PurComm Reviewer

Nix, AB Psych 1-2

COMMUNICATION – derived from the Latin words con (with), munus (a

business),communis

ASPECTS OF COMMUNICATION

1. Communication is integrated in all parts of our lives.

a. Academics
b. Professional
c. Personal
d. Civic
2. Communication meets needs.

a. Physical needs – affects well-being

b. Instrumental needs – long-term and short-term goals

c. Relational needs- social bonds

d. Identity needs – present ourselves

3. Communication is guided by culture and context

4. Communication is learned.

5. Communication has ethical implications.

KINDS OR FORMS OF COMMUNICATION

1. VERBAL COMMUNICATION –transmitting messages

• ORAL COMMUNICATION – includes face-to-face

• WRITTEN COMMUNICATION – uses symbols that are hand- written

2. NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION – sending of messages to another person using

methods

• NON-VERBAL CUES – may both be intentional and unintentional

TYPES OF COMMUNICATION

1. INTRAPERSONAL COMMUNICATION- “self-talk”

2. INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION- communication between two people

3. SMALL GROUP COMMUNICATION- within formal or informal groups

4. ONE TO GROUP COMUNICATION- seeks to inform audience.

5. MASS COMMUNICATION- electronic or print transmission of messages

ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION

1. SENDER

2. MESSAGE

3. CHANNEL

4. RECEIVER

5. FEEDBACK

6. ADJUSTMENT

7. NOISE

ISSUES IN COMMUNICATION

Essential issues to be aware of in any communication situation are:

1. CONTENT- provided to the receiver of the communication process.

2. PROCESS refers to the way the message is delivered.

3. CONTEXT is the situation or environment.

PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION

These principles will help you to make your communication more informative and will
aid

you to gain positive effects:

1. Principle of Clarity – worded clearly.

2. Principle of Attention – drawn to the message

3. Principle of Feedback- know whether s/he understood the message

4. Principle of Informality- prove effective in situations

5. Principle of Consistency – avoids conflict

6. Principle of Timeliness –done in real time

7. Principle of Adequacy – information should be complete

COMMUNICATION ETHICS

COMMUNICATION ETHICS – deals with the behavior of an individual

ETHICAL COMMUNICATION – human worth and dignity

UNETHICAL COMMUNICATION – causes threats

NATIONAL COMMUNICATION ASSOCIATION (NCA) - developed the Credo

THIRD PARTY INDIVIDUALS- not directly involved in the communicative exchange

COMMON SENSE- taken-for-granted assumptions

LEARNING- is the first principle of communication ethics because “we cannot trust the
old ‘commonsense’ notions” of ethics.

Chapter 2 COMMUNICATION & GLOBALIZATION

COMMUNICATION COMPETENCE - the ability to function in a truly communicative

Setting.

COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE deals with:

• knowledge.

• the ability to use

• the ability to adapt to various contexts

COMPETENCE - conscious and unconscious knowledge of an individual

COMPONENTS OF COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE

1. GRAMMATICAL COMPETENCE - lexical capacity

2.SOCIOLINGUISTIC COMPETENCE - social context

3. DISCOURSE COMPETENCE - interpret individual message

4. STRATEGIC COMPETENCE - the coping strategies

GLOBAL COMMUNICATION COMPETENCE

COMPETENCE - the ability of individuals that relates effectively to self and others in

daily life.

COMMUNICATION COMPETENCE - an innate individual trait

FOUR DIMENSIONS OF COMMUNICATION COMPETENCE

1. GLOBAL MINDSET - is a psychological process

2. UNFOLDING THE SELF - shared communication symbols

3. MAPPING THE CULTURE - ability to contrast cultural differences

4. ALIGNING THE INTERACTION - requires individuals to foster

THE IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION

1. VIRTUAL INTERACTIONS.

2. CULTURAL AWARENESS IN SPEECH.

3. CULTURAL AWARENESS IN BODY LANGUAGE.

4. TIME DIFFERENCES.

THE ROLE OF MEDIA IN GLOBALIZATION

COMMUNICATION MEDIA - constructing the phenomenon of globalization

LANGUAGE AND GLOBALIZATION

21ST CENTURY LANGUAGE has become the language that exists in the global world.

Here are some of the terminologies in the globalizing society:

CHAT ROOM - internet feature

COMPUTER LITERACY - internet literacy

CYBERSPACE - world wide web

DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP - the creation of conscious

DIGITAL COMPETENCE - critical use of information technology

DIGITAL IMMIGRANTS - adults who adapt to their environment

DIGITAL NATIVES - young people who are native speakers

DIGITAL SKILLS - ability to evaluate

EMOJI - pictograph

EMOTICON - words without letters

ETHNOSCAPE - landscape of persons

HYPERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION - computer mediated

IDEOSCAPE - ideologies

MEDIASCAPE - pertains to the electronic and print media in

SELFIE - an ego-manical madness

STREAMING MULTIMEDIA - live audio and video available on a website

TECHNOSCAPE - movement of technology

TELEMATIC NETWORK - telecommunications

VIRTUAL COMMUNITY - community that exists in the world of electronic

communication

VIRTUAL REALITY - obscure from reality.

CULTURE- manifested in actions.

CONTEXT- better understanding.

LOCAL COMMUNICATION- highly grounded.

GLOBAL COMMUNICATION- modifying factor.

INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION- cultural difference.

LANGUAGE- intercultural understanding.

PRINCIPLE OF COOPERATIVE CONVERSATIONS

1. Maxim of Relation

2. Maxim of Quality
3. Maxim of Quantity

4. Maxim of Manner

MODES OF COMMUNICATION

LANGUAGE- words, greetings

BODY LANGUAGE- non-verbal communication

ABC’S OF INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION

A- Acknowledge

B- Bi-level

C- Clarify

CULTURAL COMMUNICATION BARRIERS

BARRIERS- difficulty in understanding people.

LANGUAGE BARRIER- primary barrier.

HOSTILE STEREOTYPES- generalizations.

BEHAVIOR DIFFERENCES- difference of behavior.

EMOTIONAL DISPLAY- varying regard

AMBIGUOUS EXPRESSION

IDIOMS AND FIGURATIVE CLICHES- words and expression.

SLANG- coloquial word

ACRONYM- initial letters

ABBREVIATION- lengthy expression

JARGON- used in occupation.

VARIETIES OF ENGLISH- different kind of English.

1. American English

2. British English

3. Australian English

4. New Zealand English

5. Black English

6. Singapore English

7. Philippine English

REGISTER- level of formality

FORMS OF LANGUAGE REGISTER

1. FORMAL REGISTER- professional

2. INFORMAL REGISTER- the way we talk to our friends

3. NEUTRAL REGISTER- not specifically formal or informal

AVOID GENDER BIAS- masculine pronouns

AVOID RACIAL AND ETHNIC BIAS- racial information

JARGONS IN THE WORKPLACE

JARGONS- technical terms within a field

VOCABULARY AWARENESS- one’s language

APPROPRIATE LEVEL OF DICTION

- LOW

- MID

- HIGH
COLLOQUIAL WORDS- permissible

FORMAL WORDS- scholarly writing

NON-STANDARD ENGLISH- does not conform

DICTION- choice of words

HIGH SCORE PASADONG EXAM CUTIEEEEEE