UNIVERSIDAD ARCIS / / ESCUELA DE INGLÉS

TENSES Teacher: Ximena Alvarado

PRESENT TENSES
Simple Present Verb To Be:
I am... (I’m)
You are… (You’re)
Affirmative case: She / He / It is... (She’s / He’s / It’s)
We are… (We’re)
They are… (They’re)
Subject + to be...
I am not... (I’m not)
You are not… (You aren’t)
Negative case: She / He / It is not... (She isn’t / He isn’t / It isn’t)
We are not… (We aren’t)
They are not… (They aren’t)
Subject + to be not...
Interrogative case: Am I?
Are you?
Note: if there's a WH question, this Is she / he / it?
one goes before the verb Are we?
To BE doesn't need an auxiliary for
the negative or interrogative case. Are they?
To be + subject?

Simple Present (All verbs):

This tense describes things that are always true, or true for a long time. The main use of it is to
express habitual actions.
I work...
You work…
Affirmative case: She / He / It works...
We work…
They work…
Subject + verb...
I don't work...
You don’t work…
Negative case: She / He / It doesn't work...
We don’t work…
They don’t work…
Subject + auxiliary do (does) + not + verb...
Do I work?
Interrogative case: Do you work?
Does she / he / it work?
Note: if there's a WH question, this Do we work?
one goes before the auxiliary Do
Do they work?
Auxiliary do (does) + subject + verb?

Elaborado por: Ximena Alvarado Collao 1

 UNIVERSIDAD ARCIS / / ESCUELA DE INGLÉS
TENSES Teacher: Ximena Alvarado

Have Got:
This means the same as to have.
I have got… (I’ve got…)
You have got... (You’ve got…)
Affirmative case: She / He / It has got... (She’s / He’s / It’s got…)
We have got… (We’ve got…)
They have got… They’ve got…)
Subject + have got (has got) +...
I haven't got...
You haven’t got…
Negative case: She / He / It hasn't got...
We haven’t got…
They haven’t got…
Subject + haven't got (hasn’t got) +...
Have I got a cat?
Interrogative case: Have you got a cat?
Has she / he / it got a cat?
Note: if there's a WH question, this Have we got a cat?
one goes before Have.
Have they got a cat?
Have (Has) + subject + got...?

To Have:
I have a cat.
You have a cat.
Affirmative case: She / he / it has a cat.
We have a cat.
They have a cat.
Subject + have (has) +...
I don't have a cat.
You don’t have a cat.
Negative case: She / He / It doesn't have a cat.
We don’t have a cat.
They don’t have a cat.
Subject + don’t (doesn’t) + have + ...
Do I have a cat?
Interrogative case: Do you have a cat?
Does she have a cat?
Note: if there's a WH question, this Do we have a cat?
one goes before the auxiliary Do.
Do they have a cat?
Do (Does) + subject + have + ...?

Elaborado por: Ximena Alvarado Collao 2

 UNIVERSIDAD ARCIS / / ESCUELA DE INGLÉS
TENSES Teacher: Ximena Alvarado

Present Continuous (All verbs):

This tense describes activities happening now, temporary activities, and activities in the
near future.
I am dancing...
You are dancing…
Affirmative case: She / He / It is dancing…
We are dancing…
They are dancing...
Subject + to be + verb ing...
I am not dancing...
You are not dancing…
Negative case: She / He / It is not dancing…
We are not dancing…
They are not dancing...
Subject + to be not + verb ing...
Interrogative case: Am I dancing...?
Are you dancing…?
Note: if there's a WH question, this one Is she/ he/ it dancing…?
goes before To Be. Are we dancing…?
To BE doesn't need an auxiliary for the
negative or interrogative case. Are they dancing...?
To be + subject + verb ing...?

Elaborado por: Ximena Alvarado Collao 3

 UNIVERSIDAD ARCIS / / ESCUELA DE INGLÉS
TENSES Teacher: Ximena Alvarado

Present Perfect:
This tense is used for past actions whose time is not given and not definite. This tense may be said to be a sort
of mixture of present and past, it always implies a strong connection with the present.
I have worked.
You have worked.
Affirmative case: She / He / It has worked.
We have worked.
They have worked.
Subject + have (has) + verb (past participle form)
I have not worked. (I haven't...)
You have not worked. (You haven’t…)
Negative case: She / He / It has not worked. (She/ He/ It hasn't...)
We have not worked. (We haven’t…)
They have not worked. (They haven’t…)
Subject + have not (has not) + verb (past participle
form)
Have I worked?
Interrogative case: Have you worked?
Has she / he / it worked?
Note: if there's a WH Have we worked?
question, this one goes
Have they worked?
before to Have.
Have (Has) + subject + verb (past participle form)?

Present Perfect Continuous:

This tense is used for an action, which began in the past and is still continuing, or has only just finished.
I have been working.
You have been working.
Affirmative case: She / He / It has been working.
We have been working.
They have been working.
Subject + have (has) been + verb ing.
I have not been working. (I haven't...)
You have not been working. (You haven’t..)
Negative case: She/ He/ It has not been working. (She/ He/ It hasn't...)
We have not been working. (We haven’t…)
They have not been working. (They haven’t…)
Subject + have (has) not been + verb ing.
Have I been working?
Interrogative case: Have you been working?
Has she/ he/ it been working?
Note: if there's a WH Have we been working?

Elaborado por: Ximena Alvarado Collao 4

 UNIVERSIDAD ARCIS / / ESCUELA DE INGLÉS
TENSES Teacher: Ximena Alvarado
question, this one goes Have they been working
before Have. Have (Has) + subject + been + verb ing?

PAST TENSES
Simple Past Verb To Be:
I was...
You were…
Affirmative case: She/ He/ It was…
We were…
They were...
Subject + verb...
I was not… (I wasn't...)
You were not… (You weren’t…)
Negative case: She/ He/ It was not… (She/ He/ It wasn’t…)
We were not… (We weren’t…)
They were not… (They weren't...)
Subject + to be not...
Interrogative case: Was I…?
Were you…?
Note: if there's a WH question, this Was she/ he/ it…?
one goes before the verb To Be Were we…?
To BE doesn't need an auxiliary for
the negative or interrogative case. Were they…?
To be + subject?

Simple Past (All verbs):

This tense is used for the relation of past events, for actions completed in the past at a definite time. There are
regular and irregular verbs.
I worked...
You studied…
Affirmative case: She/ He/ It bought...
We drank…
They broke…
Subject + verb...
I did not work... (I didn't)
You did not study… (You didn’t)
Negative case: She/ He/ It did not buy... (She/ He/ It didn't)
We did not drink… (We didn’t)
They did not brake… (They didn’t)
Subject + did not + verb (base form)...
Did I work…?
Interrogative case: Did you study…?
Did she/ he/ it buy…?
Note: if there's a WH question, this Did we drink…?
one goes before the auxiliary Did.
Did they brake…?
Did + subject + verb (base form)?

Elaborado por: Ximena Alvarado Collao 5

 UNIVERSIDAD ARCIS / / ESCUELA DE INGLÉS
TENSES Teacher: Ximena Alvarado

Past Continuous (All verbs):

This tense is used for past actions which continued for some time but whose exact limits are not
known and not important.

Affirmative case:
Negative case:
Interrogative case:
Note: if there's a WH question,
this one goes before the verb To Was she/ he/ it writing…?
Be.
To BE doesn't need an auxiliary
for the negative or interrogative Were they writing...?
case.
I was writing...
You were writing…
She/ He/ It was writing…
We were writing…
They were writing...
Subject + to be + verb ing...
I was not writing... (I wasn’t…)
You were not writing… (You weren’t…)
She/ He/ It was not writing… (She/ He/ It wasn’t…)
We were not writing… (We weren’t…)
They were not writing... (They weren’t…)
Subject + to be not + verb ing...
Was I writing...?
Were you writing…?
Were we writing…?
To be + subject + verb ing...?

Elaborado por: Ximena Alvarado Collao 6

 UNIVERSIDAD ARCIS / / ESCUELA DE INGLÉS
TENSES Teacher: Ximena Alvarado

Past Perfect:
This tense can be used for an action, which began before the time of speaking in the past and continued up to
that time or stopped just before it.
I had worked.
You had worked.
Affirmative case: She/ He/ It had worked.
We had worked.
They had worked.
Subject + had + verb (simple past)
I had not worked. (I hadn't...)
You had not worked. (You hadn’t…)
Negative case: She/ He/ It had not worked. (She/ He/ It hadn't...)
We had not worked. (We hadn’t…)
They had not worked. (They hadn’t…)
Subject + had not + verb (simple past)
Had I worked?
Interrogative case: Had You worked?
Had she/ he/ it worked?
Note: if there's a WH question, Had we worked?
this one goes before Had.
Had they worked?
Had + subject + verb (simple past)?

Past Perfect Continuous:

This tense can be used when the action began before the time of speaking in the past, and continued up to that
time, or stopped just before it.
I had been working.
You had been working.
Affirmative case: She/ He/ It had been working.
We had been working.
They had been working.
Subject + had been + verb ing.
I had not been working. (I hadn't...)
You had not been working. (You hadn’t…)
Negative case: She/ He/ It had not been working. (She/ He/ It hadn't...)
We had not been working. (We hadn’t…)
They had not been working. (They hadn’t…)
Subject + had not been + verb ing.
Had I been working?
Interrogative case: Had You been working?
Had she/ he/ it been working?

Elaborado por: Ximena Alvarado Collao 7

 UNIVERSIDAD ARCIS / / ESCUELA DE INGLÉS
TENSES Teacher: Ximena Alvarado
Note: if there's a WH Had we been working?
question, this one goes before Had they been working?
Had. Had + subject + been + verb ing?

FUTURE TENSES
Going to: It expresses a person's plan and intention to perform a future action. These actions are usually considered
very likely to be performed. The intention is always premeditated and there is usually also the idea that some preparation
for the action has already been made. It is also used when we can see now that something is sure to happen in the future.
Affirmative case: I am going to read a book.
You are going to read a book.
She/ He/ It is going to read a book.
We are going to read a book.
They are going to read a book
Subject + to be + going to + verb (Base form)
Negative case: I am not going to read a book. (I’m not…)
You are not going to read a book. (You aren’t…)
She/ He/ It is not going to read a book. (She/ He/ It isn’t…)
We are not going to read a book. (We aren’t…)
They are not going to read a book. (They aren’t…)
Subject + to be not + going to + verb (Base form)
Interrogative case: Am I going to read a book?
Note: if there's a WH Are you going to read a book?
question, this one goes Is she/ he/ it going to read a book?
before To be.
To BE doesn't need an
Are we going to read a book?
auxiliary for the negative Are they going to read a book?
or interrogative cases. To be + subject + going to + verb (Base form)
When the intention of an action is not clearly premeditated or unpremeditated we can use will or going to.

Will: This tense is used to express opinions, assumptions, and speculations about the future also for future habitual
actions, which we assume, will take place. We use will when the intention of an action is clearly unpremeditated.
Affirmative case: I will work. (I’ll work)
You will work. (You’ll work)
She/ He/ It will work. (She/ He/ It ‘ll work)
We will work. (We’ll work)
They will work, (They’ll work)
Subject + will + verb (Base form)
Negative case: I won't work.
You won’t work
She/ He/ It won't work.
We won’t work.
They won’t work.
Subject + won't (= will not) + verb (Base form)
Interrogative case: Will I work?
Will you work?

Elaborado por: Ximena Alvarado Collao 8

 UNIVERSIDAD ARCIS / / ESCUELA DE INGLÉS
TENSES
Note: if there's a WH
question, this one goes
before Will.
Future Continuous:
The main use of this tense is to express a future without intention. It usually implies an action, which will
occur in the normal course of events. It can also be used with or without a definite time and for the near or
distant future.
Affirmative case:
Negative case:
Interrogative case:
Note: if there's a WH
question, this one goes
before Will.
Future Perfect:
This tense is used for an action, which at a given future time will be in the past.
Affirmative case:
Negative case:
Interrogative case:
Note: if there's a WH
question, this one goes
Elaborado por: Ximena Alvarado Collao
Teacher: Ximena Alvarado
Will she/ he/ it work?
Will we work?
Will they work?
Will + subject + verb (Base form)
I will be working. (I’ll be...)
You will be working. (You’ll be…)
She/ He/ It will be working. (She/ He/ It’ll be...)
We will be working. (We’ll be…)
They will be working. (They’ll be…)
Subject + will be + verb ing.
I won’t be working.
You won’t be working.
She/ He/ It won’t be working.
We won’t be working.
They won’t be working.
Subject + won’t (= will not) + be + verb ing.
Will I be working?
Will you be working?
Will she/ he/ it be working?
Will we be working?
Will they be working?
Will + subject + be + verb ing?
I will have finished...
You will have finished...
She/ He/ It will have finished...
We will have finished...
They will have finished...
Subject + will have + verb (past participle form)...
I won't have finished...
You won't have finished...
She/ He/ It won't have finished...
We won't have finished...
They won't have finished...
Subject + will not have + verb (past participle form)...
Will I have finished...?
Will you have finished...?
Will she/ he/ it have finished...?
Will we have finished...?
Will they have finished...?
9
 UNIVERSIDAD ARCIS / / ESCUELA DE INGLÉS
TENSES Teacher: Ximena Alvarado
before Will. Will + subject + have + verb (past participle form)...?

Present Simple or Present Continuous?

The simple present tense is often confused with the present continuous tense.

The simple present tense is used for two main types of action:

Habits Actions which happen regularly (every day, every week, etc.)

States Things which do not often change (opinions, conditions, etc.)

Some examples will help to make this clearer:
Type of
Examples Explanations
action

Young-Mi goes to class

"Every day" is a habit.
every day.

It rains a lot in Vancouver. This means that it rains often.

Habit
Santos always talks about
"Always" means this is a habit.
his family.

Jerry spends Christmas This implies that he spends Christmas

with his parents. with his parents every year.

This is a state, because it doesn't

Bianca lives in Florida.
change.

Someone's hair colour doesn't usually

Jean-Paul has red hair.
change.
State
When we like something, usually we will
Martin likes chocolate.
always like it.

Beliefs and opinions are states. They

Anna believes in God.
don't often change.

Elaborado por: Ximena Alvarado Collao 10

 UNIVERSIDAD ARCIS / / ESCUELA DE INGLÉS
TENSES Teacher: Ximena Alvarado

The present continuous tense

The present continuous tense is used for two main types of action:
A temporary action happening Something which is going on right now (but it will stop in
now the future)

A definite plan for the future Something we intend to do, usually in the near future

Here are some examples:

Type of action Examples Explanations

John is winning the Right now, John is winning, but the

game. game isn't finished yet.

It's raining right now (but it may stop

Temporary action
happening right now
It's raining outside.
soon).
Soraya's working in
She's working there right now.
the library.

Sihol is spending He's spending Christmas with his

Christmas with his family right now, this year. (Maybe
family. next year he won't.)

I'm playing soccer This plan is already arranged and

tomorrow. definite.

Sarah's leaving for San She has probably already bought her
Francisco on Friday. ticket.
Definite plan for the
future The Olympics are
taking place here next This is already certain.
year.

I'm having a party

All the plans have been made.
next week.

Elaborado por: Ximena Alvarado Collao 11

 UNIVERSIDAD ARCIS / / ESCUELA DE INGLÉS
TENSES Teacher: Ximena Alvarado

Los verbos en inglés

A diferencia del español, en que todas las personas verbales se conjugan, el verbo en inglés
tiene una sola conjugación. Para formar el infinitivo se utiliza la partícula “to” que precede
al verbo: To play / jugar

El presente del indicativo se forma con el infinitivo sin “to”. Todas las personas tienen la
misma forma, excepto la tercera persona singular (en la cual se añade una '-s' al infinitivo).

I play Yo juego
You play Tú juegas
He / She / It plays Él / Ella, Ello juega
We play Nosotros jugamos
You play Vosotros jugáis
They play Ellos juegan

En inglés solamente varía la tercera persona (play - plays) mientras que en español, cada
una de las personas lleva una forma verbal diferente (juego, juegas, juega, jugamos...).
Para conjugar un verbo en inglés hace falta conocer tres formas:
 el infinitivo
 el pretérito (que corresponde en español al pretérito indefinido y al pretérito imperfecto)
 el participio pasivo (que sirve para la formación de los tiempos compuestos).

El verbo en inglés, a diferencia del español, va siempre acompañado del sujeto (sustantivo
o pronombre), a excepción del imperativo. No existen por tanto sujetos elípticos:
He never plays with his children / Nunca juega con sus hijos
Let's play at pirates! / ¡Vamos a jugar a los piratas!

CLASIFICACIÓN DE LOS VERBOS

Podemos clasificar los verbos en dos tipos:
 verbos normales y verbos auxiliares.
Los verbos normales pueden dividirse a su vez en:
 verbos regulares y verbos irregulares.

Los verbos regulares forman el pretérito (past tense) y el participio añadiendo la desinencia
-ed a la forma básica:
INFINITIVO PASADO PARTICIPIO
To play / jugar played / jugué, jugaba played / jugado
Los verbos irregulares forman el pretérito de manera irregular (de ahí su nombre). No
siguen ninguna norma, por lo que debemos aprenderlos de memoria.

INFINITIVO PASADO PARTICIPIO

forget / olvidar forgot / olvidé, olvidaba forgotten / olvidado
Los verbos irregulares son los más comunes en inglés.

Elaborado por: Ximena Alvarado Collao 12

 UNIVERSIDAD ARCIS / / ESCUELA DE INGLÉS
TENSES Teacher: Ximena Alvarado

LOS VERBOS AUXILIARES

Auxiliary Verbs
 To be / Ser, estar
 To have / Haber, tener
 To do / Hacer. No tiene traducción (significado)cuando se utiliza como auxiliar.

Modal Auxiliary Verbs

 Can, could: Para hablar sobre la posibilidad y capacidad, pedir y dar permiso,
pedir y ofrecer cosas.
 May, might: Para hablar sobre la posibilidad, pedir y dar permiso.
 Must: Para expresar la conclusión de que algo es cierto. También para hablar sobre
la necesidad y la obligación.
 Shall, Will: Se utilizan para formar el futuro.
 Should, Would: Se utilizan para formar el condicional. Should es más formal y
sólo se utiliza con la primera persona del singular y del plural, 'I' y 'we'. Would es más usual
y suele utilizarse con todos los pronombres.

Los verbos auxiliares cumplen una importante función en el idioma inglés, pues sirven para
formar los tiempos compuestos, la voz pasiva, el futuro y el condicional. También algunas
formas auxiliares se emplean para formar la interrogación, la negación, etc.

Conjugación:
a) Formamos la negación añadiendo 'not' a la forma afirmativa:
I am / Yo soy I am not / Yo no soy
b) La interrogación se forma invirtiendo el sujeto y el verbo:
I am / Yo soy am I? / ¿Soy yo?
c) Admiten la forma contraída:
I am = I'm ; I do not = I don't

Funciones:
a) Construcción de la forma interrogativa.
Cuando la pregunta se formula en tiempo presente, generalmente se antepone el verbo
auxiliar 'do', que adquiere la forma 'did' cuando la pregunta se formula en tiempo pasado
simple.
Do you play? / ¿Juegas?
Did you play? / ¿Jugaste?
Las formas de futuro se forman con 'shall' y 'will', mientras que el presente progresivo se
forma con el verbo 'to be'
 Will you play? / ¿Jugarás?
 Are you playing? / ¿Estás jugando?

b) Construcción de la forma negativa:

La estructura de la forma negativa es 'auxiliar' + 'not'
 I do not play / Yo no juego
 We will not play / No jugaremos
 They are not playing / No están jugando

c) Respuestas cortas: (Short answers)

Do you play? - Yes, I do / ¿Juegas? - Sí, juego

Elaborado por: Ximena Alvarado Collao 13

 UNIVERSIDAD ARCIS / / ESCUELA DE INGLÉS
TENSES Teacher: Ximena Alvarado
d) Preguntas coletilla: (Tag questions)
Equivalen a las expresiones españolas ¿verdad?, ¿no es así?, etc. que se añaden cuando
formulamos una pregunta y queremos conocer la opinión de la otra persona.
En el caso del inglés, esta construcción tiene una forma particular que es la siguiente:

1. Si la respuesta que se espera es afirmativa: auxiliar + sujeto + not + ?

You are rich, are you not? / Es usted rico, ¿verdad? (¿no lo es?)
2. Si la respuesta que se espera es negativa: auxiliar + sujeto + ?
You are not rich, are you? / Usted no es rico, ¿verdad? (¿lo es?)

e) Forman ciertos tiempos de futuro ('will', 'shall'), pasado ('did') etc:

He will play / Él jugará

f) Reemplazan a otro verbo, evitando su repetición:

John didn't go and neither did I / John no fue y yo tampoco.

Types of Verbs
Itis extremely important to understand that NOT all English verbs are the same. English
verbs are divided into three groups:

Group I Continuous Verbs

The first group, called "Continuous Verbs", contains most English verbs. These verbs are
usually physical actions which you can see somebody doing. These verbs can be used in all
tenses.

Continuous Verbs
to run, to walk, to eat, to fly, to go, to say, to touch etc.

Examples:

I eat dinner every day. Correct

I am eating dinner now. Correct

Group II Non-continuous Verbs

The second group, called "Non-continuous Verbs", is smaller. These verbs are usually things
you cannot see somebody doing. These verbs are rarely used in "continuous" tenses. They
include:

Abstract Verbs
to be, to want, to cost, to seem, to need, to care, to contain, to owe, to exist...

Possession Verbs
to possess, to own, to belong...

Elaborado por: Ximena Alvarado Collao 14

 UNIVERSIDAD ARCIS / / ESCUELA DE INGLÉS
TENSES Teacher: Ximena Alvarado
Emotion Verbs
to like, to love, to hate, to dislike, to fear, to envy, to mind...

Examples:

He is here now. Correct

He is being here now. Not Correct

He wants a drink now. Correct

He is wanting a drink now. Not Correct

Group III Mixed Verbs

The third group, called "Mixed Verbs", is the smallest group. These verbs have more than
one meaning. Some meanings behave like "Non-continuous Verbs", while other meanings
behave like "Continuous Verbs."

Mixed Verbs
to have, to appear, to see, to hear, to feel, to weigh, to look ...

List of Mixed Verbs with Examples and Definitions:

to appear:
Donna appears confused. Non-continuous Verb
(Donna seems confused.)

My favorite singer is appearing at the jazz club tonight. Continuous Verb

(My favorite singer is giving a performance at the jazz club tonight.)

to have:
I have a dollar now. Non-continuous Verb
(I possess a dollar.)
I am having fun now. Continuous Verb
(I am experiencing fun now.)

to hear:
She hears the music. Non-continuous Verb
(She hears the music with her ears.)
She is hearing voices. Continuous Verb
(To hear something others cannot hear. She is hearing voices in her mind.)

to miss:
John misses Sally. Non-continuous Verb
(He is sad because she is not there.)
Debbie is missing her favorite TV program. Continuous Verb
(She is not there to see her favorite program.)

to see:
I see her. Non-continuous Verb
(I see her with my eyes.)

Elaborado por: Ximena Alvarado Collao 15

 UNIVERSIDAD ARCIS / / ESCUELA DE INGLÉS
TENSES Teacher: Ximena Alvarado
I am seeing the doctor. Continuous Verb
(To visit or consult with a doctor, dentist, or lawyer.)
I am seeing her. Continuous Verb
(I am having a relationship with her.)
He is seeing ghosts at night. Continuous Verb
(To see something others cannot see. For example ghosts, aura, a vision of the future etc.)
to smell:
The coffee smells good. Non-continuous Verb
(The coffee has a good smell.)
I am smelling the flowers. Continuous Verb
(I am sniffing the flowers.)

to taste:
The coffee tastes good. Non-continuous Verb
(The coffee has a good taste.)
I am tasting the cake. Continuous Verb
(I am trying the cake to see what it tastes like.)

to think:
He thinks the test is easy. Non-continuous Verb
(He considers the test to be easy.)
She is thinking about the question. Continuous Verb
(She is pondering the question, going over it in her mind.)

to weigh:
The table weighs a lot. Non-continuous Verb
(The table has a great weight.)
She is weighing herself. Continuous Verb
(She is determining her weight.)
Some Verbs Can Be Especially Confusing:

to be:
Joe is American. Non-continuous Verb
(Joe is an American citizen.)
Joe is being very American. Continuous Verb
(Joe is behaving like a stereotypical American.)

Joe is being very rude. Continuous Verb

(Joe is behaving very rudely. Usually he is not rude.)
Joe is being very formal. Continuous Verb
(Joe is behaving very formally. Usually he is not formal.)

NOTICE: Only rarely is "to be" used in a continuous form. This is most commonly done
when a person is temporarily behaving badly or stereotypically. It can also be used when
someone's behaviour is noticeably different.

to feel:
The massage feels great. Non-continuous Verb
(The massage has a pleasing feeling.)
I don't feel well today. Continuous or Non-continuous Verb

Elaborado por: Ximena Alvarado Collao 16

 UNIVERSIDAD ARCIS / / ESCUELA DE INGLÉS
TENSES Teacher: Ximena Alvarado
I am not feeling well today.
(I am a little sick.)

NOTICE: Feel is very flexible and there is no difference in meaning in the two sentences
above.)

Verb Tense Overview with Examples

Simple Present
I study English everyday.
Present Continuous
I was studying English when I am going to be studying
I am studying English now.
you called yesterday.
Present Perfect
I have studied English in
several different countries.
Present Perfect
Continuous
I have been studying
English for five years.
Simple Past Simple Future
If you are having problems, I
will help you study English.
Two years ago, I studied
I am going to study English
English in England.
next year.
Past Continuous Future Continuous
I will be studying English
when you arrive tonight.
English when you arrive
tonight.
Past Perfect Future Perfect
I will have studied every
tense by the time I finish this
course.
I had studied a little English
I am going to have
before I moved to the U.S.
studied every tense by the
time I finish this course.
Past Perfect Continuous Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been studying
English for over two hours by
the time you arrive.
I had been studying English
I am going to have been
for five years before I moved
studying English for over
to the U.S.
two hours by the time you
arrive.

LOS VERBOS REFLEXIVOS

- Un verbo es reflexivo, (en inglés al igual que en español), cuando la acción del sujeto
recae sobre este mismo. Por lo tanto, salvo algunas excepciones de verbos que siempre son
reflexivos (to pride oneself, to absent oneself...) el resto de los verbos pueden ser reflexivos
o no dependiendo de su función en la oración.
To wash / lavar
To wash oneself / lavarse

- Existen algunos verbos reflexivos en español que no lo son en inglés.

Elaborado por: Ximena Alvarado Collao 17

 UNIVERSIDAD ARCIS / / ESCUELA DE INGLÉS
TENSES Teacher: Ximena Alvarado
To get up / levantarse
To sit down / sentarse
To wake up / despertarse

- No siempre es necesario conjugar algunos verbos en su forma reflexiva.

In the morning, I wash myself and I shave myself / Por la mañana, yo me lavo y me
afeito
Es más correcto decir: In the morning, I wash and shave

- Conjugación de los verbos reflexivos en inglés:

To wash oneself / Lavarse
I wash myself yo me lavo
you wash yourself tú te lavas
he washes himself él se lava
she washes herself ella se lava
it washes itself se lava (animal, cosa)
we wash ourselves nosotros nos lavamos
you wash yourselves vosotros os laváis
they wash themselves ellos se lavan

The uses of the Simple, Continuous, Perfect, and Perfect Continuous tenses are summarized
in the following table.

The Uses of the English Tenses

Type of Tense Type of Action Expressed

Simple - actions occurring at regular intervals
- general truths, or situations existing for a period of time
- non-continuous actions

Continuous - continuous, ongoing actions

Perfect - non-continuous actions completed before a certain time

Perfect Continuous - continuous, ongoing actions completed before a certain time

Elaborado por: Ximena Alvarado Collao 18