DESIGN OF 225KL ZINC ALUME (ZnAl)

ELEVATED WATER STORAGE TANK

with 10,12, 14, 16, 18 & 20m RCC concrete staging

PROJECT : SWSM Project ( JJM )

UTTAR PRADESH

UNDER JAL JEEVAN PROGRAMME (JJM)

MINISTRY OF JAL SHAKTI

GOYAL STEEL TANK

07-11-2023
Tank Properties
Capacity of tank = 225.00 KL
Tank Diameter = 9.230 m
Tank Height = 4.250 m
Free Board = 0.360 m
Overflow Height = 3.740 m
Dead Storage = 0.150 m
Staging Height = 20.000 m

Wind Parameter
Wind Zone = IV
Basic Wind Speed = 47 m/s
Risk Cofficient (k1) = 1.07
Terrain category for (k2) factor = Category 2
Topograhy factor(k3) = 1
Importance factor for cyclonic Region(k4) = 1.2

Seismic Parameter
Seismic Zone = III
Zone factor = 0.16
Design horizontal seismic coefficient Ah = [(Z/2)(I/R)/ (Sa/g)]
Response Reduction factor R = 4
Importance factor I = 1.5
Damping = 0.05
Soil Type = Medium

Material Properties
Wall Shell Material-G300 = Zincalume
Fu = 340.00 N/mm2
Fy = 300.00 N/mm2

Roof Sheet Material-G550 = Zincalume

Fu = 550.00 N/mm2
Fy = 550.00 N/mm2

Page 1
Bolts
M10 Dia_Grade 10.9 Fu = 1000.00 N/mm2
Fy = 900.00 N/mm2

Anchor Fastener
M16 Dia_Grade 5.8 Fu = 500.00 N/mm2
Fy = 400.00 N/mm2

Page 2
 Wind load Calculation
Preliminary Data
Wind Zone = IV
Basic Wind Speed Considered , V b = 47.00 m/s
Terrain Category = Category 2
Staging Height = 20 m
Diameter of tank = 9.23 m
height of tank = 4.25 m

Design Factor
Risk Coefficient Factor, k 1 = 1.07
Terrain and Height Factor, k 2
For 0m to 10m = 1.00
For 10m to 15m = 1.05
For 15m to 20m = 1.07
For 20m to 30m = 1.12
Topography Factor, k 3 = 1.00
Importance Factor for Cyclonic Region, k 4 = 1.20

Design Wind Pressure

Design Wind Speed, V z
Wind Pressure, p z
Design Wind Pressure, p
Where,
= Vb xk1 xk2 xk3 xk4 = 60.35 x k 2 m/s
= 0.6 V z 2
= Kd Kz Kc pz
Wind directionality factor , K d = 1.00
Area averaging factor , K a = 1.00 ( Staging )
= 0.89 ( Tank )
Combination factor , K c = 1.00

Wind Load Calculation

Height From Pz Pd
K2 Vz (m/s) Remark
Ground,m (kN/m2) (KN/m2)

Up to 10m 1.00 60.35 2.19 2.185

2.502 For staging
20.00 1.07 64.57 2.50
2.238 For tank

24.25 1.09 65.85 2.60 2.328

Page 3
Wind Load on shell
F = ( Cpe - Cpi) x A x Pd = -87.02 kN
-52.21 kN
Where,
Cpe = External Pressure Co-efficient = -0.8
Cpi = Internal Presuure Co-efficient = 0.2
-0.2
A = Surface area of structural elements = 37.3815 m2

Wind Load on Roof

P = 0.785 x D2 x ( Cpe - Cpi) x Pd = -147.91 kN
-85.63 kN
Where,
Cpe = External Pressure Co-efficient = -0.75
Cpi = Internal Presuure Co-efficient = 0.2
-0.2
D = Diameter of tank = 9.23 m

Wind Overturning Moment

Mw = Pd x cf x D x H2/2 = 135.84 kN-m

Wind Base shear

V = 63.93 kN

Page 4
 Seismic Analysis

Preliminary Data

Geometry = Circular
Configuration = Elevated
Tank inner Diameter,D = 9.23 m
Tank Height = 4.25 m
Max. Depth of liquide, h = 3.74 m
h/D = 0.41
Seismic Zone = III
Zone factor = 0.16
Response Reduction factor R = 4
Importance factor I = 1.5
Soil Type = Medium
Number of sheet per ring = 11 Nos
Vetical overlap = 200 mm
Length of single sheet = 2.835 m
Height of ring = 1220 mm

Weight Calculations

Weight CG Weight x CG
Components Calculation
( kN ) (m) (kN-m )

4th Ring 11 x 0.001 x 2.835 x 1.22 x 78.5 2.99 3.74 11.15

3rd Ring 11 x 0.0012 x 2.835 x 1.22 x 78.5 3.58 2.70 9.66
2nd Ring 11 x 0.0016 x 2.835 x 1.22 x 78.5 4.78 1.65 7.86
1st Ring 11 x 0.0024 x 2.835 x 1.22 x 78.5 7.17 0.56 4.01
Roof 5.00 4.55 22.73

Total 23.52 55.41

Total weight of Empty container = 23.52 kN

Height of CG of Empty container above top of circular ring Beam = 2.36 m

Page 5
 Calculation for weight of staging :

Weight
Components Calculation
( kN )

Columns H x 0.45 x 0.45 x 20 x 8 x 25/4 636.17

Braces 8 x 0.3 x 0.6 x 5 x 3.09 x 25 554.79
Ground Beam 8 x 0.3 x 0.6 x 3.09 x 25 110.96
Slab & balcony H x 11.23 x 11.23 x 0.2 x 25/4 495.24
Stair Flight 1 to 9 3 x 0.150 x 1 x 25 X 9 101.25
Stair Flight 10 5.657 x 0.150 x 1 x 25 21.21
Total 1919.63

Parameters of Two Mass Idealization Model

Total weight of water = 2454.91 kN = 2454910 N

Volume of Water = 2454.91 / 9.81 = 250.25 m3
Mass of water, m = 250245.7 kg
Inner Diameter of tank, D = 9.23 m
Max. Depth of liquid, h = 4.25 m

For h/D = 4.25 / 9.23 = 0.46

m i /m = 0.508 mi = 127124.80 kg
m c /m = 0.467 mc = 116864.73 kg
h i /h = 0.375 hi = 1.59 m
h i */h = 0.86 hi* = 3.66 m
h c /h = 0.593 hc = 2.52 m
h c */h = 0.82 hc* = 3.49 m

Mass of Empty Container + 1/3 of Staging ms = 67624.17 kg

Lateral Stiffness of Staging

Deflection of CG of tank due to an arbitrary 10 kN force is = 1.572E-03 m

Hence, Lateral Stiffness of one Frame Staging = 10/0.001572 = 6361.32 kN/m
Hence, Total Lateral Stiffness Ks = 6361.32 kN/m

Page 6
Time Period

Time Period of Impulsive Mode,

Ti = 2π mi +ms = 1.10 sec

Ks

Time Period of Convective Mode,

Tc = Cc D = 3.29 sec
g

Design Horizontal Seismic Coefficient

Design Seismic coefficient for impulsive mode,

= 0.16
2 = 1.50
= 4.00
= 1.100 sec
= 0.052 = Medium

1.73

Design Seismic coefficient for convective mode,

= 0.16
2 = 1.50
= 4.00
= 3.29 sec
= 0.022 = Medium

0.72

Page 7
Base Shear

Base Shear for Impulsive Mode,

Vi = (A h ) i (m i +m s ) g

= 0.052 x (127124.8 + 67624.17) x 9.81

= 99.21 kN

Base Shear for Convective Mode,

Vc = (A h ) c m c g

= 0.022 x 116864.73 x 9.81

= 24.91 kN

Total Base Shear at Base,

V = Vi2 + Vc2

= 102.29 kN

Base Moment

Overturning Moment at Base of tank for Impulsive Mode,

Mi* = (A h ) i [ m i ( h i * +h s )+m s h cg ] g

= 0.052 x [127124.8 x (3.66+0)+67624.17 x 2.36] x 9.81

= 318.19 kN.m

Overturning Moment at Base of tank for Convective Mode,

Mc* = (A h ) c m c ( h c * +h s ) g

= 0.022 x 116864.73 x (3.49+0) x 9.81

= 86.93 kN.m

Total Overturning Moment at base of Staging,

M* = Mi*2 + Mc*2

= 329.85 kN.m

Page 8
Hydrodynamic Pressure

Impulsive Hydrodynamic Pressure :

Pressure on Wall,

P iw (y) = Q iw (y) (A h ) i ρ g h cos ф

Where,
Q iw (y) = 0.866 [1 -( y / h) 2 ] tanh (0.866* D / h)

Maximum Pressure will occur at φ = 0

At Base of Wall, y = 0
Q iw(y=0) = 0.866 x [1-(0/4.25)^2] x tanh(0.866 x 9.23/4.25)
= 0.827

P iw (y=0) = 0.827 x 0.052 x 1000 x 9.81 x 4.25 x cos(0)

= 1.790 kN/m2

Pressure on Base Slab (y = 0),

P ib = 0.866 (A h ) i p g h sinh(0.866 x/h)/cosh(0.866 l'/h)
= 0.866 x 0.052 x 1000 x 9.81 x 4.25 x {sinh(0.866 x 9.23/2 x 4.25)/cosh(0.866 x 9.23/2 x 4.25)}
= 1.379 kN/m2

Convective Hydrodynamic Pressure :

Pressure on Wall,

P cw (y) = Q cw (y) (A h ) c ρ g D [1- 1/3 cos2ф] cos ф

Where,
Q cw (y) = 0.5625 cosh (3.674 y/D)/cosh(3.674h /D)

Maximum Pressure will occur at φ = 0

At Base of Wall, y = 0
Q cw(y=0) = 0.5625*cosh(0)/cosh(3.674*4.25/9.23)
= 0.200

Page 9
 At top of Water Height, y = h = 4.25 m
Q cw (y=h) = 0.563

P cw (y=0) = 0.2 x 0.022 x 1000 x 9.81 x 9.23 x 0.67 x 1

= 0.264 kN/m2
P cw (y=h) = 0.563 x 0.02 x 1000 x 9.81 x 9.23 x 0.67 x 1
= 0.741 kN/m2

Pressure on Slab,
P cb = Q cb (x) (A h ) c ρ g D
Where,
Q cb (x) = 1.125[x/D – 4/3 (x/D) 3] sech (3.674 h/D)
Consider x as D/2 = 4.62 m
Q cb (x) = 1.125 x [4.615/9.23-4/3 x (4.615/9.23)^3] x sech(3.674 x 4.25/9.23)
= 0.134

P cb = 0.134 x 0.02 x 1000 x 9.81 x 9.23

= 0.263 kN/m2

Pressure Due to Wall Inertia

P ww = (A h ) i t ρ m g
= 0.260 kN/m2

Pressure due to Vertical Excitation

Pv = (A v ) [ρ g h ( 1- y / h )]
Where, Consider Time Period as 0.3 sec
= 0.16
2 ZxIxSa = 1.5
Av =
3 2xRxg = 4

= 2.50
= 0.050

Pv = 0.05 x [1000 x 9.81 x 4.25*(1-0/4.25)]

= 2.085 kN/m2

Page 10
Maximum Hydrodynamic Pressure

P = (p iw +p ww ) 2 + p cw 2 + p v 2

= (1.79 + 0.26)^2 + 0.264^2 + 2.085^2

= 2.940 kN/m2 ( This Load apply on cylindical wall in STAAD )

2
Hydrostatic pressure acting on wall Pst = 41.69 kN/m
Hydrodynamic pressure acting on wall P = 2.94 kN/m2

Hydrodynamic check at evry mt depth

p st p dyn
y from top Q iw p iw Q cw p cw pv 2 % Ratio
(kN/m ) (kN/m 2 )

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.563 0.741 0.000 0.000 0.786

1.030 0.352 0.762 0.389 0.513 0.505 10.104 1.250 12.371
2.080 0.611 1.323 0.280 0.369 1.020 20.405 1.919 9.404
3.130 0.769 1.665 0.221 0.291 1.535 30.705 2.479 8.075
4.250 0.827 1.790 0.200 0.264 2.085 41.693 2.935 7.040

Page 11
Analysis for Tank Empty Condition

For empty condition, tank will be considered as single degree of freedom system.

Mass of Empty Container + 1/3 of Staging ms = 67624.17 kg

Lateral Stiffness Ks = 6361.32 kN/m

Time Period

T= Ti = 2π ms = 0.648 sec
Ks

Empty tank will not have convective mode of vibration.

Design Horizontal Seismic Coefficient

ZxIxSa = 0.16
Ah =
2xRxg = 1.50
= 4.00

= 2.099
Ah = 0.063

Base Shear

Total base shear,

V = Ah ms g
= 41.794 kN

Page 12
 Truss Design

FEM Results from Tank Roof Truss STAAD model

Geometry of roof truss

3D View

Page 13
 Member Properties

Member Properties assiged in STAAD

R1 = TUBE 40 X 40 X 3.2 as Bottom Chord Members
R2 = TUBE 40 X 40 X 3.2 as TopChord Members
R3 = ISA 40x40x4 as Vertical Braces and Purlin Members
R4 = Plate 40x5 as Diagonal Braces

Page 14
 Loading

Utilization Ratio

Page 15
 Shell Design
Thickness Calculation

Hw Hydro Hydro
Impulsive Convective Vertical Total
From static Dyanamic
Ring Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure
Top Pressure Prssure

(m) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

R4 1.030 10.30 0.76 0.51 0.51 1.05 11.35

R3 2.080 20.80 1.32 0.37 1.02 1.71 22.51
R2 3.130 31.30 1.67 0.29 1.54 2.28 33.58
R1_Bottom 4.250 42.50 1.79 0.26 2.08 2.76 45.26

Shell Thickness Calculation ( Sample )

Total Pressure, P = 45.26 kN/m2

Tensile strength of corrugated shell material = 0.6 x fy
σa = 180.00 N/mm2

= 1.80E+05 kN/m2

Thickness Required = 1.16 mm

2

Thick. Thick.
Ring Reqd Prod

(mm) (mm)

R4 0.29 1.00
R3 0.58 1.20
R2 0.86 1.60
R1_Bottom 1.16 2.40

Page 16
STAAD FEM MODEL

3D View

Shell Properties

Page 17
Shell Properties

Page 18
 Plate stress due to Horizonatal pressure ( Water )

Check for plate stress due to water pressure

Hw THK Allowable
Height of Sy
From of stress
Ring Ring (From STAAD)
Check
Top Ring 0.6Fy

(m) (mm) (mm) (N/mm2) (N/mm2)

R4 Fourth Ring 1.030 1.000 1030.00 12.30 180.00 OK

R3 Third Ring 2.080 1.200 1050.00 49.00 180.00 OK
R2 Second Ring 3.130 1.600 1050.00 66.18 180.00 OK
R1_Bottom First Ring 4.250 2.400 1120.00 84.54 180.00 OK

Page 19
 Plate stress due to Wind Pressure

Check for plate stress due to wind pressure

Hw THK Allowable
Height of Sx
From of stress
Ring Ring (From STAAD)
Check
Top Ring 0.6Fy

(m) (mm) (mm) (N/mm2) (N/mm2)

R4 Fourth Ring 1.030 1.000 1030.00 1.99 180.00 OK

R3 Third Ring 2.080 1.200 1050.00 8.29 180.00 OK
R2 Second Ring 3.130 1.600 1050.00 15.59 180.00 OK
R1_Bottom First Ring 4.250 2.400 1120.00 20.05 180.00 OK

Page 20
 Plate stress due to Seismic pressure

Check for plate stress due to Seismic pressure

Hw THK Allowable
Height of Sx
From of stress
Ring Ring (From STAAD)
Check
Top Ring 0.6Fy

(m) (mm) (mm) (N/mm2) (N/mm2)

R4 Fourth Ring 1.030 1.000 1030.00 22.06 180.00 OK

R3 Third Ring 2.080 1.200 1050.00 59.09 180.00 OK
R2 Second Ring 3.130 1.600 1050.00 74.11 180.00 OK
R1_Bottom First Ring 4.250 2.400 1120.00 91.06 180.00 OK

Page 21
Wall Buckling due to wind

As per Code AS 2304 -2011 Sec 5.2.2 tank with liners,the minimum base metal thickness for profiled wall
bolted steel tank wall plates shall be 0.8 mm.

Buckling Pressure shall be determined from the following eq. 5.3.2.3

FOR NON UNIFORM ORTHOTROPIC TANK (i.e.profiled differ thick for the height of the tank),
Ring Thickness
R1 2.40 mm
R2 1.60 mm
R3 1.20 mm
R4 1.00 mm

b = 75 mm
d = 17 mm

)
% % % %
$
! " $ & ' '" $ ! &
#
( ( ( % %
$ " 2 " & $ & " " $
(2 (
" $ * "* &
Where
R = Tank radius
E = Young's modulus
l = Height of buckle, in meter
m = Number of buckling wavelenght around the tank circumference
t = Base metal thickness of the wall sheet joined at a vertical seam
* , ", "* = Equivalent membrane properties per unit projected width
*, ", "* = Equivalent flexure properties per unit projected width

The Equivalent membrane properties shall be determined by the following equations :

2 #
*
3- %

$ %-%
" 1(
40 %

"*
$ %-%
1(
40 %

Page 22
The Equivalent flexural properties shall be determined by the following equations :
-% $ %-%
* 1(
8 80 %
#

12
"
$ %-%
1(
40 %
# $ %-%
"* 1(
3 40 %

Thickness * " "* * " "*

Ring
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)

R4 1.00 0.0023 1.0807 0.9253 38.41 0.0740 0.3756

R3 1.20 0.0040 1.2968 1.1104 46.10 0.1278 0.6490
R2 1.60 0.0094 1.7291 1.4805 61.46 0.3029 1.5384
R1 ( Bottom ) 2.40 0.0319 2.5937 2.2208 92.20 1.0224 5.1922

Shell ht m Pc Pf Pw
Ring Check
( mm ) ( Nos ) (kPa) (kPa) (kPa)

R4 1030 14 16.10 10.47 2.33 OK

R3 2080 10 7.01 4.56 2.33 OK
R2 3130 9 5.64 3.66 2.33 OK
R1 ( Bottom ) 4250 8 5.96 3.87 2.33 OK

As limit state of Buckling pressure ( Pf ) , is greater than wind action on each ring, there is no need of
horizonatal stiffeners in any ring.

Page 23
 Anchor Bolt Design

Wind
Shear = 63.93 kN
Moment = 135.84 kN-m
Seismic
Shear = 102.29 kN
Moment = 329.85 kN-m

PDC of anchor bolt, D = 9.47 m

Max. Moment, M = 329.85 kN-m
Nos. of Anchor Bolts, N = 44 Nos.
Uplift per Bolts ( Ps = 4M/ND) = 3.17 kN

Dia of anchor bolt = 16 mm

ϒmo = 1.1
ϒmb = 1.25
Tension Capcity of single Bolts Tdb = 73.11 kN
For M-25 Grade of concrete Ʈbd = 1.4 N/mm2

1.5 X Tension in single bolt

Length of Bolts = = 67.49 mm
H x do x bond stress

Provide Embedment Length = 175.00 mm

Page 24
 Bolt Design

Bolt Properties

Size = 10.00 mm
Material Grade = Grade 10.9
Fub = 1000.00 N/mm2
Fyb = 900.00 N/mm2
Shear Capacity of bolt
2345 2645 /895
2645 :; /√3 = >6 65 ( >4 45

Bearing Capacity of bolt

23?5 26?5 /895
26?5 2.5 B5 - C;
Where,
Fub =Ultimate tensile strength of a bolt, in Mpa = 1000.00 N/mm2
Fu =Ultimate tensile strength of a plate, in Mpa = 340.00 N/mm2
d =Nominal diameter of the bolt, in mm = 10.00 mm
d0 =Nominal diameter of the holes, in mm = 12.00 mm
t =Thickness of the thinner connected part or sheet, in mm
nn =No of shear planes with threads intercepting shear plane, = 1.00
ns =No of shear planes without threads intercepting shear plane = 0.00
2
Asb =Nominal plane shank area of the bolt, in mm = 78.54 mm2
Anb =Net shear area of the bolt at threads, in mm 2 = 52.30 mm2
kb =Smaller of e/3d o , p/3d o - 0.25 , f ub /f u , 1.0
e =End distance of the fastener along bearing direction, in mm. = 37.50 mm
p =Pitch distance of the fastener along bearing direction, in mm. = 75.00 mm
ϒmb =Partial safety factor for bolted conn. with bearing type bolts = 1.25

Shear Capacity of bolt

2645 :; /√3 = >6 65 ( >4 45 = 30.19 kN
2345 2645 /895 = 24.15 kN

Page 25
Bearing Capacity of bolt

26?5 2.5 B5 - C; ( for 2.4mm THK) = 20.40 kN

23?5 26?5 /895 = 16.32 kN
26?5 2.5 B5 - C; ( for 2.0mm THK) = 17.00 kN
23?5 26?5 /895 = 13.60 kN
26?5 2.5 B5 - C; ( for 1.6mm THK) = 13.60 kN
23?5 26?5 /895 = 10.88 kN
26?5 2.5 B5 - C; ( for 1.2mm THK) = 10.20 kN
23?5 26?5 /895 = 8.16 kN
26?5 2.5 B5 - C; ( for 0.8mm THK) = 6.80 kN
23?5 26?5 /895 = 5.44 kN

Vertical Lapping

P Area Pbolt
Load
Ring Total Bolts Load/Bolt Pbolts<Vdsb Pbolts<Vdpb
kN/m2 m2 kN

R4 11.35 66.91 759.33 330.00 2.30 OK OK

R3 22.51 66.91 1506.22 330.00 4.56 OK OK
R2 33.58 66.91 2247.10 330.00 6.81 OK OK
R1 ( Bottom ) 45.26 66.91 3028.37 330.00 9.18 OK OK

Horizontal Lapping

Maximum force will be between RING1 & RING2

Maximum Pressure = 33.58 kN/m2

Area = 2.17 m2
Total Force = 73.04 kN
Total Number of Bolts = 165.00 Nos
Bolt Force = 0.44 kN OK

Bolt force is less than the capacity of M10 bolts in shear & Bearing.

Page 26