حلول تمارين محور الأعداد والحساب ج م ع

‫‪1AS‬‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺰء اﻷول‬ ‫ﺣﻞ ﺗﻤـﺎرﯾﻦ اﻷﻋــﺪاد واﻟﺤﺴﺎب )ك‪-‬م(‬
‫ﺤل ﺘﻤﺎﺭﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﻋــﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ‬

‫ﺘﻤﺎﺭﻴﻥ )ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺭﺴﻲ( ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺀ ﺍﻷﻭل‬
‫ﺃﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺃﻡ ﺨﺎﻁﺊ؟‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫ﻴﻨﺘﻤﻲ ﺇﻟﻰ‪ ¤ :‬ﻭ ¡ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪(1‬‬
‫‪7‬‬
‫‪52‬‬ ‫‪52‬‬ ‫‪52‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫ﻷﻥ ‪= 4 = 2‬‬ ‫‪ (2‬ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻫﻭ‪:‬‬
‫‪13‬‬ ‫‪13‬‬ ‫‪13‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫ﻷﻨﻪ ﻻ ﻴﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﺔ ﻤﻘﺎﻤﻪ ﺒﺎﻟﺸﻜل‪.10 n :‬‬ ‫‪ (3‬ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺭﻱ ﻫﻭ‪:‬‬
‫‪3 × 10²‬‬
‫‪ (4‬ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻲ ﻫﻭ‪ 121 :‬ﻷﻨﻪ ﻴﻘﺒل ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ 1‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﻓﻘﻁ‪ 37×7 =259 ،‬ﻭ ‪.61×3 =183‬‬
‫‪ (5‬ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺴﺏ ﻟﻠﻌﺩﺩ ‪ 6270‬ﻫﻭ‪.2×3×5×209 :‬‬
‫‪ (6‬ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ ‪. 225 = 13 + 23 + 33 + 4 3 + 5 3‬‬
‫ﺘﻤﺜﻴل ﺃﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩﻱ‪:‬‬
‫‪(7‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪I‬‬
‫‪− 5‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪1 3‬‬ ‫‪π‬‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫‪.x = 5,17 ; y = 5,25 ; z = 5,36 (8‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪π‬‬ ‫‪(9‬‬
‫‪−π‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪I‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪2π‬‬
‫‪(10‬‬
‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪3π‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪I‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪π‬‬ ‫‪2,5‬‬

‫‪−‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻋﺩﺍﺩ‪:‬‬
‫‪2π‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫¡∈‬ ‫;‬ ‫‪∉¤‬‬ ‫;‬ ‫‪∉D‬‬ ‫‪; 3,5 ∉ ¢‬‬ ‫‪; 10 ∈ ¥ (11‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪www.latreche-mifa.xdir.org‬‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ‪LATRECHE MIFA :‬‬
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‫‪(12‬‬
‫¡‬ ‫‪¤‬‬ ‫‪D‬‬ ‫‪Z‬‬ ‫‪¥‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﺩﺍﺩ‬

‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪-3‬‬
‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪125‬‬
‫×‬ ‫‪2 3‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫×‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪7‬‬
‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫×‬ ‫‪π‬‬
‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪2,75‬‬
‫‪(13‬‬
‫‪− 144 −12‬‬
‫=‪•A‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= − 4⇔ A∈Z .‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪π‬‬ ‫‪3,14‬‬
‫=‪•B‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= 1⇔ B∈ ¥ .‬‬
‫‪3,14 3,14‬‬
‫‪•C= 2 −‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫=‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫‪2 −1 −1‬‬‫)‬ ‫=‬
‫)‪2 − 2 − 1 1 − 2 −( 2 − 1‬‬
‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= −1 ⇔ C ∈ Z .‬‬
‫‪2 −1‬‬ ‫‪2 −1‬‬ ‫‪2 −1‬‬ ‫‪2 −1‬‬ ‫‪2 −1‬‬
‫‪I = [ −4 ; 3] (14‬‬
‫• }‪ ⇔ I ¥ = {0;1; 2;3‬ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﻫﻭ ‪.4‬‬
‫• }‪ ⇔ IZ = {−4; −3; −2; −1;0;1; 2;3‬ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺼﺭ ﻫﻭ ‪.8‬‬
‫• ﻋﺩﺩ ﻋﻨﺎﺼﺭ ‪ ¤‬ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺸﻤﻠﻬﺎ ‪ I‬ﻫﻭ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﺤﺩﻭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪(15‬‬
‫¡‬ ‫‪¤‬‬ ‫‪D‬‬ ‫‪Z‬‬ ‫‪¥‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﺩﺍﺩ‬
‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪58‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪15‬‬
‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪1, 5 × 1 0 3‬‬
‫×‬ ‫‪2π‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪100‬‬
‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪64‬‬
‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪(0,5)²‬‬

‫‪(16‬‬
‫‪22‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪3,14‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪π‬‬ ‫‪4 ×10 −2‬‬ ‫‪3587‬‬ ‫‪−103‬‬ ‫‪10−3‬‬ ‫‪3,503‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﺩﺍﺩ‬
‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪100‬‬
‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺭﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻁﻘﺔ‬
‫×‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺭﻴﺔ‬
‫×‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻁﻘﺔ‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪21‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪16‬‬ ‫‪π‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪0, 25‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﺩﺍﺩ‬
‫‪π‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺭﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻁﻘﺔ‬
‫×‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺭﻴﺔ‬
‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻁﻘﺔ‬
‫‪p‬‬
‫ﻏﻴﺭ ﻗﺎﺒل ﻟﻼﺨﺘﺯﺍل‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ﺃﻥ ‪ p‬ﻭ‪ q‬ﺃﻭﻟﻴﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬
‫‪ (17‬ﺘﺫﻜﻴﺭ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻴﻜﺘﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺸﻜل ﻜﺴﺭ‬
‫‪q‬‬
‫ﺒﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺭﻱ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻴﻜﺘﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻜل ‪ n‬ﺃﻭ ‪ ، m n‬ﻭﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ ﺃﻴﻀﺎ ‪: ¥ ⊂ Z ⊂ D ⊂ ¤‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬
‫‪2 ×5‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬
‫‪25‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫= ‪ 2 , 5‬ﺇﺫﻥ ‪ 2,5‬ﻫﻭ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻨﺎﻁﻕ‪.‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫•‬
‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪47‬‬
‫‪ -0,47 − 0 , 4 7 = −‬ﻫﻭ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻋﺸﺭﻱ ﺇﺫﻥ ﻓﻬﻭ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻨﺎﻁﻕ‪.‬‬ ‫•‬
‫‪102‬‬
‫• ‪ 120‬ﻋﺩﺩ ﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺇﺫﻥ ﻓﻬﻭ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻨﺎﻁﻕ‪.‬‬
‫‪0,125‬‬ ‫‪0,1 2 5‬‬ ‫‪1 25‬‬ ‫‪125‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫ﻋﺩﺩ ﻋﺸﺭﻱ ﺇﺫﻥ ﻓﻬﻭ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻨﺎﻁﻕ‪.‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= 2‬‬ ‫•‬
‫‪62,5‬‬ ‫‪6 2, 5‬‬ ‫‪62500‬‬ ‫‪6 2 5 × 1 0²‬‬ ‫‪5 × 10‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪2 × 53‬‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫ﻋﺩﺩ ﻋﺸﺭﻱ ﺇﺫﻥ ﻓﻬﻭ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻨﺎﻁﻕ‪.‬‬ ‫‪−2‬‬
‫=‬ ‫• ‪= 12,5‬‬
‫‪40 × 10‬‬ ‫‪−2‬‬
‫‪40 × 10‬‬ ‫‪0,4‬‬
‫‪(18‬‬
‫‪25000 × 10 = 2,5‬‬
‫‪−4‬‬
‫‪52 × 10−3 = 0, 052‬‬

‫‪3 × 10 −2 = 0,03‬‬
‫‪12 × 106 = 12000000‬‬
‫‪6,125 × 10−3 = 0,006125‬‬
‫‪62,39 × 104 = 623900‬‬
‫‪(19‬‬
‫• ‪A = 0,027027.....‬‬
‫ﻟﻨﻔﺭﺽ ‪ x = 0, 027027‬ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ ﺇﺫﻥ‪1000x = 27,027..... :‬‬
‫‪1000x = 27 + 0,027.....‬‬
‫‪1000x = 27 + x‬‬

‫‪999x = 27‬‬
‫‪27‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫=‪x‬‬ ‫=‬
‫‪999 37‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫= ‪.A‬‬‫ﻭﻤﻨﻪ ﻓﺈﻥ‬
‫‪37‬‬
‫• ‪B = 34,1456 456.....‬‬
‫‪(1) 10B = 341, 456 456 = 341 + 0, 456 456.....‬‬
‫ﻟﻨﻔﺭﺽ ‪ x = 0, 456 456...‬ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ ﺇﺫﻥ‪1000x = 456, 456... :‬‬
‫‪1000x = 456 + 0, 456...‬‬
‫‪1000x = 456 + x‬‬
‫‪999x = 456‬‬
‫‪456 152‬‬
‫= ‪(2) x‬‬ ‫=‬
‫‪999 333‬‬
‫‪152‬‬
‫‪10B = 341 + x = 341 +‬‬ ‫ﻤﻥ )‪ (1‬ﻭ)‪ (2‬ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪333‬‬
‫‪341 × 333 + 152 113705‬‬
‫= ‪10B‬‬ ‫=‬
‫‪333‬‬ ‫‪333‬‬
‫‪113705 113705‬‬
‫=‪B‬‬ ‫=‬
‫‪333 × 10‬‬ ‫‪3330‬‬
‫‪113705‬‬
‫= ‪.B‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬
‫‪3330‬‬
‫‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ ﺃﻴﻀﺎ ‪: ¥ ⊂ Z ⊂ D‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜل ‪ n‬ﺃﻭ‬ ‫‪ (20‬ﺘﺫﻜﻴﺭ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺭﻱ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻴﻜﺘﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫‪2 ×5‬‬
‫‪m‬‬ ‫‪n‬‬
‫‪10‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪33‬‬ ‫‪32‬‬ ‫‪71‬‬ ‫‪15‬‬ ‫‪13‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﺩﺍﺩ‬
‫‪2000‬‬ ‫‪375‬‬ ‫‪105‬‬ ‫‪25‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪11‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫‪71‬‬ ‫‪15‬‬ ‫‪13‬‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ ﺒﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ‬
‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪2 × 53‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪53‬‬ ‫‪3× 5 × 7‬‬ ‫‪5²‬‬ ‫‪2²‬‬ ‫‪22 × 3‬‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺭﻯ‬
‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺭﻴﺔ‬
‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻁﻘﺔ‬
‫‪ 0, 00038 × 32,9562 (21‬ﺒﺎﺴﺘﻌﻤﺎل ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺴﺒﺔ ﻭﺩﻭﻥ ﻟﻤﺴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺼﻠﺔ ﻨﻜﺘﺏ ﻜﻤﺎ ﻴﻠﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪38 ×10 −5 × 329562 ×10 −4 =12523356 ×10 −9 =0,012523356‬‬

1AS ‫اﻟﺠﺰء اﻷول‬ (‫م‬-‫ﺣﻞ ﺗﻤـﺎرﯾﻦ اﻷﻋــﺪاد واﻟﺤﺴﺎب )ك‬
(22
1
= 1 0 −2
100
2
 1  1²
  = = 1 0 −2
 10  10²
(2 × 50)−2 = (102 )−2 = 10 −4
2
. 1 =  1  = 1 0 −2 :‫ﻭﻤﻨﻪ ﻓﺈﻥ‬
100 10 
(23
0, 21 21 3× 7 1 0, 21
= = = ⇔ ∈D
1,05 105 3 × 5 × 7 5 1, 05
7 π + 14 7( π + 2) 7 7 π + 14
= = ⇔ ∈¤
3π + 6 3( π + 2) 3 3π + 6
16 11 8 11 3 16 11
− = − = − = −1 ⇔ − ∈ Z
6 3 3 3 3 6 3
6π 6π
− = −2π ⇔ − ∈ ¡
3 3
2
−2 2 =
(
2 − 2 2 2 +1 )
2 +1 2 +1
2 − 2 × 2 − 2 2 −2( 2 + 1)
= = = −2
2 +1 2 +1
2
⇔ − 2 2 ∈Z
2 +1
(24
589 − 32
A = (589 − 32) ÷ (633 + 917) = 0,359...... ⇔ A = •
633 + 917
7
B = 7 ÷ (2 × 3 × 4) = 0, 2916666.... ⇔ B = •
2× 3× 4
C = (56, 25 + 7, 75) − 8 = 0 ⇔ C = 56, 25 + 7,75 − 8 •
5 www.latreche-mifa.xdir.org LATRECHE MIFA :‫ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ‬
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1AS ‫اﻟﺠﺰء اﻷول‬ (‫م‬-‫ﺣﻞ ﺗﻤـﺎرﯾﻦ اﻷﻋــﺪاد واﻟﺤﺴﺎب )ك‬
(25
1
• 3a + + 2 ⇔ 3 × a + (1 ÷ a) + 2
a
3a + 1
• ⇔ ( 3 × a + 1) ÷ (a + 2)
a+2
3(a + 1)
+ 2 ⇔ ( 3 × ( a + 1) ÷ a ) + 2
• a
1
• 3a + ⇔ 3 × a + 1 ÷ (a + 2)
a+2
3(a + 1)
• ⇔ [3 × ( a + 1)] ÷ (a + 2)
a+2
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‫‪1AS‬‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺰء اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﻞ ﺗﻤـﺎرﻳﻦ اﻷﻋــﺪاد واﻟﺤﺴﺎب )ك‪-‬م(‬

‫ﺘﻤﺎﺭﻴﻥ )ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺭﺴﻲ( ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺀ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻗﻭﻯ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺤﻘﻴﻘﻲ‪:‬‬

‫‪(26‬‬
‫• ‪ (−3) < 0‬ﻷﻥ ‪ 5‬ﻋﺩﺩ ﻓﺭﺩﻱ‪.‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫• ‪ (−5)8 > 0‬ﻷﻥ ‪ 8‬ﻋﺩﺩ ﺯﻭﺠﻲ‪.‬‬

‫• ‪ −35 < 0‬ﻷﻥ ‪. −243 = −35‬‬
‫• ‪ 10−3 > 0‬ﻷﻥ ‪. 0,001 = 10−3‬‬
‫• ‪ (−33 ) 2 > 0‬ﻷﻥ ‪ 2‬ﻋﺩﺩ ﺯﻭﺠﻲ‪.‬‬
‫‪(27‬‬
‫•‬ ‫‪2 × 3 = 4 × 27 = 108 .‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫•‬ ‫‪22 × 33 × 5 = 4 × 27 × 5 = 108 × 5 = 540 .‬‬

‫•‬ ‫‪23 × 33 = 8 × 27 = 216 .‬‬
‫•‬ ‫‪23 × 32 = 8 × 9 = 72 .‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫⎞‪⎛1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪27‬‬
‫= ‪• ⎜ ⎟ × 3 = × 27‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫⎠‪⎝2‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫⎞‪⎛1⎞ ⎛ 3‬‬ ‫‪1 33 3‬‬
‫‪• ⎜ ⎟ ×⎜ ⎟ = 2 × 3 = .‬‬
‫‪⎝3⎠ ⎝ 2⎠ 3 2 8‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫⎞‪⎛1⎞ ⎛4‬‬ ‫‪4 2 16‬‬
‫= ‪• 2×⎜ ⎟×⎜ ⎟ = 2‬‬ ‫‪.‬‬
‫‪⎝2⎠ ⎝5⎠ 5‬‬ ‫‪25‬‬
‫⎞ ‪1 ⎛ 33‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫⎞‪⎛ 1⎞ ⎛ 1‬‬ ‫‪27‬‬
‫‪• ⎜− ⎟ ×⎜− ⎟ = 2 ×⎜− 3 ⎟ = −‬‬ ‫‪.‬‬
‫⎠ ‪⎝ 2⎠ ⎝ 3⎠ 2 ⎝ 2‬‬ ‫‪32‬‬
‫‪⎛ 5 ⎞ ⎛ 4 ⎞ ⎛ 2 ⎞ (−5) × 4² × (−2) 8‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫= ⎟ ‪• ⎜− ⎟×⎜ ⎟ ×⎜−‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪.‬‬

‫⎠‪⎝ 4⎠ ⎝5⎠ ⎝ 5‬‬ ‫‪4 × 52 × 5‬‬ ‫‪25‬‬
‫‪(28‬‬
‫)‪(−2) × (−6) × (−3‬‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬
‫=‪A‬‬
‫‪(15) 2 × (−12)3‬‬
‫‪(−2)5 × (−2)3 × 33 × (−3)8‬‬ ‫‪28 × 38‬‬
‫=‪A‬‬ ‫‪= 2 2‬‬
‫‪32 × 52 × (−4)3 × 33‬‬ ‫‪3 × 5 × (−1)3 × 26‬‬
‫‪22 × 36‬‬ ‫‪4 × 729‬‬ ‫‪2916‬‬
‫=‪A‬‬ ‫‪=−‬‬ ‫‪=−‬‬
‫‪−25‬‬ ‫‪25‬‬ ‫‪25‬‬

1AS ‫اﻟﺠﺰء اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬ (‫م‬-‫ﺣﻞ ﺗﻤـﺎرﻳﻦ اﻷﻋــﺪاد واﻟﺤﺴﺎب )ك‬
(29
• A = (2 × 2 )² × (3 )² × 3
3 −4 3 −5
A = (23 × 2−4 )² × (33 )² × 3−5

3
A = (2−1 )² × 36 × 3−5 = 2−2 × 3 =
4
• B= 2 ×2 ×2 = 23 + 4 − 5 = 2² = 4 .
3 4 −5
22 × 33
2
⎛2⎞
• C = ⎜ ⎟ ×3 = = 4 × 3 = 12 .
3
⎝3⎠ 32
• D = (2 × 3 )² = 2 × 3 = 64 × 81 = 5184 .
3 2 6 4
2 3
⎛ 1⎞ ⎛3⎞ 1 1 33 3 3
• E = ⎜− ⎟ ×5 ×⎜ ⎟ = 2 × 2 × 3 = 5 =
−2
.
⎝ 3⎠ ⎝ 5 ⎠ 3 5 5 5 3125
2 3
⎛ 2 ⎞ ⎛ 7 ⎞ ⎛ −49 ⎞ 2 7 ⎛ 7 ⎞
4 4 2 2 3
1 76 74 2401
• F = ⎜ ⎟ ×⎜ ⎟ ×⎜ ⎟ = 4 × 4 × ⎜ − ⎟ = 2 × (−1) × 3 = − = −
⎝7⎠ ⎝4⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎠ 7 2 ⎝ 2 ⎠ 7 2 8 8
−2 4 −1
⎛2⎞ ⎛ 3 ⎞ ⎛ 27 ⎞ 3² 34 4 36 33 27
• G = ⎜ ⎟ ×⎜ ⎟ ×⎜ ⎟ = × × = = = .
⎝3⎠ ⎝4⎠ ⎝ 4 ⎠ 2 4 27 4 × 3
2 4 4 3
4 4
256
(30
4 4
2 2
• a= = 5 5 = 2−1 × 5−5 .
10 5
2 ×5
3
25 56
• b = −5 = −5 = 5 = 2 × 5 .
0 1
5 5
(10²) 3
106 26 × 56
• c= 6 = 6 6 = 6 6 = 1 = 20 × 50 .
2 ×5 6
2 ×5 2 ×5
(31
12 × 35 5
3 ×4 ×5 ×7
−2 5 5 −2 −2
• A= =
49 × 21
−3 4
(7²) −3 × 34 × 7 4
3 × 45 × 5−2 × 7 −2 3 × 45 3072
A= = 2 =
7 −6 × 7 4 5 25
(−5) × (−8) × (−9)
3 3 2
(2 ) × 53 × (32 )2
3 3
• B= =
152 ×122 34 × 52 × 42
29 × 5 × 34
B = 4 4 = 25 × 5 = 160
3 ×2

‫‪1AS‬‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺰء اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﻞ ﺗﻤـﺎرﻳﻦ اﻷﻋــﺪاد واﻟﺤﺴﺎب )ك‪-‬م(‬
‫‪(32‬‬
‫‪A = 987891236² − 987891235²‬‬
‫• ﺒﺎﻻﺴﺘﻌﺎﻨﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﺤﺎﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪A = 987891236² − 987891235² = 1976000000‬‬
‫• ﺒﺎﻟﺘﻤﻌﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺭﻗﻡ ﺍﻵﺤﺎﺩ ﻟﻜﻼ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩﻴﻥ ﻨﻼﺤﻅ ﺃﻨﻪ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﺃﻱ ‪ 6 ≠ 5‬ﻭﻤﻨﻪ ﻓﺈﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﺨﺎﻁﺌﺔ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻨﻀﻊ ‪ ، a = 987891236‬ﻭﻤﻨﻪ ﻓﺈﻥ‪:‬‬

‫‪A = a² − (a − 1)² = a² − (a² + 1 − 2a) = 2a − 1‬‬
‫ﻭﻤﻨﻪ ﻓﺈﻥ‪:‬‬
‫‪A = 2 × 987891236 − 1 = 1975782471‬‬
‫• ﺍﻻﺨﺘﻼﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻴﻌﻭﺩ ﻟﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩﻴﻥ ‪ 987891236²‬ﻭ ‪ 987891235²‬ﻜﺒﻴﺭﻴﻥ ﺠﺩﺍ ﻭﻻ ﺘﺴﺘﻁﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺴﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﺘﻬﻤﺎ ﻓﺘﻀﻁﺭ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﺘﻬﻤﺎ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺒﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺇﺠﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ ‪ A‬ﺒﺎﻟﺤﺎﺴﺒﺔ ﻨﺘﺤﺼل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ‬
‫‪.1976000000‬‬

‫‪1AS‬‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺰء اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺣﻞ ﺗﻤـﺎرﻳﻦ اﻷﻋــﺪاد واﻟﺤﺴﺎب )ك‪-‬م(‬

‫ﺘﻤﺎﺭﻴﻥ )ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺭﺴﻲ( ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺀ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺙ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﺫﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪(33‬‬
‫\ ∈ ‪π = 1,772453..... ⇔ π‬‬
‫\ ∈ ‪(−3)² = 3² = 3 ⇔ (−3)²‬‬
‫ﻷﻨﻪ ﻻ ﻴﻭﺠﺩ ﺃﻱ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻤﺭﺒﻌﻪ ﺴﺎﻟﺏ \ ∉ ‪−25‬‬
‫\ ∈ ‪13 − 136 = 13 − 11, 66... = 1,3380.... ⇔ 13 − 136‬‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫=‬ ‫⇔‬ ‫\∈‬
‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬
‫‪(34‬‬
‫‪200 = 100 × 2 = 10 2‬‬
‫‪6 × 48 = 6 × 48 = 6 × 6 × 2 2 × 2 = 12 2‬‬
‫‪75‬‬ ‫‪25 × 3‬‬ ‫‪25 5‬‬
‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬
‫‪27‬‬ ‫‪9×3‬‬ ‫‪9 3‬‬
‫‪3² + 4² = 9 + 16 = 25 = 5‬‬
‫‪(35‬‬
‫‪A = 2 3 + 5 12 − 75 = 2 3 + 10 3 − 5 3 = 7 3‬‬
‫‪B = 3 80 − 180 − 45 = 12 5 − 6 5 − 3 5 = 3 5‬‬
‫‪(36‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫=‬ ‫=‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2× 2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2× 2‬‬
‫=‬ ‫‪= 2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪8− 2 =2 2− 2 = 2‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫=‪8− 2‬‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻨﻪ ﻓﺈﻥ‪= 2 :‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫‪(37‬‬
‫⎛ ⎞ ‪⎛ 12 + 25 6‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫⎞‬
‫⎜=‪E‬‬ ‫‪⎟ ÷ ⎜1 +‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫⎟ ‪+ 24‬‬
‫⎝‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫⎝ ⎠‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫⎠‬
‫⎛ ⎞ ‪⎛ 12 + 25 6‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫⎞ ‪⎞ ⎛ 12 + 25 6 ⎞ ⎛ 12 + 3 6 − 2 6 + 24 6‬‬
‫⎜=‪E‬‬ ‫‪⎟ ÷ ⎜1 +‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫⎜=⎟‪+2 6‬‬ ‫⎜÷⎟‬ ‫⎟‬
‫⎝‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫⎝ ⎠‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫⎝ ⎠‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫⎝ ⎠‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫⎠‬
‫⎛ ⎞ ‪⎛ 12 + 25 6 ⎞ ⎛ 12 + 25 6 ⎞ ⎛ 12 + 25 6‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫⎞‬
‫⎜=‪E‬‬ ‫⎜÷⎟‬ ‫⎜=⎟‬ ‫⎜×⎟‬ ‫‪⎟⇔E=2‬‬
‫⎝‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫⎝ ⎠‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫⎝ ⎠‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫⎠ ‪⎠ ⎝ 12 + 25 6‬‬
‫‪1+ 5‬‬
‫ﻫﻭ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ (38‬ﻤﻘﻠﻭﺏ‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫)‪2(1 − 5‬‬ ‫)‪2(1 − 5) 2(1 − 5‬‬ ‫‪1− 5‬‬ ‫‪5 −1‬‬
‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪=−‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪.‬‬
‫)‪1 + 5 1 + 5 (1 + 5)(1 − 5‬‬ ‫‪1− 5‬‬ ‫‪−4‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪(39‬‬
‫‪81 = 9‬‬
‫‪175 = 25 × 7 = 5 7‬‬
‫‪1080 = 36 × 30 = 6 30‬‬
‫‪27 + 48 = 3 3 + 4 3 = 7 3‬‬
‫‪45 3 5‬‬
‫= ‪0, 45‬‬ ‫=‬
‫‪100 10‬‬
‫‪27 + 2 75 − 108 = 3 3 + 10 3 − 6 3 = 7 3‬‬
‫‪36 − 3 6 + 5 144 = 6 − 3 6 + 5 × 12 = 6 + 60 − 3 6 = 66 − 3 6‬‬
‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪225 2 2 2 3 15‬‬ ‫‪2 × 2 × 15 6‬‬
‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫=‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪=2‬‬
‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪25‬‬ ‫‪24‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪2 6‬‬ ‫‪2 × 15 6‬‬
‫‪(40‬‬
‫‪(1 + 2 ) = 1 + 2 + 2 2 = 3 + 2 2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪( 2 5 + 3) = 4 × 5 + 9 + 12 5 = 29 + 12 5‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪(1 − 5 2 ) = 1 + 25 × 2 − 10 2 = 51 −10 2‬‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫‪( 7 − 3 )( 7 + 3 ) = 7 − ( 3 ) = 49 − 3 = 46‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪(1 − 2 )(1 + 3 ) × 2 2 = (1 + 3 − 2 − 6 ) × 2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪= 2 2 + 2 6 − 2 × 2 − 2 12‬‬
‫‪=2 2−4 3+2 6−4‬‬

‫‪(41‬‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪5 10‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬
‫=‬ ‫=‬
‫‪2 10‬‬ ‫‪20‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪35‬‬ ‫‪35‬‬
‫=‬ ‫=‬
‫‪3 5 3 × 5 15‬‬
‫‪2 + 1 ( 2 + 1)( 2 − 2) 2 − 2 2 + 2 − 2 − 2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬
‫‪2+2‬‬ ‫(‬
‫‪2+2‬‬ ‫‪2−2‬‬‫()‬ ‫)‬
‫‪2−4‬‬ ‫‪−2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪2− 3‬‬ ‫‪(2 − 3)²‬‬ ‫‪4+3− 4 3 7 − 4 3‬‬

‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪=7−4 3‬‬
‫‪2+ 3‬‬ ‫(‬
‫‪2+ 3 2− 3‬‬ ‫()‬‫‪4−3‬‬ ‫)‬‫‪1‬‬
‫‪(42‬‬
‫⎞ ‪2 ⎛ 363‬‬ ‫⎞ )‪2 ⎛ 11 3( 2 + 1‬‬
‫=‪A‬‬ ‫⎜‬ ‫=⎟‬ ‫⎜‬ ‫⎟‬
‫⎠ ‪33 ⎝ 2 − 1‬‬ ‫⎠ )‪33 ⎝ ( 2 − 1)( 2 + 1‬‬
‫‪2 ⎛ 11 6 + 11 3 ⎞ 22 6 + 22 3‬‬
‫=‪A‬‬ ‫⎜‬ ‫=⎟‬
‫⎝ ‪33‬‬ ‫‪2 −1‬‬ ‫⎠‬ ‫‪33‬‬
‫=‪A‬‬
‫‪( 22‬‬ ‫)‬
‫‪6 + 22 3 × 33‬‬
‫=‬
‫‪22 198 + 22 99‬‬
‫‪33‬‬ ‫‪33‬‬
‫‪2 × 11 × 3 22 + 2 × 11 × 3 11‬‬
‫=‪A‬‬
‫‪33‬‬
‫‪A = 2 22 + 2 11‬‬
‫‪3 360 − 2 180 3 × 6 10 − 2 × 6 5‬‬
‫=‪B‬‬ ‫=‬
‫‪10 − 2‬‬ ‫‪10 − 2‬‬
‫)‪(18 10 − 12 5)( 10 + 2‬‬
‫=‪B‬‬
‫)‪( 10 − 2)( 10 + 2‬‬
‫‪18 × 10 + 18 × 2 5 − 12 × 5 2 − 12 10‬‬
‫=‪B‬‬
‫‪10 − 2‬‬
‫‪180 + 36 5 − 60 2 − 12 10‬‬
‫=‪B‬‬
‫‪8‬‬
‫‪45 + 9 5 − 15 2 − 3 10‬‬
‫=‪B‬‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫‪ a² + b² = 2 (43‬ﻭ ‪(1) . a + b = 1‬‬

‫‪• (a + b)² = a² + b² + 2ab‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪⇔ 2ab = (a + b)² − (a² + b²) = 1 − 2 = −1 ⇔ ab = −‬‬ ‫‪= −0,5 .‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪• a 4 + b 4 = (a² + b²)² − 2a²b² = (a² + b²)² − 2(ab)²‬‬
‫‪1 8 −1 7‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫⎞‪⎛ 1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫= ‪= 2² − 2 ⎜ − ⎟ = 4 − 2 × = 4 −‬‬ ‫‪= = 3,5 .‬‬
‫⎠‪⎝ 2‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫ﻭﻤﻨﻪ ﻓﺈﻥ ‪ a 4 + b 4‬ﻋﺩﺩ ﻋﺸﺭﻱ‪.‬‬
‫‪1+ 3‬‬ ‫‪1− 3‬‬
‫=‪b‬‬ ‫=‪ a‬ﻭ‬ ‫•‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪1− 3 1+ 3 1− 3 +1+ 3 2‬‬
‫=‪• a+b‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= = 1.‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫⎞ ‪⎛1− 3 ⎞ ⎛1+ 3‬‬
‫⎜ = ‪• a² + b²‬‬ ‫⎜‪⎟ +‬‬ ‫⎟‬
‫⎠ ‪⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝ 2‬‬
‫‪1+ 3 − 2 3 1+ 3 + 2 3‬‬
‫=‬ ‫‪+‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪4−2 3+4+2 3 8‬‬
‫=‬ ‫‪= =2‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻁﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ )‪ (1‬ﻤﺤﻘﻘﺎﻥ‪.‬‬
‫‪(44‬‬
‫•‬ ‫)‪2 × 2 + 3 = 2 × (2 + 3) = 4 + 2 3 (1‬‬
‫)‪• (1 + 3)² = 1 + 3 + 2 3 = 4 + 2 3 ⇔ 1 + 3 = 4 + 2 3 (2‬‬
‫ﻤﻥ )‪ (1‬ﻭ )‪ (2‬ﻨﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺃﻥ ‪. 1 + 3 = 4 + 2 3 = 2 × 2 + 3‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫•‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬
‫‪2 +1‬‬ ‫‪3+ 2‬‬ ‫‪4+ 3‬‬
‫‪2 −1‬‬ ‫‪3− 2‬‬ ‫‪2− 3‬‬
‫=‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬
‫)‪( 2 + 1)( 2 − 1) ( 3 + 2)( 3 − 2) (2 + 3)(2 − 3‬‬
‫‪2 −1‬‬ ‫‪3− 2 2− 3‬‬
‫=‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪= 2 −1+ 3 − 2 + 2 − 3‬‬
‫‪2 −1‬‬ ‫‪3− 2‬‬ ‫‪4−3‬‬
‫‪= 2 − 2 + 3 − 3 −1+ 2 = 1‬‬
‫‪E = x² − 3x + 4 (45‬‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠل ‪ x = 1 + 3‬ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪E = (1 + 3)² − 3(1 + 3) + 4‬‬
‫‪=1+ 3 + 2 3 − 3 − 3 3 + 4‬‬
‫‪=5− 3‬‬

‫‪1AS‬‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺰء اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺣﻞ ﺗﻤـﺎرﻳﻦ اﻷﻋــﺪاد واﻟﺤﺴﺎب )ك‪-‬م(‬

‫ﺘﻤﺎﺭﻴﻥ )ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺭﺴﻲ( ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺀ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺭﺒﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪(46‬‬
‫‪2000‬‬
‫‪= 285,714‬‬
‫‪7‬‬
‫‪π‬‬
‫‪= 0,052‬‬
‫‪60‬‬
‫‪cos 80° = 0,174‬‬
‫‪3 7 −9‬‬
‫‪= −0,531‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪(47‬‬
‫‪3π‬‬
‫‪1205 3 × 4.10−4‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪0,835‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺩﻭﺭ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪4, 712 10−3‬‬
‫‪(48‬‬
‫‪−34,56 × 10 5,03× 10 6,5 × 10 12 × 10−3‬‬
‫‪−2‬‬ ‫‪−4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ‬
‫‪−3, 456 × 10−1‬‬ ‫‪/‬‬ ‫‪/‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ ‪1, 2 × 10−2‬‬
‫‪(49‬‬
‫‪150 × 10−3 27,31× 10 0, 095‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪251,3‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ ‪1,50 × 10−1 2,731× 104 9,5 × 10−2 2,513 × 10²‬‬
‫‪2 × 10−1‬‬ ‫‪3× 104‬‬ ‫‪1 × 10−1‬‬ ‫‪3 × 10²‬‬ ‫ﺭﺘﺒﺔ ﻤﻘﺩﺍﺭ‬
‫‪(50‬‬
‫‪A = 9 × 10 + 0, 4 × 10 − 9 × 10−4‬‬
‫‪−3‬‬ ‫‪−2‬‬
‫‪A = 9 × 10−3 + 4 × 10−3 − 0,9 × 10−3‬‬

‫‪A = (9 + 4 − 0,9) × 10−3‬‬
‫‪A = 12,1 × 10−3‬‬
‫‪A = 1, 21 × 10−2‬‬

‫‪1AS‬‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺰء اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺣﻞ ﺗﻤـﺎرﻳﻦ اﻷﻋــﺪاد واﻟﺤﺴﺎب )ك‪-‬م(‬
‫‪ (51‬ﻨﺤﻭل ﺃﻭﻻ ‪:149 × 106 km‬‬

‫‪149 × 106 km = 149 × 106 × 103 m = 149 × 109 m .‬‬
‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪d 149 × 109‬‬
‫= =‪v= ⇔t‬‬ ‫‪= 49,66 × 10 = 496,6s .‬‬
‫‪t‬‬ ‫‪v‬‬ ‫‪3× 108‬‬
‫‪(52‬‬
‫‪181, 47‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ‪0,05 × 1200 × 10−3 851,7 × 0,0018 × 0, 073‬‬
‫‪78,956‬‬
‫‪2, 298‬‬ ‫‪0,06‬‬ ‫‪0,1119‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ‬
‫‪3× 100‬‬ ‫‪6 × 10−2‬‬ ‫‪1 × 10−1‬‬ ‫ﺭﺘﺒﺔ ﻤﻘﺩﺍﺭ‬
‫‪(53‬‬
‫‪8,96 × 10‬‬ ‫‪−6‬‬
‫= ‪. 8, 5 × 1019‬‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺩ ﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﺎﺱ ﻓﻲ ‪ 1mm3‬ﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺩﻥ= ﻜﺘﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺩﻥ ÷ ﻜﺘﻠﺔ ﺫﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﺤﺩﺓ =‬
‫‪1, 05 × 10‬‬ ‫‪−25‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﺍﻹﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪(54‬‬
‫‪(ab)²‬‬ ‫‪ab‬‬ ‫‪a²b²‬‬ ‫‪b²‬‬ ‫‪a²‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬
‫‪2 × 10−11 4 × 10−6 2 × 10−11 4 × 10−29 5 × 1017 6 × 10 7 × 10‬‬
‫‪−15‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬
‫ﻨﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺃﻥ ﺭﺘﺒﺔ ﻤﻘﺩﺍﺭ ‪ a²b²‬ﻫﻲ ﻨﻔﺴﻬﺎ ﺭﺘﺒﺔ ﻤﻘﺩﺍﺭ ‪. (ab)²‬‬

‫‪(55‬‬
‫‪R = 6371km = 6,371 ×107 cm .‬‬
‫‪4π × R 3 4 × π × (6,371 × 107 )3‬‬
‫=‪v‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= 1,08 × 1024 cm3 .‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪m‬‬
‫‪µ = ⇔ m = µ × v = 5,5 × 1,08 × 1024 = 5,94 × 1024 g = 5,94 × 1018 T .‬‬
‫‪v‬‬

‫‪1AS‬‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺰء اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ‬ ‫ﺣﻞ ﺗﻤـﺎرﻳﻦ اﻷﻋــﺪاد واﻟﺤﺴﺎب )ك‪-‬م(‬

‫ﺘﻤﺎﺭﻴﻥ )ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺭﺴﻲ( ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺀ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻤﺱ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪(56‬‬
‫ ﺨﻁﺄ‪ ،‬ﻜل ﺍﻷﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﺩﻴﺔ ﻟﻴﺴﺕ ﺃﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﻷﻥ ‪ 9‬ﻤﺜﻼ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻓﺭﺩﻱ ﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻴﻘﺒل ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ .3‬ﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ‪،49 ،27 ،21‬‬
‫‪... ،81‬ﺍﻟﺦ‪.‬‬
‫ ﺨﻁﺄ‪ ،‬ﻴﻭﺠﺩ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺯﻭﺠﻲ ﺃﻭﻟﻲ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ ‪ ،2‬ﻓﻬﻭ ﻴﻘﺒل ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ 1‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﻓﻘﻁ‪.‬‬
‫ ﺼﺤﻴﺢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻷﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻷﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻘﺒل ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺍﺤﺩ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻨﻔﺴﻬﺎ ﻓﻘﻁ‪ ،‬ﻭﺒﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻜل ﺍﻷﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺘﻘﺒل‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺍﺤﺩ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻨﻔﺴﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻨﺎﺤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻴﻭﺠﺩ ﺤﺩ ﻨﻬﺎﺌﻲ ﻟﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻷﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﻤﻥ ﻨﺎﺤﻴﺔ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻨﻪ ﻴﻭﺠﺩ ﻋﺩﺩ‬
‫ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﻨﺘﻪ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪(57‬‬
‫‪ 27‬ﻟﻴﺱ ﺃﻭﻟﻴﺎ ﻷﻨﻪ ﻴﻘﺒل ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ‬ ‫‪ 197‬ﻋﺩﺩ ﺃﻭﻟﻲ ﻷﻨﻪ ﻴﻘﺒل ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ‪33 = 27 ،3‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺍﺤﺩ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﻓﻘﻁ‬
‫‪ 23‬ﻋﺩﺩ ﺃﻭﻟﻲ ﻷﻨﻪ ﻴﻘﺒل ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ‬ ‫‪ 101‬ﻋﺩﺩ ﺃﻭﻟﻲ ﻷﻨﻪ ﻴﻘﺒل ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺍﺤﺩ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﻓﻘﻁ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺍﺤﺩ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﻓﻘﻁ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ‪3 × 6 = 18 ،3‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺍﺤﺩ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﻓﻘﻁ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ 3‬ﻭ‪3 × 5 = 405 ،5‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺍﺤﺩ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﻓﻘﻁ‬
‫‪ 319‬ﻟﻴﺱ ﺃﻭﻟﻴﺎ ﻷﻨﻪ ﻴﻘﺒل ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ 11‬ﻭ‪11 × 29 = 319 ،29‬‬
‫‪ 259 (58‬ﻟﻴﺱ ﺃﻭﻟﻴﺎ ﻷﻨﻪ ﻴﻘﺒل ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ 37‬ﻭ‪. 7 × 37 = 259 ،7‬‬
‫‪(59‬‬
‫ ‪. 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 = 2520‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫ ‪. 7951 × 1 = 7951‬‬
‫‪(60‬‬
‫‪.7+5=12‬‬ ‫‪5.+5=10‬‬ ‫‪5.+3=8‬‬ ‫‪.3+3=6‬‬ ‫ ‪.2+2=4‬‬
‫‪.13+7=20‬‬ ‫‪.11+7=18‬‬ ‫‪11.+5=16‬‬ ‫ ‪7.+7=14‬‬
‫ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻤﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﻭﻀﻌﻪ ﻫﻭ‪ :‬ﺃﻥ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻉ ﻋﺩﺩﻴﻥ ﺃﻭﻟﻴﻴﻥ ﻫﻭ ﺩﺍﺌﻤﺎ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺯﻭﺠﻲ‪.‬‬
‫‪ P(n) = n² + n − 41 (61‬ﻭ ` ∈ ‪. n‬‬
‫ ﻜل ﺍﻷﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺘﺠﺔ ﺃﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﻷﻨﻬﺎ ﺘﻘﺒل‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪n‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ 1‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻨﻔﺴﻬﺎ ﻓﻘﻁ‪.‬‬
‫‪-21‬‬ ‫‪-29‬‬ ‫‪-35‬‬ ‫‪-39‬‬ ‫‪-41‬‬ ‫ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻻ ﺘﻌﻁﻲ ﺩﺍﺌﻤﺎ ﺃﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺃﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﻷﻨﻪ )‪P(n‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ‪ n = 7‬ﻓﺈﻥ ‪ P(n) = 15‬ﻭ‪ 15‬ﻟﻴﺱ ﺃﻭﻟﻴﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (62‬ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻤل ﺍﻟﻭﺤﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺼﻭﺭ ﺒﻴﻥ ‪ 25‬ﻭ‪ 30‬ﻫﻭ‪ ،28 :‬ﻷﻥ ‪.1 + 2 + 4 + 7 + 14 = 28‬‬
‫‪(63‬‬
‫‪ (n + 1)² − n² = n² + 2n + 1 − n² = 2n + 1‬‬
‫ﻭﺒﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ‪ 2n+1‬ﻫﻭ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻓﺭﺩﻱ ﻴﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻨﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺃﻥ ﻜل ﻋﺩﺩ ﻓﺭﺩﻱ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﺘﻪ ﻜﻔﺭﻕ ﻤﺭﺒﻌﻴﻥ‪.‬‬
‫‪ 13 = 12 + 1 = 2 × 6 + 1 ⇔ 13 = (6 + 1)² − 6² = 7² − 6² = 49 − 36 = 13 .‬‬
‫‪ 45 = 44 + 1 = 2 × 22 + 1 ⇔ 45 = (22 + 1)² − 22² = 23² − 22² = 529 − 484 = 45 .‬‬
‫‪(64‬‬
‫‪1 1 1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫=‪ S‬‬ ‫‪+ + +‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬
‫‪2 6 12 20 30‬‬
‫‪30‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫=‪S‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬
‫‪2 × 30 6 × 10 12 × 5 20 × 3 30 × 2‬‬
‫‪30 + 10 + 5 + 3 + 2 50 5‬‬
‫=‪S‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬
‫‪60‬‬ ‫‪60 6‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪ A= −‬‬
‫‪n n +1‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪n +1− n‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫=‪A‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪.‬‬
‫‪n n + 1 n(n + 1) n² + n‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪−‬‬ ‫=‬
‫‪n n + 1 n² + n‬‬
‫‬
‫‪5 4‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪n‬‬
‫‪1 1 1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫=‪ S‬‬ ‫‪+ + +‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪1 1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪A‬‬
‫‪2 6 12 20 30‬‬ ‫‪30 20 12‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1‬‬
‫‪S= − + − + − + − + −‬‬
‫‪1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6‬‬
‫‪1 1 6 −1 5‬‬
‫= ‪S= −‬‬ ‫=‬
‫‪1 6‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬
‫‪(65‬‬
‫)‪(−4) (−25‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫)‪(4) (−1) (25‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫)‪2 (−1) (5²‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪−2 × 5‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪−5‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬
‫‪−625‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫=‪ A‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫= ‪= 4 2 2‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪.‬‬

‫‪36 × 10‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫)‪6² × (2 × 5‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪(2 × 3)² × 2² × 5² 2 × 3 × 5‬‬ ‫‪3²‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬
‫‪6 288 × 75 2 × 3 25 × 32 × 3 × 5²‬‬
‫=‪ B‬‬ ‫=‬
‫‪90 × 20‬‬ ‫‪9 × 10 × 2 × 10‬‬
‫‪23 × 3² 2 × 5 3 23 × 3 × 5 3 23 × 3 × 5 3‬‬
‫=‪B‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= 12 3 .‬‬
‫‪3 10 × 2 × 10‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪2×5‬‬

‫‪(66‬‬
‫‪48 24 × 3 16‬‬
‫‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪.‬‬
‫‪75 3 × 5² 25‬‬
‫‪180 2² × 3² × 5 10‬‬
‫‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= .‬‬
‫‪126 2 × 3² × 7‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬
‫‪585 3² × 5 × 13 3 × 13 39‬‬
‫‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪.‬‬
‫‪1275 3 × 5² × 17 5 × 17 85‬‬
‫‪17303‬‬ ‫‪113 ×13‬‬ ‫‪11² × 13 1573‬‬
‫‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= 3‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪.‬‬
‫‪792‬‬ ‫‪2 × 3² ×11 2 × 3²‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪72‬‬
‫‪ (67‬ﻤﻼﺤﻅﺔ‪ :‬ﻭﺭﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ‪ ، 74‬ﻟﻜﻥ ﺒﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ‪ 74‬ﻋﺩﺩ ﺃﻭﻟﻲ ﻓﻼ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻜل ‪ ، a b‬ﻟﺫﺍ ﻓﻘﺩ‬
‫ﺍﺴﺘﺒﺩﻟﻨﺎﻩ ﺒـ ‪. 84‬‬
‫‬ ‫‪54 = 2 × 33 = 3 2 × 3 = 3 6 .‬‬
‫‬ ‫‪84 = 2² × 3 × 7 = 2 3 × 7 = 2 21 .‬‬
‫‬ ‫‪845 = 5 × 13² = 13 5 .‬‬
‫‬ ‫‪1000 = 23 × 53 = 2 × 5 2 × 3 = 10 10 .‬‬
‫‬ ‫‪20825 = 17 × 35² = 35 17 .‬‬
‫‪(68‬‬
‫‬ ‫‪330 = 2 × 3 × 5 × 11 .‬‬
‫‬ ‫‪252 = 2² × 3² × 7 .‬‬
‫‪330 2 × 3 × 5 × 11‬‬ ‫‪5 × 11‬‬ ‫‪55‬‬
‫‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪.‬‬
‫‪252‬‬ ‫‪2² × 3² × 7‬‬ ‫‪2 × 3 × 7 42‬‬
‫‬ ‫‪252 = 2² × 3² × 7 = 2 × 3 7 = 6 7 .‬‬
‫‪ (69‬ﻤﻼﺤﻅﺔ‪ :‬ﻭﺭﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ‪ ، A = 2 × 5 × 7‬ﻟﻜﻥ ﺒﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ‪ 24‬ﻻ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻗﺎﺴﻤﺎ ﻟـ ‪ ،A‬ﻗﻤﻨﺎ ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺒﺩﺍﻟﻪ‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫ﺒـ ‪.28‬‬
‫‪ A = 2 × 5 × 7 = 2 × 2 × 5 × 7 = 2 × 7 × 2 × 5 = 28 × 50‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﻓﺈﻥ ‪ 28‬ﻗﺎﺴﻡ ﻟـ ‪.A‬‬
‫ ﻟﻜﻲ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ‪ kA‬ﻤﺭﺒﻌﺎ ﻟﻌﺩﺩ ﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻴﺠﺏ ﺃﻥ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻤﻜﺘﻭﺒﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻜل ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ‪ 2p × 5q × 7 r‬ﺤﻴﺙ ‪ q, p‬ﻭ‪ r‬ﺃﻋﺩﺍﺩ‬
‫ﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﺯﻭﺠﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪2 4 × 52 × 7 2‬‬
‫‪ A = 2 × 5 × 7 ⇔ kA = 2 × 5 × 7 ⇔ k = 3‬‬ ‫‪= 2 × 7 = 14 .‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪2 × 52 × 7‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﺃﺼﻐﺭ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ k‬ﻫﻭ ‪.14‬‬

‫ﻟﻨﺘﺤﻘﻕ ﻤﻥ ﺫﻟﻙ‪kA = 2 4 × 52 × 7 2 = 19600 ⇔ kA = 19600 = 140 :‬‬
‫ ﻟﻜﻲ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ‪ mA‬ﻤﻜﻌﺒﺎ ﻟﻌﺩﺩ ﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻴﺠﺏ ﺃﻥ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻤﻜﺘﻭﺒﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻜل ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ‪ 2 × 5 × 7‬ﺤﻴﺙ ‪ q, p‬ﻭ‪ r‬ﺃﻋﺩﺍﺩ‬
‫‪p‬‬ ‫‪q‬‬ ‫‪r‬‬
‫ﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻗﺎﺒﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﻘﺴﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ 3‬ﺃﻱ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻀﺎﻋﻔﺎﺕ ‪.3‬‬

‫‪23 × 53 × 73‬‬
‫‪ A = 2 × 5 × 7 ⇔ mA = 2 × 5 × 7 ⇔ m = 3‬‬ ‫‪= 5 × 7² = 245 .‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪2 × 52 × 7‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﺃﺼﻐﺭ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ m‬ﻫﻭ ‪.245‬‬
‫ﻟﻨﺘﺤﻘﻕ ﻤﻥ ﺫﻟﻙ‪mA = 23 × 53 × 73 = 343000 ⇔ 3 mA = 3 343000 = 70 :‬‬
‫‪f n = 22 + 1 (70‬‬
‫‪n‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪n‬‬

‫‪257 17‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪fn‬‬
‫ ﻜﻠﻬﺎ ﺃﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﻷﻨﻬﺎ ﺘﻘﺒل ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ 1‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻨﻔﺴﻬﺎ ﻓﻘﻁ‪.‬‬
‫ ‪ . f 5 = 2 + 1 = 2 + 1 = 4294967297 = 641 × 6700417‬ﺇﺫﻥ ﻓﻬﻭ ﻴﻘﺒل ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪.641‬‬

‫‪5‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪32‬‬
‫‪ 2n − 1 (71‬ﺤﻴﺙ ‪ n‬ﻋﺩﺩ ﺃﻭﻟﻲ‪.‬‬

‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪n‬‬
‫‪127 31‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪2n − 1‬‬
‫ ﻜﻠﻬﺎ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻷﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺃﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﻷﻨﻬﺎ ﺘﻘﺒل ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ 1‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻨﻔﺴﻬﺎ ﻓﻘﻁ‪.‬‬
‫ ‪ . 2 − 1 = 2047 = 23 × 89‬ﺇﺫﻥ ﻓﺈﻥ ‪ 11‬ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻟﻠﻌﺩﺩ ‪ n‬ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠﻠﻬﺎ ﻻ ﻴﻌﻁﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻜل‬
‫‪11‬‬
‫‪ 2n − 1‬ﻋﺩﺩﺍ ﺃﻭﻟﻴﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪(72‬‬
‫‪ pgcd(45;105) = 15.‬‬
‫‪45 15 × 3 3‬‬
‫‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬
‫‪105 15 × 7 7‬‬
‫‬ ‫‪45 = 3² × 5 = 3 5 .‬‬
‫‬ ‫‪45 × 105 = 3² × 5 × 3 × 5 × 7 = 33 × 52 × 7 .‬‬
‫‪ 45 = (3² × 5) = 3 × 5 .‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪ 105 = (3 × 5 × 7) = 3 × 5 × 7 .‬‬

‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬

‫‪(73‬‬
‫ ﻹﻴﺠﺎﺩ ﺃﻜﺒﺭ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺘﻀﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﻜﺭﺍﺱ ﻴﺠﺏ ﺤﺴﺎﺏ )‪:pgcd(420;378‬‬
‫‪pgcd(420;378) = 42‬‬
‫‪378 ÷ 42 = 9‬‬ ‫ ‪420 ÷ 42 = 10‬‬
‫ﺃﻱ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﻭل ﻴﺘﺸﻜل ﻤﻥ ‪ 10‬ﻜﺭﺍﺭﻴﺱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ ﻴﺘﺸﻜل ﻤﻥ ‪ 9‬ﻜﺭﺍﺭﻴﺱ‪.‬‬
‫‪(74‬‬
‫‪ A² = 4 × 15 × 11 = (2²) × (3 × 5) × 11 = 2 × 3 × 5 × 11 .‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫= ‪ A² = 2 × 3 × 5 × 11 ⇔ Α‬‬ ‫‪26 × 34 × 54 × 112 = (23 × 32 × 52 × 11) 2 = 23 × 32 × 52 × 11‬‬

‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪(75‬‬
‫ ﻟﻜﻲ ﻨﻌﺭﻑ ﺃﺼﻐﺭ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ n‬ﺤﻴﺙ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ‪ 240×n‬ﻤﺭﺒﻌﺎ ﺘﺎﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻴﺠﺏ ﺘﺤﻠﻴل ‪ 240‬ﺇﻟﻰ ﻋﻭﺍﻤل ﺃﻭﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪ ، 240 = 2 × 3 × 5‬ﺇﺫﻥ ‪ n = 3×5=15‬ﻷﻥ‪:‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪. 240 × n = 2 × 3 × 5 × 3 × 5 = 2 × 3 × 5 = (2² × 3 × 5)²‬‬

‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫‪1AS‬‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺰء اﻟﺴﺎدس‬ ‫ﺣﻞ ﺗﻤـﺎرﻳﻦ اﻷﻋــﺪاد واﻟﺤﺴﺎب )ك‪-‬م(‬

‫ﺘﻤﺎﺭﻴﻥ )ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺭﺴﻲ( ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺌل‪:‬‬
‫‪ (76‬ﻋﺩﺩ ﺃﺭﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ ‪ p‬ﺤﻴﺙ ‪ p = 23 021377 − 1‬ﻫﻭ ‪ 909 526‬ﺭﻗﻤﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ABC (77‬ﻤﺜﻠﺙ ﻤﺘﻘﺎﻴﺱ ﺍﻷﻀﻼﻉ‪ ،‬ﻀﻠﻌﻪ ‪.2‬‬
‫ ﻟﻴﻜﻥ ]‪ [AO‬ﺍﻻﺭﺘﻔﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻕ ﺒﺎﻟﻀﻠﻊ ]‪.[BC‬‬
‫ ﺒﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﻠﺙ ‪ ABC‬ﻤﺘﻘﺎﻴﺱ ﺍﻷﻀﻼﻉ ﻓﺈﻥ ]‪ [AO‬ﻫﻭ ﻤﺤﻭﺭ ﻭﺍﺭﺘﻔﺎﻉ‬
‫ﻭﻤﻨﺘﺼﻑ ﻓﻲ ﻨﻔﺱ ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺕ‪.‬‬
‫ ﺒﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ ﻨﻅﺭﻴﺔ ﻓﻴﺘﺎﻏﻭﺭﺱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﻠﺙ ‪ AOC‬ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺌﻡ ﻓﻲ ‪ ،O‬ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪AO² = AC² − OC² = 2² − 1² = 4 − 1 = 3‬‬
‫‪AO² = 3 ⇔ AO = 3‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪I‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪ 39 = 3 × 13‬‬
‫⎫ )‪39 = (a − b) × (a + b‬‬ ‫‪⎧a − b = 3‬‬ ‫‪⎧a = 8‬‬
‫⎨⇔⎬‬ ‫⎨⇔‬
‫‪39 = 3 × 13‬‬ ‫⎭‬ ‫‪⎩a + b = 13 ⎩b = 5‬‬
‫‪ 39 = (8 − 5) × (8 + 5) = 8² − 5² ⇔ 39 = 8² − 5²‬‬
‫ ﺇﺫﻥ ﻹﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﻗﻁﻌﺔ ﻁﻭﻟﻬﺎ ‪ 39‬ﻴﺠﺏ ﺇﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﻤﺜﻠﺙ ﻗﺎﺌﻡ ﻁﻭل ﻭﺘﺭﻩ ‪ 8cm‬ﻭﻁﻭل ﺃﺤﺩ ﺃﻀﻼﻉ ﺍﻟﺯﺍﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺌﻤﺔ‬
‫‪ ،5cm‬ﻋﻨﺩﻫﺎ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻁﻭل ﺍﻟﻀﻠﻊ ﺍﻵﺨﺭ ﻫﻭ ‪. 39‬‬
‫‪39‬‬
‫‪(78‬‬
‫‪α‬‬
‫‪β‬‬

‫‪AO‬‬
‫= ‪ tan α‬‬ ‫‪⇔ AO = tan α × OC = tan 30° × 64,3 = 0,577 × 64,3 = 37,1 m .‬‬
‫‪OC‬‬
‫‪OB‬‬
‫= ‪ tan β‬‬ ‫‪⇔ OB = tan β × OC = tan 2,45° × 64,3 = 0,042 × 64,3 = 2,7 m .‬‬
‫‪OC‬‬
‫‪ AC = AO + OB = 37,1 + 2,7 = 39, 8 ≈ 40 m .‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﺍﺭﺘﻔﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﻫﻭ ﺤﻭﺍﻟﻲ ‪.40 m‬‬
‫‪(79‬‬
‫ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻁﻴل ‪ R1‬ﺒﻌﺩﺍﻩ ﻫﻤﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻁﻭل ‪ L‬ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺭﺽ ‪.l‬‬
‫ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻁﻴل ‪ R2‬ﺒﻌﺩﺍﻩ ﻫﻤﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻁﻭل ‪ l‬ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺭﺽ ‪.L-l‬‬
‫‪L‬‬ ‫‪l‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫ ﺒﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ‪ R2‬ﻟﻪ ﻨﻔﺱ ﺸﻜل ‪ R1‬ﻓﺈﻥ‪:‬‬
‫‪l L−l‬‬
‫‪L‬‬
‫=‪ c‬‬ ‫‪⇔ L = c×l‬‬
‫‪l‬‬
‫‪L‬‬ ‫‪l‬‬ ‫‪c×l‬‬ ‫‪l‬‬
‫=‬ ‫⇔‬ ‫=‬
‫‪l L−l‬‬ ‫‪l‬‬ ‫‪c×l − l‬‬
‫‪⇔ (c × l)(c × l − l) = l²‬‬
‫‪⇔ c² × l² − c × l² = l²‬‬
‫‪⇔ l²(c² − c) = l²‬‬
‫‪l²‬‬
‫= ‪⇔ c² − c‬‬
‫‪l²‬‬
‫‪⇔ c² − c = 1 ⇔ c² − c − 1 = 0‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫⎛‬ ‫⎞‪1‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫‪ ⎜ c − ⎟ = ⇔ c² + − 2 × × c = ⇔ c² + − c − = 0 ⇔ c² − c − 1 = 0 ⇔ 0 = 0‬‬
‫⎝‬ ‫⎠‪2‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻭﺍﺓ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻤﺤﻘﻘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫⎛ ⎞‪1‬‬ ‫⎞‪5‬‬ ‫⎛⎡‬ ‫⎛⎡ ⎤ ‪5‬‬ ‫⎤‪5‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫⎛‬ ‫⎞‪1‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫⎛‬ ‫⎞‪1‬‬ ‫⎞‪1‬‬
‫⎜ ‪ ⎜c − ⎟ = ⇔ ⎜c − ⎟ −‬‬ ‫‪⎟ = 0 ⇔ ⎢⎜ c − ⎟ −‬‬ ‫‪⎥ ⎢⎜ c − ⎟ +‬‬ ‫‪⎥=0‬‬
‫⎝‬ ‫⎠‪2‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫⎝‬ ‫⎝ ⎠‪2‬‬ ‫⎠ ‪2‬‬ ‫⎝⎣‬ ‫⎝⎣ ⎦ ‪2 ⎠ 2‬‬ ‫⎦ ‪2⎠ 2‬‬
‫⎛⎧‬ ‫⎞‪1‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪⎧ 1‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫⎧‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪⎧ 1+ 5‬‬
‫‪⎪⎜ c − ⎟ −‬‬ ‫‪=0‬‬ ‫‪c−‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‪c‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫= ‪⎪c‬‬
‫⎝⎪‬ ‫‪2⎠ 2‬‬ ‫‪⎪⎪ 2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫⎪⎪‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫⎪⇔ ‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫⎨⇔‬ ‫⎨⇔‬ ‫⎨⇔‬ ‫⎨‬
‫‪⎪⎛ c − 1 ⎞ + 5 = 0‬‬ ‫‪⎪c − 1‬‬ ‫‪=−‬‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫= ‪⎪c‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪−‬‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪⎪c = 1 − 5‬‬
‫⎝⎜⎩⎪‬ ‫⎟‬
‫‪2⎠ 2‬‬ ‫‪⎪⎩ 2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫⎩⎪‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫⎩⎪‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪1+ 5‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﻨﻌﻠﻡ ﺃﻥ ‪> 0‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪1+ 5‬‬ ‫‪1− 5‬‬
‫= ‪.c‬‬ ‫‪ .‬ﺇﺫﻥ ﺍﻟﺤل ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺠﺏ ﺍﻟﻭﺤﻴﺩ ﻫﻭ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻤﻥ ﺠﻬﺔ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﻟﺩﻴﻨﺎ‪< 0 ⇔ 1 − 5 < 0 ⇔ 1 < 5 :‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫‪ ABCD (80‬ﺸﺒﻪ ﻤﻨﺤﺭﻑ ﺤﻴﺙ ‪ CD = 4cm‬ﻭ ‪l = 60°‬‬
‫‪.D‬‬
‫ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﻠﺙ ‪ CDE‬ﻤﺘﻘﺎﻴﺱ ﺍﻷﻀﻼﻉ ﺃﻱ ﺃﻥ ‪.CD = DE = EC = 4cm‬‬
‫ ﻟﺘﻜﻥ ‪ O‬ﻨﻘﻁﺔ ﺘﻘﺎﻁﻊ ﻤﺤﻭﺭ ]‪ [ED‬ﻤﻊ ]‪.[ED‬‬
‫ﺒﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ‪ CDE‬ﻤﺘﻘﺎﻴﺱ ﺍﻷﻀﻼﻉ ﻓﺈﻥ ]‪ [CO‬ﻫﻭ ﻤﺤﻭﺭ ﻭﻤﻨﺼﻑ ﻭﻤﻨﺘﺼﻑ ﻭﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ ﻓﻲ ﻨﻔﺱ ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺕ ﻭﻤﻨﻪ ﻓﺈﻥ‪:‬‬ ‫‬
‫‪.EO = OD = 2cm‬‬
‫]‪ [CO‬ﻤﺤﻭﺭ ]‪ [ED‬ﺇﺫﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﻠﺙ ‪ COD‬ﻗﺎﺌﻡ ﻓﻲ ‪ ،O‬ﻭﺒﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ ﻨﻅﺭﻴﺔ ﻓﻴﺘﺎﻏﻭﺭﺱ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻨﺘﺤﺼل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺎ ﻴﻠﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫‬
‫‪ CD²= CO² + OD²‬ﻭﻤﻨﻪ ‪ CO² = CD² - OD² = 4² - 2² = 16 – 4 = 12‬ﻭﻤﻨﻪ ‪.CO = 3,4 cm‬‬
‫‪ A‬ﻭﻤﻨﻪ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﺒﺎﻋﻲ ‪ ABCO‬ﻤﺴﺘﻁﻴل ﻭﻤﻨﻪ ﻓﺈﻥ‪ AB = CO = 3,4cm :‬ﻭ‪.BC = AO‬‬ ‫‪l=B‬‬‫‪l =O‬‬
‫‪l = 90°‬‬ ‫‬
‫ﻟﻴﻜﻥ ‪ P1‬ﻤﺤﻴﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﻠﺙ ‪ CDE‬ﻭﻤﻨﻪ ﻓﺈﻥ ‪.P1 = CD+DE+EC = 12cm‬‬ ‫‬
‫ﻟﻴﻜﻥ ‪ P2‬ﻤﺤﻴﻁ ﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﺭﻑ ‪.ABCE‬‬ ‫‬
‫‪ P2 = AB + BC + CE + AE‬‬
‫‪P2 = AB + AO + CE + AE‬‬
‫‪P2 = 3,4 + AE + 2 + 4 + AE‬‬
‫‪P2 = 2AE + 9, 4‬‬
‫‪ P1 = P2 ⇔ P2 = 12 ⇔ 2AE + 9, 4 = 12 ⇔ 2AE = 12 − 9, 4 = 2,6 ⇔ AE = 1,3cm .‬‬
‫‪ ABC (81‬ﻤﺜﻠﺙ ﻗﺎﺌﻡ ﻓﻲ ‪ .A‬ﺤﻴﺙ ‪.BC = a; AC = b; AB = c‬‬

‫‪bc‬‬
‫= ‪. S1‬‬ ‫ ﻟﺘﻜﻥ ‪ S1‬ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﻠﺙ ‪:ABC‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫⎞‪⎛c‬‬ ‫‪c²‬‬
‫⎟ ⎜×‪π‬‬ ‫×‪π‬‬
‫= ⎠ ⎝ = ‪. S2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ ﻟﺘﻜﻥ ‪ S2‬ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ ﻨﺼﻑ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﺌﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﻁﺭﻫﺎ]‪4 = π × c² :[AB‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫⎞‪⎛a‬‬ ‫‪a²‬‬
‫⎟ ⎜×‪π‬‬ ‫×‪π‬‬
‫= ⎠ ‪. S3 = ⎝ 2‬‬ ‫ ﻟﺘﻜﻥ ‪ S3‬ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ ﻨﺼﻑ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﺌﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﻁﺭﻫﺎ]‪4 = π × a² :[BC‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫⎞‪⎛b‬‬ ‫‪b²‬‬
‫⎟ ⎜×‪π‬‬ ‫×‪π‬‬
‫= ⎠ ⎝ = ‪. S4‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ ﻟﺘﻜﻥ ‪ S4‬ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ ﻨﺼﻑ ﺍﻟﺩﺍﺌﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﻁﺭﻫﺎ]‪4 = π × b² :[AC‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬
‫ ﻟﺘﻜﻥ ‪ S‬ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﻅﻠل‪:‬‬
‫)‪bc π × c² π × b² π × a² 4bc + π(c² + b² − a²‬‬
‫= ‪S = S1 + S2 + S4 − S3‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪.‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬
‫ ‪ ABC‬ﻤﺜﻠﺙ ﻗﺎﺌﻡ ﻓﻲ ‪ ،A‬ﻭﺒﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ ﻨﻅﺭﻴﺔ ﻓﻴﺘﺎﻏﻭﺭﺱ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻨﺘﺤﺼل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺎ ﻴﻠﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪ BC² = AB² + AC² ⇔ a² = c² + b²‬ﻭﻤﻨﻪ‪:‬‬
‫‪4bc + π(a² − a²) 4bc bc‬‬
‫=‪S‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= .‬‬
‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫ ﻨﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺃﻥ ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﻅﻠل ﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﻠﺙ ‪.ABC‬‬

حلول تمارين محور الأعداد والحساب ج م ع

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حلول تمارين محور الأعداد والحساب ج م ع

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‫‪1AS‬‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺰء اﻷول‬ ‫ﺣﻞ ﺗﻤـﺎرﯾﻦ اﻷﻋــﺪاد واﻟﺤﺴﺎب )ك‪-‬م(‬

‫ﺤل ﺘﻤﺎﺭﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﻋــﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ‬

‫‪− 5‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪1 3‬‬ ‫‪π‬‬

‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪π‬‬ ‫‪2,5‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪www.latreche-mifa.xdir.org‬‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ‪LATRECHE MIFA :‬‬

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‫¡‬ ‫‪¤‬‬ ‫‪D‬‬ ‫‪Z‬‬ ‫‪¥‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﺩﺍﺩ‬

‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪(0,5)²‬‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪www.latreche-mifa.xdir.org‬‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ‪LATRECHE MIFA :‬‬

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‫‪52 × 10−3 = 0, 052‬‬

‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪www.latreche-mifa.xdir.org‬‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ‪LATRECHE MIFA :‬‬

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‫×‬ ‫×‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻁﻘﺔ‬

‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪www.latreche-mifa.xdir.org‬‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ‪LATRECHE MIFA :‬‬

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5 www.latreche-mifa.xdir.org LATRECHE MIFA :‫ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ‬

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6 www.latreche-mifa.xdir.org LATRECHE MIFA :‫ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ‬

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‫ﺤل ﺘﻤﺎﺭﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﻋــﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ‬

‫ﻗﻭﻯ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺤﻘﻴﻘﻲ‪:‬‬

‫• ‪ (−5)8 > 0‬ﻷﻥ ‪ 8‬ﻋﺩﺩ ﺯﻭﺠﻲ‪.‬‬

‫•‬ ‫‪22 × 33 × 5 = 4 × 27 × 5 = 108 × 5 = 540 .‬‬

‫= ⎟ ‪• ⎜− ⎟×⎜ ⎟ ×⎜−‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪.‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪www.latreche-mifa.xdir.org‬‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ‪LATRECHE MIFA :‬‬

A = (23 × 2−4 )² × (33 )² × 3−5

2 www.latreche-mifa.xdir.org LATRECHE MIFA :‫ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ‬

‫• ﻨﻀﻊ ‪ ، a = 987891236‬ﻭﻤﻨﻪ ﻓﺈﻥ‪:‬‬

‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪www.latreche-mifa.xdir.org‬‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ‪LATRECHE MIFA :‬‬

‫ﺤل ﺘﻤﺎﺭﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﻋــﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪www.latreche-mifa.xdir.org‬‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ‪LATRECHE MIFA :‬‬

‫‪(1 − 5 2 ) = 1 + 25 × 2 − 10 2 = 51 −10 2‬‬

‫‪(1 − 2 )(1 + 3 ) × 2 2 = (1 + 3 − 2 − 6 ) × 2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪www.latreche-mifa.xdir.org‬‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ‪LATRECHE MIFA :‬‬

‫‪2− 3‬‬ ‫‪(2 − 3)²‬‬ ‫‪4+3− 4 3 7 − 4 3‬‬

‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪www.latreche-mifa.xdir.org‬‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ‪LATRECHE MIFA :‬‬

‫‪ a² + b² = 2 (43‬ﻭ ‪(1) . a + b = 1‬‬

‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪www.latreche-mifa.xdir.org‬‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ‪LATRECHE MIFA :‬‬

‫ﺤل ﺘﻤﺎﺭﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﻋــﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ‬

‫‪A = 9 × 10−3 + 4 × 10−3 − 0,9 × 10−3‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪www.latreche-mifa.xdir.org‬‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ‪LATRECHE MIFA :‬‬

‫‪ (51‬ﻨﺤﻭل ﺃﻭﻻ ‪:149 × 106 km‬‬

‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﺍﻹﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻨﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺃﻥ ﺭﺘﺒﺔ ﻤﻘﺩﺍﺭ ‪ a²b²‬ﻫﻲ ﻨﻔﺴﻬﺎ ﺭﺘﺒﺔ ﻤﻘﺩﺍﺭ ‪. (ab)²‬‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪www.latreche-mifa.xdir.org‬‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ‪LATRECHE MIFA :‬‬

‫ﺤل ﺘﻤﺎﺭﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﻋــﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ‬

‫=‪ A‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫= ‪= 4 2 2‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪.‬‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪www.latreche-mifa.xdir.org‬‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ‪LATRECHE MIFA :‬‬

‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﻓﺈﻥ ‪ 28‬ﻗﺎﺴﻡ ﻟـ ‪.A‬‬

‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪www.latreche-mifa.xdir.org‬‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ‪LATRECHE MIFA :‬‬

‫ﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻗﺎﺒﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﻘﺴﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ 3‬ﺃﻱ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻀﺎﻋﻔﺎﺕ ‪.3‬‬

‫ﻟﻨﺘﺤﻘﻕ ﻤﻥ ﺫﻟﻙ‪mA = 23 × 53 × 73 = 343000 ⇔ 3 mA = 3 343000 = 70 :‬‬

‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪n‬‬

‫ ‪ . f 5 = 2 + 1 = 2 + 1 = 4294967297 = 641 × 6700417‬ﺇﺫﻥ ﻓﻬﻭ ﻴﻘﺒل ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪.641‬‬

‫‪ 2n − 1 (71‬ﺤﻴﺙ ‪ n‬ﻋﺩﺩ ﺃﻭﻟﻲ‪.‬‬

‫‪ 105 = (3 × 5 × 7) = 3 × 5 × 7 .‬‬

‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪www.latreche-mifa.xdir.org‬‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ‪LATRECHE MIFA :‬‬

‫‪378 ÷ 42 = 9‬‬ ‫ ‪420 ÷ 42 = 10‬‬

‫ﺃﻱ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﻭل ﻴﺘﺸﻜل ﻤﻥ ‪ 10‬ﻜﺭﺍﺭﻴﺱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ ﻴﺘﺸﻜل ﻤﻥ ‪ 9‬ﻜﺭﺍﺭﻴﺱ‪.‬‬

‫= ‪ A² = 2 × 3 × 5 × 11 ⇔ Α‬‬ ‫‪26 × 34 × 54 × 112 = (23 × 32 × 52 × 11) 2 = 23 × 32 × 52 × 11‬‬

‫‪. 240 × n = 2 × 3 × 5 × 3 × 5 = 2 × 3 × 5 = (2² × 3 × 5)²‬‬

‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪www.latreche-mifa.xdir.org‬‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ‪LATRECHE MIFA :‬‬

‫ﺤل ﺘﻤﺎﺭﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﻋــﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ‬

‫=‪ A‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫= ‪= 4 2 2‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪.‬‬

‫ ‪ . f 5 = 2 + 1 = 2 + 1 = 4294967297 = 641 × 6700417‬ﺇﺫﻥ ﻓﻬﻭ ﻴﻘﺒل ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪.641‬‬

‫‪ 105 = (3 × 5 × 7) = 3 × 5 × 7 .‬‬

‫‪378 ÷ 42 = 9‬‬ ‫ ‪420 ÷ 42 = 10‬‬

‫= ‪ A² = 2 × 3 × 5 × 11 ⇔ Α‬‬ ‫‪26 × 34 × 54 × 112 = (23 × 32 × 52 × 11) 2 = 23 × 32 × 52 × 11‬‬

‫‪ P1 = P2 ⇔ P2 = 12 ⇔ 2AE + 9, 4 = 12 ⇔ 2AE = 12 − 9, 4 = 2,6 ⇔ AE = 1,3cm .‬‬