Maricel B.

Raguindin BAPS 3A

Activity No. 5A. Methods of Collecting Data

Fill out the table by citing five research title; give instances where you may use primary
and secondary as sources of information; and indicate at least one method of data
collection that may be applied and describe how the method is to be carried out.

Research Title Possible Possible Method of Description

Primary Secondary Data
Source Source Collection
1) Factors Influencing Prepared questions that are
Consumer Behavior in intended to the problem of the
Online Shopping Indirect or study which is the factors
interview articles Questionnaire influencing consumer behavior in
transcripts online shopping. The
questionnaires may be mailed or
hand-carried.
2) Parenting Styles and It can employ questionnaires that
Its Influence to the can be sent or carried by hand in
Values Formation of internet literature Indirect or order to obtain responses to the
CAS Students in UNP reviews Questionnaire study with regards to how various
parenting styles may influence the
values being formed by the CAS
students of UNP
3) Level of Person to person exchange of
Implementation of Direct/ ideas or answers between
Curfew in Vigan City, questionnaires libraries and Interview interviewer and the interviewee on
Ilocos Sur archives Method the study concerning to the level of
implementation of curfew in each
respondents of every barangays
4) The Impact of Social Its goal is to obtain responses to
Media on Mental interviews internet Indirect or the study regarding the impact of
Health Among Questionnaire social media on the mental health
Teenagers of Pantay of teenagers
Fatima
5) Effects of Climate It is the individualized discussion or
Change on Crop internet libraries and Direct/ responses between the interviewee
Production in Selected archives Interview and the interviewer addressing the
Barangays of Vigan Method effects of climate change on crop
City, Ilocos Sur production

Activity No. 5B. Graphical Presentations

A. The following table shows the civil status of females in certain locality. Present
the data using two appropriate graphical presentations.
Civil Status No. of Females
Single 63
Married 188
Widowed 32
Separated/Annulled 7
Total 290
PIE GRAPH

Civil Status

11% 2% 22% Single

Married
Widowed
Separated/Annulex

65%

Figure 1. Distribution of Females according to their Civil Status

BAR GRAPH

Civil Status
Separated/ 43
Annulled

Widowed 62

Married 89

Single 258

0 50 100 150 200 250 300

Civil Status

Figure 2. Distribution of Females according to their Civil Status

B. Construct a rectangle graph and a pictograph showing the distribution of
acceptors by birth control method.
Birth Control Method No. of Acceptors
Pills 258
Condom 89
IUD 62
Rhythm 43
Injectables 17
Foam Tablets 25

RECTANGLE GRAPH

CONDOM 89 IUD RHYTHM FOAM TABLETS

INJECTABLES
PILLS (18%) 62 (13%) 43 (9%) 17 (3%)25 (5%)
258 (52%)

Figure 3. Distribution of Acceptors by Birth Control Method

PICTOGRAPH
BIRTH CONTROL NUMBER OF ACCEPTORS
METHOD
Pills

258
Condom
89
IUD
62
Rhythm
43
Injectables
17
Foam Tablets
25

Legend: Each represents 10 acceptors

Figure 4. Distribution of Acceptors by Birth Control Method
C. Research on the enrolment data in the BA Political Science program in the
College of Arts and Sciences, University of Northern Philippines for the period SY
2017-2018, SY 2018-2019 and SY 2019-2020. Present in tabular and graphical
form.

Activity No. 5C. Narrative/Textual Presentation

Present in textual/narrative form Activity No. 5B

TEXTUAL PRESENTATION
The table shows the civil status of females in certain localities. Among the
four civil statuses, it has been shown that 188 females were already married.
Single has a total of 63 females; 32 of them are widowed, and 7 of them have
been separated or annulled.

On the distribution of acceptors by birth control method, pills is the most

widely used birth control option among the population at large with a total of 258.
Condoms have the second highest number of acceptors, which is 89; IUDs have
has been selected by 62 people in total; 43 have also selected the Rhythm; Foam
Tablets have 25; and among the six birth control methods, injectables have the
least number of acceptors, with a total of 17.
Maricel B. Raguindin BAPS 3A

Activity No. 4A - Important Aspects of Survey Research

4.1) Compile five researches (published or unpublished) and their respective
methodologies.

1. “Level of Implementation of Curfew in Bantay, Ilocos Sur”

(published)
Methodology
Research Design
This study employed the descriptive-correlational method of research. The
descriptive method was used to gather data that describe events and then
organizes, tabulates, depicts, and describes the data collection. The descriptive
correlational analysis will be used to assess the level of implementation of curfew.
Correlational analysis is a statistical method used to evaluate the strength of
relationship between two quantitative variables. Correlational Analysis is a
statistical method used to evaluate the strength and the relationship between two
quantitative variables. Correlational analysis will be used to determine the
differences between the level of implementation of curfew between the residents
and implementers.
Locale of the study
They study will be conducted at Bantay, Ilocos Sur and specifically at the
given Barangay of Zone 1, Zone 2, Zone 3, Zone 4, and Zone 5 in Bantay Ilocos
Sur.
Population of the Study
In this study, the target population comprised the residents of Poblacion
areas and the implementers of Bantay, Ilocos Sur as the respondents of the study.
The total of the respondents are 280. To get the exact sample (n) the researchers
use qouta sampling. qouta sampling is a sampling technique that researchers
choose these individuals according to specific traits or qualities, therefore, the
researchers use qouta sampling technique in choosing the target population of the
study. The distribution of respondents is presented in Table 1.
Table 1
Distribution of the Respondents
Respondents Sample (n)
Residents 175
Police 35
Barangay Officials 35
Barangay Tanod 35
Total 280
Data Gathering Instrument
The principal device that will be used by the researchers is a validated
questionnaire design to gather information and collect data about the level of
implementation of the respondent to curfew. Most part of the questionnaire where
made and adopted by the researchers, however, some modifications were made
to seek the purpose of the present study. The questionnaire was reviewed and
validated by Mr. Richmond Romar Rivera MAT Eng, Teacher II at Ilocos Sur
national High School, Mr. Virgilio Corrales Cabunoc II, Police Executive Master
Sergeant at Municipality of Bantay, Ilocos Sur and Mrs. Sharon Raquepo Teacher
II at Ilocos Sur National High School. The validators gave their scores with a total
average of 4.9.
The questionnaire is consisting of two parts. Part I is the socio-demographic
profile of the respondents. Part II is composed of questions regarding on the level
of implementation of curfew in Bantay, Ilocos Sur in terms of imposition of curfew
hours, exceptions, role of barangay, guidelines in apprehensions, penalties, and
role of PNP.
The norms interpretation of the level of implementation of the respondents
of Zone 1, Zone 2, Zone 3, Zone 4, Zone 5 and Bantay Ilocos Sur are shown
below:
Range of Scores Item Descriptive Rating Overall Descriptive Ratings
4.21-5.00 Very Highly Implemented (VHI) Very high
3.41-4.20 Highly Implemented (HI) High
2.61-3.40 Moderately Implemented (MI) Moderate
1.81-2.60 Fairly Implemented (FI) Low
1.00-2.80 Poorly Implemented (PI) Very Low
Data Gathering Procedure
In realizing the objectives of the study, the researchers request permission
from the principal of Ilocos Sur National High School to conduct the study. When
permission is granted the researchers made and prepare a validated questionnaire
and ask permission to the Barangay Captain of the given Barangays of Bantay,
Ilocos Sur. When permission was granted the researchers personally float and
distributed the validated questionnaires to know and determine the level of
implementation of curfew in Bantay, Ilocos Sur.
After floating the questionnaires the researchers retrieve the questionnaire
and the collected data. Researchers tallied, analyze and interpreted the collected
data to know the findings of the conducted study and the researchers will discuss
about the findings of the study.
Statistical Treatment of Data. In the study, the following data was used to treat
the data gathered:
1. Frequency, count and percentage distribution was used to determine
the socio-demographic of the respondents.
2. Mean was employed to determine the level of implementation of curfew.
3. Simple Linear Correlation analysis was utilized to find out if there is a
significant differences between the level of implementation of curfew
between the residents and the implementers.
Ethical Considerations of the Study
The following are ethical considerations that could be considered while
conducting this study.
Risks and Inconveniences
Approval to conduct this study is obtained from Principal of Ilocos Sur
National High School which ensured that the research study satisfactorily complied
with the key ethical principles.
Prior to the handing in the questionnaires to the respondents, the researcher
discussed with them the purpose of the study and explains confidentiality and
anonymity. Once they agree to participate, the questionnaire will be given. The
questionnaire includes the profile of the respondents and their name which will be
optional. Lastly, the raw data gathered and the answered questionnaires will be
kept in sealed box and be placed in a safe place and will be burnt a month after
the writing of the research manuscript.
Direct Benefit
Results of this research was significant to the respondent themselves for
they are able to know the level of implementation of curfew
Compensation
Since the participation in the study is completely voluntary, the respondents
would not be receiving any compensation of any kind but will gain insights about
the level of implementation of curfew between the residents and the implementers.
Provision for Injury or Related Illness
Not applicable.
Voluntariness/Withdrawal of Participation
Participation in this research is highly voluntary. Thus, the respondents have
the right to withdraw participation at any point without penalty or risks of any kind.
In case of withdrawal of participation, the researchers will seek consent of other
willing respondents to be included in the sample. The respondents are expected to
answer the questionnaires honestly and faithfully. They are also anticipated to
participate in the discussion of the results to validate the foregoing study and to
provide explanations.
Confidentiality
The respondents in the study are assured of the confidentiality and
anonymity of the responses. To protect the identity of the participants their names
will not be included on the research. In addition, the respondents will give consent
for dissemination of result of a study to know they are aware of the level of
implementation of curfew.

2. “Level of Awareness of the Senior Citizens of Poblacion, Bantay, Ilocos

Sur on the Expanded Senior Citizens Act of 2010 (RA 9994)”
(published)
Methodology
Research Design
The descriptive-correlational method was used in this study. Specifically it
was used to determine the level of awareness of the Senior Citizens on the
Expanded Senior Citizens Act of 2010 (RA 9994). The correlation method was
employed to look into the relationship between the respondents’ level of
awareness and their personal profile.

Population and Sample

The respondents of the study were the registered senior citizen of the
following barangays of Bantay, Ilocos Sur - Barangay I, Barangay II, Barangay III,
Barangay IV, Barangay V, and Barangay VI. From the 34 total number of
barangays of the municipality, the researcher only took 6 barangays of the
poblacion as the subject for the study. There were 258 senior citizens of the 6
barangays, however, the researcher got the 30% sample of the total population of
senior citizens of Poblacion Bantay, Ilocos sur. The data is shown in the Table
below:
 Table 1
Distribution of the Respondents
Barangays Population (N) Sample (n)
Barangay I 39 13
Barangay II 28 12
Barangay III 76 13
Barangay IV 49 13
Barangay V 38 13
Barangay VI 28 13
TOTAL 258 77
Data Gathering Instrument
This study utilized checklist-questionnaire and interview for some
respondents. The checklist-questionnaire is composed of two parts: Part I,
gathered data on the personal profile of the respondents and Part II, the level of
awareness of senior citizens on the Expanded Senior Citizens Act of 2010 (RA
9994). the data gathering instrument was based on the provisions of the section 4
Privileges for the Senior Citizens of RA 9994. The checklist-questionnaire was
translated to Iloko by Mr. Benjamin P. Pacris and were pre-tested to 5 senior
citizens of the same barangays.
A five-point scale was used to describe the level of awareness of the
respondents as follows:
Scale Range of Scores Descriptive Rating
5 4.21-5.00 Fully Aware
4 3.41-4.20 Much Aware
3 2.61-3.40 Moderately Aware
2 1.81-2.60 Slightly Aware
1 1.00-1.80 Not Aware

Data Gathering Procedure

In the conduct of the study, the researcher asked permission from the
Mayor of Bantay, Ilocos Sur. When the request was granted, the researcher made
the necessary coordination with the Punong Barangays concerned to identify the
registered senior citizens for their assistance, and cooperation in the distribution
and retrieval of the accomplished questionnaires.

Statistical Treatment of Data. In the study, the following data was used to treat
the data gathered:
1. Frequency, count and percentage distribution were used to describe
the respondents’ personal profile.
4. Mean was employed to determine the level of awareness on Expanded
Senior Citizens Act of 2010 (RA 9994).
5. Simple Linear Correlation Analysis and chi-square was employed to
determine whether the level of awareness of Expanded Senior Citizens
Act is in a way related to personal profile.
 3. Instructional Competencies of Humanities and Social Sciences Teachers
in the New Normal (published)
Methodology
Research Design
To realized the purpose of the study, the descriptive correlational method
we used to utilized. The descriptive correlational method of research was utilized
in order to determine the level of instructional competencies of Humanities and
Social Sciences teachers in the new normal, with the main objective of
generating hypothesis regarding the personal related factors and the level of
instructional competences. Correlational analysis is a method which measures
two variables and understand the statistical relationship between them.
Correlational analysis was used to determine the relationship between the
personal related factors and the level of instructional competencies, in order to
identify the accurate response of the respondents to the challenges in the new
normal system. Descriptive research describes a population, situation or
phenomenon that is being studied. The research data was based on the answers
of the respondents through the questionnaires and google form.
Population and Sample of Study
The respondents of the study will be the Grade11 and 12 teachers of
Humanities and Social Sciences of Ilocos Sur National High School in School year
2020-2021.
Table 1 presents the distribution of respondents by year level of HUMSS
strand. The stratified random sampling is used to get the sample size (n) of the
respondents from the population size (N). The sample population of the
respondents was obtain using the Slovin Formula: n=N/(1+Ne2).
Table I
Distribution of Respondents
Teachers of HUMSS Strand (N) (n)
Grade 11 10 5
Grade 12 10 5
TOTAL 20 10
Data Gathering Instrument
The main device by the researchers to collect the data is validated survey
questionnaire. Most parts of the questionnaire were adapted, however, some
modifications were made to seek the purpose of the present study. It was reviewed
and validated by experts in the field of the study.
The questionnaire is composed of four (2) parts. Part I is the respondents
background information and in Part II is the level of instructional competencies of
HUMSS teachers.
The norms for interpretation to the organizational purposes of respondents
and performances are shown below:
The level of instructional competencies of the respondents was interpreted
with the following norms:
Item Interpretation Item Descriptive Rating Overall Descriptive Rating
4.21 – 5.00 5 = Strongly Agree (SA) Very High (VH)
3.41 – 4.20 4 = Agree (A) High (H)
2.61 – 3.40 3 = Undecided (U) Moderate (M)
1.81 – 2.60 2 = Disagree (D) Low (L)
1.00 – 1.80 1 = Strongly Disagree (SD) Very Low (VL
Data Gathering Procedure
In realizing the objectives of the study, the researchers followed a definite
procedure which was conducted from January to February 2021. Specifically, the
researchers earnestly sought the consent of the Principal of Ilocos Sur National
High School. As soon as the requests were granted, the researcher took the
necessary coordination with the Focal Person for Academics of the Senior High
School for the immediate administration and retrieval of the questionnaires.
The researchers met the target participants and explain to them the
objectives, nature, and requested extent of their participation in the research;
identified those who are willing to participate in the research. The researchers
distributed the questionnaires to the respondents to determine the level of
teachers instructional competencies, to analyzed and to interpret the data
gathered from the survey questionnaire/interview/observation. After which, the
researchers discussed the findings of the study with the informants without
including their names in the discussion to protect their identity. The researcher
personally retrieved and checked the papers for the tabulation employing the
statistical tools needed in the study.
Statistical Treatment of Data
To attain set objectives in this study, the following statistical tools were used
in the data that was gathered.
1. Frequency, Count and Percentages was used to describe the
respondents in terms of their personal related factors; age, sex, position, health
status, exposure to media and educational attainment.
2. Mean was used to look and determine the level of the instructional
competencies of Humanities and Social Sciences teachers in the new normal
system.
3. Simple linear correlation analysis was used to determine the
significant relationship between the personal related factors and the level of
instructional competencies of Humanities and Social Sciences teachers in Ilocos
Sur National High School.
Ethical Considerations of the Study
The following are ethical considerations that could be considered while
conducting this study.
Risks and Inconveniences
Approval to conduct this study is obtained from Principal of Ilocos Sur
National High School which ensured that the research study satisfactorily complied
with the key ethical principles.
Prior to the handing in the questionnaires to the respondents, the researcher
discussed with them the purpose of the study and explains confidentiality and
anonymity. Once they will agree to participate, the questionnaire will be given. The
questionnaire includes the profile of the respondents and their name which will be
optional. Lastly, the raw data gathered and the answered questionnaires will be
kept in sealed box and be placed in a safe place and will be burnt a month after
the writing of the research manuscript.
Direct Benefit
Results of this research was significant to the respondent themselves for
they are able to know the level of instructional competencies of Humanities and
Social Sciences teachers in the new normal system.
Compensation
Since the participation in the study is completely voluntary, the respondents
would not be receiving any compensation of any kind but will gain insights about
the significant relationship between the personal related factors and the level of
instructional competencies of Humanities and Social Sciences teachers in Ilocos
Sur National High School.
Provision for Injury or Related Illness
Not applicable.
Voluntariness/Withdrawal of Participation
Participation in this research is highly voluntary. Thus, the respondents have
the right to withdraw participation at any point without penalty or risks of any kind.
In case of withdrawal of participation, the researchers will seek consent of other
willing respondents to be included in the sample. The respondents are expected to
answer the questionnaires honestly and faithfully. They are also anticipated to
participate in the discussion of the results to validate the foregoing study and to
provide explanations.
Confidentiality
The respondents in the study are assured of the confidentiality and
anonymity of the responses. To protect the identity of the participants their names
will not be included on the research. In addition, the respondents will give consent
for dissemination of result of a study to know the level of teachers instructional
competencies.
4. “Parenting Style: Its Influence to the Values Formation of Grade 12
HUMSS Students of ISNHS” (published)
Methodology
Research Design
This study employed the descriptive-correlational method of research. The
descriptive method was used to gather data that describe events and then
organizes, tabulates, depicts, and describes the data collection. This descriptive
method would determine the different parenting styles used by the parents and
how they influence the values formation of Grade 12 HUMSS students.
Correlational analysis is a statistical method used to evaluate the strength of
relationship between two quantitative variables. It endeavors describing the
significant relationship between parenting style and the values formation and the
significant relationship between the profile of the parents and their parenting style
are also included.
Locale of the Study
The study is conducted at the identified barangays where the parents of
Grade 12 HUMSS Senior High School students of ISNHS are permanently
residing.

Population and Sample of the Study

The respondents of the study are the parents of 12 HUMSS Senior High
School students in Ilocos Sur National High School. The thirty percent of the total
population were used to the sample size (n) of the respondents from the
population size (N).
 Table I
Distribution of Respondents
Section in Grade 12 HUMSS (N) (n)
Bruner 56 17
Freud 52 16
Lao Tzu 53 16
Locke 56 17
Piaget 61 18
Rousseau 53 16
Thorndike 54 16
TOTAL 385 116
The researchers used the simple random sampling method to identify the
respondents of the study. Each member of the population has an equal chance of
being selected to be respondents in sample size. Therefore, it generates an equal
answer with smaller sample size.

Data Gathering Instrument

The study used a survey questionnaire which comprises two parts that is
translated to English and Ilocano; the first part includes the profile of parents as
respondents and the part includes the different parenting styles used by parents in
connection to the values being formed by the Grade 12 HUMSS students. The
questionnaires are validated by the following: Doriden de Classica Fabre,
Bernadette Raposas, and Sharon Raquepo. The validators verified their
assessments through the given criteria and gave their ratings in the
correspondence columns attached in the questionnaire. The scores were
foregathered obtaining an average mean of 4.44.
Norm:
Item Interpretation Item DR Overall Descriptive Rating
4.21 – 5.00 5 = Very Highly Acceptable (VHA) Very High
3.41 – 4.20 4 = Highly Acceptable (HA) High
2.61 – 3.40 3 = Moderately Acceptable (MA) Moderate
1.81 – 2.60 2 = Slightly Acceptable (SA) Low
1.00 – 1.80 1 = Not Acceptable (NA) Very Low
The different parenting styles used by parents in connection to the values
being formed by the Grade 12 HUMSS students was interpreted with the following
norms:
Item Interpretation Item DR Overall Descriptive Rating
4.21 – 5.00 5 = Strongly Agree (SA) Very High (VH)
3.41 – 4.20 4 = Agree (A) High (H)
2.61 – 3.40 3 = Undecided (U) Moderate (M)
1.81 – 2.60 2 = Disagree (D) Low (L)
1.00 – 1.80 1 = Strongly Disagree (SD) Very Low (VL)
Data Gathering Procedure
To gather the necessary data for this study, specifically, the researchers
secured permission from the Principal of Ilocos Sur National High School to
conduct the study. The researchers distributed questionnaires to the respondents
to determine the relationship of parenting style used by parents and how they
influence the values formation of Grade 12 HUMSS students of ISNHS. When
permission was granted, the researchers administered the questionnaires to the
randomly selected parents of the Grade 12 HUMSS students. Finally, when the
respondents were already done answering; the researchers retrieved and
gathered all the answered survey questionnaires for the tallying of data.
Statistical Treatment of Data
Data sets is tabulated ready for further processing. These will further
analyzed quantitatively using the following:
1. Frequency count and percentages was used to describe the respondents
in terms of their personal related factors; age, sex, occupation, place of
residence, educational attainment, religion, and number of family members.
2. Mean was used to look and determine how parenting style affect the values
formation of Grade 12 HUMSS students of ISNHS.
3. Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Co-efficient was used to
determine the significant relationship between the profile of the parents and their
parenting style and the relationship between the parenting styles and values
formation.
Ethical Considerations of the Study
The following are ethical considerations that could be considered while
conducting this study.
Risks and Inconveniences
Approval to conduct this study is obtained from Principal of Ilocos Sur
National High School which ensured that the research study satisfactorily complied
with the key ethical principles.
Prior to the handing in the questionnaires to the respondents, the researcher
discussed with them the purpose of the study and explains confidentiality and
anonymity. Once they will agree to participate, the questionnaire will be given. The
questionnaire includes the profile of the respondents and their name which will be
optional. Lastly, the raw data gathered and the answered questionnaires will be
kept in sealed box and be placed in a safe place and will be burnt a month after
the writing of the research manuscript.
Direct Benefit
Results of this research was significant to the respondent themselves for
they are able to know their means of performing their own way of parenting styles
and how they affect the values outcomes of their children.
Compensation
Since the participation in the study is completely voluntary, the respondents
would not be receiving any compensation of any kind but will gain insights about
their parenting styles and its influence to the values formation of their child. This
prompted the Grade 12 HUMSS parents to be knowledgeable about the profile-
related factors and their parenting styles.
Provision for Injury or Related Illness
Not applicable.
Voluntariness/Withdrawal of Participation
Participation in this research is highly voluntary. Thus, the respondents have
the right to withdraw participation at any point without penalty or risks of any kind.
In case of withdrawal of participation, the researchers will seek consent of other
willing respondents to be included in the sample. The respondents are expected to
answer the questionnaires honestly and faithfully. They are also anticipated to
participate in the discussion of the results to validate the foregoing study and to
provide explanations.
Confidentiality
The respondents in the study are assured of the confidentiality and
anonymity of the responses. To protect the identity of the participants their names
will not be included on the research. In addition, the respondents will give consent
for dissemination of result of a study to know they are aware of their own parenting
styles and how they affect the values formation of their children.

5. “Challenges Faced by Grade 12 HUMSS Students on the New Learning

Delivery Modalities” (published)
Methodology
Research Design
To realized the purpose of the study, the descriptive correlational method
was used to utilized. The descriptive correlational method of research was
utilized in order to determine the Challenges of 196 out of 385 from the total
population (N) of Grade-12 HUMSS (Humanities and Social Sciences) Students
on the New Learning Delivery Modalities was used in the study, with the main
objective of generating hypothesis regarding the personal related factors and the
challenges encountered of the students. Correlational analysis is a method which
measures two variables and understand the statistical relationship between them.
Correlational analysis was used to determine the relationship between the
personal related factors and the challenges encountered of the students, in order
to identify the accurate response of the respondents to the challenges in the new
learning delivery modalities.
Source of Data
The source of data was obtained through the answers of 196 out of 385
students of Grade- 12 HUMSS students on the questionnaire distributed to a
defined population.
Locale of the Study
This study was conducted to the Grade-12 HUMSS Students in Ilocos Sur
National High School, Vigan City.
Population and Sample of Study
The respondents of the study was the Grade 12 Humanities and Social
Sciences of Ilocos Sur National High School in School year 2020-2021. Table 1
presents the distribution of respondents by section in HUMSS strand. The stratified
random sampling is used to get the sample size (n) of the respondents from the
population size (N). The sample population of the respondents was obtain using
the Slovin Formula: n=N/(1+Ne2)
Table I
Distribution of Respondents
Section in Grade 12 HUMSS (N) (n)
Piaget 61 31
Rousseau 56 29
Lao Tzu 53 27
Thorndike 53 27
Locke 56 29
Freud 52 26
Bruner 54 27
TOTAL 385 196
 The researchers used stratified random sampling method to identify the
respondents of the study. Each member of the population has an equal chance of
being selected to be respondents in sample size. Therefore, it generates an equal
answer with smaller sample size.
Data Gathering Instrument
The main device by the researchers to gather information and collect the
data about the challenges faced by the students in the new learning modalities is
validated questionnaire design. The parts of the questionnaire were personally
made by the researchers to seek purpose of the present study. The questionnaires
was reviewed and validated by Mr. Jerry R. Rigunay, MAEd, Teacher II, Mr. Henry
B. Buemio, Ed.D., Teacher I and Mr. Kurt Kenneth C. Aspacio, Teacher II, from the
teachers of Ilocos Sur National High School and compile the score with the total
mean of 4.11.
The questionnaire is composed of three (3) parts. Part I is the respondents
background information. Part II is the challenges faced of the students in the new
learning delivery modalities. In Part III is the challenges faced by the students and
how they overcome it. This were directly answer by the respondents to know their
own experiences except the challenges that the researchers stated.
The norms for interpretation to the organizational purposes of respondents
and performances are shown below:
The challenges encountered in the new learning delivery modalities of the
respondents were interpreted with the following norms:
Item Interpretation Item Descriptive Rating Overall Descriptive Rating
4.21 – 5.00 5 = Strongly Agree (SA) Very High (VH)
3.41 – 4.20 4 = Agree (A) High (H)
2.61 – 3.40 3 = Undecided (U) Moderate (M)
1.81 – 2.60 2 = Disagree (D) Low (L)
1.00 – 1.80 1 = Strongly Disagree (SD) Very Low (VL)
Data Gathering Procedure
In realizing the objectives of the study, the researchers was followed a
definite procedure which was conducted from January to February 2021.
Specifically, the researchers earnestly sought the consent of the Principal of Ilocos
Sur National High School. As soon as the requests were granted, the researcher
took the necessary coordination with the Focal Person for Academics of the Senior
High School for the immediate floating and retrieval of the questionnaires.
The researchers was met the target participants and explained to them the
objectives, nature (the names of the informants will not be divulged to protect their
identity), and requested extent of their participation in the research; identified those
who are willing to participate in the research. The researchers distributed the
questionnaires to the respondents to determined the challenges faced in the new
learning delivery modalities, analyzed and interpreted the data gathered from the
google form. The researcher were personally retrieved and checked the papers for
the tabulation employing the statistical tools needed in the study.
Statistical Treatment of Data
To attain set objectives in this study, the following statistical tools were used
in the data that was gathered.
1. Frequency count and percentages was used to describe the respondents in
terms of their personal related factors; age, sex, section, parent's occupation
and parent's educational attainment.
2. Mean was used to look and determine the level of the challenges encountered
in the new learning delivery modalities of Grade 12 HUMSS students.
3. Simple linear correlation analysis was used to determine the significant
relationship between the personal related factors and the challenges
encountered in the new learning delivery modalities of the Grade 12
Humanities and Social Sciences students in Ilocos Sur National High School.
Ethical Considerations of the Study
The following are ethical considerations that could be considered while
conducting this study.
Risks and Inconveniences
Approval to conduct this study is obtained from Principal of Ilocos Sur
National High School which ensured that the research study satisfactorily complied
with the key ethical principles.
Prior to the handing in the questionnaires to the respondents, the researcher
discussed with them the purpose of the study and explains confidentiality and
anonymity. Once they will agree to participate, the questionnaire will be given. The
questionnaire includes the profile of the respondents and their name which will be
optional. Lastly, the raw data gathered and the answered questionnaires will be
kept in sealed box and be placed in a safe place and will be burnt a month after
the writing of the research manuscript.
Direct Benefit
Results of this research was significant to the respondent themselves for
they are able to know the level of challenges encountered in the new learning
delivery modalities of Grade 12 HUMSS students.
Compensation
Since the participation in the study is completely voluntary, the respondents
would not be receiving any compensation of any kind but will gain insights about
the significant relationship between the personal related factors and the the
challenges encountered in the new learning delivery modalities of the Grade 12
Humanities and Social Sciences students in Ilocos Sur National High School.
Provision for Injury or Related Illness
Not applicable.
Voluntariness/Withdrawal of Participation
Participation in this research is highly voluntary. Thus, the respondents have
the right to withdraw participation at any point without penalty or risks of any kind.
In case of withdrawal of participation, the researchers will seek consent of other
willing respondents to be included in the sample. The respondents are expected to
answer the questionnaires honestly and faithfully. They are also anticipated to
participate in the discussion of the results to validate the foregoing study and to
provide explanations.
Confidentiality
The respondents in the study are assured of the confidentiality and
anonymity of the responses. To protect the identity of the participants their names
will not be included on the research. In addition, the respondents will give consent
for dissemination of result of a study to know the challenges encountered in the
new learning delivery modalities of Grade 12 HUMSS students.

4.2) Think of a research title that you wish to conduct and construct your GANTT
chart.
 “Implementation of the Anti-Noise Disturbance Ordnance No. 019-18 in Vigan
City, Ilocos Sur”
GANTT Chart
Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. March April May June
Activities 2023 2023 2023 2024 2024 2024 2024 2024 2024
A. Finalization of the Research
Proposal
B. Research Proposal Defense
C. Finalization of Research
Proposal
D. Research Ethics Review
E. Data Gathering/Collection
F. Presentation, Analysis and
Interpretation of Data
G. Finalizing the Manuscript
H. Final Defense

Activity No. 4B - Interview

4.1) Think of a research title and construct an interview guide.

“Barangay Conflict Resolution in Vigan City, Ilocos Sur”

Directions: In scale of 1-5, please express your satisfaction/dissatisfaction on how
the Barangay Conflict Resolution is done in your community. Place a “ ✓” in the box
that best represent your judgement using the following scale:

5 - Very Much Satisfied

4 - Satisfied
3 - Neither Satisfied or Dissatisfied
2 - Dissatisfied
1 - Very Much Dissatisfied

Items 5 4 3 2 1
I am satisfied on how the following are observed:
1. The role of Katarungang Pambarangay in the community
2. The roles and functions of the members of the Katarungang
Pambarangay
3. Techniques in handling mediation cases brought to the
Katarungang Pambarangay
4. Negotiating settlement agreements between conflicting parties
5. Making people aware of the Katarungang Pambarangay
6. Counseling persons involved in conflict
7. Application of relevant laws related to the different disputes
8. Credibility of the conflict resolution process
9. Clarity of information/explanation during mediation
10. Acceptability of the resolution/action take by the Katarungang
Pambarangay
4.2) Construct a GANTT chart on how you will go about the data gathering in two
months.
Nov. Nov. Nov. Nov. Nov. Nov. Dec. Dec.
Activities 6, 7-8 9-10 11-13 14-28 29- 6-15 16-20
2023 2023 2023 2023 2023 Dec 5, 2023 2023
2023
A. Finalization of the
Research Proposal
B. Research
Proposal Defense
C. Finalization of
Research Proposal
D. Research Ethics
Review
E. Data
Gathering/Collection
F. Presentation,
Analysis and
Interpretation of Data
G. Finalizing the
Manuscript
H. Final Defense
Activity No. 4C. Survey Questionnaire
4.1) Think of a survey research title and its specific problems.

“Challenges Faced by Farmers in their Agricultural Activities in

Vigan City, Ilocos Sur”
1) What is the profile of farmers in terms of:
a. age
b. sex
c. educational attainment
d. monthly income, and
e. number of years in the farming industry?
2) What are the challenges faced by farmers in their activities in terms of:
a. expenses,
b. resources,
c. farming equipment,
d. crop production, and
e. transportation?

3) Is there a difference between and among the farmers’ challenges in their

agricultural activities?

4) Is there a significant relationship between profile and the challenges faced by

farmers in their agricultural activities?

4.2) Contruct a survey questionnaire to be used in that survey research.

QUESTIONNAIRE ON CHALLENGES FACED BY FARMERS

This instrument is designed to help you clarify and analyze the challenges
you are facing in your agricultural activities. Please read each statement and
decide whether you agree or disagree with the statements. There are no right or
wrong answers. Its only purpose is to make you think about the challenges you are
facing in your agricultural activities. You should indicate your response by putting a
check mark (/) on the opposite items using the rating scale given below:

5 - Strongly agree (SA)

4 - Agree (A)
3 - Uncertain (U)
2 - Disagree (D)
1 - Strongly disagree (SD)

A. CHALLENGES FACED BY FARMERS

a) Expenses 5 4 3 2 1
1. There are benefits from the program of the government to
sustain agricultural needs.
2. There are sponsors or higher opportunities to help cater
all/some of the expenditure in the farm.
3. There are rising of costs making it hard to buy all the needs
in the farm.
4. There are debts that have to be paid because of the
expenditures in the farm.
5. There are enough funds to cater all the needs in the farm.
b) Resources 5 4 3 2 1
1. There are farming and natural resources such as water,
plant and animal diversity, vegetation cover, renewable energy
sources.
2. There are livestock such as carabao, cow and other animals
used in providing labor.
3. There is loss of agricultural land and the decrease in the
varieties of resources and livestock produced.
4. There are a room or a place for storing other resources and
materials needed in the farm.
5. There are enough resources I use in the farming to fulfill the
tasks in the farm.
c) Farming Equipment 5 4 3 2 1
1. There is a maintenance of farming equipment in order to
prolong its use.
2. There are some equipment that are not available in the
country making it more difficult to cultivate crops as early as
possible.
2. There are equipments that are almost broken due to
excessive use of it or merely storing it so farmers have to buy
a new one in order to make farming easier.
4. There are high-tech equipments such robotics and drones
used to make farming easier.
5. There are enough farming equipments such as tractor, plow,
cultivator, sprayer, rake and other farming tools to farm
continuously.
d) Crop Production 5 4 3 2 1
1. There is inability to access and use such as seed and
fertilizers.
2. There are high post harvest losses caused by poor storage
structure and inadequate access to pesticides.
3. There is inadequate investment in irrigation which makes
farmers very vulnerable to drought.
4. There is inadequate investment in processing of crop and
other grains.
5. There is an effect of climate change making it more difficult
for the land to support farmers' efforts to cultivate crops.
e) Transportation 5 4 3 2 1
1. There are vehicle/transportation to transport agricultural
products from the farming land to the market.
2. There are reliable modes of transportation to access which
can increase agricultural production speed.
3. There are effects of transportation system on the marketing
of agricultural products.
4. There are transportations that enables agriculture and
support the farmer to invest more and increase production.
5. There is an increased quality transportation to access in the
farm or market.

4.3) List at least three content validators and the justification why you are
considering them.
1. EFREN A. MOLINA (SHS Research Adviser)
2. HENRY B. BUEMIO, Ed.D. (SHS Research Critic)
3. MAE ANGELIE S. GARCIA (Class Adviser)

I consider them as my content validators since I am inclined to believe that

they will be of great assistance in confirming and verifying the accuracy of the
research data and findings through a thorough review of the content. They also
help to identify any errors, discrepancies, or prejudices that may have gone
undetected during the research process and the reliability and validity of the study
findings are ensured by them. Content validators can help researchers
contextualize their results and provide insights into the significance and
implications of their work. Their expertise in the field can help with accurate data
evaluation and smart conclusion drawing. Also, their participation in the research
process is essential to generating credible, reliable, and significant research.