Section c

Q.A
1. Inquiry Learning: An educational approach where students actively explore topics, ask
questions, and conduct investigations to build their understanding.
2. Scaffolding: Providing support, guidance, and resources to help students gradually
develop their skills and knowledge.
3. Metacognition: Awareness and control of one’s own learning process, including planning,
monitoring, and evaluating learning strategies.
4. Constructivism: The theory that learners actively construct knowledge by integrating new
information with their existing mental structures.
5. Authentic Assessment: Evaluating students’ abilities in real-world contexts or tasks that
resemble actual challenges they might encounter.
6. Problem-Based Learning (PBL): Students work on real-world problems, promoting
critical thinking, collaboration, and application of knowledge.
7. Collaborative Learning: Students work together in groups to solve problems, share
perspectives, and learn from each other.
8. Inquiry Cycle: A structured process of asking questions, investigating, gathering
evidence, reflecting, and drawing conclusions.

B) Here are the temperature conversions to degree Celsius:

i. 98.799°F = 37.11°C
ii. 212°F = 100°C
iii. 30K = -243.15°C

1C).
Q = Explosive
R = Electrical hazard
S = High voltage
I = Acutely Toxic

1D)
pillars of National teachers standard
 1 Professional Values and Attitudes.

 2 Professional Knowledge.

 3 Professional Practice.

Q2

Environmental Mishaps:
 1. Air Pollution: Excessive emissions from vehicles and industries leading to poor air
quality and health issues.

2. Deforestation: Clearing large areas of forests for agriculture or urban development,

causing loss of biodiversity and disrupting ecosystems.

Control Measures for Environmental Sustainability:

1. Air Pollution:

• Transition to Clean Energy: Promote the use of renewable energy sources like solar, wind,
and hydro power to reduce fossil fuel emissions.

• Improved Transportation: Encourage public transportation, cycling, and electric vehicles

to reduce vehicle emissions.

2. Deforestation:

• Reforestation: Planting new trees in deforested areas to restore ecosystems and absorb
carbon dioxide.

• Sustainable Land Use: Implement strict land-use policies that protect forests and
encourage sustainable farming practices.

2B

1. Beaker: Beakers are commonly used for holding and measuring liquids. They are
versatile and can be used for mixing, heating, and pouring liquids during laboratory experiments.

2. Bunsen Burner: A Bunsen burner is used for heating substances in laboratory settings. It
produces a controlled flame that can be adjusted for different levels of heat, making it useful for
tasks like sterilization, heating solutions, and performing flame tests.

3. Burette: A burette is a precise measuring instrument used in titration experiments to

deliver a known volume of liquid. It allows for accurate dispensing of reagents during the titration
process.

4. Beaker Tongs: Beaker tongs are designed to safely handle hot beakers. They have
insulated arms that grip the beaker securely, making it easier to move and manipulate hot glassware
without the risk of

2C.

Stable Equilibrium
If a structure is pushed out of equilibrium we say it has been displaced from equilibrium. If
the object tends to move back toward its equilibrium position then it must be in a region of
stable equilibrium and the force that pushed it back is a restoring force.

A marble in the bottom of a bowl is an example of stable equilibrium. Image credit

Unstable Equilibrium
When a system in equilibrium is displaced and the resulting net force pushes the object
even further away from the equilibrium position then it must have been in an unstable
equilibrium. Technically, real systems cannot spend time at unstable equilibrium point
because the tiniest vibration will cause them to move out of equilibrium not to mention that
you could never place them perfectly into position in the first place. Trying to balance a
marble on a hill is a good example:

An example of unstable equilibrium is a marble placed on a hill. Image Credit: “Unstable

Equilibrium”
 2D.

1. Jupiter

2. Saturn

3. Uranus

4. Neptune

Q3

3a. 1. The creation of learning-centred classrooms through the use of creative

approaches to teaching and learning as strategies to ensuring learner empowerment
and independent learning.

2.The positioning of inclusion and equity at the centre of quality teaching and learning

3. The use of differentiation and scaffolding as teaching and learning strategies for
ensuring that no learner is left behind

4. The use of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) as a pedagogical

tool.

5.use questioning techniques that promote deeper learning

3B.

a. Don’t sing when bathing:

Prescribed Repercussion: It might be believed that singing while bathing could lead to
bad luck or illness.

Scientific Implication: There is no scientific basis to suggest that singing while

bathing directly causes any negative consequences. Singing in the shower can actually
have positive effects on mood and well-being due to its potential to reduce stress and
increase relaxation.
b. Don’t put your palm on the floor when eating:

Prescribed Repercussion: This belief may be tied to notions of cleanliness and

avoiding contamination of food.

Scientific Implication: While placing your palm on the floor during eating might not
directly cause harm, it’s true that maintaining good hygiene practices can help prevent
the transfer of dirt, germs, and contaminants to food. In this sense, the belief might
encourage cleanliness during meals.

c. Don’t sweep your bedroom at night:

Prescribed Repercussion: This belief could stem from a superstition that sweeping at
night may disturb or attract negative spiritual entities.

Scientific Implication: From a scientific standpoint, the time of day when you sweep
doesn’t have any inherent impact on cleanliness. However, cultural beliefs often
shape practices, and this might reflect a desire to avoid unnecessary noise or
disturbances during nighttime hours.

d. Don’t talk when you are eating:

Prescribed Repercussion: This belief could be based on the idea that talking while
eating might lead to choking or poor digestion.

Scientific Implication: While there’s no inherent danger in talking while eating, eating
mindfully and chewing food properly can aid digestion and reduce the risk of choking.
Therefore, this belief might encourage people to focus on their meal and practice safe
eating habits.

3C.1

A = Solid
B = gas

C= Liquid

Solid:

1. Definite Shape

2. Definite Volume

3. High Density

4. Low Kinetic Energy

Liquid:

1. Indefinite Shape, Definite Volume

2. Moderate Density

3. Moderate Kinetic Energy

4. Surface Tension

Gas:

1. Indefinite Shape, Indefinite Volume.

2. Low Density.

3. High Kinetic Energy

4. Compressibility and Expansion

3C.i

Density (ρ) = Mass (m) / Volume (V)

The volume of a sphere is given by the formula:

Volume (V) = (4/3) * π * radius^3

Given:

• Mass (m) = 250 g

• Radius (r) = 0.02 m

• Value of π (pi) = 3.142

Let’s plug in the values and calculate:

Volume (V) = (4/3) * 3.142 * (0.02)^3

≈ 0.000033512 m³

Now, use the calculated volume to find the density:

Density (ρ) = Mass (m) / Volume (V)

= 250 g / 0.000033512 m³

≈ 7459150.74 g/m³

3D.

1. Wide Temperature Range: Mercury remains in a liquid state over a wide

temperature range, from about -39°C to 356°C. This makes it suitable for measuring
both very low and high temperatures, which is important for various applications.
 2. Higher Thermal Expansion: Mercury has a higher coefficient of thermal
expansion compared to alcohol. This means that its volume changes more
significantly with temperature variations, resulting in a more noticeable and accurate
movement of the mercury column in a thermometer.

3. Uniform Expansion: Mercury’s expansion is relatively uniform over its

temperature range, which contributes to consistent and reliable measurements.
Alcohol, on the other hand, can exhibit irregular expansion patterns, making it less
reliable for precise temperature readings.

4. Low Vapor Pressure: Mercury has a very low vapor pressure at room
temperature, which means it is less likely to evaporate and cause measurement
inaccuracies over time. Alcohol, particularly volatile types, can evaporate more
readily, affecting the accuracy of temperature readings.