MISSING NOTES

BFC 10403 FLUID MECHANICS

PRESSURE DROP
■ The pressure drop ΔP is directly related to the power
requirements of the fan or pump to maintain the flow.

Darcy-Weisbach fL V 2
PL  (laminar and turbulent flow)
equation: D 2
Hagen-Poiseuille 32LV
equation:
P  2
(laminar flow)
D

2
 Flowrate (Q) for laminar flow using Hagen-Poiseuille equation:
■ Horizontal Pipe:
PD 2 PD 4
Vavg  and Q
32L 128L

 Inclined Pipe:
(P  gLsin )D 2 (P  gL sin )D 4
Vavg  and Q
32L 128L

3
EXAMPLE 4.3 (ΔP and H.P)
SAE oil flows 10 L/s through 150 mm diameter and 40 m long
pipe. Assumed the flow is laminar, determine ΔP in the
pipeline using Hagen-Poiseuille and Darcy-Weisbach
equations (µ = 8.14 x 10-2 Pa.s, ρ =869 kg/m3)

Q 10x103
V  2
 0.566m / s
A  0.15 
 
 2 
VD  869  x0.566x0.15
Re   2
 906.36  2, 000
 8.14x10
the flow is laminar

4
Hagen-Poiseuille equation:

32LV 32(8.14x102 )(40)(0.566)

P  2
 2
 2.62kPa
D 0.15

Darcy-Weisbach
equation:
64 64
Friction factor: f   0.0706
Re 906.36

fL V 2  0.0706  (40) (869)(0.566) 2

PL    2.62kPa
D 2 0.15 2

5
EXAMPLE 4.4 (Q and H.P)
Oil is flowing steadily through a 5 cm diameter along 40 m
pipe. The pressure at the inlet and outlet pipe are 745 kPa
and 97 kPa, respectively. Assume the flow is laminar,
determine the flow rate of oil if pipe is

(a) horizontal
(b) inclined 15o upward from horizontal axis
(c) inclined 15o downward from horizontal axis
(ρ = 869 kg/m3 and µ = 0.8 kg/m.s)

6
ΔP = P1 – P2 = 745 – 97 = 648 kPa, D = 5 cm = 0.05 m
(a) horizontal
PD 4 (648k)(0.05) 4
Q   3.11x103 m3 / s
128L 128(0.8)(40)

(b) inclined 15o upward from horizontal axis

(P  gLsin )D 4 (648k  869x9.81x40sin15o ) 0.054
Q   2.68x103 m3 / s
128L 128(0.8)(40)

(c) inclined 15o downward from horizontal axis

(P  gLsin )D 4 (648k  869x9.81x40sin(15o ))0.054

Q   3.53x103 m3 / s
128L 128(0.8)(40)