Cấu trúc với enough, too, so ... that, such ...

that
I. GRAMMAR

1. Cấu trúc với "enough ...to": đủ ...để làm gì

1.1. Đối với tính từ:

Cấu trúc: S + be + adj + enough + (for somebody) + to V
Ví dụ:
She is tall enough to reach the bookshelf. (Cô ấy đủ cao để với tới cái giá sách đó.)
These oranges are ripe enough for us to eat. (Những quả táo này đủ chín để chúng ta có thể
ăn.)

1.2. Đối với trạng từ:

Cấu trúc: S + V + adv + enough + (for somebody) + to V
Ví dụ:
He explains clearly enough for me to understand. (Anh ấy giải thích đủ rõ ràng để tôi có thể
hiểu được.)
She walks quietly enough for the baby to sleep. (Cô ấy bước đủ nhẹ để đứa trẻ có thể ngủ.)

1.3. Đối với danh từ:

Cấu trúc: S + V/tobe + enough + noun + (for somebody) + to V
Ví dụ:
I have enough tickets for everyone to watch the football match. (Tôi có đủ vé cho tất cả mọi
người xem trận bóng đá.)
They don't have enough rooms for the guests to sleep. (Họ không có đủ phòng cho khách
ngủ.)
*** Lưu ý:
- "Enough" đứng sau tính từ và trạng từ nhưng đứng trước danh từ.
- Ở dạng phủ định ta chỉ việc thêm "not" vào sau động từ "to be" hoặc thêm trợ động từ
"don't/ doesn't/ didn't" tuỳ theo chủ ngữ và thì của câu vào trước động từ thường.
Ví dụ:
He isn't strong enough to lift this suitcase. (Anh ấy không đủ khoẻ để nhấc chiếc va li này.)
I don't run fast enough to catch up him. (Tôi không chạy đủ nhanh để bắt kịp anh ấy.)

2. Cấu trúc với "too...to": quá ...đến nỗi không thể

2.1. Đối với tính từ:

Cấu trúc: S + be + too + adj + (for somebody) + to V
Ví dụ:
The weather is too bad for us to go camping. (Thời tiết quá xấu đến mức chúng tôi không thể
đi cắm trại.)
These shoes are too small for me to wear. (Đôi giày quá nhỏ đến nỗi tôi không thể đi được.)

2.2. Đối với trạng từ:

Cấu trúc: S + V + too + adv + (for somebody) + to V
Ví dụ:
He speaks too fast for me to understand. (Anh ấy nói quá nhanh đến nỗi tôi không thể hiểu
được.)
She drives too carlessly for the children to feel comfortable. (Cô ấy lái xe quá bất cẩn đến nổi
bọn trẻ không thể cảm thấy thoải mái được.)

3. Cấu trúc với "so...that...": quá ... đến nỗi

3.1. Đối với tính từ:
Cấu trúc: S + be+ so + adj + that + S + V
Ví dụ:
Our seats were so far from the stage that we couldn't see the actors clearly. (Chỗ của chúng
tôi ở quá xa sân khấu đến nỗi chúng tôi không thể nhìn rõ những diễn viên.)

3.2. Đối với trạng từ:

Cấu trúc: S + V + so + adv + that + S + V
Ví dụ:
The chef cooks so well that every customer likes the food here. (Vị bếp trưởng nấu ăn rất
ngon nên mọi thực khách đều thích đồ ăn ở đây.)

3.3. Đối với danh từ đếm được:

Cấu trúc: S + V+ so many/ few + plural/ countable noun + that + S + V
Ví dụ:
He bought so many sandwiches that we couldn't eat all. (Anh ấy mua quá nhiều bánh
sandwich đến nỗi chúng tôi không thể ăn hết.)

3.4. Đối với dnah từ không đếm được:

Cấu trúc: S + V + so much/ little + uncountable noun + that + S + V
Ví dụ:
They drank so much wine that they couldn’t walk. (Họ uống quá nhiều rượu đến nỗi họ
không thể đi được.)

4. Cấu trúc "such...that": thật là ... đến nỗi

Cấu trúc: S + V + such + (a/an) + adj + noun + that + S + V
Ví dụ:
It was such a boring film that I felt asleep. (Đó thật là 1 bộ phim chán đến nỗi tôi cảm thấy
buồn ngủ.)

II. EXERCISES:

Task 1. Use SO or SUCH, TOO, ENOUGH

1. The sun shone _______ brightly that she had to put on her glasses.
2. There were _________ few students registered that the class was cancelled.
3. We had _________ wonderful memories of that place that we decided to return.
4. It was ________ a nice day that we decided to go to the beach.
5. The book looked ___________ interesting that we decided to read it.
6. Ray called at _________ an early hour that we weren’t wake yet.
7. There were ____________ many people on the bus that we decided to walk.
8. The benefit was _________ great a success that the promoters decided to repeat it.
9. I’ m not rich ___________to help you.
10. This room is ___________ dark for us to study.

Task 2. Rewrite the following sentences as directed

1. It was such an expensive house that nobody can buy it.
⇒ The house was so ........
2. The food was so good that we ate all of it.
⇒ It was ........
3. The patient was too weak to get up.
⇒ The patient was so ........
4. This room is too dark for me to study.
⇒ This room is so ........
5. This room is too small for us to take the meeting
⇒ This room isn’t ........
6. The test was so difficult that we couldn’t do it.
⇒ The test was not ........
7. The map is so old that I couldn’t read it.
⇒ The map is too ........
8. He spoke so fast that we couldn’t hear him well
⇒ He didn’t ........

Task 3. Combine these pairs of sentences using "so……..that"

1. That woman was very tall. She could almost touch the ceiling.

2. This coat is very big. I can't wear it.

3. The coffee was so strong. She couldn't go to sleep.

4. That bag was very heavy. None of us could carry it.

5. The stadium is very large. It can hold 60,000 people.

Task 4. Combine these pairs of sentences using "too ....to"

1. The question was very hard. We couldn't answer it.

2. The TV program is very exciting. The children won't miss it.

3. You're very young. You can't drive that car.

4. She was tired. She didn't go anywhere.

5. These shoes are very small. I can't wear them.

Task 5. Combine these pairs of sentences using "such....that"

1. Tom was a tall man. He could almost touch the ceiling.

2. He told interesting stories. They all like him.

3. The boy made rapid progress. It surprised everybody.

4. He had a difficult exercise. He couldn't do it.

5. The speaker gave a long talk. Most of the audience felt sleepy.
Task 6. Rewrite the sentences using "enough" instead of "too....to"
1. She is too weak to carry this box.

2. This pen is too expensive for me to buy.

3. Bill was too stupid to understand what I had said.

4. This bag is too heavy for her to carry.

5. The test was too difficult for them to do.

Task 7. Combine each of the following pairs of sentences into one sentence using
too/enough with infinitive.
1. You are very young. You can't have a front-door key.

2. It is very cold. We can't bathe.

3. I am rather old. I can't wear that kind of hat.

4. The ladder wasn't very long. It didn't reach the window.

5. The fire isn't very hot. It won't boil a kettle.

Task 8. Viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa

1. The room is so tidy that it took us one hour to clean it.
⇒ It is ....
2. The man is so fool that no one took any notice of him.
⇒ He is ....
3. The film is so long that they can't broadcast it on one night.
⇒ It is .....
4. The books are so interesting that we have read them many times.
⇒ They are.....
5. The news was so bad that she burst into tears on hearing it.
⇒ It was....
6. The food was so hot that it turned my tongue.
⇒ It was.....
7. There is so much rain that we can't go out.
⇒ There is such....
8. The boy is so fat that every calls him Stuffy.
⇒ He is ....
9. The milk is so excellent that all the children want some more.
⇒ It is ....
10. The weather was so warm that they had a walk in the garden.
⇒ It was....