SLIDE 1

chapter 3: SCHOOL AS A VEHICLE FOR SOCIAL MOBILITY

Change is the only constant thing in this world. We know that many things are changing feelings, relationship,
environment, physical features, manners, and a lot more. But do you know of anything that really affects our lives? Is it
your family? friends? classmates? teachers? school? Are you amenable that the school is an agent of change? Do all the
inputs you gained in your lessons really change you? Did it make you a better person or not? Did it really affect you or not
so that at the end you will realize that the existence of schools really matters.
To be an agent of change globally, the school must adapt to changes of all sorts whether expected or unexpected. If there
is a felt need to revisit their mission and vision, then by all means, it must be done in order not to be left behind in this
fast-changing world.
Everyone in the academe is challenged to equip themselves with the 21" century skills if lasting and meaningful change is
to be achieved. If this is achieved, those skills will contribute to the holistic development of the learners. The learners are
the beneficiaries of any change that will be introduced and implemented. It is in this context that confronting the risks that
any school will experience must be dealt with objectively.
SLIDE 2
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE SCHOOL TO DEVELOP THE FULL POTENTIAL OF A HUMAN BEING AS POSSIBE CANNOT BE
DENIED. PEOPLE VARY IN THEIR CONCEPTS OF THE SCHOOL. ONE CAMP WOULD ASSERT THAT THE EDUCATION
PROVIDED BY THE SCHOOL ENABLES AN INDIVIDUAL TO DEVELOP HIS OR HER FULL INTELLECTUAL CAPACITY AS A
PERSON THERYBY MAXIMIZING HIS OR HER CONTRIBUTION TO THE ECONOMIC GROWTH OF THE COUNTRY
 ALAM NATIN NA ANG ESKWELAHAN ANG NAGIGING MATATAG NA PUNDASYON NG ISANG
BATA. ALL OF US WERE BROUGHT TO SCHOOL FOR US TO LEARN. AT AS WE REACH A CERTAIN
GRADE LEVEL WE ARE EDUCATED WITH ALL THE THINGS THAT WAS TAUHT INSIDE THE
CLASSROOM
 PINANINIWALAAN NA ANG NAGIGING ROLE NG ISANG PAARALAN AY MAGMOLD NG ISANG
PRODUCTIVE CITIZEN IN WHICH NATUTUNAN NG ISANG LEARNER KUNG ANO ANG
MAICOCONTRIBUTE NIYA SA BANSA
 NOT JUST FOR HER OWN BENEFIT KAYA SIYA NAGAARAL BUT ALSO KUNG ANO ANG
MAIBABALIK NIYA SA BANSA,
SLIDE 3
ONE'S CONCEPT OF SCHOOL IS BROUGHT ABOUT BY THE CHANGES AN INDIVIDUAL OR SOCIETY EXPERIENCES. WHEN
REALITY SETS IN AND PEOPLE SEE THAT DESPITE GOOD EDUCATION ONE GETS AND STILL FAILS, THE SCHOOL IS BEING
BLAMED FOR SUCH FAILURE
 DAHIL ANG PAARALAN ANG NAGIGING PANGALAWANG TAHANAN NG BATA. LAHAT NG
PAGBABAGO NA NARARANSAN AT NAKIKITA NG MAGULANG AY NAGIGING PRODUKTO NA NG
NATUTUNAN NIYA SA PAARALAN
 KAYA THERE ARE TIMES NA KAPAG NADIDISKUBRE NG MAGULANG NA ANG ANAK NIYA AY
BULLY, NAGMUMURA AT NAGNANAKAW AT PINATAWAG SA SCHOOL MOSTLY NAGIGING
DEFENSIVE ANG MGA MAGULANG. “HINDI KO PINALAKI ANG ANAK KO NG GANYAN” HINDI
GANYAN ANG ANAK KO SA BAHAY”
 ALL THE ACCUSSATIONS AT HAND ARE BLAMED TO THE TEACHERS AND THE SCHOOL AS A
WHOLE
 KAYA GANOON NA LANG KABIGAT ANG ROLE NG SCHOOL AND TEACHERS IN PROVIDING
EDUCATION TO LEARNERS
SLIDE 4
BUT CAN WE EVER BLAME THE PARENTS, WHO INVESTED THEIR MONEY AND TIME FOR THE EDUCATION OF THEIR
CHILDREN, WHO WEERE NOT FULLY SATISFIED DUE TO THEIR CHILDREN'S INABILITY TO COPE WITH LIFE'S CHALLENGES
AND PROBLEMS?
 SIYANG TUNAY, HINDI RIN NAMAN NATIN MASISI ANG MGA MAGULANG LALO NA KUNG WELL-
INVESTED SILA SA PAGPAPAARAL SA KANILANG ANAK.
  THEY ARE DEEPLY CONCERN KUNG TALAGA BANG MAY MAGANDANG NAIDUDULOT ANG
PAARALAN SA KANILANG ANAK KUNG TALAGA BANG MAY NATUTUNAN ANG MGA BATA SA
TEACHER
SLIDE 5
HENCE, EVERYBODY HAS THE RESPONSIBILITY TO EDUCATE A CHILD FOR LIFE THAT AT THE END THAT CHILD WILL BE A
TRANSFORMED INDIVIDUAL CAPABLE OF LIVING UP TO HIS OR HER DIGNITY AS A PERSON.
 THAT IS WHY THE SCHOOL ARE THE BEST FOUNDATION OF LEARNING. KAYA MAY TINATAWAG
TAYONG TRANFORMATIVE EDUCATION NA DAPAT NAGAGAWA NG ISANG PAARALAN
 HINDI LAMANG SA LOOB NG APAT NA SULOK NG CLASSROOM NAGKAKAROON NG PAG-AARAL.
IT GOES BEYOND THE 4 CORNER OF THE ROOM
 MAY DEEPER COLLABORATIVE LEARNING INSIDE MAN AT OUTSIDE NG CLASSROOM
SLIDE 6
THE APEX OF TRANSFORMATIVE EDUCATION IS CHANGED INDIVIDUAL AT THE SOCIETAL LEVEL, SIGNIFICANTLY DUE TO
INNOVATIVE, MEANINGFUL AND CREATIVE TEACHING AND LEARNING.
 NAGKAKAROON NG SENSE OF BELONGING ANG LEARNER SA LOOB AT LABAS NG
CLASSROOM DURING THE LEARNING PROCESS
 MAS NAMOMOTIVATE ANG BATA TO LEARN IF THE LEARNER WAS ABLE TO BE INVOLVED
IN A COLLABORATIVE LEARNING SETUP
 NAGIGING VISIBLE ANG TRANSFORMATION DAHIL NAGKAKARON NG BAGONG
DISCOVERY ANG BATA DURING THE LEARNING PROCESS
SLIDE 7
IF TRANSFORMATIVE EDUCATION IS TO BE ATTAINED AND SUSTAINED, A TEACHER IS NOT REMISS OF PROVIDING
OPPORTUNITIES FOR LEARNING THAT SHOULD BE CARRIES OVER OUTSIDE THE CONFINES OF THE CLASSROOM.
 KUNG ITONG TRANSFORMATIVE EDUCATION ARE WELL IMPLENTED SA CURRICULUM,
LESSON PLAN AND DURING TEACHING PROCESS NABIBIGYAN NG SAPAT OPPORTUNITIES
AND BATA NA MATUTO.
 NAGKAKAROON NG MAS EFFEECTIVE NA LEARNING MATERIALS, TEACHING TOOLS,
MAAYOS NA GROUP PROJECTS, AT EFFECTIVE LEARNING ACTIVITES
 MAS MAGKAKAROON NA EVIDENT NA ACHIEVEMENT SA MGA OBJECTIVES NG TEACHER
DAHIL SA TRANSFORMATIVE EDUCA
SLIDE 8
ESSENTALS FOR TRANSFORMATIVE EDUCATION

 TRANSFORMATIVE EDUCATION CANNOT BE SIMPLIFIED INTO THE MERE ACQUISITION OF SKILLS SINCE ITS IMPACT IS
FOR LIFE AS IT CONNECTS THE HEART AND THE MIND AND FINDS ITS MEANINGFUL AND LASTING APPLICATION IN
THE EXERCISE OF ONE'S RIGHTS NOT JUST FOR SELF-GRATIFICATION BUT IN THE SERVICE OF HUMANITY. IT COMMITS
ITSELF TO THE FOLLOWING GUIDES:
o BINIBIGYAN DIIN DITO YUNG WORD NA TRANSFORMATIVE EDUCATION, IN WHICH HINDI LANG SIYA
BASTA TEACHING STRATEGY, HINDI LAMANG SIYA FACTOR PARA SA ISANG EFFFECTIVE LEARNING FOR
STUDENTS
o THERE IS MORE WITH TRANSFORMATIVE EDUCATION, AND THESE ARE SOME OF THE ESSENTIALS FOR
TRANSFORMATIVE EDUCATION

1. MUST BE ANCHORED ON THE COUNTRY'S EDUCATIONAL GOALS

o One will never get lost if Article XIV - Education, Science and Technology, Arts, Culture and
Sports from the 1987 Constitution will be subscribed to by every administrator and teacher.
 THERE ARE A LOT OF LAWS REGARDING ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF EDUCATION
SA PILIPINAS
 BUT THERE IS ALWAYS THE MAIN IDEA FOR ALL THE LAWS REGARDING PHILIPPINE
EDUCATION IS TO ENSURE NA NAGKAKAROON NG PAGKAKAISA ANG GOVERNMENT
WITH ITS PEOPLE PARA SA HIGH QUALITY EDUCATION FOR ALL LEARNERS
2. MUST BE FUNCTIONAL
o Every learning experience provided to the students inside and outside the classroom must be
relevant and meaningful.
 LAGI NGA NATIN SINSABI NA MAYROON INVOLVEMENT ANG SCHOOL
WITH THE SOCIETY AND THE COMMUNITY SURROUNDS IT
 MAS MARAMI MABUBUKSANG LEARNING EXPERIENCES SA MGA BATA
 MAS LALO SILANG MAGIGING AWARE FOR ALL CURRENT ISSUES NG
BANSA
 MAKAKADISCOVER AND MAKAKAEXPERIENCES NG REALITIES SA BUHAY
 MAS NAGKAKAROON NG APPLICATION ANG MGA LEARNER KAPAG
MULAT SILA SA KUNG ANO ANG NANGYAYARI SA TUNAY NA BUHAY
3. MUST SETTLE FOR QUALITY
o The name of the game here is excellence. The teacher himself and aspire to go out of the box four
walls of the classroom or herself must be the epitome of setting the tone for excellence so much
that he or she exposes the students to work activities that will challenge their creativity and
resourcefulness.
 WE HEARD THE WORD EXCELLENCE. AT ALAM NATIN KUNG GAANO KABIGAT ANG
EDUCATION BILANG PROFESSION
 DAHIL ALAM NATIN NA ANG LAHAT NG TAO DUMAAAN AT PUMAPASAILALIM SA ISANG
GURO
 AND BECAUSE OF THESE THE EXCELLENCE AND PROFESSIONALISM AY DAPAT TAGLAYIN
NG ISANG GURO DAHIL SIYA ANG MAGSISILBING EFFFECTIVE FACILITATOR AND MEDIUM
OF LEARNING
 DESPITE OF ALL THE TECHNOLOGY SA MUNDO TAO PA RIN ANG SIYANG NANGINGIBAW
ANG GURO PA RIN ANG MAY HAWAK AT MAY KONTROL SA LOOB NG ISANG KLASE.
4. MUST BUILD UPON THE IDENTITY OF THE LEARNER AS A UNIQUE INDIVIDUAL
o Do you think that transformation is possible to learners denied of affirmation from his or her family
and community? Despite some limitations, the learners must be encouraged to go on against all
odds and find themselves in the ranks of the successful.
 NAGAWA NG SCHOOL , NG SOCIETY AND EVEN THE TEACHER ANG
KANILANG PART SA LEARNING PROCESS FOR ALL STUDENTS
 NGAYON KAILANGAN ANG LEARNER NA MISMO ANG MAGING BEST
REPRESENTATION NG KANYANG NATUTUNAN
 MAARING KUNG BATA SIYA NANDYAN ANG KANYANG PARENTS TO ALSO
GUIDE THE LEARNER PERO KUNG MAY MUWANG NA ANG LEARNER,
SIYAA NA MISMO NGAYON ANG KIKILOS TO FIND HER IDENTITY PARA
MAS LALO SIYANG MAGKAROON NG GROWTH FROM ALL THE
LEARNINGS NA NATUTUNAN NIYA. ITO NA YUNG NAGTATRANSFORM NA
SIYA INTO SOMEONE THAT IS CAPABLE IN REAL LIFE SETTING.

SLIDE 9
The Social Psychological Model
The pivotal role of school in socializing students for social participation in adult and in a global
society cannot be denied. How does a student learn socially via the school influence? Understanding the
model below will shed light on optimizing that social learning could be inculcated among the learners
and in the end makes their presence felt as societal and global citizens.
 THERE’S AN IMPORTANT ROLE FOR SCHOOL THAT IS NEED TO BE DONE PARA
MAGKAROON ANG STUDENTS NG SOCIAL PARTICIPATION SA SOCIETY AND SA
COMMUNITY NA KINABIBILANGAN
 THERE MUST BE A SCHOOL INFLUENCE PARA MAGKAROON NG INVOLVEMENT
ANG ISANG LEARNER SA GLOBAL SOCIETY

Social Holistic
School Participation and
Figure Integrated
1.1: The Social Psychological Model
Source: Serrano, 2019

As the model emphasizes, knowledge as the only learning outcome can no longer be the basis in
this millennial period. It extends to the development of values and attitudes and skills and competencies
as provided by the school through meaningful social participation. Said participation is not via
classroom participation alone but the entire school culture and atmosphere which bring about a holistic
and integrated change in the learner.
 WE KNOW THAT KNOWLEDGE IS ESSENTIAL IN LEARNING
 MASKI SA LP MAS PINAGTUTUUNAN MADALAS NG PANSIN ANG COGNITIVE DOMAIN
 BUT WE ARE ALWAYS REMINDED THAT WE NEED TO GIVE IMPORANTANCE WITH THE
VALUES WHICH IS AFFECTIVE AND PSYCHOMOTOR NA MAARING THRU APPLICATION OR
HAND ON ACTIVITIES
 AND BY THESE WE ARE OPENING OPPORTUNITIES NA MAGKAROON NG MEANING SOCIAL
PARTICIPATION AND LEARNER OUTSIDE THE CLASSROOM
 MGA ACTIVITIES KUNG SAAN NAKIKIPAGSALAMUHA SILA TO THE COMMUNITY WHERE
THEY BELONG THAT IS WERE HOLISTIC AN INTEGRATED CHANGE EVIDENTLY PRESENT
SLIDE 10
STUDY OF ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIORS IN SCHOOL
The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is one of the most widely cited and applied behavior theories. It is one of a closely
interrelated family of theories, which adopts a cognitive approach to explaining behavior focusing on individuals'
attitudes and beliefs.
 ITONG THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOR (TPB) IS A THEORY THAT DETERMINE THE BEHAVIOR OF THE
learners
 BAKIT MAY SPECIFIC NA BEHAVIOR ANG LEARNER MAY BE IT POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE
 IT ALSO DETERMINE THE DIFFERENCES OF BELIEFS NA MAYROON ANG LEARNERS DAHIL CLASSROOM IS
COMPOSE OF DIVERSE LEARNERS
SLIDE 11
Applying it to school as the most effective socializing institution, it enables the learners to facilitate their
adjustments individually or by group so as relative harmony will be achieved. The positive or negative
evaluation of the behavior and its expected outcomes, and subjective norms, which are the social
pressures exerted on an individual resulting from their perceptions of what others think they should do
and their inclination to comply with these are never overlooked.
 TPB HELPS LEARNERS TO BE MORE INTERRELATED WITH EACH
 KAHIT SABIHIN NATIN NA NAGKAKAROON NG PAGKAKAIBA ANG MGA
LEARNERS IT CAN BE WITH THEIR RACE, FINANCIAL STATUS, BELIEFS,
RELIGION NAGKAKAROON NG UNIFIED CLASS DAHIL ANG TEACHER ANG
NAGIGING FACILITATOR OF FAIRNESS AND AVOIDANCE OF DICRIMINATION
 NAGKAKAROON NG BEHAVIORAL CONTROL ANG TEACHER FOR STUDENTS
THAT MAY BEHAVE NEGATIVELY AND POSITIVELY

SLIDE 12
Student's Motivation
Meltzer (2002) pointed out that one of the most difficult and challenging aspects of teaching is how to
motivate your students. It should not be overlooked from the beginning of the lesson until its end. It is a
fact that students who are not motivated will not learn effectively and meaningfully. They will have
the tendency to have lapses in their retention of vital information; hence, hindering them from
active participation and worst of all may resort to disruptive and overly aggressive behavior without a
cause.
 NATUTUNAN NATIN NA SA PAGGAWA NG LP MAY MOTIVATION ACTIVITY
 WHEREIN MAY PAGSASANAY NA NAKAKAPAG RESET AND REFRESH NG ISIP
NG LEARNER
 AND ONCE NA YUNG ISIP NG LEARNER WHERE LOCK IN DURING KLASE
DAPAT KAYA NATIN YUN IRETAIN UP UNTIL THE END
 IF MOTIVATION WERE NOT PROPERLY SET EXPECT NATIN NA MAY
SARILING MUNDO ANG LEARNER
SLIDE 13
While motivating students can be a difficult task, the rewards are more than worth it. Motivated
students are more excited to learn and participate actively in the different classroom activities. So, it will
be a beautiful scenario in any classroom setting that a class is full of motivated students whose learning
is both enjoyable and collaborative made possible by the teacher who really cares. Some students are
self-motivated, with a natural love of learning.
 MGA SIMPLE REWARDS CAN HELP STUDENTS MOTIVATED
 MAG LIVELY ANG KLASE MAS OPEN FOR COLLABORATION IF THERE ARE
PROPER REWARDS DURING CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES
SLIDE 14
It is in this regard that the school's role as an agent of change will be better understood as it meets the need to motivate
the students in developing good working relationships with the internal and external communities through the teacher's
guide and efforts.
 THERE WILL BE A CONSTANT CHANGE FOR LEARNERS AND TRANSFORMATIONS IF
NAGKAROON NG MOTIVATION ANG BATA MATUTO.
 THERE WILL BE MORE LEARNING OPPORTUNITIES AND EXPERIENCES KAPAG BINUKSAN
NG TEACHER ANG INVOLVEMENT NG COMMUNITIES WITHIN THE CLASSROOM SETUP
SLIDE 15
STUDENT SUBCULTURE

MOFFIT (2015) CITED THAT SUBCULTURES ARE THOSE GROUPS OF VALUES AND NORMS THAT ARE DISTINCT FROM
THOSE HELD BY THE MAJORITY.

 ANG KULTURA AY NAKABUHOL NA SA PAMUMUHAY NG ISANG TAO. KULTURA ANG

NAGIGING PAGKAKAKILANLAN KUNG SAAN AT ANO ANG KANYANG KINABIBILANGAN
 IT COMPOSES OF BELIEFS, VALUES AND SOCIETY’S UPBRINGING
 NANDYAN NA RIN YUNG WIKA AT DIALEKTO, GENDER ROLES, AND ARTISTIC
CONTRIBUTIONS NILA TO SOCIETY
SLIDE 16
STUDENT SUBCULTURE
Mangilinan (2015) cited that there is a need to reshape the curriculum so that it can be culturally responsive to the
background of students.
 THERE IS NO ROOM FOR DISCRIMINATION. WE ARE GIVEN A CLASSROOM THAT COMPOSE
OF DIVERSE LEARNERS
 NAPAG ARALAN NATIN YUNG DIVERSITY WHEEL WHEREIN MARAMING PRIMARY AND
SECONDARY FACTORY WHY THE DIFFER WITH EACH OTHER
  ANG CURRICULUM MISMO ANG SIYANG MAGIIMPLEMENT NG NORMS AND VALUES THAT
WILL RESPECT CULTURE DIFFERENCES OF THE LEARNERS
 MAS MAGIGING OPEN ANG ISA’T-ISA AT AT THE SAME TIME MATUTUNAN NILA ANG IBAT
IBANG KULTURA ACCORDINGLY AND WITH RESPECT
SLIDE 17
DEVELOPMENT OF NORMATIVE SYSTEMS WITHIN SCHOOL

Hess (2014) cited that every school has a culture that distinguishes it from others. As universally recognized, culture is
that informal code of behavior that dictates "how things really happen" around here versus "what should happen." It is
this informal or normative culture that ultimately defines how effective administrators and faculty will be in addressing
bullying and other student-related issues.

 THERE ARE A LOT OF BULLYING AND OTHER STUDENT-RELATED ISSUES SA ISANG PAARALAN. AND BECAUSE
THERE IS A STANDARD NORM AND STANDARD BEHAVIOR MAY MGA PAGKAKAON NA NAPAPASAWALANG
BAHALA ANG MGA ITO DAHIL NAKASANAYAN NA, OR LIKAS NA NA PAG-UUGALI NG MGA BATA
 SCHOOLS MUST ALWAYS ADRESS bullying and other student-related issues DAHIL KAHIT NAGBABAGO ANG
PANAHON THERE WILL ISSUES THAT ARE ALWAYS STAYS AND PROLONG LALO NA KUNG HINDI NAAGAPAN
AGAD

SLIDE 18
AS A TEACHER, SOME ISSUES ARE SYSTEMATIC IN NATURE AND BEYOND ONE'S SPAN OF CONTROL NO MATTER HOW
EFFICIENT AND COMPETENT A TEACHER IS.
 HINDI PORKET SINABING SUBJECT TEACHER THERE WILL BE AVOIDANCE AND IGNORANCE SA MGA
PINAPAKITANG MISBEHAVOIR AND NEGATIVE ATTITUDE NG LEARNER
 AS A FACILITATOR HINDI LANG NAKAFOCUS ANG TEACHER SA SUBJECT BUT ALSO THE BEHAVIOR OF THE
LEARNER DURING AND AFTER THE CLASS
 THE TEACHER WILL BE THE ONE TO HAVE THE CONTROL FOR MISCONDUCT THAT WILL AFFECT A CHANGE
THAT IS A POSITIVE , MEANINGFUL AND SUSTAINBLE BOTH IN THE AREAS OF ACADEMIC AND BEHAVIORAL
PEFORMANCE