LEARNING RESOURCE PACK - Jurisprudence Ethics and Business - 1st Sem - SY - 2023 2024

Jurisprudence, Ethics and
Business
A Learning Resource Pack for Flexible Learning
School Year 2021-2022
Sinamar E. Estudillo, DVM, PhD

Associate Professor V
Tarlac Agricultural University
LEARNING RESOURCE PACK APPROVAL SHEET
Title of LRP: JURISPRUDENCE, ETHICS AND BUSINESS

Prepared by: SINAMAR E. ESTUDILLO
Class/es: DVM 6
Period of Utilization: 1st semester (Midterm), 2021-2022
Reviewed by:
Chair, Curriculum Committee Chair, IM Committee

Program Chair
Recommending Approval:
DR. LORDY P. PLAZA

College Dean
DR. ARLENE V. TOMAS

Director, Curriculum and Instruction
Approved for Utilization:
DR. ARNOLD E. VELASCO

Vice President for Academic Affairs
Micro-syllabus in Jurisprudence, Ethics and Business
Course description Vision
TAU as one of the top

This course deals with the laws, ethics and business concerning veterinary medicine and
500 universities in Asia
matters appertaining to it.
Credit: 2-0-2 Breakthrough Goals
Anchored on the
Target Outcomes challenges of the
Sustainable
At the end of the course, the students are expected to: Development Goals for
inclusive growth, TAU
will:
1. Work effectively and independently in multi-disciplinary and multi-cultural teams.
1. take lead in
2. Act in recognition of professional, social and ethical responsibilities. innovative teaching
methodologies and
3. Communicate orally and in writing using both English and Filipino with clients. appropriate
technologies to create
4. Engage in life-long learning and an understanding of the need to keep updates of an ideal environment to
optimize learning;
the development of the specific field of practice.
2. advance sustainable
5. Appreciate and preserve Filipino historical and cultural heritage. agricultural
productivity and
6. Work independently and/or in terms of related fields with minimal supervision. improve income through
innovation, technology
7. Communicate effectively with interpreneurial and ethical interpersonal skills in the generation, transfer and
training; and
practice of the profession .
3. use Science,
8. Qualify to practice the profession locally and internationally. Technology and
Engineering (STE)
9. Be aware of the laws, local and international, governing veterinary medicine, effectively for climate
change resiliency,
embrace the ethical standards of a professional. adaption and
agricultural
10. Act professionally in all aspects. productivity.
Course Content
MIDTERM
Unit 1: Introduction
Lesson 1: Veterinary Ethics and its Branches
Lesson 2: Veterinary Ethics and Religion And Veterinary Ethics and Law
Lesson 3: The difference between Ethical and Legal Standards

Lesson 4: Selected Ethical Standards and Values in Veterinary Medicine
Unit 2: The Veterinarian and the Profession
Lesson 1: Employment opportunities, government agencies
Lesson 2: Veterinary Medicine Professional Organizations
The Veterinarian’s Oath
Philippine Veterinary Medical Association Code of Ethics
Professional Regulation Commission
Unit 3: The Veterinarian and the Laws

Lesson 1: Civil Service Rule of Conduct
Lesson 2: Animal Industry Laws
Lesson 3: Animal Welfare Laws
Lesson 4: Livestock Diseases Laws
Lesson 5: Livestock Importation and Quarantine Laws
Lesson 6: Meat Inspection and Standard Laws
Lesson 7: Feed Laws
Lesson 8: Veterinary Drug Laws
Lesson 9: Veterinary Practice Laws
FINAL
Unit 4: The Veterinarian and the Client
Lesson 1: Client -Patient-Characteristics/Relationship
Lesson 2 : Human Companion Animal Bond
Unit 5: The Veterinarian and the Patient
Lesson 1: Animal Characteristics, Rights and Welfare
Lesson 2: PALAS Code of Practice for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals
Unit 6: The Veterinarian and the Practice
Lesson 1: Veterinary Skills Characteristics
Setting Up Business
Practice Management
Financial Management
Marketing
Teaching and Learning Activities Instructor’s/Professor’s

Note/Message
Online discussion (through Google classroom)
Modules and other learning materials (videos, PowerPoint, link) will be given to students
through messenger or Google classroom
Assessment Strategies
There will be two graded discussion forum, online quizzes, online exams (midterm and
finals), and online submission of assignments and reports.
Suggested Readings (optional) Instructor’s/Professor’s

Contact details
https://www.slideshare.net/MuhammadRummanAslam/veterinary-laws-and-ethics
https://slideplayer.com/slide/12381702/
https://www.scribd.com/doc/257936123/Veterinary-jurisprudence-and-ethics
Republic Act No. 6713 | www.nia.gov.ph

https://howtostartanllc.com/business-ideas/veterinary
https://www.bplans.com/veterinary_clinic_business_plan/executive_summary_fc.php
Grading System
Discussion Forum 1 10%
Discussion Forum 2 10%
Assignments 10%
Report 20%
Quizzes 20%
Exams 30%
TOTAL 100%
Passing grade 75%
Class Policies
1. All students must monitor the course site (Google classroom) regularly.
2. Network etiquette must be observed at all times. Posting of materials not related to the
course is prohibited.
3. All learning materials can be accessed online through the Google classroom. Printed
materials can be given to the students who are unable to download the materials from the
Google classroom due to poor/no internet connectivity.
4. Contributions to the discussion must be relevant to the topics. Students must respond to
the discussion questions and to the contributions of their classmates clearly and concisely.
Discussion forums have date limits to make the students relevant to the learning process.
5. Assignments and reports should be uploaded in the course site in Google classroom on
time.
6. Deadlines for assignments, quizzes, and exams are set with great flexibility.
Considerations will be given to students who fail to take the exam due to emergency
purposes.
7. Students are expected to submit their own work. Plagiarism and cheating is not
acceptable and tolerated.
Appendix
Learning Resource Materials
Unit 1
INTRODUCTION
LESSON 1: VETERINARY ETHICS AND ITS BRANCHES
Target Outcomes
At the end of the lesson, students are expected to:
1. Comprehend the meaning of jurisprudence, ethics and business/marketing.
2. Explain and differentiate the different branches of veterinary ethics.
Abstraction
Ethics- morally good and bad, right and wrong, just and unjust.
- Morally (Latin- mores) the rules which larger groups of people applied to each other.
- Ethikos (Greek) character of the individual.
Veterinary Ethics - ethical issues concerning animals.

- Deals with obligations (moral) to protect endangered wildlife and what is morally right to do with
animals, in the professional sense.
4 Branches of Veterinary Ethics

1. Descriptive Veterinary Ethics
2. Official Veterinary Ethics
3. Administrative Veterinary Ethics
4. Normative Veterinary Ethics.
Descriptive Veterinary Ethics - actual values or standards of the profession regarding professional behavior
and attitudes.
Official Veterinary Ethics - the official veterinary standards formally adapted by organizations
composed of veterinarians and which this organization imposes upon their members.
Administrative Veterinary Ethics - moral standards for veterinarians in administrative governmental bodies
that regulate veterinary practice and various activities in which veterinarians engage.
Normative Veterinary Ethics - correct norms for veterinary professional behavior and attitude. This is the
most important of all the 4 branches.
Reference:
https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-319-09483-0_435#:~:text=For%20practical%20purposes%2C
%20veterinary%20ethics,are%20briefly%20described%20as%20follows.
Utilization of Learning
Direction: Differentiate the different branches of Veterinary Ethics and give examples each
IMPLICATIONS:
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
Supplementary Materials
LESSON 2: VETERINARY ETHICS AND RELIGION AND VETERINARY ETHICS AND LAW
Target Outcomes
1. Differentiate the differences among ethics, religion and law and how are they interrelated.
Abstraction
Veterinary Ethics and Religion
Consideration on how religious beliefs can affects views about how veterinarians ought to act. Dr. Robert
Miller said "Man has the right to utilize animals for his own welfare"
According to Dr. Harry Rowsell, “ The Bible does not only establish man's dominion over animals, but
urges us not to waste our resources, among which animals must be listed."
Dr. John Mulder said, "The Bible declares all animals subject to the uses and bounds established by
human beings. However, sufficient instructions are provided suggesting compassionate as well as proper and
humane use and care of animals. Although the Biblical position does not recognize animal rights if strongly
advocates respect for animal life".
An anonymous Veterinarian said, "Animals have the right to live their intended lives, which for some is to
serve man" "Animals are here for man to use but not to abuse". "Animals are here on earth to better the life of
human beings which are more important in the overall than animal life".
Religious differences can produce differences in views about the obligations of veterinarians such as;
– Someone who believes that God made animals to serve people may have problem killing a pet
no longer of interest to its owner, while someone who does not share this religious belief or who
believes that GOD gave animals a right to live, may come to a very different conclusion.
– Few veterinarians would object to the sterilization of animals to prevent breeding, but to some
orthodox Jew, the practice violates religious law.
– Hindus who believe eating meat to be a heinous sin cannot but find much of food animal
practice morally abhorrent.
It is extremely difficult to know what to do when people disagree on religious grounds about moral
obligations concerning animals. If they have the same religion, it might be possible for them to reach
agreement about the meaning of certain text or doctrine, but this may not always be possible.
Relationship between Veterinary Ethics and the Law
● A person may be able to choose to ignore the dictates of any particular religion but we often have no
such choice regarding the requirements of the law.
● The government can use its substantial power to force people to comply with the rules of the Law
standards and can subjects us to some punishment or deprivation if we do not.
● Violation of ethical norms can lead to its lawsuits against veterinarians.
● The law can influence veterinary ethics, by affecting veterinarians' decisions about how they ought to
act in given circumstance.
References:
https://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199935420.001.0001/oxfordhb-
9780199935420-e-10
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-26818-7_4
Direction: 1. How is veterinary ethics related to religion and vice versa? Explain comprehensively.
2. How does veterinary ethics influences the law or how does law influences ethics? Explain
vividly.
IMPLICATIONS:
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
LESSON 3: THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ETHICAL AND LEGAL STANDARDS
Target Outcomes
At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:
1. Differentiate between ethical and legal standards
Abstraction
One should keep in mind that something is required by Law does not necessarily make it
morally right or desirable. Law is made by people and they can be as morally bad as the people who
make them. Therefore, it is conceivable that there can be situations in which the Law can require a
veterinarian to do something, but his moral conscience might tell him something different.
Why one cannot always follow the Law?
1. The Law is often ethically neutral.
Example: Euthanasia is legal but it is also lawful to refuse on ethical grounds.
2. The Law can differ from correct normative standards
● Sometimes the dictates of normative veterinary ethics might be morally preferable to legal
standards.
● Someone can refuse to begin treating any animal simply because he does not feel like it. It
is sometimes morally wrong for a Veterinarian to turn away an animal in need of care
simply he feels like it. Official ethics condemns such an attitude (for emergency cases)
Principles of Veterinary Medical Ethics hold that "Every practitioner has a moral and ethical
responsibility to provide service when there are accidents or other emergencies involving animals because it
is necessary to save the life or relieve suffering.
Why one cannot ignore the Law?
Law will not always provide satisfactory guidance for approaching moral questions, it would also be
wrong for veterinarians to ignore the Law.
1. It can sometimes be morally wrong to disobey a bad law.
Violation of a bad law can lead to a more general disregard for the law, which can, in turn, result in
great harm.
Example: It is illegal for private citizens to posses and for veterinarians to treat, certain designated
species of wildlife without permission from the government. But there are some veterinarians who
ignore the law.
If it results injuries to people who do not know how dangerous these animals can be, those
veterinarians who consider themselves above the law may have to share part of the blame.
2. It can be imprudent to ignore the law.
– Disobeying the criminal law can result in a criminal prosecution, imprisonment or fine.
– Disobeying the civil law or criminal law can sometimes result in revocation or suspension of
one's license to practice veterinary medicine.
– Ignoring the law can ruin one's professional or personal life.
References and Suggested readings:

https://www.qcc.cuny.edu/socialsciences/ppecorino/ethics_text/Chapter_2_Moral%20Development/
Follow_the_Law.htm
https://www.quora.com/What-happens-if-we-dont-follow-the-rules
Direction: Differentiate ethical standards from legal standards. Give at least 2 situation or example
IMPLICATIONS:
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
LESSON 4: SELECTED ETHICAL STANDARDS AND VALUES IN VETERINARY MEDICINE
Target Outcomes
1. Apply the ethical standards and values in veterinary medicine in their day to day encounter with clients
and humanity in general.
Abstraction
Veterinary Ethics and Moral Theory

Concepts and principles of philosophical moral theory essential to the study of Veterinary Ethics.
3 Approaches to Ethics
1. Virtue - oriented ethical theories.
this is a character of trait or disposition which manifest itself over a wide range of situations and
which can be said to contribute to or be part of that is meant by. a good and moral life. Example:
honesty, kindness, generosity, courage, loyalty, modesty, compassion and fairness.
2. Action - oriented ethical theories - less concerned with how we should be than how we should act
Virtue oriented - focus upon what it is to live a good and a virtuous life Action oriented - ask what
people ought to do; tend to search for rules or decision procedures that can be applied to particular
moral issues to determine the correct course of behavior, tend to stress the concepts of duty and
obligations.
3. Value oriented
There are ethical theories that concentrate not on dispositions or action but on values, state of
affairs or ways of being which are good and therefore should be sought after.
Tend to be very general and are seen as following from very basic kinds of considerations
–Seeks to establish a hierarchy or stature of the basic values and will appeal to such a structure in
determining how people should behave and what character traits should be considered virtuous.
The importance of Virtuous, Actions and Values

–Honesty and compassionate to be prized, but compassion may suggest giving a less truthful and less
upsetting account.
Mapping the moral values of veterinarians
Descriptive Veterinary Ethics
Descriptive Veterinary Ethics - is the study of the actual ethical views of members of the veterinary
profession regarding professional behavior and attitudes.
–consist of an individual doctor or student seeking to understand his own professional and
moral values
–It involves a process of self understanding and evaluation.
Empirical descriptive veterinary ethics - factual study of the professional moral attitudes of numbers of
veterinarians (training to become veterinarians)
Introspective descriptive veterinary ethics - personal description by any such person of his own professional
moral values.
Ethical attitudes can be classified to their degree of generality or specificity.
“The responsibilities of the Veterinary profession extend not only to the patient but also to the
society”- general attitude
"A commercial boarding kennel may be owned by a veterinarian but should not be operated under a
veterinarian's name and the telephone number should be separated from that used by the veterinarian in the
conduct of the practice". Specific attitude.
Central and Peripheral Values

Any description of one's own or of one's profession's ethical attitudes must also recognize that some
attitudes and values are more central. They held more strongly and insisted more firmly than others.
Self and other regarding moral values
Some philosophers believe that ethics or morality relates to one's behavior or attitudes toward other
people. They assert that values or attitudes that pertain primarily to oneself are essentially aesthetic or
intellectual in nature and are not the concern of ethics. They remind us that living a good life includes not
just like behaving well toward others but also behaving well towards oneself. Ethics must consider values
that relates to one's obligations toward others.
Some of the purpose of descriptive veterinary ethics is to help practitioners understand what really
underlies value judgments they are in their professional lives, so that they could understand what values
issues are important to you/them and their profession and what solutions to these issues may be realistic.
But it is clear that personal attitudes do play an important role inn the judgments of many veterinarians.
Selected Values in Veterinary Medicine

1.Self oriented - career in private practice
- monetary gain
- personal satisfaction
- recognition
e.g. working outdoors, interacting with pet owners, competitive lifestyle, participate in
running a profitable business and freedom form business pressure.
2.Client oriented - private practice to assist clients in achieving their desires regarding their
animals.
- Client's monetary gain
- Client's personal satisfaction
3. Patient oriented - private practice to help individual animal.

- Alleviation of pain/suffering
- Promotion of patient's health
- Protection of lives of patients
4. Animal oriented - less interested in animals in the hospital or clinic setting than in promoting
the welfare of animals in general.
- Protection of animals in general
- Protection of certain species / kinds of animals
5. Profession oriented - active in state veterinary association
- Enjoyment of professional associations/activities
- Education of future veterinarians or technicians
6. Knowledge/Science /Theory oriented
- Scientific aspects of animals/ animal diseases
- Scientific aspects of human diseases
- Promotion of basic animal research
- Promotion of scientific research
7. Society oriented - public health area protecting people from animal transmitted diseases.
- Public (human) health
- Individual human health and well-being
- Human directed environment concerns
- Human directed industry/agriculture
- Animal control
Veterinary Medicine is an extraordinary diverse profession, not just in terms of what its members can
do, but also by virtue of their different ethical attitudes and priorities. Veterinarians traditionally have been
associated with human as well as animal concerns. They have worked in areas ranging from agribusiness
to wildlife management to the pharmaceutical industry to the military. Therefore the ethical "map" of
veterinary medicine may well be far more diverse and complex than human medicine or any of the learned
profession.
The Choice of Practice Style

Veterinary Medicine can encompass such a diversity of values and attitudes, it is extremely
important for each practitioner and student to understand his own value structure. Failure to do so can have
a disastrous result.
Example: Veterinary school tends to encourage students who earn high grades to enter academic veterinary
medicine - professional life. But veterinarians whose temperaments and ethical values are not suited to the way
they find themselves practicing may fail in their chosen area or if successful, may be miserable for the rest of
their lives. They may blame their misfortune on their chosen field and may even come to see it as morally
wrong. They may think that they are somewhat deficient. They may abandon the practice of veterinary
medicine.
Administrative Veterinary Ethics

● The government application of ethical standards
Administrative Veterinary Ethics - is the process of application of ethical standards to veterinarians by

administrative government agencies. Administrative agencies are branches of government, which can use the
substantial force of the law to compel adherence to these standards. Example: regulate veterinary practice -
board exam
Nature/functions of Administrative Agencies
Administrative agency - a government authority other than a court and other than a legislative body, which
affects the rights of private parties through either adjudication, rule making, investigating, prosecuting,
negotiating, setting or informally acting.
Statutes - defined as functions and proper activities of an agency; decisions that violate these boundaries or that
are in error can often be appealed in the courts.
ETHICAL STANDARDS AND THE VETERINARY BOARD
1. Good moral character

– Applicant may be defined of license without good moral character
– revoke an existing license
Reason: society has a right to expect that a veterinarian must be proficient, good and decent
person, worthy of the great trust placed in him by his clients, sensitive to the great power he has
over the health and lives of his patients.
2. Conviction on of felony or of a crime involving moral turpitude
– An evidence of bad moral character and lack of trustworthiness.
3. Conviction of crime directly relating to the practice of veterinary medicine or the practice of veterinary
medicine or the ability to practice veterinary medicine.
– Any crime that reflects poorly on a practitioner's honesty, trustfulness
– Any good reputation is a crime related to the practice of Veterinary Medicine
4. Conviction of any crime - same as number 2
5. Conviction of the federal controlled substances act or state controlled substances drug laws.
Example: smuggling
6. Chronic inebriety or habitual use of drugs

a. suspend or revoke a license
b. alcohols or drugs
7. Use of false, misleading or deceptive advertising -marketing

8. Conviction of cruelty to animals - practice of cruelty to animals, treating a patient inhumanely.
9. The employment of fraud, misrepresentation or deception in obtaining a license to practice.
References:
https://www.avma.org/sites/default/files/resources/2014S_Resolution8_Attch1.pdf
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/276294680_Veterinary_Ethics
Direction: In your own view, explain what is the ethics and law in veterinary medicine
IMPLICATIONS:
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Unit 2
THE VETERINARIAN AND THE PROFESSION
LESSON 1: EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES AND GOVERNMENT AGENCIES
Target Outcomes
1. Be aware of agencies, government and private, for employment opportunities
Abstraction
Veterinary Medicine is a field of medical science primarily concerned with animal health, production,
welfare, and conservation; promotion of public health; and the advancement of medical knowledge for the
benefit of the society and the environment.
Veterinarians, also called Doctors of Veterinary Medicine who study, treat and control animal injuries
and diseases.
Veterinarians are dedicated women and men whose profession is caring for the health and well-being of
animals.
Their work is widely varied and may include such activities as clinical practice, biomedical research,
education, diagnostic laboratories, consultation, or safeguarding our nation’s food supply. Whatever their
specialty, veterinarians are dedicated to maintaining and promoting animal health. They understand the
importance of animal welfare and the interdependent relationships between animals and humans.
Employment Opportunities of a Veterinarian are:
● Private Practice
About 80% of veterinarians choose to work in private practice, providing health care for companion
animals. Veterinarians in private clinical practice work to prevent disease and other health problems
within their patients. Private practitioners may focus on small animals (dogs, cats, and/or exotic pets), large
animals (horses and/or ruminants), or work in a mixed animal practice with small and large animals.
Many practitioners narrow their interests further, such as equine, avian, or feline veterinarians.
Many veterinarians acquire additional training to specialize in disciplines such as cardiology,
dermatology, internal medicine, oncology (cancer), ophthalmology, and surgery
● Research
The veterinarians contribute to human health as well as animal health by engaging in research to prevent
and treat diseases. These veterinarians may conduct clinical research on health problems which afflict both
humans and animals, investigate the effects of drug therapies, and test potential new surgical techniques.
Research veterinarians usually work in laboaratories, conducting clinical research on human and animal
health problems. They performs tests on animals to identify the effects of drugs therapies and tests surgical
techniques and conduct researches how to prevent, control and eliminate food and animal borne illnesses and
diseases.
● Education
Thousands of veterinarians teach in universities and colleges helping to spread the knowledge of animal
health and disease . They have training in both teaching and veterinary medicine. Veterinarians in educational
institutions teach students, conduct research, write for scientific journals and consumer magazines, and develop
continuing education programs.
● Diagnostic Laboratories
Fundamental to treatment of animal diseases is the need to establish a definitive diagnosis. Veterinarians
who specialize in diagnostics include those with advanced training in pathology and microbiology. These
specialists focus their careers on developing and utilizing state of the art equipment and techniques to a rinary
and animal health community.
Diagnostic laboratories may be associated with veterinary or medical teaching hospitals or may be
privately owned and operated. In diagnostic labs affiliated with teaching hospitals, veterinary specialists are
often also involved with teaching and research.
● Consultation
Various businesses and organizations employ experienced veterinarians as full-time or part-time

consultants. To be a successful consultant requires advanced skills developed through years of experience and
advanced training and education.
These veterinarians advise private businesses such as ranches, dairies, poultry farms, and meat
processing facilities. They also work with public organizations such as animal shelters, humane societies, and
others.
● Public Health and Regulatory Medicine
Veterinarians involve in public health and regulatory medicine particularly in governmental agencies
work to control the transmission of animal to human (zoonotic) diseases.
In regulatory medicine, public health veterinarians inspect meat, poultry, and dairy products, test for
livestock disease, and oversee interstate transport of animals.
Public health veterinarians are hired to investigate food-borne disease outbreaks, evaluate the safety of
food and water, and study the effects of biological and environmental contamination.
In regulatory medicine, public health veterinarians inspect meat, poultry, and dairy products, test for
livestock disease, and oversee interstate transport of animals.
● Government agencies
◆ Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau (PAWB)
◆ Department of Environment and Natural Resources
◆ Department of Health
◆ Department of Agriculture
◆ Local Government Units

◆ Department of National Defense
References and suggested readings:

https://collegegrad.com/careers/veterinarians
https://vetmed.oregonstate.edu/students/future/dvm/career-opportunities-veterinary-medicine
http://ble.dole.gov.ph/index.php/cg/21-veterinarian
https://collegegrad.com/careers/veterinarians
https://www.aavmc.org/students-applicants-and-advisors/careers-in-veterinary-medicine
Direction: Make a list of possible or potential employment agencies which are not included in the list and
explain the role of veterinarian/s in the agency
IMPLICATIONS:
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
LESSON 2: VETERINARY MEDICINE PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
PHILIPPINE VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSION
THE VETERINARIAN’S OATH
Target Outcomes
1. Choose or speculate the field he or she is interested to specialize.
Abstraction
The Philippine Veterinary Medical Association (PVMA) is the principal association of licensed
veterinarian in the Philippines.
Other organizations affiliated to PVMA:
● Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau (PAWB) of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources
(DENR)
● National Meat Inspection Commission (NMIC) of the DA
● Agriculture Training Institute (ATI) of DA
● Philippine Veterinary Medical Association
● Veterinary Practitioners Association of the Philippines (VPAP)
● Philippine Animal Hospital Association (PA HA)
● Philippine Animal Welfare Society (PAWS)
● Philippine Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (PSPCA)
● Philippine Society of Swine Practitioners (PSSP)
● Philippine College of Canine Practitioners (PCCP)
● Philippine Society of Animal Science (PSAS)
Several chapters of PVMA, Inc. had been established as the profession of veterinary medicine
progressed during the period of modern-day Philippines.
There had been a number of veterinary associations that become affiliates to PVMA, Inc. The first
association to be affiliated to PVMA, Inc. was the Cebu Veterinary Medical Society, founded in November
1963 and was then headed by Dr. Nestor R. Alonzo as its president while seconded by Dr. Rosalio C. Mandin as
vice-president.
From 1974 onward, there had been other independent veterinary organizations that affiliated themselves
with PVMA, Inc. Among them were the City Veterinarians League (CVL, established in 1975), the Veterinary
Practitioners Association of the Philippines (VPAP, established in 1972, formerly known as the Veterinary
Private Practitioners Association when it was founded by private veterinary medicine practitioners), the
Veterinary Women's League (VWL, established in 1973, which later became known as the Philippine
Veterinary Women's Association, PVWA), the Philippine Animal Hospital Association (PAHA, established in
1978) and the Philippine Society of Veterinary Diagnosticians (PSVD, registered with PVMA, Inc. in 1981),
the Veterinary Quarantine Officers of the Philippines (VQOP, established in 1986),and the Davao Veterinary
Private Practitioners Association (DVPPA, established in 1984).
Professional Regulation Commission (PRC)

The Professional Regulation Commission is the instrument of the Filipino people in securing for the
nation a reliable, trustworthy and progressive system of determining the competence of professionals by
credible and valid licensure examinations and standards of professional practice that are globally recognized.
A person who is authorized to practice veterinary medicine and surgery shall append or cause to be
appended to his name the letters
D.V.M. (Doctor of Veterinary Medicine),
V.M.D. (Veterinary Medical Doctor),
D.V.S. (Doctor of Veterinary of Science).
The words “Veterinarian, ”Veterinary Surgeon, “Veterinary Dentist,” or “Veterinary” any other initial or
title implying qualification to practice, offer or render, for a fee or otherwise, services such as:
● the examination and/or diagnosis, treatment, operation of, or the prescribing and dispensing of any remedy
for, any injury to or diseases, ailment or deformity of animals;
● attesting for official or commercial purpose to the health of any terrestrial, aquatic, domestic or non-
domestic animals;
● rendering veterinary technical services which indirectly affect the health and welfare of human beings and
animals;
● attesting to the fitness for human consumption of animal products and by-products;
● holding of any job or position in a public or private entity which requires knowledge of or skill in
veterinary medicine; or teaching or lecturing of veterinary clinical subjects in the curriculum of the degree
in veterinary medicine.
The Veterinarian’s Oath

Being admitted to the profession of veterinary medicine, I solemnly swear to use my scientific
knowledge and skills for the benefit of society through the protection of animal health, the relief of animal
suffering, the conservation of animal resources, the promotion of public health, and the advancement of medical
knowledge.
I will practice my profession conscientiously, with dignity, and in keeping with the principles of
veterinary medical ethics.
I accept as a lifelong obligation the continual improvement of my professional knowledge and
competence.
References:
http://pvma.com.ph/
https://www.prc.gov.ph/
Direction: Be familiarized with the different veterinary medicine organizations. Make a list of international
veterinary medicine organizations which a Filipino veterinarian can join or become a member.
IMPLICATIONS:
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
Unit 3
THE VETERINARIAN AND THE LAWS
LESSON 1: CIVIL SERVICE RULE OF CONDUCT

Target Outcomes
1. Learn and comprehend the salient rules of demeanor/behavior expected of a professional
Abstraction
The Civil Service Code, forms part of the terms and conditions of every civil servant. It was first
introduced in 1996 and has been updated several times since.
The Civil Service Commission has two important roles in relation to the Civil Service Code. The
Commission hears complaints under the Code from civil servants. The Commission also works with
Departments to help them with their promotion of the Code.
The Civil Service Code outlines the core values of the Civil Service:
Honesty
Integrity
Impartiality
Objectivity
It describes the standards of behavior expected of individual civil servants against each of these four
values.
If a civil servant is asked to do something which conflicts with the values in the Code, or is aware that
another civil servant is acting in conflict with the values, he or she should raise a concern within their own
department.
Their department should investigate their concern. If they are dissatisfied with the outcome of the
investigation they may bring a complaint to the Civil Service Commission. The Commission may also hear a
complaint direct.
As the Civil Service Code is about the core values of the Civil Service it does not cover areas outside
this forum such as:
● personnel management grievances
● disagreements about the merits of policy
● disagreements about management decisions
Such matters should be pursued through the normal channels within the department.
The Civil Service Code is sometimes confused with the Civil Service Management Code (also issued by the
Cabinet Office) which deals with the management of the Civil Service terms and conditions of employment etc.
The Civil Service Code is also sometimes confused with the Civil Service Commission’s Recruitment
Principles. The Recruitment Principles set out the Commission’s interpretation of the principle of appointment
on merit on the basis of fair and open competition.
Republic Act No. 6713

AN ACT ESTABLISHING A CODE OF CONDUCT AND ETHICAL STANDARDS FOR
PUBLIC OFFICIALS AND EMPLOYEES.
Section 1. Title.
This Act shall be known as the "Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for Public Officials and
Employees."
Section 2. Declaration of Policies.
It is the policy of the State to promote a high standard of ethics in public service. Public officials and
employees shall at all times be accountable to the people and shall discharge their duties with utmost
responsibility, integrity, competence, and loyalty, act with patriotism and justice, lead modest lives, and uphold
public interest over personal interest.
Section 3. Definition of Terms. - As used in this Act, the term:
(a) "Government" includes the National Government, the local governments, and all other
instrumentalities, agencies or branches of the Republic of the Philippines including government-owned or
controlled corporations, and their subsidiaries.
(b) "Public Officials" includes elective and appointive officials and employees, permanent or temporary,
whether in the career or non-career service, including military and police personnel, whether or not they receive
compensation, regardless of amount.
(c) "Gift" refers to a thing or a right to dispose of gratuitously, or any act or liberality, in favor of
another who accepts it, and shall include a simulated sale or an ostensibly onerous disposition thereof. It shall
not include an unsolicited gift of nominal or insignificant value not given in anticipation of, or in exchange for,
a favor from a public official or employee.
(d) "Receiving any gift" includes the act of accepting directly or indirectly, a gift from a person other
than a member of his family or relative as defined in this Act, even on the occasion of a family celebration or
national festivity like Christmas, if the value of the gift is neither nominal nor insignificant, or the gift is given
in anticipation of, or in exchange for, a favor.
(e) "Loan" covers both simple loan and commodatum as well as guarantees, financing arrangements or
accommodations intended to ensure its approval.(f) "Substantial stockholder" means any person who owns,
directly or indirectly, shares of stock sufficient to elect a director of a corporation. This term shall also apply to
the parties to a voting trust.
(g) "Family of public officials or employees" means their spouses and unmarried children under
eighteen (18) years of age.
(h) "Person" includes natural and juridical persons unless the context indicates otherwise.
(i) "Conflict of interest" arises when a public official or employee is a member of a board, an officer, or
a substantial stockholder of a private corporation or owner or has a substantial interest in a business, and the
interest of such corporation or business, or his rights or duties therein, may be opposed to or affected by the
faithful performance of official duty.
(j) "Divestment" is the transfer of title or disposal of interest in property by voluntarily, completely and
actually depriving or dispossessing oneself of his right or title to it in favor of a person or persons other than his
spouse and relatives as defined in this Act.
(k) "Relatives" refers to any and all persons related to a public official or employee within the fourth
civil degree of consanguinity or affinity, including bilas, inso and balae.
Section 4. Norms of Conduct of Public Officials and Employees.
(A) Every public official and employee shall observe the following as standards of personal conduct in
the discharge and execution of official duties:
(a) Commitment to public interest. - Public officials and employees shall always uphold the public
interest over and above personal interest. All government resources and powers of their respective offices must
be employed and used efficiently, effectively, honestly and economically, particularly to avoid wastage in
public funds and revenues.
(b) Professionalism. - Public officials and employees shall perform and discharge their duties with the
highest degree of excellence, professionalism, intelligence and skill. They shall enter public service with utmost
devotion and dedication to duty. They shall endeavor to discourage wrong perceptions of their roles as
dispensers or peddlers of undue patronage.
(c) Justness and sincerity. - Public officials and employees shall remain true to the people at all times.
They must act with justness and sincerity and shall not discriminate against anyone, especially the poor and the
underprivileged. They shall at all times respect the rights of others, and shall refrain from doing acts contrary to
law, good morals, good customs, public policy, public order, public safety and public interest. They shall not
dispense or extend undue favors on account of their office to their relatives whether by consanguinity or affinity
except with respect to appointments of such relatives to positions considered strictly confidential or as members
of their personal staff whose terms are coterminous with theirs.
(d) Political neutrality. - Public officials and employees shall provide service to everyone without unfair
discrimination and regardless of party affiliation or preference.
(e) Responsiveness to the public. - Public officials and employees shall extend prompt, courteous, and
adequate service to the public. Unless otherwise provided by law or when required by the public interest, public
officials and employees shall provide information of their policies and procedures in clear and understandable
language, ensure openness of information, public consultations and hearings whenever appropriate, encourage
suggestions, simplify and systematize policy, rules and procedures, avoid red tape and develop an
understanding and appreciation of the socio-economic conditions prevailing in the country, especially in the
depressed rural and urban areas.
(f) Nationalism and patriotism. - Public officials and employees shall at all times be loyal to the
Republic and to the Filipino people, promote the use of locally produced goods, resources and technology and
encourage appreciation and pride of country and people. They shall endeavor to maintain and defend Philippine
sovereignty against foreign intrusion.
(g) Commitment to democracy. - Public officials and employees shall commit themselves to the
democratic way of life and values, maintain the principle of public accountability, and manifest by deeds the
supremacy of civilian authority over the military. They shall at all times uphold the Constitution and put loyalty
to country above loyalty to persons or party.
(h) Simple living. - Public officials and employees and their families shall lead modest lives appropriate
to their positions and income. They shall not indulge in extravagant or ostentatious display of wealth in any
form.
(B) The Civil Service Commission shall adopt positive measures to promote (1) observance of these
standards including the dissemination of information programs and workshops authorizing merit increases
beyond regular progression steps, to a limited number of employees recognized by their office colleagues to be
outstanding in their observance of ethical standards; and (2) continuing research and experimentation on
measures which provide positive motivation to public officials and employees in raising the general level of
observance of these standards.
Section 5. Duties of Public Officials and Employees. - In the performance of their duties, all public
officials and employees are under obligation to:
(a) Act promptly on letters and requests. - All public officials and employees shall, within fifteen (15)
working days from receipt thereof, respond to letters, telegrams or other means of communications sent by the
public. The reply must contain the action taken on the request.
(b) Submit annual performance reports. - All heads or other responsible officers of offices and agencies
of the government and of government-owned or controlled corporations shall, within forty-five (45) working
days from the end of the year, render a performance report of the agency or office or corporation concerned.
Such report shall be open and available to the public within regular office hours.
(c) Process documents and papers expeditiously. - All official papers and documents must be processed
and completed within a reasonable time from the preparation thereof and must contain, as far as practicable, not
more than three (3) signatories therein. In the absence of duly authorized signatories, the official next-in-rank or
officer in charge shall sign for and in their behalf.
(d) Act immediately on the public's personal transactions. - All public officials and employees must
attend to anyone who wants to avail himself of the services of their offices and must, at all times, act promptly
and expeditiously.
(e) Make documents accessible to the public. - All public documents must be made accessible to, and
readily available for inspection by, the public within reasonable working hours.
Section 6. System of Incentives and Rewards. - A system of annual incentives and rewards is hereby
established in order to motivate and inspire public servants to uphold the highest standards of ethics. For this
purpose, a Committee on Awards to Outstanding Public Officials and Employees is hereby created composed of
the following: the Ombudsman and Chairman of the Civil Service Commission as Co-Chairmen, and the
Chairman of the Commission on Audit, and two government employees to be appointed by the President, as
members.
It shall be the task of this Committee to conduct a periodic, continuing review of the performance of
public officials and employees, in all the branches and agencies of Government and establish a system of annual
incentives and rewards to the end that due recognition is given to public officials and employees of outstanding
merit on the basis of the standards set forth in this Act
The conferment of awards shall take into account, among other things, the following: the years of
service and the quality and consistency of performance, the obscurity of the position, the level of salary, the
unique and exemplary quality of a certain achievement, and the risks or temptations inherent in the work.
Incentives and rewards to government officials and employees of the year to be announced in public ceremonies
honoring them may take the form of bonuses, citations, directorships in government-owned or controlled
corporations, local and foreign scholarship grants, paid vacations and the like. They shall likewise be
automatically promoted to the next higher position with the commensurate salary suitable to their qualifications.
In case there is no next higher position or it is not vacant, said position shall be included in the budget of the
office in the next General Appropriations Act. The Committee on Awards shall adopt its own rules to govern
the conduct of its activities.
Section 7. Prohibited Acts and Transactions. - In addition to acts and omissions of public officials and
employees now prescribed in the Constitution and existing laws, the following shall constitute prohibited acts
and transactions of any public official and employee and are hereby declared to be unlawful:
(a) Financial and material interest. - Public officials and employees shall not, directly or indirectly, have
any financial or material interest in any transaction requiring the approval of their office.
(b) Outside employment and other activities related thereto. - Public officials and employees during
their incumbency shall not:
(1) Own, control, manage or accept employment as officer, employee, consultant, counsel,
broker, agent, trustee or nominee in any private enterprise regulated, supervised or licensed by their
office unless expressly allowed by law;
(2) Engage in the private practice of their profession unless authorized by the Constitution or
law, provided, that such practice will not conflict or tend to conflict with their official functions; or
(3) Recommend any person to any position in a private enterprise which has a regular or
pending official transaction with their office.
These prohibitions shall continue for a period of one (1) year after resignation , retirement or separation
from public office, except in the case of subparagraph (b) (2) above, but the professional concerned cannot
practice his profession in connection with any matter before the office he used to with in which case the one-
year prohibition shall likewise apply.
(c) Disclosure and/or misuse of confidential information. - Public officials and employees shall not use
or divulge, confidential or classified information officially known to them by reason of their office and not
made available to the public, either:
(1) to further their private interest, or give undue advantage to anyone;or
(2) to prejudice the public interest.
(d) Solicitation or acceptance of gifts. - Public officials and employees shall not solicit or accept,
directly or indirectly, any gift, gratuity, favor, entertainment, loan or anything of monetary value from any
person in the course of their official duties or n connection with any operation being regulated by, or any
transaction which may be affected by the functions of their office.
As to gifts or grants from foreign governments, the congress consents to:
(i) The acceptance and retention by a public official or employee a gift of nominal value tendered
and received as a souvenir or mark of courtesy.
(ii) The acceptance by a public official or employee of a gift in the nature of a scholarship or
fellowship grant or medical treatment;or
(iii) The acceptance by a public official or employee of travel grants or expenses for travel taking
place entirely outside the Philippines ( such as allowances, transportation, food and lodging) or more than
nominal value if such acceptance is appropriate or consistent with the interest s of the Philippines, and permitted
by the head of office, branch or agency to which he belongs.
The Ombudsman shall prescribe such regulations as may be necessary to carry out the purpose of this
subsection, including pertinent reporting and disclosure requirements.
Nothing in this Act shall be construed to restrict or prohibit any educational, scientific or cultural exchange
programs subject to national security requirements.
Section 8. Statements and Disclosure. Public officials and employess have an obligation to accomplish and
submit declarations under oath of, and the public has the right to know, their assets , liabilities, net worth and
financial and business interests including those of their spouses and of unmarried children under eighteen (18)
years of age living in their households.
(A) Statement of Assets and Liabilities and Financial Disclosure.
The two documents shall contain information on the following:

(a) real property, its improvements, acquisition costs, assessed value and current fair market value;
(b) personal property and acquisition cost;
(c) all other assets such as investments, cash on hand or in banks, stocks, bonds, and the like;
(d) liabilities, and;
(e) all business interests and financial connections.
The documents must be filed:

(a) within thirty (30) days after assumption of office;
(b) on or before April 30, of every year thereafter; and
(c) within thirty (30) days after separation from the service.
All public officials and employees required under this section to file the aforestated documents shall also
execute, within thirty (30) days from the date of their assumption of office, the necessary authority in favor of
the Ombudsman to obtain from all appropriate government agencies, including the Bureau of Internal Revenue,
such documents as may show their assets, liabilities, net worth, and also their business interests and financial
connections in previous years, including, if possible, the year when they first assumed any office in the
Government.
Husband and wife who are both public officials or employees may file the required statements jointly or
separately.
The Statements of Assets, Liabilities and Net Worth and the Disclosure of Business Interests and Financial
Connections shall be filed by:
(1) Constitutional and national elective officials, with the national office of the Ombudsman;
(2) Senators and Congressmen, with the Secretaries of the Senate and the House of Representatives,
respectively; Justices, with the Clerk of Court of the Supreme Court; Judges, with the
Court Administrator; and all national executive officials with the Office of the President.
(3) Regional and local officials and employees, with the Deputy Ombudsman in their respective regions;
(4) Officers of the armed forces from the rank of colonel or naval captain, with the Office of the
President, and those below said ranks, with the Deputy Ombudsman in their respective
regions; and
(5) All other public officials and employees, defined in Republic Act No. 3019, as amended, with the
Civil Service Commission.
(B) Identification and disclosure of relatives. - It shall be the duty of every public official or employee to
identify and disclose, to the best of his knowledge and information, his relatives in the Government in the form,
manner and frequency prescribed by the Civil Service Commission.
(C) Accessibility of documents. -
(1) Any and all statements filed under this Act, shall be made available for inspection at reasonable
hours.
(2) Such statements shall be made available for copying or reproduction after ten (10) working days
from the time they are filed as required by law.
(3) Any person requesting a copy of a statement shall be required to pay a reasonable fee to cover the
cost of reproduction and mailing of such statement, as well as the cost of certification.
(4) Any statement filed under this Act shall be available to the public for a period of ten (10) years after
receipt of the statement. After such period, the statement may be destroyed unless needed
in an ongoing investigation.
(D) Prohibited acts. - It shall be unlawful for any person to obtain or use any statement filed under this Act for:
(a) any purpose contrary to morals or public policy; or
(b) any commercial purpose other than by news and communications media for dissemination to the
general public.
Section 9. Divestment. - A public official or employee shall avoid conflicts of interest at all times. When a
conflict of interest arises, he shall resign from his position in any private business enterprise within thirty (30)
days from his assumption of office and/or divest himself of his shareholdings or interest within sixty (60) days
from such assumption.
The same rule shall apply where the public official or employee is a partner in a partnership.
The requirement of divestment shall not apply to those who serve the Government in an honorary capacity nor
to laborers and casual or temporary workers.
Section 10. Review and Compliance Procedure. - (a) The designated Committees of both Houses of the
Congress shall establish procedures for the review of statements to determine whether said statements which
have been submitted on time, are complete, and are in proper form. In the event a determination is made that a
statement is not so filed, the appropriate Committee shall so inform the reporting individual and direct him to
take the necessary corrective action.
(b) In order to carry out their responsibilities under this Act, the designated Committees of both Houses
of Congress shall have the power within their respective jurisdictions, to render any
opinion interpreting this Act, in writing, to persons covered by this Act, subject in each
instance to the approval by affirmative vote of the majority of the
particular House concerned.
The individual to whom an opinion is rendered, and any other individual involved in a similar
factual situation, and who, after issuance of the opinion acts in good faith in accordance with it
shall not be subject to any sanction provided in this Act.
(c) The heads of other offices shall perform the duties stated in subsections (a) and (b) hereof insofar as
their respective offices are concerned, subject to the approval of the Secretary of Justice,
in the case of the Executive Department and the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, in the case
of the Judicial Department.
Section 11. Penalties. -
(a) Any public official or employee, regardless of whether or not he holds office or employment in a
casual, temporary, holdover, permanent or regular capacity, committing any violation of this Act shall
be punished with a fine not exceeding the equivalent of six (6) months' salary or suspension not
exceeding one (1) year, or removal depending on the gravity of the offense after due notice and hearing
by the appropriate body or agency. If the violation is punishable by a heavier penalty under another law,
he shall be prosecuted under the latter statute. Violations of Sections 7, 8 or 9 of this Act shall be
punishable with imprisonment not exceeding five (5) years, or a fine not exceeding five thousand pesos
(P5,000), or both, and, in the discretion of the court of competent jurisdiction, disqualification to hold
public office.
(b) Any violation hereof proven in a proper administrative proceeding shall be sufficient cause for
removal or dismissal of a public official or employee, even if no criminal prosecution is
instituted against him.
(c) Private individuals who participate in conspiracy as co-principals, accomplices or accessories, with
public officials or employees, in violation of this Act, shall be subject to the same penal
liabilities as the public officials or employees and shall be tried jointly with them.
(d) The official or employee concerned may bring an action against any person who obtains or uses a
report for any purpose prohibited by Section 8 (D) of this Act. The Court in which such
action is brought may assess against such person a penalty in any amount not to exceed
twenty-five thousand pesos (P25,000). If another sanction hereunder or under any other law is
heavier, the latter shall apply.
Section 12. Promulgation of Rules and Regulations, Administration and Enforcement of this Act. - The Civil
Service Commission shall have the primary responsibility for the administration and enforcement of this Act. It
shall transmit all cases for prosecution arising from violations of this Act to the proper authorities for
appropriate action: Provided, however, That it may institute such administrative actions and disciplinary
measures as may be warranted in accordance with law. Nothing in this provision shall be construed as a
deprivation of the right of each House of Congress to discipline its Members for disorderly behavior.
The Civil Service Commission is hereby authorized to promulgate rules and regulations necessary to carry out
the provisions of this Act, including guidelines for individuals who render free voluntary service to the
Government. The Ombudsman shall likewise take steps to protect citizens who denounce acts or omissions of
public officials and employees which are in violation of this Act.
Section 13. Provisions for More Stringent Standards. - Nothing in this Act shall be construed to derogate from
any law, or any regulation prescribed by any body or agency, which provides for more stringent standards for its
official and employees.
Section 14. Appropriations. - The sum necessary for the effective implementation of this Act shall be taken
from the appropriations of the Civil Service Commission. Thereafter, such sum as may be needed for its
continued implementation shall be included in the annual General Appropriations Act.
Section 15. Separability Clause. - If any provision of this Act or the application of such provision to any person
or circumstance is declared invalid, the remainder of the Act or the application of such provision to other
persons or circumstances shall not be affected by such declaration.
Section 16. Repealing Clause. - All laws, decrees and orders or parts thereof inconsistent herewith, are deemed
repealed or modified accordingly, unless the same provide for a heavier penalty.
Section 17. Effectivity. - This Act shall take effect after thirty (30) days following the completion of its
publication in the Official Gazette or in two (2) national newspapers of general circulation.
Approved, February 20, 1989.
References:
The Lawphil Project - Arellano Law Foundation

http://www.csc.gov.ph/phocadownload/GovtIssuances/Rules_RA6713.pdf
https://www.dilg.gov.ph/PDF_File/issuances/republic_acts/RA_6713.PDF
Direction: Make a synthesis of RA 6713 pointing out the salient provisions
IMPLICATIONS:
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
LESSON 2: ANIMAL INDUSTRY LAWS
Target Outcomes
1. Learn and comprehend the salient rules of demeanor/behavior expected of a professional
Abstraction
Republic Act No. 3639 is an act creating the Bureau of Animal Industry
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 3639 AN ACT CREATING THE BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY,
DEFINING ITS POWERS AND FUNCTIONS, PROVIDING FOR ITS PERSONNEL; MAKING
APPROPRIATION FOR ITS ORGANIZATION AND OPERATION; CHANGING THE NAME OF
THE BUREAU OF AGRICULTURE TO BUREAU OF PLANT INDUSTRY, AND OTHER
PURPOSES.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Legislature assembled
and by authority of the same:
Section 1. Creation of the Bureau of Animal Industry- There is hereby created under the Department of
Agriculture and Natural Resources an office to be known as the Bureau of Animal Industry.
Section 2. Chief Officials of the Bureau of Animal Industry- The Bureau of Animal Industry shall have one
chief and one assistant chief, to be known respectively as the Director of the Bureau of Animal Industry and
Assistant Director of the Bureau of Animal Industry. The Director of the Bureau of Animal Industry and
Assistant Director of the Bureau of Animal Industry shall be either a competent veterinary surgeon or a man
well trained in animal husbandry. They shall receive compensations at the rates of seven thousand two hundred
and six thousand pesos per annum, respectively: Provided, that should any person now in the service of the
Government of the Philippine Island receiving a rate of compensation higher than the amount herein authorized
be appointed the first Director of the Bureau of Animal Industry, the salary of such Director shall be equal to
the total remuneration now being received by him for service rendered in one or more government entities:
Provided, however, that the said rate of salary shall not exceed twelve thousand pesos per annum and shall be in
effect only as long as the said Director remains in office.
Subject to the general supervision and control of the Secretary of Agriculture and Natural Resources, the
Director of the Bureau of Animal Industry shall possess the powers generally conferred upon bureau chiefs.
Section 3. Functions of the Bureau of Animal Industry The Bureau of Animal Industry shall investigate, study
and report upon:
1. condition of domestic animals in the Philippine Islands, their improved reproduction and care;
2. inquire into and report the causes of dangerous communicable diseases among them, and the means for
the prevention and cure of the same, and in general,
3. to promote the development of the livestock industry in the country, as follows:
a. By the introduction of improved or purebred domestic animals for breeding purposes, and the
improvement of the quality of the breeds or types of domestic animals now found in the Islands;
b. By the control and eradication of dangerous communicable diseases of domestic animals;
c. By conducting a system of demonstration and extension work and encouraging fairs and
exhibitions
to promote the livestock industry;
d. By the collection and compilation of statistics on domestic animals;
e. By the dissemination of useful information on all essential matters regarding domestic animals
through the publication and distribution of bulletins, circulars, and other printed matter, and
through other means of agencies as maybe deemed effective, and;
f. By taking such steps, adopting such measures and promulgating such rules and regulations; not
inconsistent with the provisions of this Act and subject to the approval of the Secretary of
Agriculture and Natural Resources, as maybe deemed necessary to promote the livestock
industry.
Section 4. Terms Defined

Domestic animal as herein used, includes horses, mules, asses, cattle, carabaos, hogs, sheep, goats, dogs, deer,
fowls and circus animals or those intended to be used for show purposes.
Dangerous communicable diseases as herein used, include glanders or farcy, surra, anthrax, rinderpest,
hemorrhagic septicemia, European Fowl Pest, fowl cholera, fowl typhoid, or any other acute communicable
diseases, which may cause a mortality of over 5% in a period of one (1) month.
Section 5. Animal quarantine, Inspection and Importation, Rinderpest Vaccine, Powers and Duties of the
Bureau of Animal Industry- The power, functions and duties vested in the Bureau of Agriculture by virtue of
the following provisions:
Seventeen hundred and sixty-two (1762) Bringing of animals imported from foreign countries into the
Philippine Islands;
Seventeen hundred sixty-three (1763) Removal of diseased animals from province to province prohibited;
Seventeen hundred and sixty-four (1764) Regulation concerning removal of diseased animals from infected
localities;
Seventeen hundred and sixty-five (1765) Powers and Duties of Animal Industry relative to animal quarantine,
inspection and sanitation;
Seventeen hundred and sixty-six (1766) Delivery of diseased animal to place of quarantine; Seventeen hundred
and sixty-seven (1767) Disposition of body of animals dying of rinderpest;
Seventeen hundred and sixty-eight (1768) Unlawful disposition of parts of animals dying of rinderpest;
Seventeen hundred and sixty-nine (1769) Marking of cattle afflicted with surra;
Seventeen hundred and seventy (1770) Prohibition against bringing of animals from infected foreign countries
of the Revised Administrative Code of nineteen hundred and seventeen (1917);
by virtue of Acts Numbered thirty-one hundred and one (1301), entitled An Act authorizing the Director of
Agriculture, subject to the approval of the Secretary of Agriculture and Natural Resources, to promulgate
regulations for the preparation, sale, traffic in shipment and importation of viral vaccines, serum, toxins or
analogous products used for the treatment of domestic animals, and
thirty-one hundred and sixty-six (3166), entitled An Act providing animals for the use of rinderpest vaccine in
the control of rinderpest and other contagious and infectious cattle diseases, appropriate the sum of one hundred
thousand pesos, and for other purposes, and of such acts or parts of acts wherein the intervention of the Bureau
of Agriculture is required expressly, or impliedly, in matters concerning domestic animals or their diseases, are
hereby transferred to and vested in the Bureau of Animal Industry.
Section 6. Stock Farms, Slaughterhouses and Breeding Stations In such places in the Philippine Islands as
maybe considered suitable for the purpose, the Director of Animal Industry, with the approval of the Secretary
of Agriculture and Natural Resources, shall, as funds become available therefore establish, equip, maintain and
operate stock farms, slaughterhouses and breeding stations to produce and develop superior types of domestic
animals adapted to local conditions and needs.
Section 7. Transfer of certain divisions to the Bureau of Animal Industry- The Divisions of Animal Industry,
comprising the veterinary section, the animal husbandry section, the animal quarantine stations, the veterinary
research laboratory, and the stock farms, of the Bureau of Agriculture; the stock farms established under Act
Numbered twenty-seven hundred and fiftyeight (1758) and the appropriations therefore and all other
governmental agencies connected with these activities, together with their personnel, equipment, implements,
materials, properties and other complementary effects, are hereby transferred to the Bureau of Animal Industry.
The Director of the Bureau of Animal Industry shall, subject to the approval of the Secretary of Agriculture and
Natural Resources, reorganize these activities into such divisions, or sections as well insure the simplest
organization and maximum efficiency, and create such other divisions or sections, together with the positions
required therein, as maybe deemed necessary for the proper functioning of the said Bureau; Provided, that the
Secretary of Agriculture and Natural Resources, may, in the interest of the service, or for reasons of economy,
or due to lack of funds, transfer such positions with their respective appropriations from the administrative,
clerical, or other non-technical force of the Bureau of Agriculture to the Bureau of Animal Industry as may be
urgently needed by the said Bureau of Animal Industry.
Section 8. Bureau of Plant Industry The different divisions, sub-divisions, sections, experimental stations, etc.,
of the Bureau of Agriculture and all activities of agencies connected therewith which have not been transferred
by virtue of this Act to the Bureau of Animal Industry, shall collectively, constitute and be known as the Bureau
of Plant Industry. The powers, functions, exofficio positions and duties vested by law or executive order in the
Director of Agriculture and the Bureau of Agriculture which have not been transferred to the Bureau of Animal
Industry, are hereby vested in and are to be performed by the Director of Plant Industry and the Bureau of Plant
Industry. The Chief and Assistant Chief of the said Bureau shall be known respectively as the Director of the
Bureau of Plant Industry and Assistant Director of the Bureau of Plant Industry and shall receive the same
compensations as that heretofore authorized for the Director and Assistant Director of the Bureau of
Agriculture; Provided, that the Director of the Bureau of Plant Industry shall not be paid any additional
compensation for services he may render in any government entities.
Section 9. Appropriation -There is hereby appropriated, out of any funds in the Insular Treasury not otherwise
appropriated, the sum of twenty thousand pesos which, together with funds appropriated in the General
Appropriations Act (GAA) for nineteen hundred and thirty (1930) for the division of animal industry and other
activities transferred by this Act from the Bureau of Agriculture to the Bureau of Animal Industry, shall be
available for the payment of salaries of the personnel; traveling expenses of personnel, freight, express and
delivery service; postal, telegraph, telephone and cable services; illumination and power service; rental of
buildings and grounds; consumption of supplies and materials; printing and binding reports, documents and
publications; contributions and gratuities; and other services; Provided, That the special appropriations made in
the said General Appropriations Act (GAA) for nine hundred and thirty shall be devoted exclusively to the
purposes for which they are appropriated: Provided, further, That the Secretary of Agriculture and Natural
Resources shall apportion between the Bureau of Animal Industry and the Bureau of Plant Industry the
appropriations made for salaries and wages for temporary and emergency employees including laborers and
sundry expenses for the Bureau of Agriculture in the GAA for nineteen hundred and thirty (1930).
Section 10. All acts or parts of acts inconsistent with the provisions of this Act are hereby amended or repealed
accordingly.
Section 11. This Act shall take effect on January first, nineteen hundred and thirty (1930). Approved. December
7, 1929.
Republic of the Philippines
Ministry of Agriculture
BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY
Manila
PROVISIONS OF THE REVISED ADMINISTRATIVE CODE AFFECTING THE BUREAU OF

ANIMAL INDUSTRY
Section 1761. Terms defined - Domestic animals, as herein used, includes horses, mules, cattle, carabaos, hogs,
sheep goats, dogs, deer, and circus animals or those intended for show purpose.
Dangerous communicable disease as herein used, includes glanders, or farcy, surra, rinderpest,
hemorrhagic septicemia, hog cholera, foot-and-mouth disease, contagious pleuropneumonia, or any other acute
communicable disease which may case a mortality of over five per centum in the period one month.
Section 1762. Bringing of animals imported from foreign countries into the Philippines. It shall be unlawful for
any person or corporation to import, bring or introduce live cattle into the Philippines from any foreign country.
The director of Animal Industry may, with approval of the Head of the Department first had authorized the
importation, bringing or introduction of various classes of thoroughbred cattle from foreign countries for
breeding the same to the native cattle of the Philippines, and such as may be necessary for the improvement of
the breed, not to exceed five hundred head per annum; provided, however, that the Director of Animal Industry
shall in all cases permit the importation, bringing or introduction of draft cattle and bovine cattle for the
manufacture of serum; provided, further, that all live cattle from foreign countries the importation, bringing or
introduction of which into the Philippines is authorized by this Act, shall be submitted to regulations issued by
the Director of Animal Industry, with the approval of the Head of the Department, prior to authorizing its
transfer to other provinces.
At any time of the approval of this Act, the President of the Philippines shall issue regulations in order to
provide against a raising of the price both fresh and refrigerated meat. The President of the Philippines also
may, by executive order, suspend this prohibition for a fixed period in case local conditions require it.
Section 1763. Removal of diseased animal from province to province prohibited. It shall be unlawful for any
person knowingly to ship, drive or otherwise take to transport from one island, province, municipality, or
municipal districts to another any domestic animal suffering from any dangerous communicable disease or to
expose such animal, either alive or dead to any public road, street, or highway where it may come in contact
with other domestic animals.
Section 1764. Regulation concerning removal of diseased animals from infected localities. When the
Department Head shall declare that a dangerous communicable disease prevails in any island, province,
municipality, or municipal district and that is danger of spreading such disease by shipping, driving, or
otherwise, transporting or taking out such island, province, municipality, or municipal district any class of
domestic animals, it shall be unlawful for any person, firm, or corporation to ship, drive, or otherwise remove
the kind of animals so specified from such locality except when accompanied by a certificate issued by
authority to be shipped, driven, taken or transported and their brands and distinguishing marks. Such certificate
shall also state that the animals in question have been inspected by a duly authorized agent of the Director of
Animal Industry and found free from dangerous communicable diseases and shall give the date of such
inspection.
Section 1765. Powers of Director of Animal Industry relative to animal quarantine, inspection and sanitation.
a) To maintain inoculation, quarantine, and detention station for domestic animals in such places as
may be approved from time to time by the Department Head, and to place all animals arriving from foreign and
domestic parts or interior places in quarantine for such time as he may deem necessary to prevent the
introduction and spread of dangerous communicable animal diseases.
b) To inspect all domestic animals arriving, by boat, rail, or otherwise in the cities, ports or places
where quarantine stations are maintained in such other places as he may deem necessary for the purpose of
preventing the introduction and spread of dangerous communicable animal disease within the Philippines.
c) To require that animals suffering from dangerous communicable diseases or have been exposed
thereto be placed in quarantine at such place and for such time as may be deemed by him necessary to prevent
the spread of such disease.
d) To require the cleaning and disinfecting of any utensil, place, corral, yard, or building deemed by
him to be infected with dangerous communicable diseases, and to prohibit the keeping of any domestic animals
in such place, corral, yard or building until it has been placed in a sanitary condition.
e) To require the cleaning and disinfecting of any boat, car, vehicle, or other conveyance deemed
by him to be infected with dangerous communicable animal disease, and to prohibit its further use for
transporting domestic animals until it have been placed in a sanitary condition.
f) To cooperate with provincial and municipal boards in the suppression of dangerous
communicable animal diseases and to supervise and control the establishment and maintenance if municipal
meat and milk inspection system, except in matters of sanitation and public health coming under the jurisdiction
of the Bureau of Health. The technical personnel that may be needed for the proper supervision and inspection
thereof shall be appointed by the Secretary of Agriculture and Natural Resources upon the recommendation of
the Director of Animal Industry, once the position is created by the respective chartered city or municipality,
and the renumeration of such personnel and other expenses shall be payable from the meat and milk inspection
fees collected by the respective municipalities concerned.
g) To prescribe all necessary measures for the enforcement of the Provisions of subsections c), d)
and e) above. The provincial governor of the province concerned shall have the direction of and be responsible
for the enforcement of the measures so prescribed.
Section 1766. Delivery of disease animal to place of quarantine. When the Director of Animal Industry shall
order any animal to be placed in quarantine under the provision of this article, the owner of such animal, or his
agent, shall deliver it at the place designated for the quarantine and shall provide it with proper food, water and
attendance. Should the owner or his agent fail to comply with this requirement the Director of Animal Industry
may furnish supplies and attendance needed and the reasonable cost of such supplies and attendance shall be
collectible from the owner or his agent.
Section 1767. Disposition of body of animal dying of rinderpest. The owners of animals which die having
rinderpest shall, where practicable, cause their bodies to be burned and shall inter any unconsumed portions
remaining. Where it is impracticable to burn such bodies, they shall cause them to be interred at a depth of at
least one meter below into surface of the ground and thoroughly covered with earth.
It shall be unlawful to remove the skin, horns, or any part of the body of an animal which dies having
rinderpest, except the bile or blood serum for use in immunizing other animals against the disease, and the
removal of such materials shall be effected only by a veterinarian duly authorized by the Director of the Bureau
of Animal Industry.
Section 1768. Unlawful disposition of parts of animals dying of rinderpest. It shall be unlawful for any person
knowingly to have in his possession, or any other part of an animal which had died having rinderpest, except the
bile or blood serum, and all persons having in their possession skins, horns, or other portions of such animals
shall destroy them by burning or shall inter them. Officers of the law are hereby authorized to seize and destroy
such skins, horns, or other portions of the body of any animal which had died having rinderpest wherever found.
Section 1769. Marking of cattle affected with surra. It shall be lawful for any duly authorized agent of the
Bureau of Animal Industry or of the Bureau of Science to mark any animal found to be afflicted with surra by
fastening in its right ear a metal tag marked with the letter S and with a number. It shall be unlawful to remove
any such tag affixed as provided in this section until the animal so marked has been pronounced free from surra
by a duly authorized agent of the Bureau of Animal Industry or of the Bureau of Science.
Section 1770. Prohibition against bringing of animals from infected foreign countries When the Department
Head shall be general order declare that a dangerous communicable animal disease prevails in any foreign
country, port or place and that there is danger of spreading such disease by the importation of domestic animals
there from, it shall be unlawful for any person knowingly to ship or bring into the Philippines any such animal.
Animal effects, parts, or products from such places, unless the importation thereof shall be authorized under the
regulations of the Bureau of Animal Industry.
Section 2747. Violation of provisions relative to animal quarantine. Any person who shall violate any provision
of sections one thousand seven hundred and sixty-two to one thousand seven hundred and sixty-five, inclusive,
of this Code shall be punished by a fine of not more than one thousand pesos, or by imprisonment for not more
than six months, or by both.
Any person who shall violate any provisions of any section or any lawful regulation or order pursuant
thereto for which delinquency no specific penalty is provided by law, shall be punished by a fine of not more
than one hundred pesos or by imprisonment for not more than thirty days, or both.
Section 2749. Offenses connected with practice of veterinary medicine. Every person who shall unlawfully
engage in the practice of veterinary medicine in the Philippines without holding a certificate as veterinarian
issued by the Board of Examiners shall be punished for each offense by a fine of not less than twentyfive nor
more than six months, or both, in the discretion of the court.
Every person who, with intent to deceive the Board of Veterinary Examiners, present to the same as and
for his own any certificate or diploma issue to any fraudulent or spurious certificate or diploma of like
characters shall be subject to the same penalty.
Copyright 2007 Philippine Veterinary Medical Association. www.pvma.com.ph

References:
http://extwprlegs1.fao.org/docs/pdf/phi174209.pdf
www.pvma.com.ph
https://www.chanrobles.com/republicacts/republicactno1578.html
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2015/02/20/implementing-rules-and-regulations-of-republic-act-no-10611/
Direction: Summarize Republic Act No. 3639 and its provisions
IMPLICATIONS:
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
LESSON 3: ANIMAL WELFARE LAW
This is an act to protect the well- being and rights of animals
February 11, 1998
AN ACT TO PROMOTE ANIMAL WELFARE IN THE PHILIPPINES, OTHERWISE KNOWN AS

"THE ANIMAL WELFARE ACT OF 1998"
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled:
Section 1. It is the purpose of this Act to protect and promote the welfare of all animals in the Philippines by
supervising and regulating the establishment and operations of all facilities utilized for breeding, maintaining,
keeping, treating or training of all animals either as objects of trade or as household pets. For purposes of this
Act, pet animal shall include birds.
Section 2. No person, association, partnership, corporation, cooperative or any government agency or

instrumentality including slaughter houses shall establish, maintain and operate any pet shop, kennel, veterinary
clinic, veterinary hospital, stockyard, corral, stud farm or stock farm or zoo for the breeding, treatment, sale or
trading, or training of animals without first securing from the Bureau of Animal Industry a certificate of
registration therefor.
The certificate shall be issued upon proof that the facilities of such establishment for animals are adequate,
clean and sanitary and will not be used for, nor cause pain and/or suffering to the animals. The certificate shall
be valid for a period of one (1) year unless earlier cancelled for just cause before the expiration of its term by
the Director of the Bureau of Animal Industry and may be renewed from year to year upon compliance with the
conditions imposed hereunder. The Bureau shall charge reasonable fees for the issuance or renewal of such
certificate.
The condition that such facilities be adequate, clean and sanitary, and that they will not be used for nor cause
pain and/or suffering to the animals is a continuing requirement for the operation of these establishments. The
Bureau may revoke or cancel such certificate of registration for failure to observe these conditions and other
just causes.
Section 3. The Director of the Bureau of Animal Industry shall supervise and regulate the establishment,
operation and maintenance of pet shops, kennels, veterinary clinics, veterinary hospitals, stockyards, corrals,
stud farms and zoos and any other form or structure for the confinement of animals where they are bred, treated,
maintained, or kept either for sale or trade or for training as well as the transport of such animals in any form of
public or private transportation facility in order to provide maximum comfort while in transit and minimize, if
not totally eradicate, incidence of sickness and death and prevent any cruelty from being inflicted upon the
animals.
The Director may call upon any government agency for assistance consistent with its powers, duties, and
responsibilities for the purpose of ensuring the effective and efficient implementation of this Act and the rules
and regulations promulgated thereunder.
It shall be the duty of such government agency to assist said Director when called upon for assistance using any
available fund in its budget for the purpose.
Section 4. It shall be the duty of any owner or operator of any land, air or water public utility transporting pet,
wildlife and all other animals to provide in all cases adequate, clean and sanitary facilities for the safe
conveyance and delivery thereof to their consignee at the place of consignment. They shall provide sufficient
food and water for such animals while in transit for more than twelve (12) hours or whenever necessary.
No public utility shall transport any such animal without a written permit from the Director of the Bureau of
Animal Industry or his/her authorized representative. No cruel confinement or restraint shall be made on such
animals while being transported.
Any form of cruelty shall be penalized even if the transporter has obtained a permit from the Bureau of Animal
Industry. Cruelty in transporting includes overcrowding, placing of animals in the trunks or under the hood
trunks of the vehicles.
Section 5. There is hereby created a Committee on Animal Welfare attached to the Department of Agriculture
which shall, subject to the approval of the Secretary of the Department of Agriculture, issue the necessary rules
and regulations for the strict implementation of the provisions of this Act, including the setting of safety and
sanitary standards, within thirty (30) calendar days following its approval. Such guidelines shall be reviewed by
the Committee every three (3) years from its implementation or whenever necessary.
The Committee shall be composed of the official representatives of the following:
(1) The Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG);

(2) Department of Education, Culture and Sports (DECS);
(3) Bureau of Animal Industry (BAI) of the Department of Agriculture (DA);
(4) Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau (PAWB) of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources
(DENR);
(5) National Meat Inspection Commission (NMIC) of the DA;
(6) Agriculture Training Institute (ATI) of the DA;
(7) Philippine Veterinary Medical Association (PVMA);
(8) Veterinary Practitioners Association of the Philippines (VPAP);
(9) Philippine Animal Hospital Association of the Philippines (PAHA);
(10) Philippine Animal Welfare Society (PAWS);
(11) Philippine Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (PSPCA);
(12) Philippine Society of Swine Practitioners (PSSP);
(13) Philippine College of Canine Practitioners (PCCP); and
(14) Philippine Society of Animal Science (PSAS).
The Committee shall be chaired by a representative coming from the private sector and shall have two (2) vice-
chairpersons composed of the representative of the BAI and another from the private sector.
The Committee shall meet quarterly or as often as the need arises. The Committee members shall not receive
any compensation but may receive reasonable honoraria from time to time.
Section 6. It shall be unlawful for any person to torture any animal, to neglect to provide adequate care,
sustenance or shelter, or maltreat any animal or to subject any dog or horse to dogfights or horsefights, kill or
cause or procure to be tortured or deprived of adequate care, sustenance or shelter, or maltreat or use the same
in research or experiments not expressly authorized by the Committee on Animal Welfare.
The killing of any animal other than cattle pigs, goats, sheep, poultry, rabbits, carabaos, horses, deer and
crocodiles is likewise hereby declared unlawful except in the following instances:
(1) When it is done as part of the religious rituals of an established religion or sect or a ritual required by tribal
or ethnic custom of indigenous cultural communities; however, leaders shall keep records in cooperation
with the Committee on Animal Welfare;
(2) When the pet animal is afflicted with an incurable communicable disease as determined and certified by a
duly licensed veterinarian;
(3) When the killing is deemed necessary to put an end to the misery suffered by the animal as determined and
certified by a duly licensed veterinarian;
(4) When it is done to prevent an imminent danger to the life or limb of a human being;
(5) When done for the purpose of animal population control;
(6) When the animal is killed after it has been used in authorized research or experiments; and
(7) Any other ground analogous to the foregoing as determined and certified licensed veterinarian.
In all the above mentioned cases, including those of cattle, pigs, goats, sheep, poultry, rabbits, carabaos, horses,
deer and crocodiles the killing of the animals shall be done through humane procedures at all times.
For this purpose, humane procedures shall mean the use of the most scientific methods available as may be
determined and approved by the committee.
Only those procedures approved by the Committee shall be used in the killing of animals.
Section 7. It shall be the duty of every person to protect the natural habitat of the wildlife. The destruction of
said habitat shall be considered as a form of cruelty to animals and its preservation is a way of protecting the
animals.
Section 8. Any person who violates any of the provisions of this Act shall, upon conviction by final judgment,
be punished by imprisonment of not less than six (6) months nor more than two (2) years or a fine of not less
than One thousand pesos (P1,000.00) nor more than Five thousand pesos (P5,000.00) or both at the discretion of
the Court. If the violation is committed by a juridical person, the officer responsible therefor shall serve the
imprisonment when imposed. If the violation is committed by an alien, he or she shall be immediately deported
after service of sentence without any further proceedings.
Section 9. All laws, acts, decrees, executive orders, rules and regulations inconsistent with the provisions of this
Act are hereby repealed or modified accordingly.
Section 10. This Act shall take effect fifteen (15) days after its publication in at least two (2) newspapers of
general circulation.
Approved: February 11, 1998
The Lawphil Project - Arellano Law Foundation

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10631
AN ACT AMENDING CERTAIN SECTIONS OF REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8485, OTHERWISE KNOWN
AS “THE ANIMAL WELFARE ACT OF 1998”
SECTION 1. Section 1 of Republic Act No. 8485 is hereby amended to read as follows;
“SECTION 1. It is the purpose of this Act to protect and promote the welfare of all terrestrial, aquatic and
marine animals in the Philippines by supervising and regulating the establishment and operations of all facilities
utilized for breeding, maintaining, keeping, treating or training of all animals either as objects of trade or as
household pets. For purposes of this Act, pet animal shall include birds.
“For purposes of this Act, animal welfare pertains to the physical and psychological well-being of animals. It
includes, but not limited to, the avoidance of abuse, maltreatment, cruelty and exploitation of animals by
humans by maintaining appropriate standards of accommodation, feeding and general care, the prevention and
treatment of disease and the assurance of freedom from fear, distress, harassment, and unnecessary discomfort
and pain, and allowing animals to express normal behavior.”
SEC. 2. Section 6 of Republic Act No. 8485 is hereby amended to read as follows:
“SEC. 6. It shall be unlawful for any person to torture any animal, to neglect to provide adequate care,
sustenance of shelter, or maltreat any animal or to subject any dog or horse to dogfights or horsefights, kill or
cause or procure to be tortured or deprived of adequate care, sustenance or shelter, or maltreat or use the same
in research or experiments not expressly authorized by the Committee on Animal Welfare.
“The killing of any animal other than cattle, pigs, goats, sheep, poultry, rabbits, carabaos and horses is likewise
hereby declared unlawful except in the following instances:
“x x x.”
SEC. 3. A new Section 7 is hereby inserted after Section 6 of the same Act to read as follows:
“SEC. 7. It shall be unlawful for any person who has custody of an animal to abandon the animal.
“If any person being the owner or having charge or control of any animal shall without reasonable cause or
excuse abandon it, whether permanently or not, without providing for the care of that animal, such act shall
constitute maltreatment under Section 9.
“If the animal is left in circumstances likely to cause the animal any unnecessary suffering, or if this
abandonment results in the death of the animal, the person liable shall suffer the maximum penalty.
“Abandonment means the relinquishment of all right, title, claim, or possession of the animal with the intention
of not reclaiming it or resuming its ownership or possession.”
SEC. 4. Section 8 of Republic Act No. 8485 which shall now become Section 9 is hereby amended to read as
follows:
“SEC. 9. Any person who subjects any animal to cruelty, maltreatment or neglect shall, upon conviction by
final judgment, be punished by imprisonment and/ or fine, as indicated in the following graduated scale:
“(1) Imprisonment of one (1) year and six (6) months and one (1) day to two (2) years and/or a fine not
exceeding One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00) if the animal subjected to cruelty, maltreatment or
neglect dies;
“(2) Imprisonment of one (1) year and one (1) day to one (1) year and six (6) months and/or a fine not
exceeding Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00) if the animal subjected to cruelty, maltreatment or neglect
survives but is severely injured with loss of its natural faculty to survive on its own and needing human
intervention to sustain its life; and
“(3) Imprisonment of six (6) months to one (1) year and/or a fine not exceeding Thirty thousand pesos
(P30,000.00) for subjecting any animal to cruelty, maltreatment or neglect but without causing its death or
incapacitating it to survive on its own.
“If the violation is committed by a juridical person, the officer responsible thereof shall serve the imprisonment.
If the violation is committed by an alien, he or she shall be immediately deported after the service of sentence
without any further proceeding.
“The foregoing penalties shall also apply for any other violation of this Act, depending upon the effect or result
of the act or omission as defined in the immediately preceding sections.
“However, regardless of the resulting condition to the animal/s, the penalty of two (2) years and one (1) day to
three (3) years and/or a fine not exceeding Two hundred fifty thousand pesos (P250,000.00) shall be imposed if
the offense is committed by any of the following: (1) a syndicate; (2) an offender who makes business out of
cruelty to an animal; (3) a public officer or employee; or (4) where at least three (3) animals are involved.
“In any of the foregoing situations, the offender shall suffer subsidiary imprisonment in case of insolvency and
the inability to pay the fine.”
SEC. 5. A new Section 10 is hereby inserted after the Section above to read as follows:
“SEC. 10. The Secretary of the Department of Agriculture shall deputize animal welfare enforcement officers
from nongovernment organizations, citizens groups, community organizations and other volunteers who have
undergone the necessary training for this purpose. The Philippine National Police, the National Bureau of
Investigation and other law enforcement agencies shall designate animal welfare enforcement officers. As such,
animal welfare enforcement officers shall have the authority to seize and rescue illegally traded and maltreated
animals and to arrest violators of this Act subject to the guidelines of existing laws and rules and regulations on
arrest and detention.
“The Secretary of the Department of Agriculture shall, upon the recommendation of the Committee on Animal
Welfare:
“(1) Promulgate the guidelines on the criteria and training requirements for the deputization of animal welfare
enforcement officers; and
“(2) Establish a mechanism for the supervision, monitoring and reporting of these enforcement officers.”
SEC. 6. If, for any reason, any provision of this Act is declared to be unconstitutional or invalid, the other
sections or provisions hereof which are not affected shall continue to be in full force and effect.
SEC. 7. All laws, decrees, orders, rules and regulations and other issuances or parts thereof which are
inconsistent with the provisions of this Act are hereby deemed repealed, amended or modified accordingly.
SEC. 8. This Act shall take effect after fifteen (15) days from its publication in the Official Gazette or in at least
two (2) newspapers of general circulation, whichever comes earlier.
Approved:
(Sgd.) FELICIANO BELMONTE, JR. (Sgd.) JINGGOY EJERCITO ESTRADA

Speaker of the House of Representatives Acting Senate President
This Act which is a consolidation of Senate Bill No. 3329 and House Bill No. 6893 was finally passed by the
Senate and the House of Representatives on June 6, 2013.
(Sgd.) MARILYN B. BARUA-YAP (Sgd.) EMMA LIRIO-REYES

Secretary General Secretary of the Senate
House of Representatives
Approved: OCT 03 2013
(Sgd.) BENIGNO S. AQUINO III

President of the Philippines
RESOURCES/REFERENCES:
[PDF] Republic Act No. 10631, October 3, 2013
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2013/10/03/republic-act-no 10631/#:~:text=It%20is%20the%20purpose
%20of,either%20as%20objects%20of%20trade
Direction: 1. Summarize Repub lic Act No. 8485 and its amendments
2. What are the provisions of this Act that are mostly abused and why?
IMPLICATIONS:
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
LESSON 4: LIVESTOCK DISEASES LAWS
The following are laws concerning livestock diseases that should be given full attention:
Target Outcomes
1. Figure out the laws governing livestock diseases and kept abreast on the updates regarding the executive
orders concerning the laws therein.
Abstraction
"The Domestic Animal Disease Prevention and Control Act of 1980."
Republic Act No. 9296. An Act Strengthening the Meat Inspection System in the Country,
Ordaining for this Purpose a “Meat Inspection Code of the Philippines and for Other Purposes” May 12,
2004
Republic Act No. 10536. An Act Amending Republic Act No. 9296, Otherwise Known as “The
Meat Inspection Code of the Philippines” May 15, 2013
Republic Act No. 11332. An Act Providing Policies and Prescribing Procedures on Surveilllance
and Response to Notifiable Diseases, Epidemics and Health Events of Public Health Concerns, and
Appropriating Funds Therefer, Repealing for the Purpose Act No. 3573, Otherwise Known as the "Law
on Reporting of Communicable Diseases"
Batas Pambansa Bilang 97. " An Act Providing for the Compulsory Immunization of Livestock,
Poultry and other Animals Against Dangerous Communicable Diseases" Also known as "The Domestic
Animal Disease Prevention and COntrol Act of 1980"
References:
https://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/acc_e/lao_e/WTACCLAO17A1_LEG_1.pdf
http://www.fao.org/3/x2096e/X2096E06.htm
Statute for Prevention and Control of Infectious Animal Diseases
law.moj.gov.tw › ENG › LawAll
https://www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/eng/Our_scientific_expertise/docs/pdf/
A_Guidelines_for_Animal_Disease_Control_final.pdf
Direction: Provide a copy of the laws stated above and summarize
IMPLICATIONS:
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
LESSON 5: LIVESTOCK IMPORTATION AND QUARANTINE LAWS
Target Outcomes
1. Interpret the laws on livestock importation and quarantine
Abstraction
Provisions on Livestock Importation and Quarantine are found in the the laws taken on the previous
lessons.
Guidelines for the Importation of Live Pet Animals to the Philippines
FOR DOGS AND CATS

1. Apply for an import permit with the Animal Health Division (AHD), Bureau of Animal Industry (BAI) by
writing a letter addressed to the BAI director containing the following information:
a. species and breed of animal
b. sex, color and number of pets
c. expected date of arrival
The BAI address and contact number is:
Animal Health Division*

Bureau of Animal Industry
Visayas Avenue, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
Telephone no. (632) 928 2743; Fax no. (632) 928 2836 Website:www.bai.da.gov.ph
*Always inquire for new rates on inspection fees
2. If the number of animals to be brought to the Philippines exceeds five, the animals have to be inspected at
quarantine site.
3. Issuance and inspection fees are 50 pesos and 165 pesos for the first two heads and 220 pesos for each
succeeding head, respectively. Payment may be made upon arrival at the Veterinary Quarantine Unit, Ninoy
Aquino International Airport.
4. A valid health certificate (issued shortly before shipment) from the country of origin must be presented upon
arrival.
The permit is good for 2 months. Extension for another month may be requested before the permit's expiry date.
FOR EXOTIC ANIMALS

1. Apply for an import permit as in A, number 1.
2. Arrange schedule with AHD for inspection of the quarantine site.
3. A CITES certification issued by the Parks and Wildlife Bureau shall be presented.
4. Issuance and inspection fees are 40 pesos and 10 to 50 pesos per head (depending on the size of the animal),
respectively.
5. A valid health certificate from the country of origin shall be presented upon arrival.
NEW REQUIREMENTS AS OF 10 MAY 2018:

1. Import permit issued by the Philippines' Bureau of Animal Industry (BAI)
2. Health certificate issued by a United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) veterinarian or USDA-
accredited veterinarian
3. Mandatory identification of pet dog or cat with ISO compliant microchip / RFID (radio-frequency
identification)
IMPORTANT: Effective June 01, 2018, dogs and cats imported without the required identification will be
declined entry and returned to its origin. All costs incurred will be shouldered by the importer.
PROCEDURES:
To obtain an import permit from the Philippines' Bureau of Animal Industry (BAI) Go to
http://www.intercommerce.com.ph/registrationbai.asp and fill out the form.
The Department of Agriculture is the principal agency to issue guidelines, regulations including issuances for
the importation and quarantine of animals including plants.
National Veterinary Quarantine Services Division (NVQSD) Permit Requirements

Memorandum Circulars on Export of Dogs and Cats
Local Shipping Permit Requirements for Animal By-Products
Requirements for the Accreditation of Animal Products and Animal By-Products Exporter
Requirements for the Accreditation of Animal Products and Animal By-Products Importer
Local Shipping Permit Requirements for Avian
Local Shipping Permit Requirements for Cattle/Carabao
Local Shipping Permit Requirements for Dogs and Cats
Local Shipping Permit Requirements for Goats and Sheep
Local Shipping Permit Requirements for Horse
Requirements for the Accreditation of Live Animals Importer/Exporter
Local Shipping Permit Requirements for Meat and Meat Products
Local Shipping Permit Requirements for Table Eggs, Balut and Salted Eggs
Local Shipping Permit Requirements for Wild Exotic and Other Pets
References:
http://extwprlegs1.fao.org/docs/pdf/mic163886.pdf
http://www.asianlii.org/cn/legis/cen/laws/rotqoiaeaap677/
https://www.bai.gov.ph/index.php/regulatory/item/362-issuance-of-veterinary-quarantine-clearance-vqc-to-
import-exotic-animals
https://www.informea.org/en/legislation/implementing-regulation-veterinary-quarantine-law
Direction:
1. In case you are going to import livestock and/or a pet, what are the required permits that must be
accomplished? Include the procedure in seeking a permit for importation and quarantine.
IMPLICATIONS:
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
LESSON 6: MEAT INSPECTION AND STANDARD LAWS
Target Outcomes
1. Learn and comprehend the standards of meat inspection
Abstraction
In July 2003, Republic Act No. 9296 ordained the 'Meat Inspection Code of the Philippines' to
strengthen the country's meat inspection system to assure safety and quality of meat and meat products for
human consumption both in the domestic and international markets
Direction: 1.Submit the DA Administrative Order No. 28 Series of 2005 and/or any amendments therein ,
including the following:
a. Slaughterhouse standards
b. Good animal husbandry practices
c. Implementing rules and regulations of Meat Inspection Code
References:
https://ap.fftc.org.tw/article/720
http://extwprlegs1.fao.org/docs/pdf/al24753.pdf
https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2004/ra_9296_2004.html
1.
IMPLICATIONS:
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
LESSON 7: FEED LAWS
Target Outcomes
1. Learn and apprehend feed laws/ordinances/issuances/standards
Abstraction
Republic Act No. 1556 - An Act to Regulate and Control the Manufacture, Labelling, Advertising and Sale of
Livestock and Poultry Feeds
Section 1. This Act shall be known as the "Livestock and Poultry Feeds Act."
Sec. 2. Enforcing Official. — This Act shall be administered by the Secretary of Agriculture and Natural
Resources thru the Director, Bureau of Animal Industry.cralaw
Sec. 3. Definitions. — For the purpose of this Act, the following terms shall mean:
(a) "Secretary" means the Secretary of Agriculture and Natural Resources.cralaw
(b) "Director" means the Director, Bureau of Animal Industry.cralaw
(c) "Livestock" means and includes horses, cattle carabaos, sheep, goats, swine, rabbits, poultry and such other
animals or birds as the Secretary may, from time to time by regulation, prescribe.cralaw
(d) "Feeds" or "Feeding Stuff" shall include all such articles used for the purpose of feeding purporting to
supply proteins, carbohydrates, fats, minerals, vitamins, antibiotics and/or correcting nutritional disorders. Such
articles may be locally produced or imported, mixed or in the form of simple ingredients.cralaw
(e) "Owner" is the person, firm, partnership, association or corporation applying for the accord registration
under this Act.
(f) "Brand" means any distinctive mark or name applied to a feed or feeding stuff.cralaw
(g) "Inspector" is any person authorized to enforce the provisions of this Act.cralaw
(h) "Package" means sack, bag, barrel, bin or any other container for feeds.cralaw
(i) "Label" means and includes any written, printed or graphic matter attached or affixed to any package, bale
or bundle of feeds.cralaw
(j) "Regulation" means rules prescribed under the authority of this Act.cralaw
(k) "Analyst" means any official analyst appointed under this Act.cralaw
(l) "Ingredients" means any single article of feed or feeding stuff which enters into the composition of a ration,
concentrate, or supplement.cralaw
(m) "Mixtures" means any combination of two or more food ingredients used in the manufacture of feeding
stuff.
(n) "Concentrates" shall apply to no materials other than those known as concentrates, and shall include
linseed meals, cotton-seed meals, pea meals, bean meals, peanut meals, coconut meals, gluten meals, velvet bean
meals, soya bean meals, dried yeast grains, dried vinegar grains, corn germ meal, feeding molasses, gluten feeds,
cotton seed feeds, maize feeds, velvet bean feeds, peanut feeds, dried distillers' grains, dried brewers' grains,
malt sprout, hominy feeds, rice meals, corn and oat chops, corn feed meal, corn bran, corn and cob meals, wheat
bran, wheat middlings, wheat feed, rye feed, rye middlings, buckwheat middlings and bucket wheat feed, ground
beef or fish scraps, meat meals, meat and bone meals mixed, dried blood, milk by-products, mixed feeds,
propriety or trade-marked stock and poultry feeds, and all other materials of a similar nature; but shall not
include the materials defined in this article as roughages, the whole seed nor pure whole seed nor pure whole
grains ground together nor the unmixed meals, made directly from the entire grains of wheat, rye, barley, oat,
corn, buckwheat and boom corn, nor malt sprouts, when sold as such by the maltster at retail, nor ground or
cracked bone not mixed with any other substance, nor shall it include poultry feeds consisting of whole or whole
and cracked grains mixed together, with or without grit, oyster shells or charcoal, when all the ingredients may
be identified by the naked eye.cralaw
(o) "Roughages" shall include dried and ground hays and straws, dried and ground corn stalks or other parts of
the corn plant not included in the grain, dried beet pulp, oat hulls, barley hulls, clipped oat by-product, sorghum
plant by-products and flax plant by-products, cotton seed hulls, buckwheat hulls, cocoa shells, grain screenings
or other materials of a similar character. This shall not include whole ground grains not mixed with any other
substances.
Sec. 4. Registration. — (a) Any person, partnership, firm, corporation or association desiring to engage in the
manufacture, importation, sale or distribution of feeds or feeding stuffs shall first be registered in the Office of
the Director.cralaw
(b) Applications for registration or annual renewal thereof, shall be made by the person, partnership, firm,
corporation or association marketing, manufacturing, or importing such feeds or feeding stuffs, or by his
accredited agent in such form and manner as may be prescribed from time to time by regulation.cralaw
(c) An application for registration shall be accompanied by a registration fee of five pesos for a person, firm,
partnership, corporation or association engaged in the retailing or distribution of commercial feeds or feeding
stuffs, and one hundred pesos for manufacturers and/or importers of commercial feeds or feeding stuffs.cralaw
(d) No feeds or feeding stuffs in the form of complete mixture, concentrate, supplement, or ingredient which
have not been registered with the Director, shall be manufactured, imported, advertised, sold or offered for sale
or held in possession for sale in the Philippines.
(e) No commercial feeds or feeding stuffs shall be registered:
1. If the brand thereof is identical, or will likely be confused, with another brand already applied to a registered
feeding stuff;
2. If the specific name of each and every ingredient of mixtures, base or concentrates, and supplement is not
clearly stated; or
3. If the feeds or feeding stuffs do not conform to the provisions of this Act.cralaw
(f) No change in the brand of a registered feed or feeding stuff shall be made without a written notification to
the Director.
(g) The Director is empowered to recommend to the Secretary of Agriculture and Natural Resources the
cancellation of the registration of any feed or feeding stuff which is found after proper investigation to be not in
conformity with the provisions of this Act, in registration, importation, manufacture, distribution, labelling,
advertising or sale.cralaw
Sec. 5. Labelling. — Every package containing feed or feeding stuff shall be labelled as follows:
1. The original label or tag of imported feeds or feeding stuffs shall remain attached to each package. In the
event that the original label or tag has been lost or otherwise removed during the transit, a new label or tag shall
be attached with the approval of the Director to all bags intended for sale.cralaw
2. Labels of imported feed ingredients intended for sale shall show conspicuously and clearly:
(a) Net weight.cralaw
(b) Brand.cralaw
(c) Name of article.cralaw
(d) Name and address of manufacturer or supplier.cralaw
(e) Minimum crude protein (except mineral mixtures).cralaw

(f) Minimum fat (except mineral mixtures).
(g) Maximum fiber (except mineral mixtures).cralaw
(h) Maximum moisture.cralaw
(i) Registration number of importer.cralaw
3. Labels of imported feed mixtures intended for sale shall show conspicuously and clearly:
(b) Name and address of manufacturer and supplier.cralaw
(c) Brand.
(d) Nutritive purpose.cralaw
(e) Minimum crude protein (except in mineral mixtures).cralaw
(f) Minimum fat (except in mineral mixtures).cralaw
(g) Maximum fiber (except in mineral mixtures).cralaw
(i) Names of all ingredients used in the mixture.cralaw
(j) Registration number of importer.cralaw
4. Labels of feed mixtures manufactured locally shall show conspicuously and clearly:
(b) Name and address of manufacturer.cralaw
(c) Brand.cralaw
(d) Nutritive purpose.cralaw
(e) Minimum crude protein (except mineral mixtures).
(f) Maximum fiber (except in mineral mixtures).cralaw
(g) Maximum fat (except in mineral mixtures).cralaw
(i) Names of ingredients used in the mixtures.cralaw
(j) Registration number of manufacturer.cralaw
5. Labels of local grains and/or their by-products, minerals, and other ingredients sold or to be sold for feed
shall show conspicuously and clearly:
(a) Net weight.
(b) Name of feed (e.g., rice bran, yellow corn, white corn, ipil-ipil, copra, shell powder, rice hay, etc.)
(c) Conditions: i.e., whole grain cracked, middlings, ground fine or coarse, etc.cralaw
(d) Class: i.e., first, second or third (as prescribed by standard set by the Director).cralaw
(e) Name and address of store.cralaw
(f) Registration number of store owner.cralaw
6. Labels of any other feed not covered in the preceding paragraphs shall be made according to regulations,
which from time to time may be prescribed by the Director with the approval of the Secretary.
Sec. 6. There should be created in the manner authorized by law an adequate section or division composed of
employees taken from the present personnel of the Bureau of Animal Industry as the Director may consider
necessary for effectively carrying out the provisions of this Act.cralaw
Sec. 7. An inspector shall be permitted at all reasonable times to enter any premises in which feeds are sold or
held in possession for sale or when he has reasonable cause to believe any feed or feeding stuff is being prepared
or has been prepared for sale, and may take for analysis samples of any feed or feeding stuff there found without
cost.cralaw
Sec. 8. Regulations. — The Director, subject to the approval of the Secretary, shall promulgate rules and
regulations:
(a) Prescribing the basis under which grains and their by-products may be classified;
(b) Providing for the prevention of false and/or misleading claims that may be made for any feeding stuff;
(c) Prescribing the definition and uses of such terms as complete ration, concentrate supplement and/or base as
used in livestock nutrition;
(d) Prescribing disposition of damaged feed or feeding stuff; and
(e) Prescribing methods of procuring and analysis of samples according to accepted standard procedure, and
such other rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this Act.
Sec. 9. Fees and Expenditures. — (a) Aside from the registration fees as provided in section four, subsection
(a) of this Act, there shall be collected an inspection fee at the rate of twenty centavos per metric ton of all
complete mixed feeds, supplement, and/or concentrates.cralaw
(b) All fees, charges and other income derived from the operation of this Act, shall accrue to the Philippine
Livestock Promotion Fund as provided in Commonwealth Act Numbered One hundred and eighteen, as
amended, and shall be deposited with the National Treasury to the credit of the said fund.cralaw
(c) All expenditures necessary to carry out the purposes of this Act shall be paid from the unalloted balance of
the Philippine Livestock Promotion Fund created under Commonwealth Act Numbered One hundred and
eighteen, as amended.cralaw
Section 10. Offense and Penalties. — (a) It shall be unlawful for any person, partnership, firm, corporation or
association to engage in the manufacture, importation, sale or distribution of feeds or feeding stuffs without
having first registered in the Office of the Director of Animal Industry: Provided, however, That the provisions
of this Act shall not apply to the sale or distribution of the by-products of grains, such as rice bran, rice crush,
corn bran and corn crush, which are sold in their natural state as feeding stuff without having been further
processed, mixed with other ingredients, or otherwise manufactured into another form.
(b) Any person, partnership, corporation or association which will unlawfully use a registration number,
fraudulently lessen or adulterate the feeding value of any feed or feeding stuff, or tamper with packaged feeds
for fraudulent purposes, wilfully remove, alter, or efface the prescribed tags, labels, markings, or other
information placed on packages of feeds or feeding stuffs, fraudulently alter or use certificates of analysis of any
official analyst; wilfully obstruct, hinder, resist or in any other way oppose an inspector in the execution of his
duties under this Act; make unauthorized disposition of feeds placed under detention; import, manufacture,
distribute, advertise, sell, or offer for sale or possess for sale by any feed which does not conform with or
contravenes the provisions of this Act; or otherwise violate any provision of this Act and the rules and
regulations issued thereunder, shall be punished by a fine of not less than one thousand pesos and not more than
five thousand pesos or by imprisonment of not more than one year and one day, or by both, in the discretion of
the court.
Section 11. All Acts or parts thereof inconsistent with the provisions of this Act are hereby repealed.cralaw
Section 12. This Act shall take effect after thirty days from the date of its approval.
Approved: June 16, 1956

Department of Agriculture
BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY
Visayas Avenue, Diliman Quezon City
September 23, 1975

ANIMAL INDUSTRY ADMINISTRATIVE ORDER No.35
SUBJECT : RULES AND REGULATIONS GOVERNING THE MANUFACTURE, IMPORTATION,
LABELING, ADVERTISING, DISTRIBUTION AND SALE OF LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY FEEDS
AND FEEDING STUFFS.
Pursuant to the provisions of Republic Act. No. 1556 as amended by Presidential Decree No. 7, the following
rules and regulations governing the manufacture, importation, labeling, advertising, distribution and sale of
livestock and poultry feeds are hereby promulgated for the information and guidance of all concerned:
ARTICLE I – TITLE Section 1. This Order shall be known as the Livestock and Poultry Feeds Regulations.
ARTICLE II – DEFINITIONS Section 2. For purposes of these regulations, the following words or terms shall
mean:
1. Act – refers to Republic Act No. 1556, as amended by Presidential Decree No. 7.
2. Adulterated feeds – are mixed feeds, feedstuffs or ingredients found to contain any material that may be
injurious, damaged or of no food value or if any substance has been added thereto that may increase its
bulk or weight and/or may reduce its quality or strength. For purposes of this Order, a mixture of two or
more mixed feeds of different formula or brand with intent to sell is also considered adulterated feeds.
3. Analyst – Any official analyst appointed or designated as such by the Director of Animal Industry for
the purpose of implementing this Act.
4. Animal Nutritionist – Any person who has at least a scholastic credit of nine (9) units in animal nutrition
from a duly recognized educational institution and five (5) years experience in compounding animal feeds in a
duly registered feed mill, or one who has a degree in animal science major in animal nutrition.
5. Association, duly recognized – Any association of persons engaged in the development of livestock
industry, either as animal raisers or animal feed manufacturers which has been extended recognition by the
Bureau.
6. Base – refers to the main or chief ingredients (quantitatively) in a mixture.
7. Brand – means any distinctive mark or name applied to feed or feeding stuff.
8. Commercial feed or feeding stuff – refers to feed or feeding stuff intended for sale whether to the
general public or to a limited clientele.
9. Complete feed – a mixture of feed ingredients by specific formula to be fed as the sole ration and is
capable to furnish the nutritive requirements to maintain life for promoting production without any
additional substance except water.
10. Concentrates – shall apply to feed stuffs low in fiber and high in total digestible nutrients.
a) Concentrates, mixed – these are mixed feed ingredients containing a high amount of protein,
vitamins
and minerals intended to be used as a complete feed after the addition of cereal grains and their
by-products.
b) Concentrates, simple – these are single feed ingredients containing at least 60% total digestible
nutrients, such as fishmeal, soybean oil meal, etc. and intended to be further diluted and
mixed with other ingredients to produce a supplement or a complete feed.
11. Custom mixed feeds – are commercial feeds mixed in accordance with the specifications of the final
buyer or consumer.
12. Damaged feeds – any feed or feedstuff which has been subjected to any factor that has decreased the
nutritive value of any feed or feedstuff which when fed to livestock may be injurious to the
health of the animals.
13. Dealer – Any person engaged in the business of buying and selling to any person other than the end-
user.
14. Director – means the Director of Animal Industry and Bureau refers to the Bureau of Animal Industry.
15. Distributor – An agent of the manufacturer for the purpose of marketing finished products.
16. Feed or feeding stuff – shall embrace all such articles to be used as feeds purporting to supply proteins,
carbohydrates, fats, minerals, vitamins, antibiotics, growth promoting factors whether identified or
unidentified and/or correcting nutritional disorders. Such articles may be locally produced or imported,
mixed or in the form of simple ingredients; Provided, however, that the following are excluded.
(1) Whole Seeds or grains, unmixed.
(2) Fresh green roughage and unprocessed liquid milk in all its forms.
(3) Dried and ground hays and straws, dried and ground corn stalks or other parts of the corn plant
not included in the grains, rice hulls, cane sugar, bagasse, dried beet pulp, oat hulls, barley
hulls, clipped oat by-products, sorghum plant by-products and flax plant by-products, cotton
seed hulls, mongo bean hulls, buckwheat hulls, cocoa shells, or other materials of
a similar character.
17. Importer – A person who imports feed or feedstuff from any point outside of the Philippines.
18. Indentor – A person who makes an order for another for the importation of feed or feedstuff.
19. Ingredient – means any single article of feed or feeding stuff which enters into the composition of a
ration, concentrate, or supplement.
20. Inspector – Any person authorized by the Director of Animal Industry to enforce the provisions of the
Act and the regulations provided for in this Order.
21. Label – means and includes any written, printed or graphic matter attached or affixed to any package,
bale or bundle of feeds.
22. Licensed Chemist – Any person licensed to practice the Science of Chemistry by the Board of
Chemist of the Philippines.
23. Livestock – include all domestic animals with economic value. For this purpose, poultry is included in
the term livestock.
24. Manufacturer – Any person who mixes feed ingredients into complete feed and/or processes feed
ingredients, for sale.
25. Manufacturer of non-commercial feeds – Any person who mixes feed ingredients into complete feed
and/or processes feed ingredients solely for personal consumption of his or his immediate family’s livestock.
26. Mixture – means any combination of two or more feed ingredients used in the manufacture of feeding
stuff.
27. Non-commercial feed or feeding stuff – any feed or feeding stuff not intended for sale.
28. Owner – is the person, firm, partnership, cooperative, association, or corporation applying for the
required registration under this Act or any person or establishment actually engaged in the manufacture,
importation, distribution and sale of livestock and poultry feeds.
29. Package – means sack, bag, barrel,bin or any other container for feeds.
30. Person – refers to natural or juridical person in the singular or plural.
31. Regulation – refers to this order and such other orders issued by the Bureau of Animal Industry to
implement the provisions of R.A. 1556, as amended.
32. Retailer – Any person engaged in the business of selling feeds or feedstuffs to end-users.
33. Roughages – shall include dried and ground hays and straws, dried and ground corn stalks or other parts
of the corn plant not included in the grain, dried beet pulp, oat hulls, barley hulls, clipped oat by-products,
sorghum plant by-products and flax plant by-products, cotton seed hulls, buckwheat hulls, cocoa shells,
grain screening, coffee ground or other materials of a similar character. This shall not include
adulterated feed.
34. Secretary – means the Secretary of Agriculture and Department refers to the Department of Agriculture.
35. Small Feed Miller – Any person engaged in the manufacture of animal feeds with a daily production of
not more than twenty (20) metric tons.
36. Supplement – is a feed ingredient or mixture of feed ingredients intended to supply the deficiencies in a
ration or improve the nutritive balance or performance of the total mixture.
37. Supplier – Any person who supplies feed or feed ingredients with an average gross sale of P1,000.00 per
day.
38. Veterinarian – Any person authorized to practice veterinary medicine by the Board of Veterinary
Medicine.
ARTICLE III – REGISTRATION
Section 3. Any person desiring to engage in the manufacture, importation, sale or distribution of feeds or
feeding stuffs shall be first registered with the Bureau.
Section 4. All application for registration for the manufacture, importation, sale or distribution of livestock
feeds shall be made in writing and under oath and shall be accomplished in forms provided by the
Bureau. Said application shall be signed by the applicant himself, in case of natural persons, or by a
partner or manager in case of juridical persons and shall distinctly indicate the kind or nature of feeds or
feedstuffs to be manufactured, imported, sold or distributed, the brand name, and in the case of retailer,
the number of stores and the locations thereof; and finally, in the case of manufacturers, the number of
factories and the locations thereof. The application shall be accompanied with a sample of the labels or
tags which the manufacturer will use on the feed or feeding stuff manufactured and any subsequent
changes therein shall be registered with the Bureau without any additional cost.
Section 5. Upon verification and approval of the application and payment of corresponding registration fee, a
certificate of registration will be issued by the Director in the form adopted for the purpose, which shall
be placed conspicuously in a place of business and readily visible to the public.
Section 6. Registration shall automatically expire every end of the calendar year and may be renewed annually
hereafter in accordance with the provisions of this Order.
Section 7. There shall be a separate registration for feed ingredient manufacturers, feed importers, feed
indentors, distributors, suppliers, and retailers. Registration shall not be transferable to any person and
shall not apply to any location other than that specified in the certificate of registration.
Section 8. Feed and feed ingredient manufacturer and/or importer who maintain retail establishments other than
their place of business shall pay both manufacturers and/or importers and retailers fee.
ARTICLE IV – QUALITY CONTROL SERVICE

Section 9. All person engaged or desiring to engage in the manufacture of mixed feeds for commercial
purposes, shall establish and maintain a quality control laboratory and shall retain the services of licensed
chemist and a veterinarian or a licensed chemist and an animal nutritionist to be responsible for the
analysis and test of mixed feeds before they are released for sale to determine their conformity with the feed
formula of the particular feed and feeding stuff.
Section 10. It shall be mandatory to all persons engaged in the manufacture of feeds for poultry and swine for
commercial purposed to maintain livestock to be fed with its manufactured feeds for experimental
purposes. The number of said experimental purposes shall not be less than the following: Poultry – 50
for broilers, 50 day-old pullets; 50 growers, and 50 layers. Swine – 5 piglets, 5 growers, 5 breeding gilts
and sows and 5 finishers Provided that only the class of animals which are the object of the particular
kind of feed produced need be maintained.
Section 11. Two or more small feed millers may agree among themselves to establish and maintain a common
quality control laboratory and retain the services of a common personnel therefore and such shall be
considered sufficient compliance to the provisions of Section 8 hereof; Provided, that in lieu of the
above, any small feed miller may attach and avail itself of the laboratory services of any recognized
college / institute / university offering its laboratory for feed quality control services.
ARTICLE V – LABELING
Section 12. All containers of feed and/or feeding stuff offered for sale shall bear a complete label as required by
Section 5 of Republic Act 1556, as amended by P.D. 7.
Section 13. Each label shall be printed in English, must be legible, clear and distinct in its meaning. Brand
names of feeds must be printed in larger sized type than that of the ingredients. Labels must be attached
to the package, printed or affixed on one side of the container in such a way that the whole content of the
label can be read without detaching it. The standard name of the feed must likewise be clearly printed.
Section 14. Custom mixed feed must be accompanied by an invoice issued to the consumer-buyer showing total
weight of feed ingredients used, name of the consumer-buyer, date and name, address and registration
number of the number of the manufacturer in lieu of the tag or label.
Section 15. The guaranteed analysis specified in the label shall conform to the actual calculated nutrient
contents of feed and any changes in the said analysis shall be made known in writing to the Director of
Animal Industry before such changes are made.
Section 16. The minimum percentage of crude protein shall form part of the brand name of all high protein
mixed concentrates.
Section 17. In the case of mineral feeds or mixed feed containing more than a total of five percent of one or
more added mineral ingredients, the minimum and maximum percentages of calcium (Ca), the minimum
percentage of phosphorus (P) and iodine (I), and the maximum percentage of salt (NaCl) must be
declared; Provided, that if not nutritional properties other than those of a mineral nature be claimed for
mineral feed product, the percentage of crude protein, crude fat, and crude fiber may be omitted.
Section 18. Feeds containing drug or drug ingredients for the prevention of diseases of livestock should be
labeled to show: (a) The name and percentage of drug used; (b) Directions for use; (c) Warning against
use under those conditions in which its use may be dangerous to the health of livestock and man.
Section 19. Net weight – Label on each container must show the net weight in kilograms of the feed and/or
feeding stuff in the container. Such statements as “4 kilos gross” or 45 “kilos when packed”, etc. are
prohibited. Each bag of mixed feeds feeding stuff for commercial purpose shall have weight of either 10,
25, 40, and 50 kilograms.
Section 20. Misleading advertisement – Labels of containers of feed and/or feeding stuff must not contain any
form of advertisement and/or claims that are false and misleading. Any advertisement containing any
claim that the feed is suited for all purposes shall considered a misleading advertisement under this
Order.
Section 21. The use of urea in mixing feeds or the sale of mixed feeds, feedstuffs and ingredients, containing
urea is prohibited except for mixed feeds for ruminants, the amount in which should appear in the label.
ARTICLE VI – CLASSIFICATION
Section 22. By-products of grains shall be classified as follows:
1. Rice by-products:
a. Rice polish is the finely powdered material obtained in polishing rice kernels.
It shall have the following analysis:
Crude Protein…………………………………………… 12.0% min.
Fat ……………………………………………………… 15.0% min.
Fiber……………………………………………………..6.0%max.
Moisture ………………………………………………… 13.0% max.
b. Rice bran is the pericarp of bran layer of rice, with only such quantity of full fragments as is
unavoidable in the regular milling of rice.
Cono: D1 – First class or fine rice bran
Fat ……………………………………………………… 12.0% min.
Fiber …………………………………………………….. 7.0% max.
Moisture ………………………………………………… 13.0% max.
Cono: D2 – Second class or coarse rice bran
Crude Protein………………………………………………. 4.0% min.
Fat…………………………………………………………. 2.0% min.
Fiber……………………………………………………….. 30.0% max.
Moisture ………………………………………………… 13.0% max.
2. Corn by-products:
a. Corn bran is the outer coating of the corn kernel, with little or none of the starchy part of germ. It shall
have the following analysis:
Crude Protein……………………………………………10.0% min.
Fat……………………………………………………… 5.0% min.
Fiber…………………………………………………….. 8.0% max.
Moisture ………………………………………………… 13.0% max.
b.Corn grits are hard, flinty portions of sound corn, with little or none of the bran or germ. These broken
small particles are separated from the rest by screens of different gauges. Thus these grits are of
three sizes – fine (no. 22), intermediate (no. 16) and coarse (no. 14). They shall have the following
analysis:
Fat……………………………………………………… 0.5% min.
Fiber…………………………………………………….. 2.0% max.
Moisture ………………………………………………… 13.0% max.
c. Corn gluten meal – that part of commercial shelled corn that remains after the extraction of the
larger part of the starch and germ, and the separation of the bran by the processes employed in
the wet milling manufacture of corn starch or syrup. It may or may not contain either corn
solubles or corn oil meal. Crude Protein…………………………………………… 42.0% min.
Fat……………………………………………………… 1.5% min.
Fiber…………………………………………………….. 4.5% max.
Moisture ………………………………………………… 13.0% max.
d. Corn gluten feed – that part of commercial shelled corn that remains after the extraction of the
larger part of the starch and germ by the processes employed in the wet milling
manufacture of corn starch or corn syrup. It may or may not contain either corn solubles or
corn oil meal.
Crude Protein………………………………………….. 20.0%min.
Fat……………………………………………………… 2.0%min.
Fiber……………………………………………………. 8.0%max.
Moisture ………………………………………………… 13.0% max.
e. Corn germ meal – This is ground corn germ cake (the residual product after extraction of oil
from corn germ with other parts of the corn kernel) as separated in the dry milling process
of manufacture of corn meal, corn grits, hominy feed, and other corn by-products.
3. Whey By-products:
a. Wheat Pollard – is that portion of the wheat bran between the skin or the bran and the white interior
(source of white flour). It shall have the following analysis.
Soft:
Fat……………………………………………………… 4.0%min.
Fiber…………………………………………………….. 8.0%max.
Moisture ………………………………………………… 13.0%max.
Hard:
CrudeProtein…………………………………………… 16.0%min.
Fat……………………………………………………… 3.0%min.
Fiber…………………………………………………….. 8.0%max.
Moisture ………………………………………………… 13.0% max.
ARTICLE VII – METHODS OF ANALYSIS

Section 23. The methods of analysis as published in the official methods of the Association of Official
Agricultural Chemists, latest edition, shall be adopted in making analysis.
ARTICLE VIII – PUBLICATION
Section 24. Results of analysis and test of samples of feeds and feedstuffs collected from feed ingredient
suppliers and feed manufacturers shall be published quarterly by the Bureau or as often as may be
considered necessary, in which shall be specified the feeds and feedstuffs, the name of manufacturers
and suppliers, the date of analysis and the results thereof.
ARTICLE IX – SAMPLING
Section 25. The following methods of obtaining samples by feed inspectors shall be adopted:
1. The Director of Animal Industry or his authorized agent, representative, or inspector shall be
permitted at all reasonable time to enter and inspect any premises or conveyances in which feeds or feed
ingredients are sold, produced, processed, transported or held possession for sale or distribution when he
has reasonable cause to believe that any feed or feeding stuff is being prepared for sale and may open
any package containing or supposed to contain any feed or feeding stuff there found without cost. He
shall likewise be permitted to inspect only records or documents which are necessary in verifying the
volume of production and/or importation for proper assessment of the inspection fee as provided for in
Republic Act No. 1556, as amended.
2. Duplicate samples of a total of not less than ¼ kilo and not more than ½ kilo may be taken from
random-sampled unopened bags.
3. Each sample must be properly labeled according to the tag attached to the feed containers
where it was taken. Then each sample shall be sealed, signed and dated by the inspector in the presence of one
of the manufacturer’s /dealer’s and/or importer’s representative who shall also be requested to sign. One
of the samples shall be taken to the Bureau of Animal Industry for appropriate analysis, and the other
sample given to the manufacturer, owner, processor, and/or importer.
4. Results of analysis will be recorded in the Bureau files and may be published in accordance with the
provisions of this Order.
ARTICLE X – PAYMENT OF FEES

Section 26. Any person applying for registration under the Act shall pay a registration fee of: 1. For
manufacturer of feed or feedstuff, P 300.00 2. For manufacturer of non-commercial feed, free 3. For
importer or indentor, P 200.00 4. For supplier, P 100.00 5. For distributor, P 50.00 6. For retailer, P 5.00
per store.
Section 27. Inspection fees of P 0.20 per metric ton shall be levied on all feed ingredients, mixed feeds,
supplement and/or concentrates that are manufactured locally or imported from abroad.
Section 28. Inspection fees should be paid monthly on the basis of total feeds or feedstuffs manufacturer or
imported, Provided that the manufacturer or importer shall show to the inspector upon request all
records of production or importation for the months in question. Part of fractions of one (1) ton shall be
considered as one ton.
Section 29. The inspection fee shall be paid monthly to the Cashier of the Bureau of Animal Industry or his duly
authorized representative directly. Payments of inspection fees shall be accompanied, showing the
following:
1. Name of manufacturer or importer
2. Address
3. Date
4. Kinds of feeds manufactured or imported
5. Total weight (metric ton) of each kind of feed manufactured and/or imported.
Section 30. Surcharges. Fees imposed by the preceding sections which are not paid on the dates they are due
shall be levied an additional charge in accordance with the following rates: Within fifteen (15) days after
due date – 25% of amount due. Over fifteen (15) days but not more than thirty (30) days after due date –
50% of the amount due. Over thirty (30) days but not more than forty five (45) days after due date –
75% of the amount due. Provided, that the surcharges herein provided shall be without prejudice to
whatever other legal remedies or actions which the government may take for the protection of its rights
and interests.
ARTICLE XI – PROHIBITIONS
Section 31. Damaged and adulterated feed and feedstuff shall not be sold or offered for sale. For purposes of
this Order, the addition of ground rice hull to rice bran is expressly prohibited.
Section 32. No custom – mixed feed shall be sold in the open market.
Section 33. Containers which have been previously used for things or objects harmful to animals shall not be
used as containers for feed or feedstuffs. Feeds or feedstuffs found in said containers shall be considered
damaged for purposes of this Order.
ARTICLE XII – DAMAGED AND ADULTERATED FEED DISPOSITION

Section 34. The Director may order the disposition and condemnation of feed and feeding stuff found to the
damaged or adulterated under his direct supervision or he may order the disposition, under his
supervision, of the damaged and/or adulterated feed and feeding stuff by the manufacturer, importer or
any other person in possession thereof without prejudice for the damage or adulteration.
Section 35. The Director, upon recommendation of the Animal Feed Control Advisory Committee and with the
approval of the Secretary, may order, in lieu of the disposition provided in the preceding section, the sale
subject to conditions he may impose of the said damaged or adulterated feeds of some other economic
value other than as animal feed, in which event the proceeds thereof shall accrue to the fund established
under the Act.
ARTICLE XIII – OFFENSES AND PENALTIES

Section 36.
(a) It shall be unlawful for any person partnership, firm, cooperative, corporation or association to engage
in the manufacture, importation, sale or distribution of feeds or feeding stuff, without having first
registered in accordance with this Act in the Office of the Director of Animal Industry.
(b)Any firm, partnership, cooperative, corporation or association or its president/general manager or any
person which will be unlawfully use a registration number, fraudulently lessen or adulterate the feeding
value of any feed or feeding stuff, or tamper with packaged feeds for fraudulent purposes willfully
remove, alter or efface the prescribed tags, labels, markings, or other information placed on packages of
feeds or feeding stuffs, fraudulently alter or use certificates of analysis of any official analyst; willfully
obstruct, hinder, resist or in any other way oppose the Director or his duly authorized representative in
the execution of his duties under this Act; make unauthorized disposition of feed placed under detention;
imports, manufacture, distribute, advertise, sell or offer for sale or possess for sale any feed which does
not conform with or contravenes the provisions of this Act; or otherwise violate any provision of this
Act and the rules and regulations issued hereunder, shall be punished by a fine of not less than One
Thousand pesos or by imprisonment of not more than one year and one day, or by both, at the discretion
of the court.
ARTICLE XIV – REPEALING CLAUSE
Section 37. This Order revokes Animal Industry Administrative Order No. 16 and shall revoke, amend and/or
supersede such other orders, memoranda, rules and regulations which are inconsistent herewith.
ARTICLE XV – SEPARABILITY CLAUSE

Section 38. Any section or portion of this Order which may hereafter be declared unconstitutional shall not
affect the constitutionality of any other portions of this Order.
ARTICLE XVI – EFFECTIVITY

Section 39. This Order shall take effect six months after publication in the Official Gazette or in a newspaper of
general circulation except the provisions of Articles II, III, XI, XII, and XIII which shall take effect one
month after said publication. (Published in the Philippines Daily Express on November 26, 1975).
SO ORDERED.
(Sgd.) SALVADOR H. ESCUDERO III

Director
RECOMMENDED BY: THE ANIMAL FEED CONTROL ADVISORY COMMITTEE BY:
(Sgd.) GERONIMO DELA CERNA Chairman
APPROVED:
(Sgd.) ARTURO R. TANCO, JR.
Secretary of Agriculture
References:
https://law.moj.gov.tw/ENG/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=M0060001
https://www.wipo.int/edocs/lexdocs/laws/en/ph/ph150en.pdf
https://www.chanrobles.com/republicacts/republicactno1556.html
https://members.wto.org/crnattachments/2015/SPS/PHL/14_2165_00_e.pdf
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2015/02/20/implementing-rules-and-regulations-of-republic-act-no-10611/
Direction: 1. Research and submit updated and recent issuances and policies on feed regulations
IMPLICATIONS:
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
LESSON 8: VETERINARY DRUG LAWS
Target Outcomes
1. Interpret and apply laws/regulations issuances concerning veterinary drugs
Abstraction
Republic Act No. 9268 is reiterated in Lesson 8 since ONLY licensed Veterinarians can prescribe Veterinary
Drugs
Congress of the Philippines
Metro Manila
Twelfth Congress
Third Regular Session
Begun and held in Metro Manila, on Monday, the twenty-eight day of July, two thousand three.
Republic Act No. 9268 March 19, 2004
AN ACT TO REGULATE THE PRACTICE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE IN THE PHILIPPINES,

REPEALING FOR THE PURPOSE REPUBLIC ACT NO. 382 AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippine Congress Assembled:
ARTICLE I
TITLE, POLICY AND DEFINITION OF TERMS
Section 1. Title. - This act shall be known as "The Philippine Veterinary Medicine Act of 2004."
SEC. 2. Declaration of Policy. - It shall be the policy of the State to upgrade the practice of veterinary medicine
for the purpose of protecting the animal population in the country through safe and proper diagnosis, treatment
and surgery of these animals. The state recognizes the important role of veterinarians in nation building and
promotes the sustained development of veterinarians whose competence has been validated by honest and
credible licensure examination and whose standards of professionals practice and service are world-class and
internationally recognized and globally competitive.
SEC. 3. Objectives. - This Act provides for and shall govern:
(a) The administration and conduct of licensure examination, registration and licensing of veterinarians;
(b) The supervision and regulation of the practice of veterinary medicine;
(c) The integration of veterinarians under an accredited veterinary professional organization; and
SEC. 4. Definition of Terms.
(a) "Veterinarian" - is a natural person who has been registered and issued a valid Certificate of Registration and
Professional Identification Card by the Professional Regulatory Board of Veterinary Medicine in accordance
with this Act.
(b) "Accredited Professional Organization" - refers to the professional organization of veterinarians accredited
by the Board and the Commission.
ARTICLE II
PROFESSIONAL REGULATORY BOARD OF VETERINARY MEDICINE
SEC. 5. Composition of the Board. - There shall be created a Professional Regulatory Board of Veterinary
Medicine, hereafter referred as the Board, under the administrative supervision and control of the PRC,
hereinafter refer to as the commission, to be composed of the Chairman and two (2) members, who shall be
appointed by the President of the Philippines from among a list of three (3) recommendees for each position
submitted by the Commission from a list of five (5) nominees for each position submitted by the accredited
professional organization of veterinarians.
SEC. 6. Qualification of Members of the Board. - The members of the Board must at the time of nomination,
recommendation, and appointments:
(a) be a Filipino citizen and resident of the Philippines for at least five (5) years immediately preceding
nomination, recommendation and appointment;
(b) be a good health, sound mind, good moral character and reputation and have been convicted by final
judgment of any crime involving moral turpitude;
(c) be a registered veterinarian and holder of a valid Certificate of Registration and a valid Professional
Identification Card;
(d) be a member of good standing of the accredited professional organization;
(e) not be a member of the faculty whether full time, part time or as lecturer, or any school, college or university
where a regular course in veterinary medicine is taught, or be a member of a staff or reviewers in a review
school or center, and not have any direct or indirect pecuniary interest in any such institution;
(f) have practiced veterinary medicine for ten (10) years; and
(g) not be an officer of the accredited professional organization at eh time of nomination.
SEC. 7. Term of Office. - The chairperson and the two (2) members of the Board shall hold office for a term of
three (3) years from the date of appointments until their successors shall have been appointed and duly qualified
and may be reappointed once. The member serving the last year of his/her term shall automatically become the
chairperson of the Board. Vacancies in the Board shall be filled f or the unexpired portion of the term only.
Each member shall take the proper oath prior to assumption of duty. Upon effectivity of this Act, the
incumbents whose term have not yet expired or who are holdover status shall be allowed to served the
unexpired portion of their terms.
SEC. 8. Powers, Functions, Duties and responsibilities of the Board. - The Board shall have the following
specific powers, functions, duties and responsibilities.
(a) Enforce, Administer, and implement the provisions of this Act;
(b) Determine and evaluate the qualifications of the applicants for examination, registration and for issuance of
Certificate of Registration and Professional Identification Cards and/or special permits pursuant to the provision
of this Act;
(c) Prepare, adopt, issue and amend the syllabi for the subjects in the licensure examination, in consultation with
the Commission on Higher Education (CHED), the academe and the accredited professional organization;
(d) Register successful examinees in the licensure examination and issue the corresponding Certificate of
Registration;
(e) Enroll and registry book of veterinarian the names of successful examinees and to issue Certificate of
Registration and Professional Identification Card;
(f) Prescribe guidelines providing the continuing professional education (CPE) program of registered and
licensed veterinarians upon recommendation of the accredited professional organization of veterinarians;
(g) Revoke Certificate of Registration of or suspend registered and licensed veterinarians from the practice of
his/her profession or to cancel special temporary permits after due notice and hearing;
(h) Adopt and administer a Code of Ethics and a Code of Technical Standards fro Doctors of Veterinary
Medicines;
(i) Hear or investigate on its own or by delegation to a board member and a legal hearing officer of the
Commission cases arising from violations of this Act, the Rules and Regulations, Code of Ethics and Code of
Technical Standards issued thereafter and, in connection therewith, to issue subpoena ad testificandum and
subpoena duces terum to alleged violators or witnesses to compel their attendance and the production of
documents;
(j) Recommend to the CHED, in coordination with accredited professional organization, the prescribing,
amending and/or revising of the collegiate course leading to the degree of Doctor of Veterinary Medicine;
(k) Adopt the official seal of the Board;

(l) Promulgate such as rules and regulations or administrative orders and issuances as may be necessary to
properly and fully carry out the provisions of this Act; and
(m) Perform such other functions And duties as may be necessary to implement of this Act.
The policies, resolutions, rules and regulations issued or promulgated by the Board shall be subject to review
and approval by the Commission. However, the Board decision's resolution or orders which are not
interlocutory, rendered in an administrative case, shall be subject to review only if an appeal with the
Commission. The decision of the Board and/or the Commission may be appealed to the Court of Appeals in
accordance with the Rules of Court.
SEC. 9. Compensation and Allowances of the Board. - The chairman and members of the Board shall receive
compensation and allowances comparable to the compensation and allowances received by existing regulatory
boards under the Commission as provided for the General Appropriation Act.
SEC.10. Removal of the Board Members. - The chairman and members of the Board may be removed from
the office of the President of the Philippines, upon recommendation of the Commission on the following
grounds:
(a) Neglect of duty;

(b) Incompetence;
(c) Violation of Republic Act No. 6713, otherwise known as "The Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for
Public Officials and Employees," and " The Code of Ethics of the Veterinary Medicine Profession;"
(d) Manipulation or rigging of the veterinary licensure examination results;
(e) Disclosure of the examination questions or similar secret information;
(f) Tampering of the grades therein; and
(g) Final conviction by the court of criminal offense involving moral turpitude.
SEC. 11. Administrative Supervision of the Board, Custodian of its Records, Secretariat and its Support
Services. - The Board shall be under the administrative and executive management of the Commission. All
records of the Board, including the applications for examination, minutes of deliberations, and administrative
and other investigative cases shall be under the custody of the Commission. The Commission shall designate
the Secretary of the Board and shall provide the secretariat and support services to implement the provision of
this Act.
SEC. 12. Annual Report. - The Board shall, after the close of the fiscal year, submit an annual report to the
Commission giving a detailed report of the activities and proceedings of the Board during the year and
embodying such recommendations as the Board may be desire to make.
ARTICLE III
EXAMINATION AND REGISTRATION OF VETERINARIANS
SEC. 13. Examination Required. - Except as otherwise specially allowed under this Act, all applicant for
registration for the practice of veterinary medicine shall be required to pass the licensure examination to be
given by the Board and the Commission in such places and dates as the Commission may designate in
accordance with Republic Act No. 8981, subject to compliance with the requirements prescribed by the
Commission.
SEC. 14. Subjects Covered by the Examination. - The subjects for the licensure examination, shall cover the
following:
(1) Veterinary Parasitology;
(2) Veterinary Pharmacology
(3) Veterinary Medicine (including Ethics, Surgery, Animal Welfare and Jurisprudence);
(4) Zootechnics (including Animal Behavior and Environmental Health);

(5) Veterinary Microbiology and Veterinary Public Health;
(6) Veterinary Physiology
(7) Veterinary Anatomy; and
(8) Veterinary Pathology.
The Board may be amend, modify or exclude any of the subjects in any syllabi and new ones as technological
need arises subject to the approval of the Commission.
SEC. 15. Qualifications of Applicant for Examination. - In order to qualify for examination, an applicant
shall establish to the satisfaction of the Board that:
(a) he/she is a citizen of the Philippines or a foreigner whose country has reciprocity with the Philippines in the
practice of veterinary medicine;
(b) he/she is in good health and moral character, and sound mind;
(c) he/she has not been convicted by the final judgment of an offense involving moral turpitude by a competent
court; and
(d) he/she is a holder of a Degree in Veterinary Medicine from a recognized accredited College of Veterinary
Medicine by the Commission on Higher Education (CHED).
SEC. 16. Report of Ratings. - The Board shall, with ten (10) days or earlier after the date of examination,
report the rating obtained by each candidate to the Commission for official release and publication.
SEC. 17. Ratings in Examination. - In order to pass the examination, a candidate must obtain a weighted
average of at least seventy-five percent (75%) with no rating below sixty percent (60%)in any subject. A
candidate who obtains an average rating of seventy-five percent (75%) or higher but gets a rating below sixty
percent (60%) in any subject shall be allowed to take a re-examination in only those subjects in which he/she
obtained a rating below sixty percent (60%). Should he/she fails to obtain seventy-five percent (75%) in
reported subject or subjects, his/her examination shall be considered as failed, and he/she shall be required to
take all the subjects in the next examination.
SEC. 18. Issuances of Certificate of Registration and Professional Identification Card. - A certificate of
Registration as a veterinarian shall be issued to an applicant who passes the examination or who is registered
without examination and shall indicate the full name of the registrant, serial number, date of issuance bearing
the signature of the Commission of Chairperson and the chairman and members of the Board, with the official
seal of the Board and the Commission.
A Professional Identification Card bearing the registration number, date of issuance, expiry date, duly signed by
the Commission Chairperson, shall likewise be issued to every registrant who has paid the prescribed fee.
SEC. 19. Fees for Examination, Registration of License. - Applicants for examination and registration and
for the issuance of a Professional Identification Card shall pay the fees prescribed by the Commission.
SEC. 20. Oath. - All successful examinees and registrants without examination shall required to take a oath
before any member of the Board or any official authorized by the Commission or any government official
authorized by law before they start their practice.
SEC. 21. Refusal to Register. - The Board shall refuse to register an applicant as a veterinarian and to issue
his/her Certificate of Registration and Professional Identification Card if he/she is convicted of any criminal
offense involving moral turpitude, or found guilty of immoral or dishonorable conduct, or he/she is declared by
the court to be of unsound mind or have violated the Animal Welfare Act. The Board shall furnish the applicant
a written statement settings forth the reasons for its action which shall be incorporated in the records of the
Board.
SEC. 22. Revocation of Certificate of Registration and Suspension from the Practice of Veterinary
Medicine and Cancellation of Special Permit. - The Board shall have the power to reprimand or suspend any
person from the practice of the veterinary medicine, revoke the Certification of Registration of any registered
veterinarian, or cancel special permit issued upon any of the following ground:
(a) any of the cause mentioned in this Section 21;

(b) unprofessional and unethical conduct;
(c) gross incompetence, gross negligence, gross ignorance or any other acts of malpractice resulting in the
disability, disfigurement or death of an animal;
(d) use of fraud, deceit, or false statements in obtaining registration, Certificate of Registration, Professional
Identification Card, or special permit;
(e) for chronic inebriety or habitual substance abuse;
(f) having professional connection with or lending one's name to an illegal practitioner of veterinary medicine;
(g) fraud or dishonesty in applying, teaching or report on any laboratory test and research findings.
(h) False misleading advertising, having for its purpose or intent deception or fraud;
(i) Knowingly and deliberately concealing or failing of report as required by law, or making false reports
regarding the spread of contagious or infectious diseases;
(j) Violation of rules and regulations, Code of Ethics, Code Technical Standards and other policies of the Board
and the Commission issued pursuant to this Act; or
(k) Practicing his/her profession during the period of his/her suspension from the practice of his profession.
SEC. 23. Rights of Respondent. - The respondent registered veterinarian shall entitled to counsel, a speedy
public hearing, and to confront and cross-examine witnesses against him.
SEC. 24. Administrative Investigation. - Within five (5) day after filing written charges under oath,
respondent registered veterinarian shall be furnished a copy thereof requiring him to answer the same. The
administrative investigation shall be conduced by the Board, or any of its members as may be designated by the
Commission, on cases involving the practice of the profession: Provided, however, That the decision shall be
promulgated by the Board.
SEC. 25. Appeal. - The decision of the denial or refusal to issue Certificate of Registration, the revocation or
suspension of Certificate of Registration, and the cancellation of special permit by the Board shall be final
unless appealed to the Commission within fifteen (15) day from receipt of the decision. The decision of the
Board and/or Commission may be appealed to the Court of Appeals.
SEC. 26. Reinstatement. - Subject to the approval of the Commission, a person may apply to the Board for
reinstatement of his/her Certificate of Registration/professional license any time after the expiration of one (1)
year from the date of revocation of said certificate. The application shall be writing and shall conform the
requirements provided by the Board. No certificate shall be reinstated unless the Board is satisfied that a good
cause exists to warrant such reinstatement.
SEC. 27. Indication of the Certificate of Registration and Professional Identification Card and
Professional Tax Receipt. - A registered and licensed veterinarian shall indicate his/her Certificate of
Registration/Professional Identification Card with date of issue and expiry, and the Professional Tax Receipt
number, on the prescription and other documents he/she signs, uses, or issues in connection with the practice of
his/her profession.
SEC. 28. Automatic Registration. - All veterinarians whose names appears in the roster of veterinarians shall
be automatically or ipso facto registered as veterinarians under this Act.
ARTICLE IV
PRACTICE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE
SEC. 29. Acts of Constituting Practice of Veterinary Medicine. - A person who is authorized to practice
veterinary medicine under this Act shall append or cause to be appended to his name the letters D.V.M. (Doctor
of Veterinary Medicine), V..M. D. (Veterinary Medical Doctor), D.V.S.(Doctor of Veterinary of Science), the
words "Veterinarian, " Veterinary Surgeon, " Veterinary Dentist," or "Veterinary" any other initial or title
implying qualification to practice, offer or render, for a fee or otherwise, services such as:
(a) the examination and/or diagnosis, treatment, operation of, or the prescribing and dispensing of any remedy
for, any injury to or diseases, ailment or deformity of animals;
(b) attesting for official or commercial purpose to the health of any terrestrial, aquatic, domestic or non-
domestic animals;
(c) rendering veterinary technical services which indirectly affect the health and welfare of human beings and
animals;
(d) attesting to the fitness for human consumption of animal products and by-products;
(e) holding of any job or position in a public or private entity which requires knowledge of or skill in veterinary
medicine; or
(f) teaching or lecturing of veterinary clinical subjects in the curriculum of the degree in veterinary medicine.
Provided, That the enumeration of the above practices or services in this Section shall not be construed as
excluding any other work requiring knowledge and application of professional veterinary medicine which the
Board may specify, upon the recommendation of accredited professional organization in Veterinary Medicine.
Sec. 30. Unlawful Practice of Veterinary Medicine. - It shall be unlawful for any person to practice veterinary
medicine and any of its allied branches, including veterinary dentistry, without a valid and existing Certificate
of Registration and Professional Identification Card issued by the Board of Veterinary Medicine and the
Commission.
SEC. 31. Foreign Reciprocity. - No foreigner shall be admitted to the examination or be registered as
veterinarian under this Act unless he/she proves that the country of which he/she is a citizen of, either permits
Filipino citizens to practice veterinary medicine without need for registration, without restriction, or allows
them to practice after an examination on term of strict and absolute quality with nationals of said country.
SEC. 32. Roster of Veterinarian. - The Board shall keep a roster of the names, residence and office address of
all registered and licensed veterinarians. The said roster shall be made available to the public upon request and
payment of prescribed fees thereof.
SEC. 33. Penal Provision. - The following persons shall be punished:

(a) Any person who shall practice veterinary medicine within the meaning of this Act without a valid Certificate
of Registration and a Professional Identification Card or a valid special permit issued in accordance
herewith;
(b) Any person presenting or using as his or her own Certificate of Registration or Professional Identification
Card of another
(c) Any person who shall give any false or forged evidence of any kind to the Board or the Commission in
obtaining any of the foregoing documents;
(d) Any person who shall falsely impersonate any registrant with like or different name;
(e) Any registered and licensed veterinarian who shall abet or assist illegal practice of a person who is not
lawfully qualified to practice veterinary medicine;
(f) Any person who shall attempt to use a revoked or suspended Certificate of Registration or any invalid or
expired Professional Identification Card or a cancelled special permit;
(g) Any person assuming, using or advertising any title, description tending to convey the impression that he or
she is a registered and licensed veterinarian; or
(h) Any person who violates any provision of this Act and its rules and regulations shall, upon conviction be
punished by a fine of not less than Fifty Thousand Pesos (50,000.00) nor more than One Hundred Thousand
Pesos (100,000.00) or by imprisonment of not less than one (1) year nor more than five (5) years or both
fine and imprisonment for each and every offense at the discretion of the court.
SEC. 34. Enforcement. - The Commission shall implement the provision of this Act, enforce its implementing
rules and regulations as adopted by the Board and assist the Board in the investigation of complaint against
violators of this Act, its rules and regulations and other policies of the Board.The Commission shall call upon or
request any department, instrumentality, office, bureau, or agency of the government including local
government units to render such assistance as it may require to coordinate or cooperate in order to carry out,
enforce or implement the provision of this Act.
SEC. 35. Funding Provision. - The Chairperson of the PRC shall immediate include in the Commission's
programs the implementation of this Act, the funding of which shall be included in the annual General
Appropriate Act.
SEC. 36. Implementing Rules and Regulations. - Within sixty (60) days after the effectivity of this Act,
subject to the approval of the Commission, the Board in coordination with the accredited professional
organization, shall promulgate the necessary rules and regulations to implement the provisions of this Act,
which shall be effective after fifteen (15) days following its publication in the Official Gazette or newspaper of
general circulation.
SEC. 37. Separability Clause. - If any part of this Act is declared unconstitutional, the remaining parts not
affected thereby shall continue to be valid and operational.
SEC. 38. Repealing Clause. - Republic Act No. 382 and all other laws, decrees, orders, circulars, rules and
regulations, and other issuances, and part thereof which are inconsistent with this Act are hereby superseded,
repealed, amended, or modified accordingly.
SEC. 39. Effectivity. - This Act shall take effect thirty (30) days after its publication in the Official Gazette or
in any newspaper of general circulation.
Approved,
FRANKLIN DRILON JOSE DE VENECIA, JR.

President of the Senate Speaker of the House of Representatives
This Act which is a consolation of House Bill No. 6002 and Senate Bill No. 2578 was finally passed by the
House of Representatives and the Senate on January 20, 2004 and January 19, 2004, respectively.
Approved: March 19, 2004
GLORIA MACAPAGAL-ARROYO
President of the Philippines
An Act to Regulate the Sale of Veterinary Biologics and Medical Preparations

Congress of the Philippines
15 June 1954
SECTION 1. For purposes of this Act, the terms “veterinary biologics,”, “veterinary medicinal preparations”,
“livestock”, “poultry”, and “house pets” are to be construed to mean;
(a) Veterinary biologics are preparations which include serum and bacterial and viral products from
biological laboratories.
(b) Serum for veterinary use, be it normal or immune, are those for the diagnosis, treatment and
prevention of diseases of different species of livestock, poultry and house pets.
(c) Bacterial and viral products for veterinary use, including vaccines and antigens, are those for the
diagnosis of, and immunization against disease of livestock, poultry and house pets.
(d) Medicinal preparations for veterinary use, are those pharmaceutical products for the treatment and
prevention of diseases as well as for other purposes in the protection and improvement of livestock,
poultry and house pets.
(e) Livestock comprise the mammalian animals, and poultry, the avian animals which are domesticated
and kept or raised in backyards or on farms.
(f) House pets are those animals which are kept in homes like the dogs, cats, animals, birds, etc.
SECTION 2. It shall be unlawful for any agency or store to sell to the public veterinary biologics and
medicinal preparations other than registered pharmacies or drug-stores (boticas), biological laboratories,
veterinary clinics and government veterinary agencies.
SECTION 3. The manager or proprietor of any agency, store, or entity which fails to comply with the
provisions of this Act shall be guilty of misdemeanor, and upon conviction shall be punished by a fine of not
less than one hundred pesos nor more than two hundred pesos or by imprisonment for not less than thirty days
nor more than six months, or by both fine and imprisonment for each offense, and it shall be the duty of the
Provincial or City Fiscals where such offense is committed to prosecute all persons violating the provisions of
this Act, upon proper complaint being made. All fines collected under this Act shall be paid into the treasury of
the province or city where the prosecution is held.
SECTION 4. This Act shall take precedence above all existing rules and regulations regarding the sale of
veterinary biologics and medicinal preparations in the Philippines.
SECTION 5. This Act shall take effect upon its approval.
Approved: June 15, 1954.

References:
https://ww2.fda.gov.ph/index.php/consumers-corner/registered-veterinary-drugs-list-of-all-registered-drugs-for-
animal-use
https://www.nifds.go.kr/brd/m_95/down.do?brd_id=board_mfds_411&seq=22991&data_tp=A&file_seq=2
https://www.philippinemedicalassociation.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Memorandum-Circular-No-2018-
10-03-031.pdf
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2009/08/18/republic-act-no-9711/
http://hrlibrary.umn.edu/research/Philippines/RA_9165.html
Direction: 1. Search and submit the following:

1. Generics Act of 1988
2. Regulations for the Licensing of Veterinary Drugs and Products and Estblishments and
Outlets (AO 100)
3. RA 3101 An Act authorizing the Director of Animal Industry to promulgate regulation
for the preparation, sale, traffic in and shipment, and importation of viruses, serum,
toxins, or analogue products used for the treatment of domestic animals and relevant
implementing guidelines.
IMPLICATIONS:
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
LESSON 9: VETERINARY PRACTICE LAW
Target Outcomes
1. Evaluate and analyze who shall legally practice the profession

Abstraction
A review of Veterinary Medicine law of 2004 (RA 9296)
Direction:
1. Correlate PVMA Code of Ethics and RA 9296
IMPLICATIONS:
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
Unit 4: THE VETERINARIAN AND THE CLIENT
LESSON 1 : VETERINARIAN-CLIENT-PATIENT RELATIONSHIP
Target Outcomes
1. Interact professionally with the clients and treat the patients according to the protocol
Abstraction
I. The veterinarian-client-patient relationship (VCPR) is the basis for interaction among veterinarians, their
clients, and their patients.
A. VCPR exists when all of the following conditions have been met:
● The veterinarian has assumed responsibility for making clinical judgement regarding the
health of the animal(s) and the need for medical treatment and the client has agreed to follow
the veterinarians instructions.
● The veterinarian has sufficient knowledge of the animal(s) to initiate at least a general or
preliminary diagnosis of the medical condition of the animal(s). This means that the
veterinarian has recently seen and is personally acquainted with the keeping and care of the
animal(s) by virtue of an examination of the animal(s), or by medically appropriate and timely
visits to the premises where the animal(s) are kept.
● The veterinarian is readily available, or has arranged for emergency coverage, for follow-up
evaluation in the event of adverse reactions or the failure of the treatment regimen.
B. When a VCPR exists, veterinarians must maintain medical records
C. Dispensing or prescribing a prescription product requires a VCPR
D. Veterinarians may terminate a VCPR under certain conditions, and they have an ethical obligation to
use courtesy and tact in doing so.
If there is no ongoing medical condition, veterinarians may terminate a VCPR by notifying the
client that they no longer wish to serve that patient and client.
If there is an ongoing medical or surgical condition, the patient should be referred to another
veterinarian for diagnosis, care, and treatment. The former attending veterinarian should continue to
provide care, as needed, during the transition.
E. Clients may terminate the VCPR at any time.
II. ATTENDING, CONSULTING AND REFERRING

A. Attending veterinarians are entitled to charge a fee for their professional services. When appropriate,
attending veterinarians are encouraged to seek assistance in the form of consultations and referrals.
A decision to consult or refer is made jointly by the attending veterinarian and the client. When
a consultation occurs, the attending veterinarian continues to be primarily responsible for the
case.
B. A consulting veterinarian is a veterinarian (or group of veterinarians) who agrees to advise an
attending veterinarian on the care and management of a case. The VCPR remains the
responsibility of the attending veterinarian.
Consulting veterinarians may or may not charge fees for service. When such fees are charged, they are
usually collected from the client by the attending veterinarian. Consulting veterinarians should
communicate their findings and opinions directly to the attending veterinarians. Consulting veterinarians
should revisit the patients or communicate with the clients in collaboration with the attending veterinarians.
Consultations usually involve the exchange of information or interpretation of test results. However, it
may be appropriate or necessary for consultants to examine patients.
When advanced or invasive techniques are required to gather information or substantiate diagnoses,
attending veterinarians may refer the patients.
A new VCPR is established with the veterinarian to whom a case is referred.
C. The referral veterinarian or receiving veterinarian is a veterinarian (or group of veterinarians)
who agrees to provide requested veterinary services. A new VCPR is established. The referring and referral
veterinarians must communicate.
Attending veterinarians should honor clients requests for referral.
Referral veterinarians may choose to accept or decline clients and patients from attending veterinarians.
Patients are usually referred because of specific medical problems or services. Referral veterinarians
should provide services or treatments relative to the referred conditions, and they should communicate
with the referring veterinarians and clients if other services or treatments are required.
D. When a client seeks professional services or opinions from a different veterinarian without a
referral, a new VCPR is established with the new attending veterinarian. When contacted, the
veterinarian who was formerly involved in the diagnosis, care, and treatment of the patient should
communicate with the new attending veterinarian as if the patient and client had been referred.
With the client's consent, the new attending veterinarian should contact the former veterinarian to learn
the original diagnosis, care, and treatment and clarify any issues before proceeding with a new treatment
plan.
If there is evidence that the actions of the former attending veterinarian have clearly and significantly
endangered the health or safety of the patient, the new attending veterinarian has a responsibility to
report the matter to the appropriate authorities of the local and state association or professional
regulatory agency.
III. INFLUENCES ON JUDGEMENT

A. The choice of treatments or animal care should not be influenced by considerations other than the
needs of the patient, the welfare of the client, and the safety of the public.
B. Veterinarians should not allow their medical judgment to be influenced by agreements by which they
stand to profit through referring clients to other providers of services or products.
C. The medical judgments of veterinarians should not be influenced by contracts or agreements made by
their associations or societies.
D. When conferences, meetings, or lectures are sponsored by outside entities, the organization that
presents the program, not the funding sponsor, shall have control of the contents and speakers.
E. Veterinarians should disclose to clients potential conflicts of interest.
IV. THERAPIES
1. Attending veterinarians are responsible for choosing the treatment regimens for their patients. It is the
attending veterinarians responsibility to inform the client of the expected results and costs, and the related
risks of each treatment regimen.
2. It is unethical for veterinarians to prescribe or dispense prescription products in the absence of a
VCPR.
3. It is unethical for veterinarians to promote, sell, prescribe, dispense, or use secret remedies or any
other product for which they do not know the ingredient formula.
4. It is unethical for veterinarians to use or permit the use of their names, signatures, or professional
status in connection with the resale of ethical products in a manner which violates those directions or
conditions specified by the manufacturer to ensure the safe and efficacious use of the product.
V. GENETIC DEFECTS
Performance of surgical or other procedures in all species for the purpose of concealing genetic defects
in animals to be shown, raced, bred, or sold, as breeding animals is unethical.
However, should the health or welfare of the individual patient require correction of such genetic
defects, it is recommended that the patient be rendered incapable of reproduction.
VI. MEDICAL RECORDS

A. Veterinary medical records are an integral part of veterinary care. The records must comply with the
standards established by state and federal law.
B. Medical Records are the property of the practice and the practice owner. The original records must be
retained by the practice for the period required by statute.
C. Ethically, the information within veterinary medical records is considered privileged and confidential.
It must not be released except by court order or consent of the owner of the patient.
D. Veterinarians are obligated to provide copies or summaries of medical records when requested by the
client. Veterinarians should secure a written release to document that request.
E. Without the express permission of the practice owner, it is unethical for a veterinarian to remove,
copy, or use the medical records or any part of any record
References:
https://www.avma.org/resources-tools/pet-owners/petcare/veterinarian-client-patient-relationship-vcpr
http://www.farad.org/veterinarian-client-patient-relationship.html
http://www.cvo.org/getmedia/a499cbd1-b7ea-41af-af4e-bdcac8b05039/PPSVCPR.aspx
https://animallaw.foxrothschild.com/2019/06/12/the-veterinarian-client-patient-relationship-and-telemedicine/
https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/steps_to_developing_a_veterinarian_client_patient_relationship
https://thehorse.com/175819/10-secrets-to-a-good-vet-client-patient-relationship/
Direction: Give two situations /examples about the lesson based on your experience.
IMPLICATIONS:
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
LESSON 2: HUMAN COMPANION ANIMAL BOND

Target Outcomes
1. Realize the importance of keeping a pet and the benefits it could contribute to human well-being
Abstraction
THE HUMAN-COMPANION ANIMAL BOND

The human–animal bond is extremely important to most clients of small animal veterinary
practices.
Pet ownership, or just being in the presence of a companion animal, is associated with health
benefits, including improvements in mental, social, and physiologic health status.
Client education and enhanced veterinary care can reduce the risk from zoonotic diseases, even
for the immunocompromised.
VETERINARY FAMILY PRACTICE

The evolution of the role of pets in human affairs has opened new opportunities for veterinarians,
especially those in family practice. Practices that include the entire family build lifelong relationships
with families and their animals. Clients look forward to consistently seeing the same veterinarian.
Veterinarians no longer just treat the animal; emotional needs of the family are addressed along with the
medical needs of the pet.
Practitioners may consider incorporating children into their communications with the family and
making it easy for families with children to be comfortable during veterinary visits (eg, providing a play
area in the waiting room or planning for children to be present in or visibly near the examination room).
Impeccable cleanliness also matters.
Veterinary practices that exhibit these values demonstrate the understanding that every medical
intervention carries emotional consequences and that medical competence and providing emotional
support go hand-in-hand.
Studies have shown that communication has a key role in the owner-pet and client-veterinarian
bond, because it affects the care pets receive. Effective communication significantly affects the loyalty
of the pet owner to the veterinarian. Clients value the genuine love and interest veterinarians show for
the animals.
They expect interactive, two-way communication that includes listening and asking relevant
questions. Clear recommendations and effective communication of their rationale also lead to better
client adherence.
A strong owner-animal bond is associated with greater attention to veterinary care. Clients feel
strongly about the quality of life of their pets, as revealed in studies involving surgery or medical
problems of pets.
Veterinarians and owners can use a quality of life scale (eg, the HHHHHMM Scale to monitor
the pet's hurt, hunger, hydration, hygiene, happiness, mobility, and more good days than bad) as an aid
in assessment. A strong majority of clients indicate they would trade their pet's longevity for quality of
life. Among variables of quality of life, the pet's ability to interact with them was the most important.
BENEFITS OF PET OWNERSHIP

Animal Visitation . Studies have found that simply having an animal present or visiting is
beneficial to children and adults in some health care situations. More recently, they found that the
presence of a dog during potentially painful medical procedures reduced chronically ill children's
physiological and psychological levels of distress.
THE HUMAN COMPANION ANIMAL BOND

In recognition of our bond to our pets, there are many groups that have developed throughout the
country and worldwide to foster the human/companion animal bond. I list here only a few of them:
1. Delta Society: trains people and their animals to work in hospitals, rehab centers, nursing homes
and other facilities.
2. Animal Outreach: hugs to share: a group of dedicated individuals who are involved in animal
assisted therapy or animal visitations programs in schools, nursing homes, psychiatric facilities.
3. Canine Companions for Independence (CCI): a non-profit organization dedicated to serving
people with disabilities by providing trained service,hearing , and social dogs, and by providing continuing
support to ensure the success of the working team.
4. PAWS (Pets Are Wonderful Support): a non-profit charitable organization that provides assistance to
pet-owning people with HIV/AIDS.
5. Waltham is actively involved in research into the relationship between people and pets. They are
studying the exact mechanisms by which pets benefit their owners
References:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195561608001940
https://www.vetsmall.theclinics.com/article/S0195-5616(08)00194-0/pdf
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/24026790_The_Benefits_of_Human-
Companion_Animal_Interaction_A_Review
https://www.aspca.org/about-us/aspca-policy-and-position-statements/humancompanion-animal-bond
Direction: Initiate a strategy on how to convince somebody to have a pet.
IMPLICATIONS:
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
Unit 5: THE VETERINARIAN AND THE PATIENT
LESSON 1: ANIMAL CHARACTERISTICS, RIGHTS AND WELFARE
Target Outcomes
1. Differentiate animal rights from animal welfare
Abstraction
Animals have several characteristics that set them apart from other living things:
● Animals are eukaryotic and mostly multicellular, which separates them from bacteria and most protist.
● Animals are kingdoms of multicellular eukaryotes. They cannot make their own foods. Instead, they get the
nutrients by eating other living things. Therefore, animals are heterotrophs.
● Like the cell of eukaryotes, animal cell have nucleus and other membrane bound organelles. Unlike the
cells of plants and fungi, animal cells lack a cell wall. This gives animal cells flexibility. It lets them take on
different shapes so they can become specialized to do particular jobs
● Animals typically reproduce sexually.
● Animals are capable of motion in some stage of their lives.
● Animals are able to respond quickly
● Animals can detect environmental stimuli, such as light, sound, and touch. Stimuli are detected by sensory
nerve cells. The information is transmitted and processed by the nervous system
● All animals can move, at least during some stage of their life cycle. Muscles and nerves work together to
allow movement. Being able to move lets animals actively search for food and mates. It also helps them
escape from predators.
● Virtually all animals have internal digestion of food. Animals consume other organisms and may use
special tissues and organs to digest them.
● All animals are heterotrophs, meaning that they feed directly or indirectly on other living things. They are
often further subdivided into groups such as carnivores, herbivores, omnivores, and parasites.
● Predation is a biological interaction where a predator ( a heterotroph that is hunting) feeds on its prey (the
arganism that is attacked).
● The other category main category of consumption is detritivory, the consumption of dead organic matter.
● Nearly all animals undergo some form of sexual reproduction. They have a few specialized reproductive
cells, which undergo meiosis to produce smaller, motile spermatozoa or larger, non motile ova. These fuse
to form zygotes, which develop into new individuals
● Asexual reproduction. This may take place through parthenogenesis, where fertile eggs are produced
without mating, budding, or fragmentation
Animal Rights
An animal right is the philosophy of allowing non-human animals to have the most basic rights that all
animate beings desire:
● The freedom to live a natural life from human exploitation
● Unnecessary pain and suffering
● Premature death.
All rights in a movement that intends to protect all animals from being exploited and abused by
humans. This includes the used of animals for anything that causes them pain and suffering, such as:
● Medical experimentation
● Imprisonment in circuses and zoos
● Fur production
The animal rights movements is not interested in making animals and human equal. Rather, they work
for basic rights of all animals to live free of human abuse, and avoid unnecessary pain or premature death at the
hands of humans.
In 19th Century Arthur Schopenhauer and Henry Salt created awareness with the publication of the first
book on animal issues and the importance of giving them a place in the moral system.
In 1970- most of the modern terms were coined. Richard Ryder, an Oxford psychologist coined the word
“speciesism”, which came to be the basis of animal rights movement
Spciesism- is the assignment of different values to beings depending on their species. Ryder wrote extensively
on the issue and considered as serious as racism.
Peter Singer in 1975 wrote that what is now considered the basic reference book for animal rights
activist. The book Animal Liberation has been used as course book for Singer’s Bioethics course at Princeton
University
Animal Rights Concerns:
Fur
Wool
Wildlife
Aquariums and Zoos
Pets or Companion animals
Used for animals in entertainment
Medical experiments on animals
How is Animal Rights Different form Animal Welfare?

Proponents of animal Welfare seek to alleviate the suffering of animals while the re being exploited
without attempting to question the fundamental basis of whether it is acceptable to exploit animals in the first
place.
Animal rights beliefs reject the idea that the need to have a value to the human species in order to be
deserving of rights. A person can work for both animal welfare and animal rights.
How is Animal Rights Related to Human Rights

Since the beginning f record history, humans have tried to maintain their dominance over others. As
humaity began to grow intellectually ad socially, it is taken away from them because of the class to which they
belonged. Though today there is still prejudice, it is less widespread among many groups of people; for
example, it has become a positive value in our culture to be against racism and sexism.
An amazing aspect of prejudice is that most of us cannot relate to it until it affects us on a personal level
which in many cases is too late to stop the perpetrators from continuing.
How does humanity intend to solve differences among its own species when it cannot learn to make peace with
the other animals on earth?
Humans need to start thinking and living in terms of co-existence, as , as opposed to dominance. You
certainly do not have to love your neighbors, but you should be able to get along with them. Peace begins with
the individuals who makes a conscious effort to go through life making the least negative impact possible.
References:
https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Book
%3A_Introductory_Biology_(CK-12)/10%3A_Animals/10.01%3A_Animal_Characteristics
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_rights
Direction: Differentiate Animal Rights from Animal Welfare
IMPLICATIONS:
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
LESSON 2: PALAS CODE OF PRACTICE FOR THE CARE AND USE OF LABORATORY
ANIMALS
Target Outcomes
1. Put into use the code of ethics in the use and care of laboratory animals
Abstraction
The Philippine Association for Laboratory Animal Science (PALAS) was established in 1998. Its
primary objectives are to formulate, implement and coordinate programs and activities geared towards the
development and advancement of laboratory animal science in the Philippines.
It is active in the promotion of the Animal Welfare Act of 1998 and its corresponding implementing
rules and regulations on the conduct of scientific procedures using quality laboratory animals (DA-AO No. 40).
The promotion of animal welfare, good science and safeguarding its members' interest in maintaining their
ethical and professional standards are PALAS' advocacies as well.
When are animals the most appropriate samples to be used in research?
When the mechanism is too complex for in vitro testing or use of lower form of animals to give
conclusive results and is unethical to conduct the study on human beings (e.g. preliminary testing of drug safety
and efficacy) Source: http://www.ecu.edu.au/GPPS/ethics/assets/GuineaPig1.JPG RESEARCH ETHICS 8
ETHICS IN ANIMAL STUDIES
Ethical considerations in animal studies
1. Avoidance or minimization of the use of animals by resorting to alternative methods, or if not

possible, at least the number of animals that will be used in the study
2. Avoidance or minimization of discomfort, distress, or pain as ethical imperatives
3. Observance of humane way of anesthesia, surgery and euthanasia
4. Provision of best possible living conditions
Source: CIOMS International Guiding Principles for Biomedical Research Involving Animals
RESEARCH ETHICS 9 ETHICS IN ANIMAL STUDIES

Existing Guidelines/Laws/Protocols in protecting the welfare of animals International
1. CIOMS (Council for International Organizations for Medical Sciences) International Guiding
Principles for Biomedical Research Involving Animals
2. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources,
National Research Council, USA
RESEARCH ETHICS
ETHICS IN ANIMAL STUDIES
Existing Guidelines/Laws/Protocols in protecting the welfare of animals
National
1. Animal Welfare Act of 1998 (RA 8485)
2. Department of Agriculture AO No. 40 – Rules and Regulations on the Conduct of Scientific

Procedures Using Animals
3. Philippine Association of Laboratory Animal Sciences (PALAS) Code of Practice for the Care
and Use of Laboratory Animals in the Philippines
RA 8485: Animal Welfare Act of 1998 SECTION 6. It shall be unlawful for any person to torture any
animal, to neglect to provide adequate care, sustenance or shelter, or maltreat any animals or to subject
any dog or horse to dogfights or horse fights, kill or cause or procure to be tortured or deprived of
adequate care sustenance or shelter, or maltreat or use the same in research or experiments not expressly
authorized by the Committee on Animal Welfare.
Ethical Considerations in Clinical Trials
• Collaborative partnership
• Social Value
• Scientific Validity
• Fair subject selection
• Favorable risk-benefit ratio
• Independent review
• Informed consent
• Respect for human subjects
Source: Emmanuel, E.J. What Makes Clinical Research Ethical? Source: http://www.alzhei
mersofglynn.org/Images/ Clinical%20Trials.png
Guidelines/ethical codes governing clinical trials
1. World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki (WMA-DoH)

2. International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of
Pharmaceuticals for Human Use: ICH Harmonised Tripartite Guideline for Good Clinical Practice E6
(ICH-GCP) RESEARCH ETHICS 14 ETHICS IN CLINICAL TRIALS Guidelines/ethical codes
governing clinical trials
3. CIOMS International Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical Research Involving Human Subjects
(CIOMS-Biomedical)
4. CIOMS International Ethical Guidelines for Epidemiological Studies (CIOMSEpidemiological)
5. National Ethical Guidelines for Health Research Good Clinical Practice
Declaration of Helsinki Key principles
• Well-being of subject takes precedence

• Respect for persons
• Protection of subjects health and rights
• Special protection for vulnerable populations
What is Good Clinical Practice?
GCP is defined as a standard for the design, conduct, performance, monitoring, auditing, recording,
analysis and reporting of clinical trials or studies GCP compliance provides public assurance that the rights,
safety and well-being of human subjects involved in research are protected
References:
https://palas-ph.org/http://danrogayan.weebly.com/uploads/8/2/7/4/82740308/400_ethics_in_research.pdf
Direction: Submit the PALAS Code for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals
IMPLICATIONS:
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
Unit 6: THE VETERINARIAN AND THE PRACTICE
LESSON 1: VETERINARY SKILLS CHARACTERISTICS
PRACTICE MANAGEMENT
FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
MARKETING
Target Outcomes
1. Develop skills and characteristics appropriate of a veterinarian/professional and learn about

entrepreneurship
Abstraction
Veterinarians play an important role in protecting animal welfare, animal health, public health as well as
the environment and provide a wide range of services.
Veterinarians shall endeavour to ensure the welfare and health of the animals under their care in
whichever section of the veterinary profession they work.
Veterinarians shall always take into account the five freedom’s for assessing animal welfare.
When aware of violations to animal welfare legislation, veterinarians shall immediately bring to this to
the attention of the owner of the animal(s) and do everything within their reach to solve the problem.
Veterinarians shall all animals in their care and respect.
Setting Up Business
Many first time practice owners find the initial planning stages of practice set-up difficult. Seeking out
specialist advisors, who hold the experience to support you is a great first step towards success.
1. Develop your business plan - It’s important that you take time in the initial planning stages to
complete a business plan. A good business plan will give you a clear direction for the-set up and
running of your practice, and allow you better control over your practice’s future.
2. Identify your Ideal patient base - Who is your ideal patient? Will you specialise in large or small
animals? Have all your staff been trained to deliver a quality customer experience to your pet
parents? What makes your practice and service unique and different?
3. Create a Marketing Strategy - A good marketing strategy can help you to grow your patient numbers.
Your marketing strategy should include programs to attract the attention of new customers and retain
existing customers. Remember to include ideas for keeping in touch with your client base, so that you
can promote special offers and new services –a discounted ‘tic season’ check for example.
4. Choosing the location of your premises – will you buy or lease?
Choose your location wisely. A practice built on a busy road may be highly visible to passing traffic,
however has the parking area been designed to enable clients to safely transfer their pets from their
car to your reception area?
Once you have decided on the right address for your new practice, consider the pros and cons of
buying verses leasing your premises. Don’t be tempted to ‘guess’ the numbers. Talk to a veterinarian
finance expert so that you are informed about the true pricing implications of your decision.
5. Competition
Identifying the competition is also important. Are there other vet practices in close proximity to
your practice premises? If so, how will you differentiate your practice and its benefits? What will
encourage patients to choose your practice over your competitors?
6. Build a team of trusted advisors
A good accountant, legal advisor and a finance specialist with vet industry expertise can help
make your set-up less stressful and more likely to succeed. If you don’t already have a team of trusted advisors,
why not ask a colleague for recommendations.
7. Structure lending appropriately

From day one it’s imperative that you have accounting systems and processes in place to monitor
cash flow through your practice. Talk to your accountant or finance specialist to gain a better
understanding of how to structure your finances to suit your practice’s needs.
8. Take control of your financial situation – check your progress
Know where you need to be and what you need to be doing to maximise your income. Stay in
control of your finances by making a commitment to undertake regular financial health checks.
9. Insurances
While you are busy with patients don’t forget to protect your most important asset, YOU. Talk to
your finance specialist about how to access insurance policies designed to protect the personal and
business assets of healthcare practitioners.
10. Make sure you understand your legal and compliance obligations
There are a wide range of legal obligations to consider during the set-up of your practice. It’s
important you seek professional legal guidance to ensure you comply with all the necessary regulations.
Practice Management
Veterinarians are experts in caring for animals, but they don't always get training on how to run a
successful business.
Here are some tips how to run a successful and profitable veterinary practice.
1. Pricing is Key
Too frequently when we talk about boosting profits, we focus on decreasing costs and neglect the
importance of pricing. However, it's important to be realistic about how much you can actually cut, and
to realize that just cutting your expenses won't necessarily lead to higher profit margins. You can only
cut costs so far, after all, and raising fees may be a more guaranteed way to make a profit. This being
said, many veterinary practices feel as though they can't raise prices and remain in business.
Low-cost spay and neuter clinics have popped up in almost every city, and vets often feel the
pressure to match these clinics' costs in order to attract customers. However, this isn't necessarily the
most reasonable solution. If your practice can't realistically match the costs of a clinic—and most can't
—look for alternative ways to make your practice an attractive option for customers. For example,
consider offering spay and neuter surgeries as part of a package that also includes vaccinations and
exams for a year. While this means that your practice will have to absorb the initial loss for the cost of
the surgeries, it will also guarantee your practice a monthly income and return business. Veterinary
practices that offer these types of deals have found that the majority of their clients will end up renewing
their pet's health package at the end of the first year, further ensuring continued income for the business.
Additionally, be sure that you explain your pricing to every new client by speaking directly with
them about it and offering detailed bills. You want your clients to understand exactly what it is that they
are paying for and what level of service they can expect from you that they won't receive at a
clinic. Many clients are willing to pay a little extra for routine services if it means having a vet that is
clearly dedicated to their pet's all-around welfare.
2. Understand Your Revenue

Another important aspect to boosting your business' profits involves keeping track of and
understanding where your income is coming from. As a veterinary practice, you should primarily be
making money off your services, not the products you are selling.
It's great to be able to make money off of supplements, flea medications, and special foods, but
it's also important to realize that your customers are more likely to purchase these things from more
convenient locations (like the pet store). A practice that is dependent on selling products to turn a profit
is not a sustainable business model. If you find that you aren't making the majority of your money from
the services you currently offer, consider adding additional ones. Teeth-cleaning and nail-cutting
services are especially easy to add in since they are convenient things to do when your clients bring their
pets in for checkups. You may also want to think about offering more novelty services such as boarding,
grooming, or “date-night” pet sitting. Your goal is to make your veterinary practice as indispensable and
helpful to your clients as possible.
3. Be Smart About Your Inventory

There are several changes that you can make to maximize your profits from the products that you
do decide to sell. First of all, it's incredibly important that you keep an accurate inventory rather than just
eyeballing the products that you have on the shelves. Ideally, you should be using some sort of
inventory management software that automatically updates every time a customer purchases something.
Having an automated system means that you may only need to double-check your numbers weekly
instead of daily, which in turn translates to less wasted time counting products by staff members.
Furthermore, investing in inventory management software will also help you keep better track of
your stock and thus decrease unnecessary ordering. Secondly, spend some time evaluating the products
that you currently are selling. Do you really need to be offering five different types of flea medicine or
seven different special diet pet foods? Your goal with your inventory is to have a comprehensive but
small array of products that you can quickly sell. Don't throw your money away by having products sit
on your shelves until they expire. It is far easier to track your inventory and monitor product expiration
dates when you have a small inventory that has a high turnover rate. In general, it's worth the extra
shipping or delivery costs to only purchase a month's supply of a product at a time.
Lastly, be sure that you are getting the best deals not only on pet medication and medical
equipment but also on office supplies. Some veterinary practices get so caught up in meticulously
tracking prices for their inventory that they end up neglecting to do research on the other items they have
to purchase for their office.
The money that you are saving with your small inventory will all be for naught if you are getting
ripped off buying paper and pens. After all, it only takes a little bit of extra effort and a few seconds of
internet research to compare prices and ensure that you are getting a fair deal on office supplies.
4. Bring in Technology
If you've been to the doctor recently, you've probably noticed that just about everything (medical
records, prescription refills, lab results, etc.) is electronic now. Your veterinary practice should be no
different. The days of paper and pen medical records are over; it's time to embrace electronic medical
record (EMR) software. EMR software allows you to quickly access your patient's charts and tests with
just a click of a button, so that within seconds of walking into an exam room and logging into your
computer, you will have complete access to your patient's medical history.
Furthermore, many EMR systems also come as packages that include practice management
systems (PMS) as well. Practice management systems usually include easy-to-use scheduling, billing,
and inventory functions, as well as a portal for your clients to quickly book appointments and view their
pet's medical records. There's no getting around the huge amount of time it will take to get set up with
an EMR/PMS, but you will be absolutely astounded by how much time and money you will end up
saving in the long-run.
Billing that used to take hours to finish will now be done with just a few clicks, giving you more
time to see patients. If you aren't particularly tech savvy, consider bringing in an outside source to help
you get set up and to train your staff to help smooth the transition. No one becomes a veterinarian
because they want to deal with paperwork, and EMR/PMS software will allow you to devote more time
and energy to practicing medicine and less to record management.
IMPROVE YOUR CLIENT'S EXPERIENCE

While it's certainly important that your practice emphasizes your commitment to animal welfare,
don't forget about the humans involved!
Visits to the vet can be stressful for both pets and owners alike, and it's important to remember
that the owners are the ones bringing your patients to your practice and paying the bills afterwards. Little
things, like offering free parking, water or coffee in the waiting room (along with dog treats!), wi-fi, or
reminder emails/texts/phone calls about upcoming appointments can make the experience a far more
pleasant one for your human clients.
Follow-up phone calls are also a nice touch to help your clients feel like you care about them
and their pets and are not just out to make money off of them. When it comes to the visit itself, make
sure that you and your technicians are greeting both the pet and its owner. Make good eye contact, have
positive body language, and dress professionally. Remember that doctor-patient time is what actually
brings the money in for your practice, and use your technicians to get basic info and nothing more. Pet
owners will get frustrated if you enter the room after your technician and proceed to ask the exact same
questions all over again. Have good communication with your staff members, and be sure that everyone
understand what their role is during a patient visit. Don't forget that your front desk reception is the first
interaction that your clients will have with your practice, and be sure to hire individuals that are friendly
and knowledgeable.
Lastly, be forthright about your charges. There's unfortunately a pervasive belief that many
veterinarians take advantage of pet owners' love for their animals and lack of knowledge about
veterinary medicine to rip them off and charge them for unnecessary vaccinations and procedures. Only
about 1% of pet owners have pet health insurance, which means that the vast majority of your clients are
going to be paying their pet's bills by themselves. Show your clients some respect by being upfront
about costs before or during a checkup. Your clients should never be shocked when they are handed the
bill at the end of a visit. You want your clients to understand exactly what they are getting for their
money, and why it is worth their time and money to visit you instead of the practice down the road.
With many baby boomers retiring and selling their veterinary practices, now is a great time to buy your
own practice. You don't want to spend your entire career working for wages and struggling to pay off
your student loans, and owning your own practice can be incredibly rewarding emotionally and
financially if done properly.
References:
https://iloveveterinary.com/blog/top-8-characteristics-successful-veterinarian
https://www.veterinarypracticenews.com/qualities-of-a-good-veterinary-technician/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/
8969612_Personal_characteristics_knowledge_of_the_veterinary_profession_and_influences_on_career_choice
_among_students_in_the_veterinary_school_applicant_pool
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12378432
https://equimanagement.com/articles/develop-marketing-skills-54876
Direction: What are the skills of a veterinarian appropriate to practice the profession ethically and within
the bounds of the laws governing the profession?
IMPLICATIONS:
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________

LEARNING RESOURCE PACK - Jurisprudence Ethics and Business - 1st Sem - SY - 2023 2024

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

LEARNING RESOURCE PACK - Jurisprudence Ethics and Business - 1st Sem - SY - 2023 2024

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Jurisprudence, Ethics and

Sinamar E. Estudillo, DVM, PhD

Title of LRP: JURISPRUDENCE, ETHICS AND BUSINESS

Chair, Curriculum Committee Chair, IM Committee

DR. LORDY P. PLAZA

DR. ARLENE V. TOMAS

DR. ARNOLD E. VELASCO

Course description Vision

TAU as one of the top

Credit: 2-0-2 Breakthrough Goals

Lesson 1: Veterinary Ethics and its Branches

Lesson 3: The difference between Ethical and Legal Standards

Unit 2: The Veterinarian and the Profession

Lesson 1: Employment opportunities, government agencies

Lesson 2: Veterinary Medicine Professional Organizations

The Veterinarian’s Oath

Philippine Veterinary Medical Association Code of Ethics

Professional Regulation Commission

Unit 3: The Veterinarian and the Laws

Lesson 2: Animal Industry Laws

Lesson 3: Animal Welfare Laws

Lesson 4: Livestock Diseases Laws

Lesson 5: Livestock Importation and Quarantine Laws

Lesson 6: Meat Inspection and Standard Laws

Lesson 7: Feed Laws

Lesson 8: Veterinary Drug Laws

Lesson 9: Veterinary Practice Laws

Unit 4: The Veterinarian and the Client

Lesson 1: Client -Patient-Characteristics/Relationship

Lesson 2 : Human Companion Animal Bond

Unit 5: The Veterinarian and the Patient

Lesson 1: Animal Characteristics, Rights and Welfare

Unit 6: The Veterinarian and the Practice

Lesson 1: Veterinary Skills Characteristics

Teaching and Learning Activities Instructor’s/Professor’s

Suggested Readings (optional) Instructor’s/Professor’s

Republic Act No. 6713 | www.nia.gov.ph

Discussion Forum 1 10%

Discussion Forum 2 10%

Passing grade 75%

Learning Resource Materials

LESSON 1: VETERINARY ETHICS AND ITS BRANCHES

At the end of the lesson, students are expected to:

1. Comprehend the meaning of jurisprudence, ethics and business/marketing.

2. Explain and differentiate the different branches of veterinary ethics.

Veterinary Ethics - ethical issues concerning animals.

4 Branches of Veterinary Ethics

At the end of the lesson, students are expected to:

Veterinary Ethics and Religion

Relationship between Veterinary Ethics and the Law

At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:

1. Differentiate between ethical and legal standards

References and Suggested readings:

At the end of the lesson, students are expected to:

Veterinary Ethics and Moral Theory

The importance of Virtuous, Actions and Values

Mapping the moral values of veterinarians

Descriptive Veterinary Ethics

Ethical attitudes can be classified to their degree of generality or specificity.

Central and Peripheral Values

Self and other regarding moral values

Selected Values in Veterinary Medicine

- Client's monetary gain