity Index.
c. Cohesive soils should be considered non-liquefiable if wl>47 % or Ip>20 % or wn<0.85 wl, where
Ip is the Plasticity Index.
As the strata encountered at the location of the proposed project is having SPT ‘N’ value is N>100
and rocky strata exists from 0.50m -1.50m to the termination depth having very dense, it is safe to
say that the strata at the location is not susceptible to liquefaction.
18 of 39
CHAPTER 3 TYPE AND DEPTH OF FOUNDATION WITH ANALYSIS

7.0 TYPE & DEPTH OF FOUNDATION:
Based on the nature & strength characteristics of the substrata and requirement of the project, the
following type of foundation have been analyzed as given below:
Depth of
Size of the
Chainage Type of foundation
Structure BH No. foundation
(km) foundation below E.G.L.
(m)
(m)
11+267 BH-54 Raft
LVUP 1.0 13.20 x 14.50
29+067 BH-122 Foundation
The details of foundation analysis are given in the subsequent paragraph.
7.1 ANALYSIS OF FOUNDATION
(A) RAFT FOUNDATION IN SOIL
7.1.1 From Shear Failure Criteria

Net Safe Bearing capacity from Shear Failure consideration has been computed in accordance with
IS: 6403-1981, which is based on, modified Terzaghi’s classical approach. A factor of safety of 2.5
has been taken to estimate the net safe bearing capacity from ultimate net bearing capacity.
For soils, containing both coarse grained (gravels & sands) and fine grained (clays), c and Φ are
used to determine the soil strength. In case of predominantly fine grained soils, c and Φ are
determined by the Triaxial Compression test as per IS: 2720 pt XI. For predominantly coarse
grained soils, c and Φ are determined by Direct Shear test as per IS: 2720 pt XIII. These c and Φ
values were used for determining the SBC of soil as per shear failure criteria.
The ultimate net bearing capacity in case of general shear failure is given by following expression,
qd = c Nc sc dc ic + q (Nq-1) sq dq iq + (1/2) B γ Nγ sγ dγ iγ W'
The ultimate net bearing capacity in case of local shear failure is given by following expression,
q'd = (2/3) c N'c sc dc ic + q (N'q-1) sq dq iq + (1/2) B γ N'γ sγ dγ iγ W'
Where,
dc = 1+ 0.2 (Df/B)*SQRT(Nφ)
dq = dγ = 1 for φ <10o
dq = dγ = 1 + 0.1 (Df/B)*SQRT(Nφ) for φ >10o
Nφ = tan2(π/4 +φ/2)
φ' for local shear failure = tan-1 ( 0.67 tanφ )
The following soil parameters were selected for calculations:
19 of 39
Cohesion ‘C’
friction(ф)
(kg/sq.cm)
Depth of
Remarks
Angle of
internal
(Deg.)
Chainage Type of foundation
Structure BH No.
(km) Foundation below EGL
(m)
11+267 BH-54 Raft -

LVUP 1.0 0.00 33
29+067 BH-122 Foundation -
7.1.2 From Settlement Failure Criteria
Allowable Bearing Pressure from Settlement Failure consideration has been computed in
accordance with IS: 8009 (Part-I). The magnitude of settlement, when foundation loads are
applied, depends upon the compressibility of the underlying strata and rigidity of the substructure.
The total permissible settlement in cohesion-less soil is estimated using SPT value as per IS: 8009
(Part-I). While using this approach, the N value was corrected, wherever applicable, below the
footing base to at least 1.5B (where 'B' is the width of foundation) for the effects of energy ratio,
dilation for submerged silty fine sands / fine sands as well as that due to the overburden pressure.
Further the immediate settlements in cohesive soil are estimated using the elastic theory
considering the effect of a rigid stratum underlying the foundation soils (Reference: “Foundation
Analysis and Design” by J.E.Bowles) and for consolidation settlement in cohesive soil the
following equation has been used:
St = ∆P Mv H
Where,
Mv = Coefficient of volume compressibility, cm2/kg
∆P = Pressure increment, kg/cm2
H = Thickness of layers
For the analysis of raft foundation the total permissible settlement have been considered as 50mm
as per IS 1904.
Zone of influence below foundation has been considered up to 1.5 times the width of the
foundation.
Lower of the two values obtained from settlement and shear criteria is used in arriving at allowable
bearing capacity of the soil.
Sample calculation for computation of allowable bearing capacity of sub-strata for raft foundation
resting on soil are attached vide Appendix C-1.
20 of 39
CHAPTER 4 FOUNDATION RECOMMENDATIONS
8.0 FOUNDATION RECOMMENDATIONS
• Based on the nature & strength characteristics of the substrata and requirement of the project, raft
foundation have been analysed at the location of boreholes.
• Based on the method of analysis & design parameters given under Para 7.1, the recommended net
allowable bearing capacity values have been tabulated below vide table no. 4.1 :-
Table 4.1: Recommended Net Allowable Bearing Capacity for Raft Foundation
from settlement failure (t/m2)

Allowable Bearing Pressure
Depth of Foundation below
Net Safe Bearing Capacity

from Shear Failure (t/m2)
Recommended Allowable
Chainage (km)/Structure
Bearing Capacity (t/m2)

Foundation size (m)
Type of Foundation
EGL (m)
BH. No.
11+267 BH-54 Raft 1.00 54.22 87.26 45.0

13.20 X 14.50
29+067 BH-122 Foundation 1.00 54.22 87.26 45.0
Note:
1. The Recommended net allowable bearing capacity to be adopted for design of foundation is
restricted to a maximum value of 45 t/m2.
2. As the depth of borehole is limited to an extent, for calculating the SBC of raft foundation the same
strata as encountered at the termination depth has been considered up to the depth of influence
zone.
3. Based on the strata encountered at the location of boreholes, for the analysis of SBC, for shear
and settlement critieria, the strata is considered as very dense sand with the shear parmeters of
C=0 & Phi=33.
All The above recommendations are based on the field and laboratory tests conducted on selected
soil samples and our experience in this regard. If the actual substrata conditions during
excavation for the foundation differ from the observations reported here, the design
experts/consultants should be referred for suggestion, further investigations.
21 of 39
Abbreviations
BH Borehole
TP Trial Pit
ERT Electrical Resistivity Test
CBR California Bearing Ratio
EGL Existing Ground Level
GWT Ground Water Table
IS Indian Standards
SPT Standard Penetration Test
DS Disturbed Soil
R.L. Reduced Level
m Metre
sp. gr. Specific Gravity
% Percentage
mg /l Milligram per litre
mg /kg Milligram per kilogram
22 of 39
APPENDIX – A (FIELD DATA RESULTS)

Appendix No. ITEMS
A-1 LOCATION PLAN
A-2 FIELD BORE HOLE LOGS
A-3 SUB SOIL PROFILE DIAGRAM
A-4 COREBOX PHOTOGRAPH
23 of 39
CHITTOOR THATCHUR
BH-7 BH-9 BH-11 BH-13 BH-15 BH-22 BH-24

BH-17 BH-19
4+280
4+290
4+300
4+310
4+430
4+440
4+450
4+460
4+470
4+480
4+490
4+500
4+510
0+830
0+840
0+850
0+860
0+870
0+880
0+890
0+900
0+910
0+920
0+930
0+940
0+950
0+960
0+970
0+980
2+840
2+850
2+860
2+870
2+880
3+330
3+340
BH-21
3+350
3+540
3+360
3+530
3+370
3+520
3+380
3+510
3+390
3+500
3+400
3+410
3+420
3+430
3+440
3+450
3+460
3+470
3+480
3+490
BH-8 BH-10 BH-14 BH-20 BH-23
BH-16 BH-18
VUP VIADUCT (MINOR) MNBR INTERCHANGE LVUP MNBR

0+900 0+920 2+859 3+434 4+290 4+470
BH-25 BH-27 BH-28 BH-30 BH-32 BH-34 BH-36
6+530
6+540
6+550
6+560
5+920
5+930
5+940
5+950
5+960
5+970
5+980
5+990
6+000
6+010
6+020
6+030
6+040
6+050
6+060
6+070
6+080
6+090
6+100
6+110
6+120
6+130
6+140
6+150
6+160
6+170
6+180
6+190
5+670
5+680
5+690
5+700
5+710
5+720
5+730
5+740
5+750
5+760
BH-37
BH-26 BH-29 BH-31 BH-33 BH-35
VIADUCT (MINOR) VIADUCT (MAJOR) LVUP

5+710 6+050 6+545
24 of 39
BH-38 BH-40 BH-42 BH-44 BH-47 BH-49 BH-51 BH-53
6+610
6+620
6+630
6+640
6+650
6+660
6+670
6+680
6+690
6+700
6+710
6+720
6+730
6+740
6+750
6+760
6+770
6+780
6+790
6+800
7+020
7+030
7+040
7+050
7+060
7+070
7+080
7+340
7+350
7+360
7+370
7+380
9+020
9+030
9+040
9+050
9+060
9+070
9+080
9+090
9+100
9+110
9+120
9+130
9+140
9+150
9+160
10+100
10+110
10+120
10+130
10+140
10+150
10+160
10+170
10+180
BH-46
BH-39 BH-41 BH-43 BH-45 BH-48 BH-50 BH-52
ROB MNBR LVUP VUP MNBR

6+697 7+044 7+360 9+084 10+135
BH-55 BH-57 BH-59 BH-61 BH-63 BH-65 BH-67 BH-69
12+350
12+360
12+370
12+380
12+390
12+400
12+410
12+420
12+430
12+440
12+450
12+460
12+470
12+480
12+490
12+500
12+510
12+520
12+530
12+540
12+550
12+560
12+570
13+580
13+590
13+600
13+610
13+620
13+630
13+640
13+650
13+660
13+670
13+680
13+690
13+700
13+710
13+720
13+730
13+740
13+750
13+760
13+770
13+780
13+790
13+800
13+810
13+820
13+830
13+840
11+250
11+260
11+270
11+280
11+290
BH-54
BH-56 BH-58 BH-60 BH-62 BH-64 BH-66 BH-68
LVUP INTERCHANGE VIADUCT (MAJOR)

11+267 12+452 13+695
Client: Concessionaire: EPC Contractor / Design Consultant: Independent Engineer: Project: Approved RS Title: Date:
KCC Buildcon Pvt. Ltd. Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur BORE HOLE DETAILS AT STRUCTURE LOCATION 23-04-2021
NATIONAL HIGHWAYS AUTHORITY OF INDIA (Greenfield Alignment) from Km 0.000 to Km 43.800 Checked VV
Ministry of Road Transport and Highways Block-C, Unit No.501,601 & 701,
(Govt. of India) Nirvana Courtyard, Nirvana Country, on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojana Drg. No.:
G-5 & 6, Sector10, Dwarka, New Delhi -110075
Designed VV Scale: Sheet: Rev.
Sector-50, Gurgaon- 122018 in the state of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu AS SHOWN
REV DATE DESCRIPTION (Package-I) Prepared RK Size: A2

KCCB/C-T/PKG-I/STR/BH_001 01 OF 04 R 0
25 of 39
REV
27+800 17+290
21+430 14+510
27+810 17+300
DATE
21+440 14+520
27+820 17+310
17+307
21+450 14+530
BH-70
LVUP
BH-102
27+830 17+320
21+460 14+540
BH-115
BH-87
27+840
CHITTOOR
17+330
21+470 14+550
DESCRIPTION
27+850
21+480 18+240 14+560
BH-71
BH-103
27+860
21+490 14+570
BH-116
18+250
BH-88
27+870
21+500 18+260 14+580
27+880
21+510 18+270 14+590
BH-72
BH-104
27+890
21+520 14+600
BH-117
18+280
27+900
Client:
27+905
21+525
BH-89
21+530 18+290 14+610

27+910
21+540 18+300 14+620
BH-73
BH-105
27+920
21+550 14+630
BH-118
18+310
VIADUCT (MAJOR)
VIADUCT (MAJOR)
27+930
BH-90
14+640
(Govt. of India)
21+560 18+320
14+650
27+940
21+570 14+650
Ministry of Road Transport and Highways
G-5 & 6, Sector10, Dwarka, New Delhi -110075
18+330
BH-74
BH-106
NATIONAL HIGHWAYS AUTHORITY OF INDIA
27+950
21+580 14+660
BH-119
18+340
MAJOR BRIDGE
27+960
BH-91
21+590 18+350 14+670

27+970
21+600 14+680
Concessionaire:
18+360
BH-75
BH-107
27+980
21+610 14+690
BH-120
18+370
27+990
18+345
BH-92
21+620 18+380 14+700

28+000
21+630 18+390 14+710
BH-76
BH-108
28+010
21+640 14+720
BH-121
18+400
VIADUCT (MAJOR)
28+020
BH-93
18+410 14+730
22+710
18+420 14+740
29+050
BH-77
22+720
18+430 14+750
29+060
22+730
BH-94
22+727
18+440 14+760
29+070
LVUP
22+740
KCC Buildcon Pvt. Ltd.

27+905
EPC Contractor / Design Consultant:

LVUP
Sector-50, Gurgaon- 122018

BH-109
18+450 14+770
29+080
BH-78
22+750
Block-C, Unit No.501,601 & 701,

Nirvana Courtyard, Nirvana Country,
14+780
BH-122
29+090 18+460
26+050
BH-95
18+470 14+790
29+990
26+060
18+480 14+800
30+000
BH-79
26+070
18+490 14+810
Independent Engineer:
30+010
26+067
BH-123
LVUP
26+080
BH-96
15+880
18+500
30+020
BH-110
26+090 15+890
30+030
BH-80
15+900
19+360
30+040 27+480
15+910
BH-124
19+370
27+490
Project:
30+050
15+920
19+380
30+060 27+500 15+930
BH-97
BH-111
19+390
15+940
30+070 27+510
BH-125
19+400 15+950
30+080 27+520
BH-81
(Package-I)
15+960
19+410
30+090 27+530
15+970
19+420
30+100 27+540
15+980
BH-126
Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur

19+430
in the state of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu

30+110 27+550
15+990
27+547
BH-82
VUP
(Greenfield Alignment) from Km 0.000 to Km 43.800

on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojana
19+430
BH-98
BH-112
VUP
19+440
30+120 27+560 16+000
15+970
VUP
19+450
16+010
30+130 27+570
Checked
Prepared
Designed
BH-99
Approved
BH-127
BH-113
19+460 16+020
30+140 27+580
30+130
16+030
RS
RK
VV
VV
19+470
30+150 27+590
16+040
19+480
30+160 27+600
16+050
Size:
Title:
Scale:
BH-128
19+490
VIADUCT (MAJOR)
30+170 27+610 16+060
A2
AS SHOWN
19+500
27+620 16+070
30+180
BH-83
BH-114
19+510
BH-100
Drg. No.:
30+190 27+630
16+330
BH-129
30+200
20+400 16+340
30+210
20+410
16+350
30+220
20+420
16+360
BH-130
KCCB/C-T/PKG-I/STR/BH_001
16+361
20+417
30+230 BH-84
LVUP
MNBR
20+430
16+370
BH-101
BH-85
30+240
20+440
16+380
30+250
BORE HOLE DETAILS AT STRUCTURE LOCATION

BH-131
16+390
Sheet:
THATCHUR
30+260
02 OF 04
BH-132
Date:
16+400
R
30+270
BH-86
Rev.
0
23-04-2021
FIELD BOREHOLE LOG
Project Name :Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road from km 0.000 to km 43.800 in the state of AP. Client :KCC
BH Location/Chainage :11+267 km Northing :1458476.91 m Easting :301481.273 m

Reduced Level (m):(+)- BH. No. :BH-54 BH Depth (m):10.5
Proposed/Existing Structure :LVUP Water Table (m):1.00 Inclination : Vertical
Boring type :Rotary Dia. of Boring :150 mm Depth of Casing (m) :5.00
Date of Start :24-04-2022 Date of Completion :29-04-2022
Classification
Depth ( m )
In-SituTest
Sample &
SPT Core (Depth

Depth Sample Strata Graphic RQD Special
N Recovery v/s
IS
(m) Type Description Log (%) Observations
Value (%) SPT N Value)
0.0 0 25 50 75100 0 25 50 75100 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

100
DS
Brown, Clayey Sand SC
0.5 0.5 SPT-1 >100
0.55 RC-1 Very Dense, Yellowish SM
Brown, Silty Sand with
Gravels
1.0 1.00m
1.5
2.0 2 RC-2 4 0
2.5
3.0
Completely Weathered,
White, Very Poor,
3.5 3.5 RC-3 8 0
Moderately Weak, GRADE-V
Medium to Coarse
Grained, GRANITE
4.0
4.5
5.0 5 RC-4 6 0
5.5
6.0
6.5 6.5 RC-5 7 6
7.0 Highly Weathered,

Whitish, Very Poor,
Moderately Weak, GRADE-IV
Medium to Coarse
7.5
Grained, GRANITE
8.0 8 RC-6 18 16
8.5 Completely Weathered,

White, Very Poor,
Moderately Weak, GRADE-V
Medium to Coarse
9.0
Grained, GRANITE
9.5 9.5 RC-7 9 0
GRADE-IV
10.0
UDS*-UDS not recovered
26 of 39
FIELD BOREHOLE LOG

Classification
Depth ( m )
In-SituTest
Sample &
SPT Core (Depth

N Recovery v/s
IS
10.0 0 25 50 75100 0 25 50 75100 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

100
Highly Weathered,
Whitish, Very Poor, GRADE-IV
Moderately Weak,
10.5 10.5 Medium to Coarse 16 0
Grained, GRANITE

27 of 39
FIELD BOREHOLE LOG

Classification
Depth ( m )
In-SituTest
Sample &
SPT Core (Depth

N Recovery v/s
IS
0.0 0 25 50 75100 0 25 50 75100 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

100
DS
Very Dense, Brown,
SM
Silty Sand
0.5 0.5 SPT-1 >100
0.55 RC-1
1.0
1.5
Completely Weathered,
Whitish, Very Poor,
2.0 2 RC-2 6 0
Very Weak, Medium to GRADE-V
Coarse Grained,
GRANITE
2.5
3.0
3.5 3.5 RC-3 8 0
4.0
4.5
5.0 5 RC-4 5.00m 17 17
5.5
6.0
6.5 6.5 RC-5 Highly Weathered, 26 16

Whitish, Very Poor to
Poor, Moderately
GRADE-IV
Strong to Strong,
7.0 Medium to Coarse
Grained, GRANITE
7.5
8.0 8 RC-6 37 35
8.5
9.0
9.5 9.5 RC-7 37 26
10.0
28 of 39
FIELD BOREHOLE LOG

Classification
Depth ( m )
In-SituTest
Sample &
SPT Core (Depth

N Recovery v/s
IS
10.0 0 25 50 75100 0 25 50 75100 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

100
GRADE-IV
10.5 10.5 26 0

29 of 39
SUB SOIL PROFILE DIAGRAM - CH:-11+268 & 29+067_LVUP SC SM GRADE-V
GRADE-IV
CLIENT KCC PROJECT NAME Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road from km 0.000 to km 43.800 in the state of AP.
PROJECT NUMBER SR-538_21-22 PROJECT LOCATION AP and Tamil Nadu
0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000 16,000 18,000
BH-54 BH-122
Field Field
0 N-Value N-Value 0
>100 >100
-1 -1
-2 -2
-3 -3
-4 -4
30 of 39
-5 -5
Elevation (m)
-6 -6
-7 -7
-8 -8
-9 -9
-10 -10
-11 -11
0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000 16,000 18,000
Distance Along Baseline (m)
STRATIGRAPHY & GW - A3 SIZE SR-538 REPORT GINT.GPJ GINT STD INDIA.GDT 11-10-22
Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from km 0.000 to km 43.800 on SR-538_21-22
Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna, in the state of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu
(Package-I)
COREBOX PHOTOGRAPHS
BH-54
31 of 39
APPENDIX – B (LAB TEST RESULTS)

Appendix No. ITEMS
B-1 SOIL AND ROCK CHARACTERISTICS SHEET
B-2 RESULT OF CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF SOIL SAMPLE
32 of 39
SOIL AND ROCK CHARACTERISTICS
Termination
Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) Date of Boring Chainage/Location B.H. No. Depth of Water Table Cordinates (E,N) R.L. Ref. Code
Depth
Project from km 0.000 to km 43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala
Pariyojna, in the state of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu (Package-I) 11+267
24-04-2022 to 29-04-2022 BH-54 1.00 m 10.50 m 301481.273 m 1458476.910 m - SR-538_21-22
LVUP
3
Grain Size Distribution % wt retained Atterberg Limits % Shear Strength Consolidation Parameters
Sand Gravel
-2
-4
2)
Soil & Rock Description
(N)
(%)
2
(cm/sec)
(kg/cm2)
Silt
Value (Nc)
IS Symbol
Clay
Limit
Index
Fine
Fine
Content (%)
Permeability
Sample Type
(kg/cm
Cv x 10
(kg/cm2)
Angle of
Pressure
Mv x 10
(cm /Kg)
Plasticity
(cm2/Sec)
Corrected SPT
Coarse
Coarse
Shrinkage
Index (Cc)
Specific Gravity
IS Classification
Medium
Free Swell Index
Cohesion C
Natural Moisture
Swelling Pressure
Friction (φ°)
Type of Test
Plastic Limit
Liquid Limit
Compression
Dry Density (g/cm3)

Void Ratio (e0)
Bulk Density (g/cm )
Depth from G.L. (m)

Observed SPT Value
DS 0.00 - - Brown, Clayey Sand - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Very Dense, Yellowish Brown, Silty

SPT-1 0.50 >100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Sand with Gravels
RC-1 0.55 - - GRADE-V - C. R. = 4 % R.Q.D. = 0 % Sp.Gr. = 2.74 W.A. = 0.14 % - Porosity = 0.39 % - - - -
RC-2 2.00 - - Completely Weathered, White, Very GRADE-V - C. R. = 8 % R.Q.D. = 0 % - - - - - - - -

Poor, Moderately Weak, Medium to
Coarse Grained, GRANITE GRADE-V - C. R. = 6 % R.Q.D. = 0 % - - - - - - - -
RC-3 3.50 - -
RC-4 5.00 - - GRADE-V - C. R. = 7 % R.Q.D. = 6 % Sp.Gr. = 2.71 W.A. = 0.23 % - Porosity = 0.62 % - - - -
Highly Weathered, Whitish, Very

RC-5 6.50 - - Poor, Moderately Weak, Medium to GRADE-IV - C. R. = 18 % R.Q.D. = 16 % - - - - - - - -
Coarse Grained, GRANITE
33 of 39
Completely Weathered, White, Very
RC-6 8.00 - - Poor, Moderately Weak, Medium to GRADE-V - C. R. = 9 % R.Q.D. = 0 % - - - - - - - -

RC-7 9.50 - - Poor, Moderately Weak, Medium to GRADE-IV - C. R. = 16 % R.Q.D. = 0 % Sp.Gr. = 2.70 W.A. = 0.19 % - Porosity = 0.50 % - - - -
SOIL AND ROCK CHARACTERISTICS
Termination
Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) Date of Boring Chainage/Location B.H. No. Depth of Water Table Cordinates (E,N) R.L. Ref. Code
Depth
Project from km 0.000 to km 43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala
Pariyojna, in the state of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu (Package-I) 29+067
26-02-2022 to 28-02-2022 BH-122 5.00 m 10.50 m 316657.200 m 1467488.050 m - SR-538_21-22
LVUP
3
Grain Size Distribution % wt retained Atterberg Limits % Shear Strength Consolidation Parameters
Sand Gravel
-2
-4
2)
Soil & Rock Description
(N)
(%)
2
(cm/sec)
(kg/cm2)
Silt
Value (Nc)
IS Symbol
Clay
Limit
Index
Fine
Fine
Content (%)
Permeability
Sample Type
(kg/cm
Cv x 10
(kg/cm2)
Angle of
Pressure
Mv x 10
(cm /Kg)
Plasticity
(cm2/Sec)
Corrected SPT
Coarse
Coarse
Shrinkage
Index (Cc)
Specific Gravity
IS Classification
Medium
Free Swell Index
Cohesion C
Natural Moisture
Swelling Pressure
Friction (φ°)
Type of Test
Plastic Limit
Liquid Limit
Compression
Dry Density (g/cm3)

Void Ratio (e0)
Bulk Density (g/cm )
Depth from G.L. (m)

Observed SPT Value
DS 0.00 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Very Dense, Brown, Silty Sand
SPT-1 0.50 >100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
RC-1 0.55 - - Completely Weathered, Whitish, GRADE-V - C. R. = 6 % R.Q.D. = 0 % Sp.Gr. = 2.70 W.A. = 0.19 % - Porosity = 0.51 % - - - -
Very Poor, Very Weak, Medium to
RC-2 2.00 - - Coarse Grained, GRANITE GRADE-V - C. R. = 8 % R.Q.D. = 0 % - - - - - - - -
RC-3 3.50 - - GRADE-IV - C. R. = 17 % R.Q.D. = 17 % Sp.Gr. = 2.73 W.A. = 0.48 % - Porosity = 1.31 % - - - U.C.S. = 4726.31 (t/m²)
RC-4 5.00 - - GRADE-IV - C. R. = 26 % R.Q.D. = 16 % - - - - - - - -

Poor to Poor, Moderately Strong to
RC-5 6.50 - - GRADE-IV - C. R. = 37 % R.Q.D. = 35 % Sp.Gr. = 2.74 W.A. = 0.15 % - Porosity = 0.41 % - - - U.C.S. = 5891.45 (t/m²)
Strong, Medium to Coarse Grained,
GRANITE
34 of 39
RC-6 8.00 - - GRADE-IV - C. R. = 37 % R.Q.D. = 26 % - - - - - - - -
RC-7 9.50 - - GRADE-IV - C. R. = 26 % R.Q.D. = 0 % Sp.Gr. = 2.69 W.A. = 0.23 % - Porosity = 0.62 % - - - -
Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from km 0.000 to
Construction of Six Lane Chittoor--Thatchur SR-538_21-22
km 43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna, in the state of Andhra
Pradesh and Tamil Nadu (Package-I)
I) Appendix – B2
RESULT OF CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF SOIL SAMPLES

Sr. Chainage Depth Chlorides (Cl-) Sulphate (SO42-)
BH No. pH
No (km) (m) (mg/kg) (%) (mg/kg) (%)
1. 11+267 BH--54 0.50 8.37 29.71 0.0029 20.80 0.0020
2. 29+067 122
BH-122 0.50 7.95 32.40 0.0032 19.58 0.0019
35 of 39
APPENDIX – C
(ANALYSIS & RECOMENDATION)
Appendix No. ITEMS
SAMPLE CALCULATION FOR COMPUTATION OF ALLOWABLE
C-1
BEARING CAPACITY OF SUB-STRATA FOR RAFT FOUNDATION
36 of 39
43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna (Package-I)
Calculation of SBC for shallow foundations as per IS : 6403 - 1981

INPUT DATA 11+267
BH- 54
Type of footing
1 Continuous Strip
2 Rectangular Rectangular 2
3 Square
4 Circular
o
Angle of internal friction (φ ) 33.00
2
Cohesion (c in t/m ) 0.00
Void ratio (e), e = (G.γw/γd)-1 0.60
o
Direction of load with vertical ( ) 0.00
3
Density of foundation soil (t/m ) γbulk 1.85
Depth of water table(m) 0.00
Factor of safety 2.50
S.no. Depth (m) of footing (Df) below EGL Width (m) Length (m)
1 1.00 13.20 14.50
2 2.00 13.20 14.50
3 3.00 13.20 14.50
SHEAR FAILURE CRITERIA
Assumptions and formula used in calculation as per IS:6403-1981 are given below -
NOTE: The type of failure used for bearing capacity analysis depends upon the value of void ratio (see IS 6403 :
1981, Page No. 9, Table No. 3).
The ultimate net bearing capacity in case of general shear failure is given by (from IS 6403 : 1981, page No. 8)
qd = c Nc sc dc ic + q (Nq-1) sq dq iq + (1/2) B γ Nγ sγ dγ iγ W'
The ultimate net bearing capacity in case of local shear failure is given by (from IS 6403 : 1981, page No. 8)
q'd = (2/3) c N'c sc dc ic + q (N'q-1) sq dq iq + (1/2) B γ N'γ sγ dγ iγ W'

Where,
dc = 1+ 0.2 (Df/B)*SQRT(Nφ)
dq = dγ = 1 for φ <10o (from IS 6403 : 1981, page No. 9)
dq = dγ = 1 + 0.1 (Df/B)*SQRT(Nφ) for φ >10o
2
Nφ = tan (π/4 +φ/2)
-1
φ' is friction angle for local shear failure = tan ( 0.67 tanφ )
OUTPUT
The computer aided results for shear failure criteria are tabulated below. The results are
interpolated values of bearing capacity obtained from general and local shear failure
criteria.
CEG Test House and Research Centre Pvt. Ltd., Jaipur
37 of 39
43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna (Package-I)
Bearing capacity factors : (from IS 6403 : 1981, page No. 8, Table No. 1)
φ 33.00 φ' 23.51

Nc 38.64 N'c 18.69
Nq 26.09 N'q 9.13
Nγ 35.19 N'γ 8.82
Shape factors : (from IS 6403 : 1981, page No. 8, Table No. 2)
S.no. Width(m) Length (m) Sc Sq Sγ

1 13.20 14.50 1.18 1.18 0.64
2 13.20 14.50 1.18 1.18 0.64
3 13.20 14.50 1.18 1.18 0.64
Depth factors : (from IS 6403 : 1981, page No. 9)
S.no. Depth(m) Width(m) dc dq dγ

1 1.00 13.20 1.03 1.01 1.01
2 2.00 13.20 1.06 1.03 1.03
3 3.00 13.20 1.08 1.04 1.04
Inclination factors : (from IS 6403 : 1981, page No. 9)
ic = (1-α / 90) 2 iq = (1-α / 90) 2 iγ = (1- α / φ) 2

1.00 1.00 1.00
Water table factor : (from IS 6403 : 1981, page No. 9)
S.no. Depth(m) Width(m) Zw/B W'

1 1.00 13.20 -0.08 0.50
2 2.00 13.20 -0.15 0.50
3 3.00 13.20 -0.23 0.50
Safe Bearing Capacity
S.no. Depth(m) Width(m) Length (m) SBC in (t/m2)

General shear Local shear Recommended
1 1.00 13.20 14.50 65.76 17.23 54.22
2 2.00 13.20 14.50 77.07 20.84 63.70
3 3.00 13.20 14.50 88.66 24.54 73.41
NOTE: The type of failure used for bearing capacity analysis depends upon the value of void ratio (see IS
6403 : 1981, Page No. 9, Table No. 3).
38 of 39
Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from km 0.000 to km 43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna (Package-I) SR-538_21-22
SETTLEMENT CALCULATION AS PER 8009 Part-1 1976 BH- 54
Si
To
(m)
(m)
(m)
(m)
(m)
(m)
(m)
From
Layer
(mm)
(mm)
Length
Si (mm)
Breadth
Depth Factor
Cohesive Soil
Rigidity Factor
level (Kg/Cm2)
Corrected Total
Layer Thickness
Depth (kg/Cm2)
Average N-Value
Total Settlement
Depth below FGL

Settlement (mm)
Dispersed Length
Elastic Settlement
Height of layer(m)
Dispersed Breadth
Settlement in Non-
Stress at Foundation
I), Fig. 9, Page NO. 17)
Settlement (mm) for 10
Stress Increment at mid

t/m2 (from IS:8009 (Part
Layer 1 1.00 20.80 19.80 19.80 14.50 13.200 8.726 100 2.90 50.67 50.67
0.00 0.000 0.00
0.00 0.000 0.00
1.00 0.00 8.73 14.50 13.20 0.000 0.00 0.987 1.00 50.00
0.00 0.000 0.00
0.00 0.000 0.00
0.00 0.000 0.00
0.00 0.000 0.00
Layer 1 2.00 21.80 19.80 19.80 14.50 13.200 8.882 100 2.90 51.58 51.58
39 of 39
0.00 0.000 0.00
0.00 0.000 0.00
2.00 0.00 8.88 14.50 13.20 0.000 0.00 0.969 1.00 50.00
0.00 0.000 0.00
0.00 0.000 0.00
0.00 0.000 0.00
0.00 0.000 0.00
Layer 1 3.00 22.80 19.80 19.80 14.50 13.200 9.078 100 2.90 52.72 52.72
0.00 0.000 0.00
0.00 0.000 0.00
3.00 0.00 9.08 14.50 13.20 0.000 0.00 0.948 1.00 50.00
0.00 0.000 0.00
0.00 0.000 0.00
0.00 0.000 0.00

SR-538 - GTIR - CH-11+267 & 29+067 - LVUP - 02 BHs

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SR-538 - GTIR - CH-11+267 & 29+067 - LVUP - 02 BHs

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Geotechnical Investigation Report

Chainage/Structure:- 11+267 & 29+067_LVUP

SR. No. Report No. Revision No. Date

B-11(G), Malviya Industrial Area, Jaipur-302017

CEGTH/KCC/SR-538/2022-23/991 Date:- 11.10.2022

Subject :- Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from km

Very truly yours,

Nehal Jain Manoo Singh

SR. No. Report Ref. No. Revision No. Date

CEG Test House & Research Centre Pvt. Ltd.

CEG TEST HOUSE AND RESEARCH CENTRE PVT. LTD., JAIPUR

2.0 SITE LOCATION & GENERAL GEOLOGICAL HISTORY:

CEG Test House & Research Centre Pvt. Ltd.

Figure 1 : - Geology and mineral resources map of Chittoor Dist.

3.0 SCOPE OF WORK:

CEG Test House & Research Centre Pvt. Ltd.

CEG Test House & Research Centre Pvt. Ltd.

4.0 FIELD INVESTIGATION:

4.1 FIELD INVESTIGATION IN SOIL STRATA

CEG Test House & Research Centre Pvt. Ltd.

1. 11+267 BH-54 1.00 10.50 301481.273 1458476.910

2. 29+067 BH-122 5.00 10.50 316657.200 1467488.050

Borehole was properly cleaned before taking any sample in soil.

Standard Penetration Tests were conducted in bore holes at regular intervals or at

(i) Standard Penetration Test:

CEG Test House & Research Centre Pvt. Ltd.

(iii) Undisturbed Sampling (Soil) in boreholes:

CEG Test House & Research Centre Pvt. Ltd.

(iv) Collection of Ground Water Samples from bore holes:

4.3 FIELD INVESTIGATION IN ROCK STRATA

Terms Description Grade

CEG Test House & Research Centre Pvt. Ltd.

Relation between RQD and In-situ Rock Quality

5.0 LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS:

5.1 LABORATORY TESTS ON SOIL SAMPLES:

The following laboratory tests were conducted on selected soil samples:

Natural Moisture Content / Bulk / Dry

5.1.1 Dry density and Bulk density

CEG Test House & Research Centre Pvt. Ltd.

5.1.2 Natural water content

5.1.3 Grain Size Analysis (IS: 2720- Part-4)

CEG Test House & Research Centre Pvt. Ltd.

Diameter of the particles (D):

Percentage finer than diameter D:

Gs = specific gravity of soil particle

CEG Test House & Research Centre Pvt. Ltd.

5.1.4 Specific Gravity (IS: 2720-Part-3 Sec-1)

5.1.5 Liquid Limit (IS: 2720- Part-5)

5.1.6 Plastic Limit (IS: 2720-Part-5)

5.1.7 Plasticity Index (IS: 2720-Part-5)

5.1.8 Direct Shear Test (IS:2720-Part-13):

5.1.9 Triaxial Shear Test_UUT (IS: 2720-Part-11)

CEG Test House & Research Centre Pvt. Ltd.

5.2 LABORATORY TESTS ON ROCK CORE SAMPLES

CEG Test House & Research Centre Pvt. Ltd.

5.2.1 Preparation of Rock Specimen (IS: 9179)

5.2.3 Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) (IS: 9143)

5.2.4 Point Load Index (PLI) (IS:8764)

CEG Test House & Research Centre Pvt. Ltd.

CEG Test House & Research Centre Pvt. Ltd.

CHAPTER 2 ANALYSIS OF TEST RESULTS AND INTERPRETATION

6.1 GROUND WATER TABLE DEPTH

6.2 RESULTS OF CHEMICAL ANALYSIS