06/07/2023, 19:34 Basic arithmetic operations Involving integer

Basic Arithmetic Operations Involving Integers

1.2 Basic Arithmetic Operations Involving Integers

Addition of integers:

Positive integers is represented by moving towards the right.

Negative integers is represented by moving towards the left.

Subtraction of integers:

Positive integers is represented by moving towards the left.

Negative integers is represented by moving towards the right.

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06/07/2023, 19:34 Basic arithmetic operations Involving integer

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Example

Solve:

(i)

6 − (−7) = 6 + 7

= 13.

(ii)

−21 + (3) = −21 + 3

= −18.

Multiplication of integers:

Operation Sign of the product

(+) × (+) +

(+) × (−) −

(−) × (+) −

(−) × (−) +

Division of integers:

Operation Sign of the quotient

(+) ÷ (+) +

(+) ÷ (−) −

(−) ÷ (+) −

(−) ÷ (−) +

In general,

The product or quotient of two integers with the same signs is a positive integer.

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The product or quotient of two integers with different signs is a negative integer.

Example

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06/07/2023, 19:34 Basic arithmetic operations Involving integer

Calculate:

(i)

9 × (−11) = −(9 × 11)

= −99.

(ii)

−48 ÷ (−8) = +(48 ÷ 8)

=6

Combined basic arithmetic operations of integer:

Example

Solve:

(i)

49 ÷ (−8 + 1)

= 49 ÷ (−7)

= −7.

(ii)

22 + (−4)
−7 − 2
​

22 − 4
=
−9
​

18
=
−9
​

= −2.

Laws of arithmetic operations:

Commutative Law

a+b=b+a

a×b=b×a

Associative Law

(a + b) + c = a + (b + c)
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06/07/2023, 19:34 Basic arithmetic operations Involving integer

(a × b) × c = a × (b × c)

Distributive Law

a × (b + c) = a × b + a × c

a × (b − c) = a × b − a × c

Identity Law

a+0=a

a×0=0

a×1=a

a + (−a) = 0

1
a× ​=1
a

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