Structural Steel Design

Structural Steel Design

Column Base Plates
 When a steel column is supported by a footing, it is
necessary for the Column load to be spread over a sufficient
area of the footing. We do this by a steel base plate.
 A base plate is a steel plate connected to the end of column
section to transfer the column reactions uniformly to the co
ncrete foundations through bearing of the base plate
foundations through bearing of the base plate and the anch
or bolts. The base plate can be welded or by some type of
welded or bolted lug angles
Typical column base
Typical column base
Cast-in-place anchor rods
Site people can construct anything, so please be careful with your drawings.
Please send foundation drawings before superstructure drawings
Leveling Plates
Leveling Nuts
Three-point Leveling
Angle-frame Leveling
Base plates for uplift
Base plates for uplift
Base plates for uplift
Pinned or Fixed base plates
Leveling Plates
 Design of Base Plates
The design bearing strength, φcPp, and the allowable bearing
strength, Pp/Ωc for column bases and bearing on concrete are found
in J8 of the specification.
 Design of Base Plates
 We are looking for design of concentrically loaded columns. These base
plates are connected using anchor bolts to concrete or masonry footings

 The column load shall spread over a large area of the bearing surface
underneath the base plate

AISC Manual Part 16, J8

 Design of Base Plates
 The design approach presented here combines three design approaches for
light, heavy loaded, small and large concentrically loaded base plates
Area of Plate is computed such that
n
m Pp  Pu
0.8 bf B
where:
  0 .6
If plate covers the area of the footing
0.95d
PP  0.85 f cA1
N
If plate covers part of the area of the footing
A2
PP  0.85 f cA1  1.7 f cA1
 The dimensions of the plate are A1
computed such that m and n are A1 = area of base plate
approximately equal. A2 = area of footing
f’c = compressive strength of concrete used
for footing
 Design of Base Plates
Thickness of plate
m

2 Pu Pu l  max n
t pl  l  1.5 l  n '
0.9 B N Fy B NFy 

N  0.95 d B  0.8 b f 1
n '  db f 
m n
2 2 4
2 X
 4dbf  Pu 
X  1 1 X
2
 ( d  b f )  c Pp

c  0.6 However  may be

conservatively taken as 1
Pp  Nominal bearing strength
 Example- Design of Base Plate
• For the column base shown
in the figure, design a base
plate if the factored load on
the column is 10000 kN.
Assume 3 m x 3 m concrete W360x315 0.95d N
footing with concrete
strength of 20 MPa.
0.8bf

B
 Example- Design of Base Plate
• Step I: Plate dimensions

– Assume A2
2 thus:
A1
 Pp  1.7 f cA1  Pu
0.6  1.7  20  A1  10000 103
A1  490.2  103 mm 2 A2
 4.28  2
– Assume m = n A1

N  0.95d  2m  0.95  399  2m  379  2m

B  0.8b f  2m  0.8  401 2m  321 2m
A1  NB  379  2m321 2m  490.2 103  m  175.4 mm
– N = 729.8 mm say N = 730 mm
B = 671.8 mm say B = 680 mm
 Example- Design of Base Plate
• Step II: Plate thickness

fp
t p  1.5( m ,n ,or n' )
Fy

m  ( N  0.95d ) / 2  175.5 mm
n  ( B  0.8b f ) / 2  179.5 mm
1
n'  db f  100 mm
4
 Example- Design of Base Plate
• Selecting the largest cantilever length
10000 103
fp   20.14 MPa
680 730
20.14
t req  1.5(179.5)  76.7 mm
248

• use 730 mm x 670 mm x 80 mm Plate

Example- Design of Base Plate
Design a square base plate with A36 steel for W250x89 column with a service dead
load of 790 KN and a service life load of 1240 KN. The concrete 28-day strength is
21MPa. The base plate rests on a 24in X 24in concrete pedestal. Solution
 Eccentrically Loaded Columns
• For eccentrically loaded columns
• Compute dimensions such that stress (q) is less than concrete
compressive strength.
• Compute thickness so that the ultimate moment on the plate equals
the full plastic moment multiplied by , where  = 0.9.

Pu  6e 
qmax  1    f c
BN  N or B 

Pu  6e 
qmin  1  0
BN  N or B 
no tension e = eccentricity

Mu
t p  2.1 Mu = ultimate moment per (mm) width on the plate
Fy