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 TO OUR READERS AND COLLABORATORS
The journal was founded in March 1999 under the coordination of col. (r.) prof. Vasile LĂPĂDUŞI
and is issued by the Romanian Forensic Scientists Association, acknowledged by the Romanian
Government as being of public utility by Decision no. 1240/2005; Fiscal Registration Code: 14523220;
IBAN code RO58RNCB0080005641990006-BCR “Sala Palatului” Branch, Bucharest; Trademark
Registration Certificate at O.S.I.M. no. 78602.
Editor: Romanian Forensic Scientists Association, Calea Victoriei no. 216, district 1, Bucharest
Phone: 0725.579.334; 0722.698.451
Those who would like to publish articles in the journal, will send the article in electronic format (doc
or docx extension), to the e-mail address acr.criminalistilor@gmail.com. Articles will be written in
accordance with the journal's editorial instructions, which can be accessed on the ACR website or
obtained from the ACR secretariat.
The opinions, theoretical and practical solutions presented in the published articles belong exclusively
to the authors.
The Romanian and English versions of the journal (Revista Română de Criminalistică and Romanian
Journal of Forensic Science) can be found on the association's website: www.asociatiacriminalistilor.ro.
The Romanian Journal of Forensic Science is available on the website journals.indexcopernicus.com
The Visa for Printing is issued by the Editor-in-Chief

JOURNAL ACREDITATION
The journal is indexed in the international databases acknowledged for the field of Legal Sciences, according
to Annex no. 24 of the Order of the Minister of National Education and Scientific Research no. 6129/2016

Professor Vasile LĂPĂDUŞI, Honorary Member, Founding Member and Former Secretary General of the
Romanian Forensic Scientists Association, Founding Member of the Romanian Journal of Forensic Science
Professor Emilian STANCU, Faculty of Law, University of Bucharest, Honorary Member, Founding
Member and Former President of the Romanian Forensic Scientists Association
Editor-in-Chief: Executive Editors:
Professor Gheorghe POPA, Faculty of Law, Professor Adrian-Cristian MOISE, Faculty of Legal,
Romanian-American University of Bucharest, Ph.D. Economic and Administrative Sciences in Craiova,
Supervisor at the “Titu Maiorescu” of Bucharest “Spiru Haret” University of Bucharest, Chair of the
Doctoral School of Law, Founding Member and University Education Department within the Romanian
Forensic Scientists Association
President of the Romanian Forensic Scientists Professor Nicoleta-Elena HEGHEŞ, Faculty of Legal
Association, Founding Member of the Romanian and Administrative Sciences, “Dimitrie Cantemir”
Journal of Forensic Science, First Vice President of the Christian University of Bucharest, Vice-chair of the
Forensic Experts Corps from Romania University Education Department within the Romanian
Forensic Scientists Association
Deputy Editor: Professor Gheorghe-Iulian IONIŢĂ, Faculty of Law,
Professor Maria-Georgeta STOIAN, Faculty of Romanian-American University of Bucharest, Member
Law, “Titu Maiorescu” University of Bucharest, of the Romanian Forensic Scientists Association
Forensic Expert, Secretary General of the Professor Ancuţa-Elena FRANŢ, Faculty of Law,
Romanian Forensic Scientists Association “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University in Iaşi, Member of
the Romanian Forensic Scientists Association

I.S.S.N. 2069-2617

FORENSIC SCIENCE NO. 1-2020 (125), OCTOBER 2020, VOL. XXI 1

 Associate Editors:
Professor Gheorghe ALECU, Faculty of Legal and
Economic Sciences in Constanţa, “Spiru Haret”
University of Bucharest, Member of the Romanian
Forensic Scientists Association
Professor Bogdan BUNECI, Faculty of Law,
Ecological University of Bucharest, Member of the
Romanian Forensic Scientists Association
Professor Gabriela-Constanţa MATEI, Faculty of
Law, Ecological University of Bucharest, Founding
Member of the Romanian Forensic Scientists Association
Professor Mihail GHEORGHIŢĂ, Faculty of Law,
State University of Moldova
Professor Pavel TAL, Head of Cybersecurity Studies-
Information Systems Program, School of Economics and
Management, The Academic College of Tel Aviv-Yaffo,
Israel
Anya Louise HUNT, Ph.D., President of the „Chartered
Society of Forensic Sciences”, Great Britain
Editorial Board:
Professor Petre BUNECI, Faculty of Law, Ecological
University of Bucharest, First Vice-president of the
Romanian Forensic Scientists Association
Professor Dan VOINEA, Dean of the Faculty of Law
and Economic Sciences in Târgu Jiu, “Titu Maiorescu”
University of Bucharest, Founding Member and Vice-
president of the Romanian Forensic Scientists Association
Professor Nicolae MĂRGĂRIT, Faculty of Law,
Bioterrra University of Bucharest, Vice-president of the
Romanian Forensic Scientists Association
Professor Elena–Ana IANCU, Dean of the Faculty of
Legal and Administrative Sciences, Agora University in
Oradea, Chair of the Forensic Methodology Department
within the Romanian Forensic Scientists Association
Professor Tudorel-Severin BUTOI, Faculty of Legal,
Economic and Administrative Sciences, “Spiru Haret”
University of Bucharest, Founding Member of the
Romanian Forensic Scientists Association
Professor Constantin DUVAC, Dean of the Faculty of
Law, Romanian-American University of Bucharest,
Member and Former President of the Romanian Forensic
Scientists Association
Professor Viorel VASILE, Faculty of Legal Sciences,
“Hyperion” University of Bucharest, Member of the
Romanian Forensic Scientists Association
Professor Gheorghe GOLUBENCO, Faculty of Law,
Free International University of Moldova
Professor Csaba KISS, Faculty of Psychology, “Titu
Maiorescu” University of Bucharest, Forensic Psychologist,
Member of the Romanian Forensic Scientists Association
Professor Cristian STAN, Faculty of Medicine, “Titu
Maiorescu” University of Bucharest, Forensic
Physician/Medical Examiner at the “Mina Minovici”
National Institute of Forensic Medicine
Professor Emilian-Alexandru BULEA, Faculty of
Legal and Administrative Sciences, “Valahia” University
in Târgovişte, Member of the Romanian Forensic
Scientists Association
2 FORENSIC SCIENCE NO. 1-2020 (125), OCTOBER 2020, VOL. XXI
Professor Nicolae GAMENŢ, Faculty of Law,
Romanian-American University of Bucharest, Member
of the Romanian Forensic Scientists Association
Professor Cosmin CERNAT, Faculty of Legal and
Administrative Sciences, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” Police
Academy of Bucharest
Military Prosecutor Florin BOBIN, Ph.D., Founding
Member and Chair of the Forensic Tactics Department of
the Romanian Forensic Scientists Association
Forensic Expert Radu DASCĂLU, Vice-president of
the Romanian Forensic Scientists Association, Chief
Evaluator of the RENAR National Accreditation Body
Forensic Expert Ilie-Dragoş NAIBA, Head of the
Forensic Science Department within the Cluj County
Police Inspectorate, Chair of the Forensic Technical
Department within the Romanian Forensic Scientists
Association
Forensic Expert Constantin MIREA, Ph.D., National
Institute of Forensic Expertise within the Ministry of
Justice, Chair of the Forensic Expertise Department
within the Romanian Forensic Scientists Association
Forensic Expert Florin LĂZĂU, Head of the Forensic
Science Department within the Bihor County Police
Inspectorate, Chair of the Research, Innovation,
Development Department of the Romanian Forensic
Scientists Association
Engineer Anca Elena BĂLAN, Administrator of
“CRONOS” Company, Chair of the Project Preparation and
Implementation Department within the Romanian
Forensic Scientists Association
Forensic Expert Paul CHENDE, Head of the Forensic
Science Department within the Maramureş County
Police Inspectorate, Vice-chair of the Forensic Technical
Department within the Romanian Forensic Scientists
Association
Forensic Expert Ionel NECULA, Ph.D., Vice-chair of
the Project Preparation and Implementation Department
within the Romanian Forensic Scientists Association
Forensic Expert Romeo-Cristian DUGHILĂ, Head of
the Forensic Science Department within the Iaşi County
Police Inspectorate, Member of the Romanian Forensic
Scientists Association
Forensic Expert Mihai-Marius TEODORESCU,
Forensic Science Department within the Cluj County
Police Inspectorate, Member of the Romanian Forensic
Scientists Association
Forensic Expert Mihai-Constantin AVORNICULUI,
Ph.D., Forensic Science Department within the Cluj County
Police Inspectorate, Member of the Romanian Forensic
Scientists Association
Forensic Expert Camelia GRIGORE, National
Institute of Forensic Expertise within the Ministry of
Justice, Member of the Romanian Forensic Scientists
Association
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page TITLE OF THE ARTICLE / AUTHOR(S)

5 Romanian Private Forensic Judicial Expertise, between Reality and Fiction
Gheorghe POPA
Scientific Truth - Utmost Importance Factor in Strenghtening Public Trust
9
in the Judicial System
Ana-Maria GRĂMESCU, Maria-Georgeta STOIAN, Ana Maria Daniela
BARBU
Management of Combating Organised Crime Groups Specialized in Arms
15
Trafficking
Lucian IVAN
23 The Captive State
Vasilica-Leontina TUDOR, Alexei BARBĂNEAGRĂ, Mihnea Claudiu
DRUMEA
32 Punishment vs. Reintegration of the Juvenile Delinquent
Mădălina Elena MASCARELL
Classification and Forensic Characteristics of Road Traffic Accidents:
35
Theoretical and Practical Reflections
Vitalie RUSU
New Investigative Techniques: Regulatory Provisions and Practical
46
Possibilities
Ion COVALCIUC
Theoretical and Practical Reflections on the Use of Audio and Video
50
Recordings in the Crime Scene Investigation
Vitalie JITARIUC
55 Thermal Insulation of Buildings in Case of Fire. Comparative Experiment.
Marian-Bogdan LAMBĂ, Emanuel DARIE, Dragoș-Iulian PAVEL

FORENSIC SCIENCE NO. 1-2020 (125), OCTOBER 2020, VOL. XXI 3

 CUPRINS

Pag. TITLUL ARTICOLULUI / AUTOR(I)

Expertiza criminalistică, judiciară, privată în România între realitate şi
5
ficţiune
Gheorghe POPA
Adevărul științific - factor primordial în consolidarea încrederii persoanei
9
în sistemul judiciar
Ana-Maria GRĂMESCU, Maria-Georgeta STOIAN, Ana Maria Daniela
BARBU
Managementul combaterii grupurilor de crimă organizată specializată în
15
traficul de arme
Lucian IVAN
23 Statul captiv
Vasilica-Leontina TUDOR, Alexei BARBĂNEAGRĂ, Mihnea Claudiu
DRUMEA
32 Sancţionare vs. Reintegrare a delicventului juvenil
Mădălina Elena MASCARELL
Clasificarea şi caracteristica criminalistică a accidentelor de trafic rutier:
35
reflecţii de ordin teoretico-practic
Vitalie RUSU

46 Noi tehnici de investigație: prevederi normative și posibilități practice

Ion COVALCIUC
Reflecții de ordin teoretico-practic privind aplicarea înregistrărilor audio-
50
video la cercetarea locului faptei
Vitalie JITARIUC
55 Izolarea termică a construcţiilor la incendiu. Experiment comparativ
Marian-Bogdan LAMBĂ, Emanuel DARIE, Dragoș-Iulian PAVEL

4 FORENSIC SCIENCE NO. 1-2020 (125), OCTOBER 2020, VOL. XXI

 ROMANIAN PRIVATE FORENSIC JUDICIAL EXPERTISE,
BETWEEN REALITY AND FICTION

University Professor Gheorghe POPA, Ph.D.
5RPDQLDQ$PHULFDQ8QLYHUVLW\RI%XFKDUHVW)DFXOW\RI/DZ
SRSDBJKHRUJKH#\DKRRFRP


ABSTRACT
In this article, we present the results and conclusions flowing a thorough analysis of the national legislation
governing Romanian private forensic judicial expertise, carried out in order to realize how is transposed into practice the
adversarial principle of „equality of arms", between prosecution and defense, between upholding and combating claims,
which must govern the activity of forensic judicial expertise, is applied.
The article refers to the manner, if and how the authorized independent forensic expert is involved, in
accomplishment of the forensic judicial expertise, and how can he perform this kind of expertise at the request of the judicial
bodies or the court; the manner in which the legal provisions regarding the establishment of private forensic laboratories
or professional civil societies have been applied and put into practice, from 2011, until now; as well as the role, the
importance and probative value of extrajudicial forensic expertise in criminal or civil proceedings..

KEYWORDS: expertise, expert, forensics, private, independent, authorized.

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The existence of legal norms regulating
forensic judicial private expertise can lead to the idea
that it is organized and unfolds in its fullness, so it is
a reality

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 SCIENTIFIC TRUTH - UTMOST IMPORTANCE FACTOR IN STRENGHTENING
PUBLIC TRUST IN THE JUDICIAL SYSTEM

University ProfessorEng. Ana-Maria GRĂMESCU, Ph.D.
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Chem. Eng. Maria-Georgeta STOIAN, Ph.D.
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Economist Ana Maria Daniela BARBU Ph.D.
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ABSTRACT
Recent research has shown that forensic expertise in the European Union is particularly important for bodies with
jurisdiction. More than ever, at this stage, the role of judicial experts must be constantly evolving, in a continuous change
marked by cross-border legal and economic relations between European states, and knowledge of the conditions of each
state is very important and necessary in harmonizing legislation, procedures, the initiation of common case law,
harmonized with all policies.
Judicial expertise, as a fundamental act of evidence based on science, is evidence that highlights the scientific truth,
indispensable in civil and criminal proceedings. At the crossroads of science, technology and law - increasingly
controversial, forensic expertise is an interdisciplinary science, influenced by cross-border relations and which, at this
stage, requires common standards, common procedures, a homogeneous European area based on trust, mobility, meant to
contribute to the increase of the quality of the judicial act and at the same time of the citizen's trust in the judicial system.
As a consequence, the judicial expert, both in a civil trial and in a criminal trial, assumes a heterogeneous role,
similar to that of auxiliary of justice, but which also gives him an important position, almost predominant, by the way
highlights the scientific truth, by arguing the opinion, important elements to the judge who is to base his decision in
elucidating the case.
The paper aims to present the importance of highlighting the truth through scientific evidence and complex
interpretations that in many situations are interdisciplinary.

KEYWORDS: forensic expertise, evidence, judicial, scientific truth.



INTRODUCTION
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 MANAGEMENT OF COMBATING ORGANISED CRIME GROUPS
SPECIALIZED IN ARMS TRAFFICKING
Lucian IVAN, Ph.D.
0LQLVWU\RI,QWHUQDO$IIDLUV
LYDQOXFLDQ#JPDLOFRP

ABSTRACT
A more accurate and complete understanding of the full range of Organized Crime Group (OCG)
specialised in arms trafficking is, and will remain, among the highest priorities of law enforcement agencies, in
order to prevent illicit import and export operations.
In this regard, improving abilities to obtain timely and accurate knowledge of adversary’s methods and
strategies constitute a key element for developing law enforcement policies. Another important aspect is
represented by knowing at any moment the level of readiness and complexity of the OCG and to have a hierarchy
of these, to concentrate institutional resources for dismantling the most dangerous ones.
This article presents a new method who analysis the main characteristics of an OCGs and created a model
for establishing a hierarchy of the OCGs.

KEYWORDS: organized crime, arms trafficking, corruption, crime, hierarchy.


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FORENSIC SCIENCE NO. 1-2020 (125), OCTOBER 2020, VOL. XXI 15
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20 FORENSIC SCIENCE NO. 1-2020 (125), OCTOBER 2020, VOL. XXI

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22 FORENSIC SCIENCE NO. 1-2020 (125), OCTOBER 2020, VOL. XXI
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REFERENCES:
 Results of a pilot survey of forty selected
organized criminal groups in sixteen countries
 57 1D\ORU Mafias, Myths and Markets:
On the Theory and Practices of Enterprise Crime
7UDQVQDWLRQDO2UJDQL]HG&ULPH9RO1RS
 3HWHU 5HXWHU Disorganized Crime: Illegal
Markets and the Mafia&DPEULGJH0,73UHVV
S
 57 1D\ORU Wages of Crime: Black
Markets, Illegal Finance and the Underworld
Economy ,WKDFD &RUQHOO 8QLYHUVLW\ 3UHVV  S

 THE CAPTIVE STATE
Mediator, Legal Adviser Vasilica-Leontina TUDOR, Ph.D.
WXGRUOLO\#\DKRRFRP

Attorney University Professor, habil. in law, Alexei BARBĂNEAGRĂ, Ph.D.

0ROGRYD6WDWH8QLYHUVLW\)DFXOW\RI/DZ
DOEDUEDQHDJUD#JPDLOFRP

University Professor Mihnea Claudiu DRUMEA, Ph.D.

)DFXOW\RI/HJDO6FLHQFHVDQG(FRQRPLF6FLHQFHVLQ&RQVWDQța

Associate University Professor Gheorghe ALECU, Ph.D.

)DFXOW\RI/HJDO6FLHQFHVDQG(FRQRPLF6FLHQFHVLQ&RQVWDQța
JKDOHFX#\DKRRFRP

ABSTRACT: A state can be captive only as a result of corruption actions at any organizational level of the state,
which, in fact, is created to serve the interests of the citizen. By corruption the employees of the state actually act against
the interests of the people and the country. Corruption is a deviation from the rational-legal values and principles of the
modern state, and the basic problem is the low responsibility of the governors. In particular in authoritarian countries, the
legal bases, against which corrupt practices are usually evaluated and judged, are weak and furthermore subject to
downright encroachment by the rulers.

KEYWORD: captive, captivity, corruption, state, interest groups, mafia clans, slavery, crime. 


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punishable by imprisonment from 3 to 10 years and the
prohibition of the exercise of certain rights ZLWKDUW
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transportation, transfer, housing or reception of a
person for the purpose of its exploitation, committed: a)
by coercion, abduction, misleading or abuse of
authority; b) taking advantage of the impossibility to
defend or express one's will or the state of obvious
vulnerability of that person; c) by offering, giving,
accepting or receiving money or other benefits in
exchange for the consent of the person who has
authority over that person, shall be punished by
imprisonment from 3 to 10 years and the prohibition of
the exercise of certain rights. (2) Trafficking in human
beings committed by a civil servant in the exercise of
his duties is punishable by imprisonment from 5 to 12
years. (3) The consent of the victim of trafficking is not
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transfer, accommodation or reception of a minor, for
the purpose of his exploitation, is punishable by
imprisonment from 3 to 10 years and the prohibition of
the exercise of certain rights. (2) The penalty is
imprisonment from 5 to 12 years and a ban on
exercising certain rights when: a) the deed was
committed under the conditions of art. 210 para. (1); b)
the deed was committed by a civil servant in the
exercise of his duties; c) the act endangered the minor's
life; d) the deed was committed by a family member of
the minor; e) the act was committed by a person in
whose care, protection, education, guard or treatment
the minor was or by a person who abused his position
of trust or authority over the minor. (3) The consent of
the victim of trafficking is not a justifiable cause@ZLWK
DUW UHJDUGLQJ SLPSLQJ >(1) Determining or
facilitating the practice of prostitution or obtaining
patrimonial benefits from the practice of prostitution by
one or more persons shall be punished by imprisonment
from 2 to 7 years and the prohibition of the exercise of
certain rights. (2) In the case of determination at the
beginning or continuation of the practice of prostitution
was made by coercion, the punishment is imprisonment
from 3 to 10 years and the prohibition of the exercise of
certain rights. (3) If the acts are committed against a
minor, the special limits of the punishment are
increased by half. (4) Practicing prostitution means
having sexual intercourse with different people in order
to obtain patrimonial benefits for oneself or for
another.@ ZLWK DUW UHJDUGLQJ WKH H[SORLWDWLRQ RI
EHJJLQJ >(1) The act of the person who determine a
minor or a person with physical or mental disabilities
to repeatedly appeal to the mercy of the public to ask
for material help or benefit from patrimonial benefits
from this activity is punishable by imprisonment from 6
months to 3 years or fine. (2) If the deed is committed
in the following circumstances: a) by the parent,
guardian, curator or by the caregiver of the person
which begging; b) by coercion, the penalty is
imprisonment from one to 5 years@ ZLWK DUW
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>The act of an adult who, having the ability to work,
repeatedly appeals to the mercy of the public,
requesting material assistance, using for this purpose
the presence of a minor, is punishable by imprisonment
from 3 months to 2 years or a fine@ ZLWK DUW
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>The act of using the services provided in art. 182,
provided by a person about whom the beneficiary
knows that he is a victim of human trafficking or
trafficking in minors, shall be punished by
imprisonment from 6 months to 3 years or by a fine, if
the act does not constitute a more serious crime@ZLWK
FORENSIC SCIENCE NO. 1-2020 (125), OCTOBER 2020, VOL. XXI
DUW UHJDUGLQJ WKH XVH RI FKLOG SURVWLWXWLRQ >The
execution of any act of a sexual nature with a minor
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31
 PUNISHMENT VS. REINTEGRATION OF THE JUVENILE DELINQUENT
Mădălina Elena MASCARELL, Ph.D. Candidate
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ABSTRACT
We see more and more often on television minors who commit more or less severe crimes. “Irrecoverable minors”
are those minors who perpetrate very serious crimes or who persist in the perpetration of crimes even if they have had non-
custodial sanctions.

KEYWORDS: minor, criminal, sanctions, reintegration.

IS IMPRISONMENT SUFFICIENT FOR FROM WHAT AGE CAN A MINOR BE HELD

MINOR OFFENDERS?

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32 FORENSIC SCIENCE NO. 1-2020 (125), OCTOBER 2020, VOL. XXI

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 CLASSIFICATION AND FORENSIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ROAD TRAFFIC
ACCIDENTS: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL REFLECTIONS

Associate University Professor Vitalie RUSU, Ph.D.

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6WDWH8QLYHUVLW\o$OHFXRusso” of Bălţi, 5HSXEOLFRI0ROGRYD
UXVVXYLWDOLH#PDLOUX

ABSTRACT
Road safety is an issue of interest to all citizens, and the creation of road safety conditions for all categories of
participants, the reduction of traffic accidents and their serious consequences are preconditions that contribute to creating
a sense of security in society in general.
Starting from the importance of human life and the responsibilities of the state in this respect, following the signing
by the Republic of Moldova of the United Nations General Assembly resolution Declaring the Decade of Action for Road
Safety 2011-2020, by Government Decision no. 1214 of December 27, 2010, was approved the National Strategy for Road
Safety (SNSR), and on December 21, 2011, by Government Decision no. 972 of 21.12.2011, the Action Plan on SNSR
implementation was approved.
In this context, it is worth mentioning that the road traffic safety activity is complex and requires the involvement of
the central, local authorities, but also of the civil society. These concerns are all the more necessary as the increase in the
number of accidents is relatively directly proportional to the increase of the motor index, to the improvement of the
performance of the vehicles, first of all the speed of travel, which is a priority in the causes of road events.

KEYWORDS: means of transport, road traffic accident, forensic feature, motor vehicles, public road, collision,
technical condition, objective factors, subjective factors, forensic model.

1. INTRODUCTION. GLUHFWO\ SURSRUWLRQDO WR WKH LQFUHDVH LQ WKH

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Diagram 1. Frequency of road traffic accidents in the Republic of Moldova
for 12 months periods of the years 2008 – 2018
4000 3745
3506 3535 3509
3500 3297
3220
3077 3063 3114
2929 2929 2993
3000 2870 2826
2755 2713
2605 2640 2613
2536 2559
2479
2500

2000 Accidents

Dead
1500
Injured

1000
509 488 452 443 445
500 301 324 300 311 302 272

0
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

FORENSIC SCIENCE NO. 1-2020 (125), OCTOBER 2020, VOL. XXI 35
 $FFRUGLQJ WR WKH DQDO\VLV RI WKH DFFLGHQW 2. STUDY OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE
LQFLGHQFH UDWH IRU WKH SHULRG IURP 01.01.2018 to PERCEPTION OF HAZARD TRAFFIC SITUATIONS
31.12.2018WKHUHKDVEHHQREVHUYHGDVOLJKWGHFUHDVH 
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SHULRG 2,613 (approximately 2,640;   DFFLGHQWV7KH REMHFWLYH FDSDELOLWLHV RI SHUFHSWLRQ DUH
DFFLGHQWVZHUHUHJLVWHUHGLQWKHFRXQWU\LQZKLFK272 GHWHUPLQHG E\ WKH FOLPDWLF FRQGLWLRQV GD\ RU QLJKW
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Causes of accidents.
Table no. 1
 2017 2018 Grand total
Accident cause A D T A D T A D T
         
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Offside overtaking 37 9 49 35 3 70 -5.41 - 66.67 42.86
Exceeding of the prescribed speed limit 68 16 74 98 2. 3 99 44.12 43.75 33.78
3HGHVWULDQVZDONLQJRQWKHRQJRLQJVLGHRIWKH
        
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Failure to give priority to pedestrians 358 19 350 367 13 372 2.51 -31.58 6.29

36 FORENSIC SCIENCE NO. 1-2020 (125), OCTOBER 2020, VOL. XXI

 )DLOXUHWRFKDQJHODQHRUGLUHFWLRQRIWUDYHO
        
LQFRUUHFWWXUQ
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8QPDUNHGREVWDFOHV         
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3HGHVWULDQO\LQJRQWKHWUDIILFODQH         
3HGHVWULDQVZLWKRXWUHIOHFWLYHYHVW         
,OOQHVVGULYLQJXQGHUWKHLQIOXHQFHRI
        
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Alcohol intoxication, falling asleep at the
89 12 106 127 19 154 42.7 58.33 45.28
wheel
Advanced fatigue, falling asleep at the wheel 19 11 34 21 5 2. 3 10.53 -54.55 -32.35
,PSURSHUWHFKQLFDOFRQGLWLRQRIWKHPHDQVRI
        
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3HGHVWULDQVVWDQGLQJRQWKHWUDIILFODQH         
Improper crossing of the road by
197 24 171 175 13 163 -11.2 -45.83 -4.68
pedestrians 
Improper crossing of the railway  1 1 0 4 3 4 300 200 100
,QDSSURSULDWHVSHHGFRQVLGHULQJWKHYLVLELOLW\
        
FRQGLWLRQVWUDIILFVLWXDWLRQ
Grand total 2640 302 2993 2613 272 3114 -1.02 -9.93 4.04

7KXVWKHDQDO\VLVRIGDWDIURPWKH$XWRPDWHG ODVW\HDUUHYHDOVDdecrease in the number of deaths
,QIRUPDWLRQ 6\VWHP 6WDWH 5HJLVWHU RI 5RDG 7UDIILF DV D UHVXOW RI URDG DFFLGHQWV FRPPLWWHG GXH WR WKH
$FFLGHQWVLQFRPSDULVRQZLWKWKHVDPHSHULRGRIWKH IROORZLQJUHDVRQVJLYHQLQWKHWDEOHVEHORZ

Advanced fatigue, falling asleep at the wheel (- 54.55 %)
Table no. 2 
$FFLGHQWFDXVH 2017 2018 Grand total (%)
 A D. T A D. T A D T
Advanced fatigue, falling
19 11 34 21 5 2. 3 10.53 -54.55 -32.35
asleep at the wheel

Improper crossing of the road by pedestrians (- 45.83 %).

Table no. 3
$FFLGHQWFDXVH 2017 2018 Grand total (%)
 A D. T A D. T A D T
Improper crossing of the
197 24 171 175 13 163 -11.2 -45.83 -4.68
road by pedestrians

Failure to give priority to pedestrians (- 31.58%).

Table no. 4
$FFLGHQWFDXVH 2017 2018 Grand total (%)
 A D. T A D. T A D T
Failure to give priority to
358 19 350 367 13 372 2.51 -31.58 6.29
pedestrians

Offside overtaking (- 66.67%).

Table no. 5
$FFLGHQWFDXVH 2017 2018 Grand total (%)
 A D. T A D. T A D T
Offside overtaking 37 9 49 35 3 70 -5.41 - 66.67 42.86

FORENSIC SCIENCE NO. 1-2020 (125), OCTOBER 2020, VOL. XXI 37
 ,Q WKLV FRQWH[W ZLWK WKH UHIHUHQFH WR EHPHQWLRQHGWKDWWKHUHZDVDVLJQLILFDQWLQFUHDVHLQ
WKHincrease in number of deceased persons,LWVKRXOG GHDWKVDVDUHVXOWRIURDGHYHQWVFDXVHGE\

Improper crossing of the railway (+ 200%).

Table no. 6 .
 2017 2018 Grand total (%)
Accident cause A D. T A D. T A D T
Improper crossing of the
       200 
railway

Alcohol intoxication, falling asleep at the wheel (+58.33 %).

Table no. 7
 2017 2018 Grand total (%)
Accident cause A D. T A D. T A D T
Alcohol intoxication, falling
89 12 106 127 19 154 42.7 58.33 45.28
asleep at the wheel

Exceeding of the prescribed speed limit (+43.75%).

Table no. 8
 2017 2018 Grand total (%)
Accident cause A D. T A D. T A D T
Exceeding of the prescribed
68 16 74 98 2. 3 99 44.12 43.75 33.78
speed limit

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Table no. 9

 2017 2018 Grand total

Conditional factor A D T A D T A D T
Unsatisfactory road conditions 32 5 47 46 8 63 43.75 60 34.04
7HFKQLFDOGHIHFWVRIWLUHV         

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([FHHGLQJRIWKHSUHVFULEHGVSHHGOLPLW         
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Slippery road (low nonskid quality) 15 1 21 20 8 29 33.33 700 38.1
'DPDJHGURDG         
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/DFNRIWUDIILFVLJQV         
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Failure to give priority to other vehicles 85 5 129 175 13 234 105.88 160 81.4
Failure to give priority to pedestrians 131 9 124 266 14 269 103.05 55.56 116.94
)DLOXUHWRIROORZWUDIILFOLJKWV         
8QPDUNHGREVWDFOHV         
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3HGHVWULDQO\LQJRQWKHWUDIILFODQH         
3HGHVWULDQVZLWKRXWUHIOHFWLYHYHVW         
Alcohol intoxication, falling asleep at the wheel 127 17 159 172 32 211 35.43 88.24 32.7

38 FORENSIC SCIENCE NO. 1-2020 (125), OCTOBER 2020, VOL. XXI

 
$GYDQFHGIDWLJXHIDOOLQJDVOHHSDWWKHZKHHO        

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Improper crossing of the railway 1 1 0 5 4 5 400 300 100
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VWLOO GRHV QRW JR EH\RQG WKH DSSURSULDWH GULYLQJ GDQJHURXVHYHQWRQKLVRZQ>SS@

Records of road traffic accidents by type.

Table no. 10

 2017 2018 Grand total

Types of road traffic accidents A D T A D T A D T
&ROOLVLRQZLWKSHGHVWULDQVPRYLQJRQWKH
        
FRQWUDIORZODQH
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Inversion 176 22 215 227 30 308 28.98 36.36 43.26
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Collision with an obstacle situated on the
20 2 25 44 5 51 120 150 104
roadway 
&ROOLVLRQZLWKDQREVWDFOHVLWXDWHGRIIWKHURDG         
&ROOLVLRQZLWKDQREVWDFOHDVDUHVXOWRIVNLGGLQJ         
Collision with a cyclist 66 12 54 110 13 101 66.67 8.33 87.04
&ROOLVLRQZLWKDQDQLPDO LQFOXGLQJVDGGOHDQG
        
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)DOORIDSDVVHQJHULQWRDYHKLFOH         
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FORENSIC SCIENCE NO. 1-2020 (125), OCTOBER 2020, VOL. XXI 39
 $FFLGHQWVFDXVHGZKHQJHWWLQJRQRURIID
        
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Collision with parked vehicle 13 0 21 34 2 51 161.54 100 142.86
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Collision with horse-drawn vehicles 15 3 18 21 8 27 40 166.67 50
&ROOLVLRQRIYHKLFOHVZLWKORFRPRWLYHV         
Grand total 2640 302 2993 2613 272 3114 -1.02 -9.93 4.04

4. ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENT SITUATIONS

5HIHUULQJWRURDGWUDIILFDFFLGHQWVWKHUHVHDUFKHU
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Collision with horse-drawn vehicles (+166.67 %).
Table no. 11 
QDWXUH RI VLWXDWLRQ GXULQJ WKH SURFHVV 'XH WR
LQDWWHQWLRQQHJOLJHQFHVHOIFRQILGHQFHRYHUHVWLPDWLRQ
RIWKHGHJUHHRISURILFLHQF\WKHGULYHUFDQQRWFRQVLGHU
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2WKHUZLVHLQDODWHQWHPHUJHQF\VLWXDWLRQWKHUH
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WUDIILF SDUWLFLSDQWV WR WLPHO\ LGHQWLI\ WKH VWDWH RI
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/DWHQWPDWHULDOL]DWLRQRIDQHPHUJHQF\VLWXDWLRQGRHV
QRWH[FOXGHWKHJXLOWDQGUHVSRQVLELOLW\RIURDGXVHUV
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ZLWKWKHDQDORJLFDOSHULRGRIZLWKUHYHDOV
DQincrease in the number of persons who died LQ
DFFLGHQWVVXFKDV

 2017 2018 Grand total (%)

Type of a road traffic accident A D T A D T A D T
&ROOLVLRQZLWKKRUVHGUDZQ
15 3 18 21 8 27 40 166.67 50
YHKLFOHV

Collision with an obstacle situated on the roadway (+150 %).
Table no. 12 

 2017 2018 Grand total (%)

Type of a road traffic accident A D. T A D. T A D T
Collision with an obstacle
20 2 25 44 5 51 120 150 104
situated on the roadway


40 FORENSIC SCIENCE NO. 1-2020 (125), OCTOBER 2020, VOL. XXI

 Inversion (+ 36.36 %)
Table no. 13
 2017 2018 Grand total (%)
Type of a road traffic accident A D. T A D. T A D T
Inversion 176 22 215 227 30 308 28.98 36.36 43.26

,QWKLVFRQWH[WZLWKUHIHUHQFHWRWKHrise in the number of injured persons,LWVKRXOGEHPHQWLRQHGWKDW
WKLVLQFUHDVHZDVUHJLVWHUHGDVDUHVXOWRI

Collision with parked vehicle (+ 142.86 %).
Table no. 14
 2017 2018 Grand total (%)
Type of a road traffic accident A D. T A D. T A D T
Collision with parked vehicle 13 0 21 34 2 51 161.54 100 142.86

Collision with a cyclist (+ 87.04%).

Table no. 15
2017 2018 Grand total (%)
Type of a road traffic A D. T A D. T A D T
accident
Collision with a cyclist 66 12 54 110 13 101 66.67 8.33 87.04

from the road traffic (severe and light).

 DIVISION OF THE ROAD TRAFFIC IDFWRUVLQFOXGHVVSHHGLQJRYHUWDNLQJQRQFRQIRUPDQFH

ACCIDENTS
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SULQFLSOHWKH\ZHUHUHJLVWHUHGDVIROORZVLQtable no. 21:

Table no. 21.

 2017 2018 Grand total
Registration body A D T A D T A D T
Anenii Noi 26 3 37 15 7 34 -42.31 133.33 -8.11
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%ULFHQL         

FORENSIC SCIENCE NO. 1-2020 (125), OCTOBER 2020, VOL. XXI 41
 Cahul 10 1 11 28 3 30 180 200 172.73
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'XEDVDUL 8VWLD          
(GLQHW         
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)ORUHVWL         
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+LQFHVWL         
Ialoveni 21 8 15 41 6 56 95.24 -25 273.33
/HRYD         
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1LVSRUHQL         
2FQLWD         
2UKHL         
5H]LQD         
Riscani 10 6 6 10 6 14 0 0 133.33
6LQJHUHL         
6RURFD         
6WUDVHQL         
6ROGDQHVWL         
Stefan-Voda 13 7 14 13 9 36 0 28.57 157.14
7DUDFOLD         
7HOHQHVWL         
87$*DJDX]LD         
8QJKHQL         
Grand total 652 162 807 614 133 852 -5.83 -17.9 5.58

6. CAUSES OF ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS WKH IDLOXUH RU PDOIXQFWLRQ RI WKH EUDNLQJ VWHHULQJ
 GULYLQJDQGVLJQDOLQJV\VWHPV7KHORFDWLRQRIWHFKQLFDO
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DQGSHGHVWULDQVDQGWRDOHVVHUH[WHQWKDSSHQGXHWR VRPHWLPHVQHHGVWREHFRUUHODWHGZLWKKXPDQIDFWRUVLQ
XQIRUHVHHQ WHFKQLFDO IDLOXUHV LPSURSHU URDG VHQVHRIWKHODFNRIFRQFHUQVDERXWWKHFRQILJXUDWLRQ
FRQGLWLRQVRUDWPRVSKHULFFDXVHV>S@ PDLQWHQDQFHDQGSURSHUUHSDLURIYHKLFOHV
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GULYHUVp$PRQJ WKH FDXVHV RI DFFLGHQWVWKDW KDSSHQ DVSKDOW FRYHULQJ ODFN RI YLVLELOLW\ QDUURZ EULGJHV
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LQDWWHQWLRQ RI SHGHVWULDQV RIIVLGH RYHUWDNLQJ DQG GHQVLW\WUDIILFREVWDFOHVLQWKHLPPHGLDWHYLFLQLW\RI
GULYLQJXQGHUWKHLQIOXHQFHRIDOFRKRO WKHFDUULDJHZD\HWFDUHLPSRUWDQWVRXUFHVRIGDQJHU
7KHQFRPHDFFLGHQWVWKDWKDSSHQGXHWRWHFKQLFDO IRU WKH PRYHPHQW RI YHKLFOHV DQG SHGHVWULDQV> S
IDFWRUVUHODWHGWRWKHYHKLFOHVXFKDVWKRVHFDXVHGE\ @

42 FORENSIC SCIENCE NO. 1-2020 (125), OCTOBER 2020, VOL. XXI

 Causes of minor / severe accidents on national roads for the period of
12 months of year 2018
Table no. 23
 2017 2018 Grand total
Accident cause A D T A D T A D T
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FORENSIC SCIENCE NO. 1-2020 (125), OCTOBER 2020, VOL. XXI 43
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11. BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES.
>@(PLOLDQ67$1&8Tratat de criminalistica. Editia
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>@ / -D '5$3.,1 9 1 .$5$*2',1
Kriminalistika Uchebnik >)RUHQVLF VFLHQFH
7H[WERRN@35263(.73XEO0
>@ 0LKDLO *+(25*+,7$ Tratat de criminalistica
>7UHDWLVHRQIRUHQVLFVFLHQFH@&KLVLQDX
>@ 6LPLRQ '25$6 Criminalistica >)RUHQVLF
VFLHQFH@&KLVLQDX&DUWHD-XULGLFD3XEO
>@ Kriminalistika. Uchebnik. Pod redakciej N. P.
JABLOKOVA >)RUHQVLF VFLHQFH 7H[WERRN
(GLWHG E\ 13 <$%/2.29@ %(. 3XEO М.,

45
 NEW INVESTIGATIVE TECHNIQUES: REGULATORY PROVISIONS AND
PRACTICAL POSSIBILITIES

University Lecturer Ion COVALCIUC, Ph.D.
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ABSTRACT
The effectiveness of investigations carried out by judicial bodies largely depends on the investigative techniques
with which they are endowed. Techniques that should be organically integrated into the relevant regulatory framework,
representing the result of the best achievements in the field. Their normative consecration, being the culmination of in-
depth scientific approaches, supported by practical achievements. Conversely, at the risk of distorting the investigative
process, its purpose would not only not add value to this activity, but on the contrary could create a number of impediments.

KEYWORDS: criminal trial, evidence, means of evidence, probative procedure, special investigative measures,
control body, finding body, investigation officer.

1. INTRODUCTION
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46 FORENSIC SCIENCE NO. 1-2020 (125), OCTOBER 2020, VOL. XXI

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49
 THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL REFLECTIONS ON THE USE OF AUDIO
AND VIDEO RECORDINGS IN THE CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION

University Lecturer Vitalie JITARIUC, Ph.D. Candidate

“Bogdan Petriceicu HaşdHXp6WDWH8QLYHUVLW\RI&DKXO
VulcăneșWL3ROLFH,QVSHFWRUDWH5HSXEOLFRI0ROGRYD
YMLWDULXF#JPDLOFRP

ABSTRACT
Crime scene investigation is the opening act of the investigations, having a clear significance in all the concerns
devoted to solving a criminal case. It implies the immediate, direct and complete knowledge of the place where the criminal
act was committed. The field investigation is carried out when the direct finding is necessary in order to determine or clarify
certain factual circumstances which are important for establishing the truth, as well as the direct finding of the factual
circumstances. Being an action of criminal prosecution, with a wide resonance in the whole of the concerns devoted to the
solution of a specific criminal case, the field investigation also represents one of the most complicated and important
procedural actions and actions of forensic tactics, the results of which usually condition not only the determination of
direction, but also certain procedural or special investigative activities. The field investigation presents a number of
characteristic elements, which distinguish it from other procedural activities carried out for the investigation of a criminal
case. Following the field investigation, the body invested in carrying out this action will look for answers to the questions
that are always the are tasks of the criminal investigation activity.

KEYWORDS: crime scene investigation, criminal prosecution action, criminal prosecution officer, minutes,
planning, audio recording, video recording, forensic technique, technical means, tactical procedures, organizational
measures, error, completion, declaration, suspected, accused.

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11. BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES.
>@ 9DVLOH %(5&+(6$1 Cercetarea penala
(criminalistica – teorie si practica). Indrumar complet
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procesul penal >$VVHVVPHQW RI HYLGHQFH LQ FULPLQDO
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 THERMAL INSULATION OF BUILDINGS IN CASE OF FIRE.
COMPARATIVE EXPERIMENT.

M.Sc. Eng. Marian-Bogdan LAMBĂ
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ABSTRACT
The construction materials intended for the isolation of buildings should only be used if, from a technical and
legal point of view, they comply with technical compliance agreements issued by the institutions empowered in relation to
the Romanian legislation in force, in accordance with the requirements of the European Community.

KEYWORDS: Night Club, Fire Outbreak Initiation, Fire Outbreak Development, Thermal Insulation, Pub, Fire
Outbreak Propagation, Fire

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FORENSIC SCIENCE NO. 1-2020 (125), OCTOBER 2020, VOL. XXI 55
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62 FORENSIC SCIENCE NO. 1-2020 (125), OCTOBER 2020, VOL. XXI