SITUATION. The floor plan of a proposed five storey concrete building is shown.

It carries the following loads:

DL = 4.8 kPa (Weight of the slab is included)
LL = 2.9 kPa
U = 1.2DL + 1.6LL
Beam dimensions b x h, 300 by 400 mm
Clear concrete cover to slab reinforcement = 20 mm
Slab reinforcement = 10 mm
Slab thickness= 100 mm
Concrete, fc’ = 20.7 MPa
Steel, fy = 275 MPa

𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 1𝑚 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑝 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑙𝑎𝑏:

𝑈𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑎𝑑 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 𝑖𝑛 𝑘𝑁 𝑚 , 𝑤𝑢𝑑𝑙 = 1.2 4.8𝑘𝑃𝑎 1𝑚 = 5.76 kN/m
𝑈𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑙𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 𝑖𝑛 𝑘𝑁 𝑚 , 𝑤𝑢𝑙𝑙 = 1.6 2.9𝑘𝑃𝑎 1𝑚 = 4.64 kN/m

𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑, 𝑤𝑢 = 𝑤𝑢𝑑𝑙 + 𝑤𝑢𝑙𝑙

= 5.76 kN/m + 4.64 kN/m
= 10.4 kN/m

𝐶𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑛, 𝑙𝑛 = 2.8𝑚 − 0.3𝑚 = 2.5𝑚

10. Find the positive moment, Mu at the span bounded by BEFC.

A. 5.20 B. 4.64 C. 5.91 D. 5.82

SOLUTION:
𝑤𝑢 𝑙𝑛 2
𝑈𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡, +𝑀𝑢 =
14
(10.4𝑘𝑁/𝑚)(2.5𝑚)2
= = 𝟒. 𝟔𝟒 𝒌𝑵 − 𝒎
14
11. Find the negative moment at the interior support.
A. 6.79 B. 5.42 C. 9.06 D. 7.22

SOLUTION:

𝑈𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑛𝑒𝑔𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡:

Note: 𝑙𝑛 < 3𝑚, hence

𝑤𝑢 𝑙𝑛 2
−𝑀𝑢 = −
12
(10.4𝑘𝑁/𝑚)(2.5𝑚)2
=− = 𝟓. 𝟒𝟐 𝒌𝑵 − 𝒎
12
12. What is the maximum spacing of the 10 mm diameter bars as prescribed by the design codes?
A. 250 B. 300 C. 450 D. 500

SOLUTION:

A𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑆𝑒𝑐. 407.7.2.3, 𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑑 𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑠ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑏𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 3ℎ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 450𝑚𝑚
𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = min(3ℎ, 450𝑚𝑚)
Where, ℎ = 100𝑚𝑚
Thus, 𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = min 3 100𝑚𝑚 , 450𝑚𝑚 = 𝟑𝟎𝟎𝒎𝒎
SITUATION. From the bolted connection shown, the diameter of each bolt is 16 mm.

16. What is the direct shear stress (MPa) of the bolt

A. 100.6 B. 149.2 C. 115.06 D. 1193.6

SOLUTION:
𝐷𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑡:

𝑃 240 000 𝑁
𝑃𝐷 = = = 30 000 𝑁
𝑛 8

𝑃𝐷 30 000 𝑁
𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 = =𝜋 = 149.2 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝐴 (16𝑚𝑚)2
4
17. What is the reaction (kN) of the bolt number 8?
A. 75.17 B. 109.66 C. 80 D. 127.58

SOLUTION:
Note: erroneous problem! e should be 300mm
𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑡 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 8:
𝑇𝑜𝑟𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑒𝑑 𝑑𝑢𝑒 𝑡𝑜 𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 𝑃:
𝑇 = 𝑃𝑒 = 240 000𝑁 300𝑚𝑚 = 72 𝑥 106 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
𝑈𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑎,
𝑗= 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 8(80𝑚𝑚)2 + 4(120𝑚𝑚)2 + 4(40𝑚𝑚)2 = 115 200 𝑚𝑚2

𝐷𝑢𝑒 𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑,

𝑃 240 000 𝑁
𝑃𝐷 = = = 30 000 𝑁
𝑛 8
𝐷𝑢𝑒 𝑡𝑜 𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑,
𝑇𝑦 (72 𝑥 106 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚)(120𝑚𝑚)
𝑃𝑇𝑥 = = = 75 000 𝑁
𝑗 115 200 𝑚𝑚2
𝑇𝑥 (72 𝑥 106 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚)(80𝑚𝑚)
𝑃𝑇𝑦 = = = 50 000 𝑁
𝑗 115 200 𝑚𝑚2

𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑎𝑡 𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑡 8,

𝑅= ( 𝐹𝑥 )2 +( 𝐹𝑦 )2 = (𝑃𝑇𝑥 )2 +(𝑃𝐷 + 𝑃𝑇𝑦 )2 = (75 000 𝑁 )2 +(30 000 𝑁 + 50 000 𝑁 )2 = 109.66𝑘𝑁

18. When the maximum reaction of the bolt is 170 kN, what is the diameter of the most stressed
bolt if it has an allowable shear stress of 276 MPa?
A.25 B. 28 C. 30 D. 16

SOLUTION:
𝐴𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠, 𝜏𝑎𝑙𝑙 = 276 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑀𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛, 𝑅 = 170𝑘𝑁

𝑅
𝜏𝑎𝑙𝑙 =
𝐴
170 000 𝑁
276𝑀𝑃𝑎 = 𝜋 2
𝑑
4
𝒅 = 𝟐𝟖𝒎𝒎